Consultation for teachers
Overview of partial programs
PROGRAM “BASICS OF THE SAFETY OF PRESCHOOL CHILDREN”
(R. B. Sterkina, O. L. Knyazeva, N. N. Avdeeva)
The program involves solving the most important social and pedagogical task - developing the child’s skills of adequate behavior in various unexpected situations. Developed based on the draft state standard preschool education. Contains a set of materials that provide stimulation in preschool childhood (senior preschool age) of independence and responsibility for their behavior. Its goals are to develop the child’s skills of reasonable behavior, to teach him to behave adequately in dangerous situations at home and on the street, in city transport, when communicating with strangers, interacting with fire hazardous and other objects, animals and poisonous plants; contribute to the formation of the foundations of environmental culture and introduction to a healthy lifestyle. The program is addressed to teachers of senior groups of preschool educational institutions. Consists of an introduction and six sections, the content of which reflects changes in the life of modern society and thematic planning, in accordance with which the educational work with children: “Child and other people”, “Child and nature”, “Child at home”, “Child’s health”, “Child’s emotional well-being”, “Child on the city street”. The content of the program reserves the right for each preschool institution to use various forms and methods of organizing training, taking into account individual and age characteristics children, sociocultural differences, the uniqueness of home and living conditions, as well as general socio-economic and crime situation. Due to the special importance of protecting the life and health of children, the program requires mandatory compliance its main principles: completeness (implementation of all its sections), systematicity, taking into account the conditions of urban and rural areas, seasonality, age targeting.
PROGRAM “ME, YOU, WE” (O. L. Knyazeva, R. B. Sterkina)
The proposed program is relevant for all types of preschool educational institutions and can effectively complement any preschool education program. Provides the basic (federal) component of the state standard of preschool education. Developed in order to fill a significant gap in traditional domestic education related to the socio-emotional development of a preschool child. Aimed at solving such important tasks like formation emotional sphere, development of the child’s social competence. The program also helps solve the complex educational objectives related to the education of moral standards of behavior, the ability to build relationships with children and adults, respectful attitude towards them, a worthy way out of conflict situations, as well as self-confidence, the ability to adequately assess one’s own capabilities.
Recommended by the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation.
PROGRAM “DISCOVER YOURSELF” (E.V. Ryleeva)
Dedicated to the most important problem of modern preschool education - the individualization of personal development of children two to six years old and the inextricably linked task of developing self-awareness in preschoolers by means speech activity. The program is based on the principles of humanistic psychology and the author’s technology based on them, which allows you to personalize educational content, to make it more flexible, adequate to the needs and interests of children with different levels of personality development and abilities. Covers several leading areas of the state standard of preschool education: “Speech development”, “Development of ideas about man in history and culture”, “Natural development scientific ideas", "Development of environmental culture". Has a block structure, concentric layout educational material, allowing children to selectively assimilate the educational content of the program. Basic thematic blocks programs: “I am like this”, “World of people”, “World not made by hands”, “I can” - provide the formation of ideas about significant areas of human life, allow for the correction of self-esteem, and prepare children to independently overcome difficulties. The program provides for the possibility of actively involving parents of students in the pedagogical process. Addressed to teachers of preschool educational institutions, teachers of educational institutions like " Primary School - kindergarten", psychologists, tutors, parents.
PROGRAM "HARMONY" (D. I. Vorobyova)
The main idea of the program is the holistic development of the personality of a child aged two to five, his intellectual, artistic and creative potential. The leading principle is the multi-stage integration of educational and educational tasks of various types of activities with an emphasis on the productive activities of children (visual, constructive, artistic speech, theatrical). The structure of the program provides for work in two interrelated areas: the accumulation of social experience of knowing oneself and the world around us (seeing, hearing, playing, creating) and its implementation in conditions of independent activity of children. The program contains new original technologies, which are based on the child’s search activity, providing him with a subjective position in the cognitive and creative process. An integral part The “Harmony” program is a subprogram for the development of a child’s rhythmic plasticity “Rhythmic Mosaic”, built on a single conceptual basis.
PROGRAM "UMKA" - TRIZ (L. M. Kurbatova and others)
The program contains a dialectical approach to the formation creativity children three to six years old based on development active forms thinking in unity with creative imagination. The program creates the prerequisites for a systematic vision of the world and its creative transformation. Provides for the development of children's imagination; enriching the subject-spatial environment of a children's educational institution and determines the conditions that facilitate the solution of inventive problems by preschoolers (fairy-tale, game, ethical, environmental, technical, etc.). Provides wide use interactive forms and teaching methods. Basic principles: humanistic orientation, cross-cutting, multi-stage nature (covers junior, middle, senior preschool age, junior school age), psychological support gifted children, variability of use in the system of basic and additional education. Consists of three relatively independent parts:
- programs for the development of thinking and creative abilities of preschool children - “Umka” - TRIZ;
- a program option that includes educational content for organizing work with children in intellectual and aesthetic development studios;
- subprogram that prepares teachers of preschool educational institutions to implement the program for developing the thinking and creative abilities of preschool children “Umka” - TRIZ.
PROGRAM "SEMITCVETIK" (V. I. Ashikov, S. G. Ashikova)
This program is designed to solve the problem of cultural and environmental education of preschool children - initial stage the formation of a spiritually rich, creative, self-developing personality. His actions and actions will depend on how a child learns to think and feel. The authors see the solution to this problem in the little person’s awareness of the sublime, refined and beautiful that they give the world, nature and World culture. Education of morality, broad outlook, development of creativity through the perception of beauty is the main feature of this program. Much attention in the program is paid to the joint creative activity of children and adults. The program is designed for use in kindergarten, various art and creative children's studios, as well as in home education.
Recommended by the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation.
PROGRAM “BEAUTY - JOY - CREATIVITY” (T. S. Komarova and others)
It is a holistic integrated program of aesthetic education for preschool children, effectively promoting the spiritual and intellectual development of children in preschool childhood. It is built on the author’s concept of aesthetic education and the development of children’s artistic and creative abilities, based on the principles of nationality, integrated use different types arts (musical, visual, theatrical, literature and architecture), sensory development of the child. It has a clear structure and takes into account the growth of creative capabilities of children from two to six years old. Includes all sections of work on aesthetic education in kindergarten. Along with traditional ones, the program also widely uses non-traditional ones for aesthetic education. educational means- leisure and entertainment.
PROGRAM “CONSTRUCTION AND MANUAL LABOR IN KINDERGARTEN” (L. V. Kutsakova)
Based on the concept of artistic and aesthetic education of preschool children. The main goal is to develop constructive skills and artistic and creative abilities of children, to introduce them to various techniques modeling and design. It is based on the integrated use of all types of design and artistic work in kindergarten. Designed for the entire preschool age - from three to six years. Provides a differentiated approach to children with different levels of intellectual and artistic development, including children with weak and strong motivation, as well as the gifted. The selection of educational material for creativity meets the principles of preschool didactics and the age capabilities of children. Contains technologies based on the use unconventional methods and teaching techniques that allow the teacher to develop associative thinking, imagination, creative skills, practical skills, artistic taste, aesthetic attitude to reality. Much attention is paid creative character joint activities teacher and children.
Recommended by the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation.
PROGRAM “NATURE AND ARTIST” (T. A. Koptseva)
The program is aimed at developing in children four to six years old a holistic understanding of nature as a living organism. The natural world acts as a subject of close study and as a means of emotional and imaginative influence on the creative activity of children. Using the means of fine art, problems of environmental and aesthetic education are solved, methods of dialogue between cultures, spiritualization of natural phenomena, fairy-tale play situations, etc. are used. Children are introduced to the world artistic culture as part of spiritual culture. The program has a block-thematic planning. The main blocks “Natural World”, “Animal World”, “Human World”, “World of Art” contain a system of artistic and creative tasks that contribute to the transfer and accumulation of experience in preschoolers of an emotional and value-based attitude to the world, increasing the experience of creative activity, and developing skills and skills in fine arts, decorative and constructive activities taking into account the age characteristics of children.
Approved by the Federal Expert Council on General Education.
PROGRAM “OUR HOME IS NATURE” (N. A. Ryzhova)
The content of the program ensures that children are familiarized with the diversity and richness of the natural world, and promotes the development of basic natural science concepts and environmental concepts. Designed for the purpose of educating children of senior preschool age. Provides continuity with primary school education in the courses “The World Around You” and “Nature”. The main goals are to educate from the first years of life a humane, socially active personality, capable of understanding and loving the world around us, nature, and treating them with care. The peculiarity of the program is to form in the child a holistic view of nature and the place of man in it, environmentally literate and safe behavior. Elements of environmental knowledge are organically integrated into general content, including natural and social aspects, which is determined by the structural features of the program, the educational material of which includes teaching and educational components. The program provides for the widespread use of a variety of practical activities children in matters of study and protection environment. The content of the program may be adjusted in accordance with local natural and climatic conditions.
Recommended by the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation.
PROGRAM “LIFE AROUND US”
(N. A. Avdeeva, G. B. Stepanova)
Developed in accordance with the content of the state standard of preschool education in the section “Development of environmental culture of children.” Provides for environmental education and upbringing of children of senior preschool age, the study of the relationship between nature and nature that is understandable to them. social phenomena. The theoretical basis of the program is the concept of person-centered education, the center of which is the creation of conditions for the development of the child’s personality. Provides an opportunity for the child to master in an accessible playful form environmental information, to form an emotionally positive, caring and responsible attitude of children towards living nature. The program is supplemented by an approximate thematic lesson plan and organizational and methodological recommendations for its implementation.
PROGRAM “YOUNG ECOLOGIST” (S. N. Nikolaeva)
Aimed at developing the beginnings of ecological culture in children two to six years old in a kindergarten. It has theoretical basis and detailed methodological support. Ecological culture is considered as a conscious attitude of children to natural phenomena and objects that surround them, to themselves and their health, to objects made from natural materials. It consists of two subprograms: “Environmental education of preschool children” and “Advanced training for employees of preschool educational institutions.” The structure of the first subroutine is based on sensory perception children of nature, emotional interaction with it, basic knowledge about the life, growth and development of living beings. The ecological approach to introducing children to nature and the environmental content of all sections of the program is based on main pattern nature - the relationship of living organisms with their environment.
Approved by the Federal Expert Council on General Education.
PROGRAM "SPIDER WEB" (Zh. L. Vasyakina-Novikova)
The goal of the program is to form the foundations of planetary thinking in children, to educate reasonable attitude to the world and to oneself as an inhabitant of planet Earth. The program offers a new original system for the development of environmental ideas, based on the principle of centering the content of the work on the child with the widespread use of search methods of teaching and play activities. It is presented in four blocks: “Where do I live?”, “Who do I live with?”, “How do I live?”, “When do I live?” Through knowledge of your “I”, your vital needs the child comprehends the diversity of relationships between nature and people. Designed to work with children of all age groups in preschool educational institutions.
Recommended by the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation.
PROGRAM "HARMONY" (K. L. Tarasova, T. V. Nesterenko, T. G. Ruban / Edited by K. L. Tarasova)
The program implements a comprehensive, holistic approach to the musical development of a child in preschool childhood. The goal of the program is the general musical development of children, the formation of their musical abilities. The content of the program is determined by the logic of the development of musical abilities in preschool childhood at each stage. It includes all main types musical activity, accessible to preschool children: listening to music, musical movement, singing, playing children's musical instruments, musical dramatization games. The central place in the program is given to the formation of musical creativity in children and the improvisational nature of classes. The musical repertoire of the program, new and extensive, is selected based on a combination of highly artistic and accessible works of classical, modern and folk music for children different eras and styles; organized into blocks of topics accessible and interesting to children, fully presented in anthologies of the musical repertoire and partially in recordings on audio cassettes.
Recommended by the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation.
PROGRAM "SYNTHESIS" (K.V. Tarasova, M.L. Petrova, T.G. Ruban, etc.)
This program aims to develop the musical perception of children from four to seven years old. Has a broad educational aspect. Its content introduces the child not only to the world of musical art, but also to artistic culture in general. The program is based on the principle of an integrated approach, in which musical works are considered in a single complex with works of fine art and fiction. At the same time, the core art form in the program is music. The program included works of classical art and folklore accessible to children. For the first time, along with chamber and symphonic music, synthetic genres of musical art - opera and ballet - are used in teaching.
Recommended by the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation.
PROGRAM “PLAYING IN AN ORCHESTRA BY HEARING” (M. A. Trubnikova)
The goal of the program is to teach children aged three to six years old to select melodies by ear and play children's musical instruments (in an ensemble, orchestra). The program is fundamentally different new technique teaching children to play musical instruments, based on selecting melodies by ear. Along with the development of an ear for music (timbre, sound, melodic) and a sense of musical rhythm, the program comprehensively addresses the issues of the general development of the child as an individual. The musical repertoire of the program consists of works of classical, modern and folk music, including new ones specially written for this program.
Recommended by the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation.
PROGRAM "BADY" (V. A. Petrova)
The program provides for the development of musical abilities in children of the third year of life in all types of musical activities available to them, and contributes to their familiarization with the world musical culture. The program is based on works from the classical repertoire, the rich range of which presupposes the teacher’s freedom to choose one or another piece of music, taking into account the level of preparation and development of a particular child. The program has significantly updated the repertoire of musical games.
Recommended by the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation.
PROGRAM “MUSICAL MASTERPIECES” (O. P. Radynova)
The program contains a scientifically based and methodologically constructed system for forming the foundations of musical culture for preschool children (three to seven years old), taking into account the individual and psychophysiological characteristics of children and interconnected with all educational work of the kindergarten. The program is based on the use of works high art, authentic examples of world musical classics. Fundamental Principles programs (thematic, contrasting comparison of works, concentric, principles of adaptability and syncretism) allow you to systematize the repertoire of musical classics and folk music in order to accumulate intonational experience of music perception, develop creative abilities in different types of musical activities, flexible application of forms, methods and techniques of pedagogical work in depending on the age and individual characteristics of children. The program provides an interconnection between children’s cognitive and creative activities in the process of forming the foundations of musical culture.
Recommended by the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation.
PROGRAM “INVOKING CHILDREN TO THE ORIGINS OF RUSSIAN FOLK CULTURE” (O. L. Knyazeva, M. D. Makhaneva)
This program defines new guidelines in the moral and patriotic education of children, based on their familiarization with Russian folk culture. The main goal is to contribute to the formation of a personal culture in children, to introduce them to the rich cultural heritage of the Russian people, to lay a solid foundation in the development of children national culture based on familiarity with the life and way of life of the Russian people, their character, their inherent moral values, traditions, and characteristics of the material and spiritual environment. At the same time, the program addresses issues of expanding the basic personality culture of teachers in preschool educational institutions. The theoretical basis of the program is the well-known position (D. Likhachev, I. Ilyin) that children, in the process of becoming familiar with their native culture, become familiar with the enduring universal human values. The program is designed to work with children three to seven years old, includes promising and scheduling. Offers new organizational and methodological forms of work; contains information materials from various literary, historical, ethnographic, art and other sources.
Recommended by the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation.
PROGRAM “ENDURING VALUES OF THE SMALL HOMELAND” (E. V. Pchelintseva)
Dedicated to the historical and cultural aspect of child development between the ages of three and seven years. Created on the basis of the achievements of modern science and advanced pedagogical experience of preschool educational institutions in the Ivanovo region. It defines the content and necessary conditions for the formation at the early stages of the civic foundations of the individual, its patriotic, moral, ethical and aesthetic orientation, nurturing love and respect for one’s people, their cultural wealth and versatile talent. The peculiarity of the program is the integration of the child’s historical, environmental, aesthetic, and ethical ideas based on broad familiarization with the cultural heritage of his native land, folk traditions, and original nature. native land. Main criterion selection of material - local history culture, art and history, facts and events as components of the general national culture of Russia. The program includes three blocks, which contain a wide range of topics, specifically organized classes and outside of class, familiarizing children with their native land, its history, folklore, folk and fine arts, etc. The program determines the content of joint activities of the teacher and children, and provides for the organization of free independent activities, within the framework of which the creative activity of each child develops.
Approved by the Federal Expert Council on General Education.
PROGRAM “DEVELOPMENT OF CHILDREN’S CONCEPT ABOUT HISTORY AND CULTURE” (L. N. Galiguzova, S. Yu. Meshcheryakova)
Designed according to structural component state standard of preschool education “Development of ideas about man in history and culture.” Special attention The program focuses on the enduring values of world civilization. The main goal is to form in children of senior preschool age the foundations of spiritual culture, a humane attitude towards people and their work, respect for cultural values different peoples, development cognitive activity, creative abilities. The content of the program at a level accessible to children introduces them to the lives of people in different historical eras, gives elementary representations about technical progress.
PROGRAM “THEATRE - CREATIVITY - CHILDREN” (N. F. Sorokina, L. G. Milanovich)
The goal of the program is to develop children's creative abilities through theatrical arts. It scientifically substantiates the stage-by-stage use of certain types of children's creative activities in the process of theatrical implementation; means and methods of theatrical and play activities are systematically presented, taking into account the age of children; Parallel solution of problems of artistic speech, stage and musical art is provided. The leading principle of the program is to involve children in productive theatrical and playful creative activities, creating stage images that evoke emotional experiences. The program is partial and can serve as a supplement to comprehensive and basic programs.
Approved by the Federal Expert Council on General Education.
PROGRAM “LITTLE EMO” (V. G. Razhnikov)
The goal of the program is the emotional and aesthetic development of preschoolers five to six years old, introducing the child to a full-fledged emotional and aesthetic culture: the child will be able to look at the world through the eyes of a poet, artist, musician; learn to compose and perform simple works of art. The program is based on children's mastery of artistic moods common to all aesthetic phenomena. Emotional and aesthetic culture is not forcibly mastered in the simplest forms of artistic activity, accessible to almost every child. These are rhythmic-sound improvisations, color improvisations and syllabic poetic rhythms; in art games the child masters creative positions author, performer and viewer (listener). The program provides for parallel training for both the child and the teacher. Intended for teachers of preschool educational institutions and art education teachers, as well as parents.
Recommended by the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation.
Anastasia Miloserdova
Analysis of partial programs for the implementation of the variable part. "Cognitive Development"
II. Educational area « Cognitive development"
2.1 Program“Our home is nature”
Age range: from 5 to 7 years.
Target programs, to educate from the first years of life a humane, socially active, creative personality, capable of understanding and loving the world around us, nature and treating them with care. "Our home is nature"- author's program, ensuring continuity in environmental education preschoolers with primary school by subject "The world", "Natural history". Can be used by preschool institutions as general developmental type, supervision and rehabilitation, and correctional.
Program"Our home is nature" pays attention to the following questions: – understanding the value of nature; – the child’s awareness of himself as parts of nature; – fostering a respectful attitude towards all animals and plants without exception, regardless of our likes and dislikes; – understanding that everything in the drive is interconnected, and the violation of one of the connections leads to other changes; – raising children to have an active life position; – teaching the basics of elementary environmental safety; – formation of initial information about the rational use of natural resources in everyday life (electricity, water, gas); – formation of an emotionally positive attitude towards the world around us, understanding the dependence of its state on human actions (including the child); – understanding of the uniqueness of the surrounding world. N.A. Ryzhova notes that the younger generation needs to develop a new ecological consciousness, the essence of which is that man is a special, intelligent part of nature, and ecology is not just a science, it is a whole worldview.
Working on this program, it is important to show that natural components are interconnected and depend on the environment. It is necessary to form in children primary ideas about the cyclical nature of natural phenomena, that nothing in nature disappears without a trace. Preschoolers should receive information that is scientifically reliable but age-appropriate
2.2 Program"Young ecologist"
Age range: from 2 to 7 years.
IN program seven sections are presented. The first section is basic information about the universe, the inanimate nature of the Earth and its significance in the life of living beings. The next two are devoted to revealing the relationship of plants and animals with their environment. The fourth traces the role of the habitat in the process of ontogenesis - growth and development certain species of plants and higher animals. The fifth reveals relationships within communities whose lives children can observe. Subsections marked with an asterisk should be studied with S. N. Nikolaev. “Young ecologist. Program environmental education in kindergarten” by children is not necessary; they can be useful to the teacher as additional material. The sixth section shows different forms of human interaction with nature. Special (health) What matters is the first paragraph, which addresses the needs of people (children) as living beings and the ensuing environmental requirements. The seventh section provides general recommendations for the distribution of material by age. Program"Young ecologist" can be used in any preschool institution where there is a transition from traditional familiarization with nature to solving issues of environmental education of preschoolers. IN program it is deliberately not given a strict link between the tasks and content of environmental education to a particular age, which will allow its implementation to begin in any age group of the kindergarten. Data in program recommendations for the distribution of material by age allow the teacher realize an individual approach to children, regulating at each stage the volume and depth of solving the assigned tasks. In all sections program position is given"attitude" which will help the teacher understand how much the children accepted and learned new knowledge
Tasks programs
Educational:
Formation of the foundations of ecological culture in the process of introducing preschoolers to the world through practical activities with living objects, observations, experiments, research work and work with didactic material, the formation of adequate environmental ideas, i.e. ideas about the relationships in the system "Man-nature" and in nature itself;
Children’s awareness of the knowledge that plants and animals are living organisms; about the presence of inanimate bodies in nature, about their relationship;
Using the example of specific plants and animals, revealing the connection between structure and their functioning, the dependence of the structure of the organism on environmental conditions;
Formation of knowledge about the importance of living and inanimate nature in human life and economic activity;
Showing positive and negative influence person to the surrounding world;
Educational:
development the ability to see the beauty of the surrounding natural world, the diversity of its colors and shapes;
Fostering the desire and skills to preserve the natural world around us;
Cultivating a sense of responsibility for the state of the environment, an emotional attitude towards natural objects.
Developmental:
development skill systems (technology) and strategies for interacting with nature;
development skills to observe living objects and inanimate phenomena;
Drawing attention to surrounding natural objects, development the ability to see the beauty of the surrounding natural world, the diversity of its colors and shapes;
Formation of skills for rational use of natural resources;
Protection and promotion of children's health, development healthy lifestyle skills.
2.3 Program"We"
Program environmental education for children
Core content programs N. N. Kondratieva consists of “knowledge about man in his connection with nature, other people, ideas about man and nature as the highest values, knowledge about a humane attitude towards living things and his ability realize" In this case, the main attention is paid to the consideration of the connections of living organisms with the environment at different levels. In each section programs knowledge is presented as the basis of environmental consciousness, the skills of environmentally oriented activities, and the experience of a humane attitude towards nature. IN program The idea of the unity of man and nature is also revealed.
Target programs: to form environmental awareness of preschool children.
Tasks:
develop preschool children have ecological ideas, knowledge about the value of nature and the rules of behavior in it;
To develop skills in various activities in nature and the formation of environmentally oriented interaction with its objects;
Help children accumulate emotionally positive experience communication with nature.
Implementation success programs provided with several mandatory conditions:
The teacher's readiness to implementation environmental education for children;
Personality-oriented interaction between an adult and a child in the process of learning programs;
Constant communication of children with the nature of their immediate environment;
By building environmentally developing environment in a preschool institution;
Active participation parents in the educational process;
Establishment of connections by the preschool teacher with schools, public organizations, and institutions of additional education.
2.4 Program“Construction and artistic work in kindergarten”
Age range: from 1 to 7 years.
Design and artistic classes develop Children's creative abilities, dexterity, foster hard work, perseverance, and patience. By accumulating design and artistic experience, the child gets the opportunity to embody his ideas and fantasies in buildings and crafts. The book presents the author's program for kindergartens this species activities, detailed guidelines on all age groups, including nursery. The author offers two program implementation option(standard and innovative, applicable in traditional preschool educational institutions and preschool institutions of a new type, including pro-gymnasiums, private kindergartens, focused respectively on the reproductive method of teaching and the teaching method based on the cooperation of children and adults.
Tasks:
Continue to develop interest in visual arts;
Show respect to artistic interests and the child’s work, treat the results of his creative activity with care;
Strengthen the ability to save correct posture when working at a table or easel, be careful;
Systematically inform parents about how the artistic and aesthetic process proceeds development their child and provide advice on how to organize visual arts activities at home.
Continue to learn how to use scissors (cut circles from squares, ovals from rectangles, transform some geometric shapes into other: a square with several triangles, a rectangle with stripes, squares and small rectangles, with glue;
Continue to form generalized ideas about the objects being designed; present one topic with several gradually more complex constructions (for example, 5-6 houses, 4-5 trams, etc.); organize the development of these structures, both according to samples and in the process of them self-transformation children under specified conditions;
Learn to build various structures of the same object in accordance with their purpose (bridge for pedestrians, bridge for vehicles, as well as combined common theme(street, cars, houses, etc., selecting a theme taking into account the gender interests of children; plan the process of constructing a building and determine which parts are most suitable for it and how best to combine them; transform your buildings in accordance with the given conditions (cars for different loads; garages for different cars, etc.); understand the dependence of the structure of the structure on its practical use;
To teach how to make simple toys for playing with water, wind, decorating rooms on holidays, dramatization games, sports competitions, theatrical performances, etc., taking into account the interests and needs of girls and boys; introduce with methods of making objects by weaving strips of various materials, as well as using the papier-mâché technique;
Use paper construction techniques to make simple crafts: folding a square sheet paper: 1) diagonally; 2) in half with combination opposite sides and corners;
Continue to introduce to the perception of the richness of natural color shades, textures and forms of natural materials;
Create conditions for collective and independent artistic creativity
Age range: from 3 to 7 years.
Magic flower symbol "seven-colored" personifies in this program harmoniously revealing and developing child. Seven petals, painted in seven colors of the rainbow, like the first seven years of a child’s life, where each year is unique and original in its own way, has its own color. IN program reflects the attitude towards the child as a wonderful and unique flower, which needs to be helped to open up. Motto programs"Semitsvetik" - "Education through Culture and Beauty". Program and guidelines for cultural-ecological education and development preschool children "Semitsvetik" are intended not only for preschool teachers, but also for primary school teachers. Target programs: to contribute to the development of a more perfect person in moral, ideological, and creative terms.
Management efficiency educational process in a preschool educational organization (hereinafter referred to as PEO, DOU) largely depends on the choice of educational programs. In accordance with paragraph 5 of Art. 14 Federal Law RF No. 273 “On Education”, each educational organization is delegated the right to independently determine priority programs from a list of variable ones, taking into account the conditions for conducting educational activities, the material and technical base of the kindergarten, and the wishes of the parent contingent.
Preschool education programs are usually divided into comprehensive preschool education programs (general developmental), aimed at comprehensive development preschoolers, and partial (local, specialized), representing a set pedagogical methods and tools used to raise children within a specific direction. Partial programs in preschool educational institutions according to the Federal State Educational Standard can be used to ensure the integrity and adjustment of the educational process, achieving planned educational results as part of the implementation of the requirements of the new standard.
Partial programs aimed at developing cognitive activity
Partial programs in preschool educational institutions according to the Federal State Educational Standard, aimed at developing the cognitive potential of preschool children, are implemented through: maintaining individual and group cognitive, research activities; introducing pupils to general cultural values; formation of basic mathematical representations; environmental education.
Popular partial programs implemented within this area include the following:
"MATH IN KINDERGARTEN" (V.P. Novikova).
Educational work on this partial program is carried out in an entertaining game form, facilitating easy memorization of mathematical categories. During the classes, preschoolers will master stable counting skills, become familiar with the processes of addition and subtraction, and learn to solve simple mathematical problems.
PROGRAM “OUR HOME IS NATURE” (N. A. Ryzhova)
The content of the program ensures that children are familiarized with the diversity and richness of the natural world, and promotes the development of basic natural science concepts and environmental concepts. Designed for the purpose of educating children of senior preschool age. Provides continuity with primary school education in the courses “The World Around You” and “Nature”. The main goals are to educate from the first years of life a humane, socially active personality, capable of understanding and loving the world around us, nature, and treating them with care. The peculiarity of the program is to develop in the child a holistic view of nature and man’s place in it, as well as environmentally literate and safe behavior. Elements of environmental knowledge are organically integrated into the general content, including natural and social aspects, which is determined by the structural features of the program, the educational material of which includes teaching and educational components. The program provides for the widespread use of a variety of practical activities for children in the study and protection of the environment. The content of the program may be adjusted in accordance with local natural and climatic conditions.
PROGRAM “YOUNG ECOLOGIST” (S. N. Nikolaeva)
Aimed at developing the beginnings of ecological culture in children two to six years old in a kindergarten. It has a theoretical basis and detailed methodological support. Ecological culture is considered as a conscious attitude of children to natural phenomena and objects that surround them, to themselves and their health, to objects made from natural materials. It consists of two subprograms: “Environmental education of preschool children” and “Advanced training for employees of preschool educational institutions.” The structure of the first subprogram is based on children’s sensory perception of nature, emotional interaction with it, and basic knowledge about life, growth and development of living beings. The ecological approach to introducing children to nature and the ecological content of all sections of the program are based on the main pattern of nature - the relationship of living organisms with their environment.
Approved by the Federal Expert Council on General Education
.
PROGRAM "SPIDER WEB" (Zh. L. Vasyakina-Novikova)
The goal of the program is to develop in children the foundations of planetary thinking, to develop a reasonable attitude towards the world and towards themselves as an inhabitant of planet Earth. The program offers a new original system for the development of environmental ideas, based on the principle of centering the content of the work on the child with the widespread use of search methods of teaching and play activities. It is presented in four blocks: “Where do I live?”, “Who do I live with?”, “How do I live?”, “When do I live?” Through knowledge of his “I”, his life needs, the child comprehends the diversity of relationships between nature and people. Designed to work with children of all age groups in preschool educational institutions.
Recommended by the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation.
PROGRAM FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF MATHEMATICAL CONCEPTS IN PRESCHOOL CHILDREN "MATHEMATICAL STEPS" (E.V. Kolesnikova)
The content of the Program is focused on the development of mathematical abilities of children 3-7 years old, which is carried out in two directions:
— systematization and accounting of mathematical knowledge obtained from different sources(game, communication, etc.);
— organizing work with children to master the content of the Program.
During the implementation of the Program, joint activities of adults and children are provided in the process of classes (cognitive and research activities), games, communication, independent activities, which are organized by an adult, accompanies and supports.
The content of the Program reflects one of the areas of educational activity in the field of “Cognitive Development” and includes not only work on the formation of primary ideas about quantity, number, shape, size, space and time, but also involves the development of children’s interests, curiosity and cognitive motivation, the formation of prerequisites to educational activities.
PROGRAM “DEVELOPMENT OF CHILDREN’S CONCEPT ABOUT HISTORY AND CULTURE” (L. N. Galiguzova, S. Yu. Meshcheryakova)
Developed in accordance with the structural component of the state standard of preschool education “Development of ideas about man in history and culture.” Particular attention in the program is paid to the enduring values of world civilization. The main goal is to form in children of senior preschool age the foundations of spiritual culture, a humane attitude towards people and their work, respect for the cultural values of different peoples, the development of cognitive activity and creative abilities. The content of the program, at a level accessible to children, introduces them to the lives of people in different historical eras and gives them a basic understanding of technological progress.
PROGRAM "UMKA" - TRIZ (L. M. Kurbatova and others)
The program contains a dialectical approach to the formation of the creative abilities of children three to six years old based on the development of active forms of thinking in unity with creative imagination. The program creates the prerequisites for a systematic vision of the world and its creative transformation. Provides for the development of children's imagination; enriching the subject-spatial environment of a children's educational institution and determines the conditions that facilitate the solution of inventive problems by preschoolers (fairy-tale, game, ethical, environmental, technical, etc.). Provides for the widespread use of interactive forms and teaching methods. Basic principles: humanistic orientation, cross-cutting, multi-stage nature (covers junior, middle, senior preschool age, junior school age), psychological support for gifted children, variability of use in the system of basic and additional education. Consists of three relatively independent parts:
- programs for the development of thinking and creative abilities of preschool children - “Umka” - TRIZ;
- a program option that includes educational content for organizing work with children in intellectual and aesthetic development studios;
- subprogram that prepares teachers of preschool educational institutions to implement the program for developing the thinking and creative abilities of preschool children “Umka” - TRIZ.
PROGRAM “LIFE AROUND US”(N. A. Avdeeva, G. B. Stepanova)
Developed in accordance with the content of the state standard of preschool education in the section “Development of environmental culture of children.” Provides for environmental education and upbringing of children of senior preschool age, the study of the relationship between nature and social phenomena that is understandable to them. The theoretical basis of the program is the concept of person-centered education, the center of which is the creation of conditions for the development of the child’s personality. Provides an opportunity for a child to master environmental information in an accessible playful way, to form an emotionally positive, caring and responsible attitude towards living nature. The program is supplemented by an approximate thematic lesson plan and organizational and methodological recommendations for its implementation.
PROGRAM “ENDURING VALUES OF THE SMALL HOMELAND” (E. V. Pchelintseva)
Dedicated to the historical and cultural aspect of child development between the ages of three and seven years. Created on the basis of the achievements of modern science and advanced pedagogical experience of preschool educational institutions in the Ivanovo region. It defines the content and necessary conditions for the formation at the early stages of the civic foundations of the individual, its patriotic, moral, ethical and aesthetic orientation, nurturing love and respect for one’s people, their cultural wealth and versatile talent. The peculiarity of the program is the integration of the child’s historical, environmental, aesthetic, and ethical ideas based on wide familiarization with the cultural heritage of his native land, folk traditions, and the original nature of his native land. The main criterion for selecting material is local history culture, art and history, facts and events as components of the general national culture of Russia. The program includes three blocks that contain a wide range of topics that provide for the introduction of children to their native land, its history, folklore, folk and fine arts, etc. in specially organized classes and outside classes. The program determines the content of joint activities of the teacher and children, and provides for the organization of free independent activities within which the creative activity of each child develops.
Partial programs for speech development
"SPEECH DEVELOPMENT IN PRESCHOOL CHILDREN"(O.S. Ushakova)
Designed taking into account the age characteristics of children 3-7 years old. Contains new principles for teaching preschoolers native language. Classes according to the program contribute to the rapid acquisition of oral and written communication skills.
The system is based on an integrated approach; a methodology has been developed aimed at solving different but interrelated problems in one lesson, covering different aspects of speech development (phonetic, lexical, grammatical), and on their basis solving main task- development of coherent speech. The main principle of the developed system is the relationship between different speech tasks, which appears in different combinations at each age stage. This implies the principle of continuity, carried out in two forms: linear and concentric. Each speech task (education sound culture, formation of grammatical structure, vocabulary work, development of coherent speech) is solved primarily linearly, since from group to group the material within each task gradually becomes more complex, the compatibility of exercises, their replacement and interconnection vary. At the same time, with such complexity, the software core is preserved at each stage of training.In the development of coherent speech, this is the linking of sentences into a statement, in vocabulary work- work on the semantic side of the word, in grammar - the formation of linguistic generalizations. Consistent implementation of continuity in teaching (and especially in teaching preschoolers their native language) allows not only to rely on the past, but also to focus on subsequent development speech skills and skills. Thus, the problem of identifying the priority lines of development of each speech task at different age stages becomes important.
Most classes are structured according to a thematic principle, i.e. children’s exercises and statements begin, continue and develop one topic. The topics of the classes are very diverse: the seasons, the world of animals and plants, phenomena of social life, relationships between adults and children, love of nature. Children are introduced to many topics first through classes to expand their understanding of surrounding life, after becoming familiar with fiction, and then in classes on speech development, they consolidate the acquired knowledge and learn to express their impressions and attitude towards the environment, first in separate lexical and grammatical exercises, and then in coherent statements. And then the transition from completing the task of selecting synonyms and antonyms to composing a story or fairy tale becomes natural.
The proposed program reveals the main directions of speech work with children of preschool age (from three to seven years old), provides individual examples and some methodological techniques work
over different aspects of the child’s speech development.
"THE ABC OF COMMUNICATION" (L.M. Shchipitsina, O.V. Zashcherinskaya, A.P. Voronova, etc.).
The book presents an original method of teaching and developing communication skills in preschool children. Of particular value is the detailed lesson plan, equipped with texts and comments on games, conversations, exercises, themed walks, etc., as well as a set of methods for assessing the effectiveness of a development teacher. communication in children.
For children from 3 to 6 years old.
PROGRAM "FROM SOUND TO LETTER" (E.V. Kolesnikova)
The partial educational program “From Sound to Letter. Formation of analytical-synthetic activity as a prerequisite for learning to read and write” is the result of the author’s many years of experience working with preschool children.
It defines the content, volume, conditions of implementation and planned results of mastering the program “From Sound to Letter. Formation of sound analytical-synthetic activity as a prerequisite for teaching literacy to children 2-7 years old (educational field “Speech Development”).
The content of the Program is focused on the speech development of children aged 2-7 years, which is carried out in two directions:
- systematization and accounting of children’s speech development obtained from various sources (games, communication, learning, etc.);
- organization of work with children to master the content of the Program.
The program is accompanied by an educational and methodological set for 2-7 years (24 manuals), which includes teaching aids for both adults and children. The presence of teaching materials is one of the conditions for the effective implementation of the Program (FSES DO).
Recommended for all participants in the educational process - children, teachers, parents.
Partial programs for social and personal development
PROGRAM “BASICS OF THE SAFETY OF PRESCHOOL CHILDREN”
(R. B. Sterkina, O. L. Knyazeva, N. N. Avdeeva)
The program involves solving the most important social and pedagogical task - developing the child’s skills of adequate behavior in various unexpected situations. Developed on the basis of the draft state standard for preschool education. Contains a set of materials that provide stimulation in preschool childhood (senior preschool age) of independence and responsibility for their behavior. Its goals are to develop the child’s skills of reasonable behavior, to teach him to behave adequately in dangerous situations at home and on the street, in city transport, when communicating with strangers, interacting with fire hazardous and other objects, animals and poisonous plants; contribute to the formation of the foundations of environmental culture and introduction to a healthy lifestyle. The program is addressed to teachers of senior groups of preschool educational institutions. It consists of an introduction and six sections, the content of which reflects changes in the life of modern society and thematic planning, in accordance with which educational work with children is built: “Child and other people”, “Child and nature”, “Child at home”, “Child’s health” ", "Emotional well-being of a child", "Child on a city street". The content of the program reserves for each preschool institution the right to use various forms and methods of organizing education, taking into account the individual and age characteristics of children, sociocultural differences, the uniqueness of home and living conditions, as well as the general socio-economic and crime situation. Due to the special importance of protecting the life and health of children, the program requires mandatory compliance with its basic principles: completeness (implementation of all its sections), systematicity, taking into account the conditions of urban and rural areas, seasonality, age targeting.
Recommended by the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation.
PROGRAM “ME, YOU, WE” (O. L. Knyazeva, R. B. Sterkina)
The proposed program is relevant for all types of preschool educational institutions and can effectively complement any preschool education program. Provides the basic (federal) component of the state standard of preschool education. Developed in order to fill a significant gap in traditional domestic education related to the socio-emotional development of a preschool child. Aimed at solving such important problems as the formation of the emotional sphere and the development of the child’s social competence. The program also helps to solve a complex of educational problems related to the development of moral standards of behavior, the ability to build relationships with children and adults, respectful attitude towards them, a decent way out of conflict situations, as well as self-confidence and the ability to adequately assess one’s own capabilities.
Recommended by the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation.
PROGRAM “DISCOVER YOURSELF” (E.V. Ryleeva)
Dedicated to the most important problem of modern preschool education - the individualization of personal development of children two to six years old and the inextricably linked task of developing self-awareness in preschoolers through speech activity. The program is based on the principles of humanistic psychology and the author’s technology based on them, which allows you to personalize educational content, make it more flexible, adequate to the needs and interests of children with different levels of personality development and abilities. Covers several leading areas of the state standard of preschool education: “Speech development”, “Development of ideas about man in history and culture”, “Development of natural science concepts”, “Development of environmental culture”. It has a block structure, a concentric layout of educational material, which allows children to selectively assimilate the educational content of the program. The main thematic blocks of the program: “This is who I am”, “The world of people”, “The world not made by hands”, “I can” - provide the formation of ideas about significant areas of human life, allow for the correction of self-esteem, and prepare children to independently overcome difficulties. The program provides for the possibility of actively involving parents of students in the pedagogical process. Addressed to teachers of preschool educational institutions, teachers of educational institutions such as “Primary school - kindergarten”, psychologists, tutors, parents.
Approved by the Federal Expert Council on General Education.
PROGRAM “INVOKING CHILDREN TO THE ORIGINS OF RUSSIAN FOLK CULTURE” (O. L. Knyazeva, M. D. Makhaneva)
This program defines new guidelines in the moral and patriotic education of children, based on their familiarization with Russian folk culture. The main goal is to contribute to the formation of a personal culture in children, to introduce them to the rich cultural heritage of the Russian people, to lay a solid foundation in the development of national culture by children based on familiarity with the life and way of life of the Russian people, their character, their inherent moral values, traditions, and material characteristics. and spiritual environment. At the same time, the program addresses issues of expanding the basic personality culture of teachers in preschool educational institutions. The theoretical basis of the program is the well-known position (D. Likhachev, I. Ilyin) that children, in the process of becoming familiar with their native culture, become familiar with enduring universal human values. The program is designed to work with children three to seven years old, and includes long-term and calendar planning. Offers new organizational and methodological forms of work; contains information materials from various literary, historical, ethnographic, art and other sources.
Recommended by the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation.
"HERITAGE" (M.M. Novitskaya, E.V. Solovyova)
Goal: introducing the child to Russian culture, introducing him to such spiritual values that are the connecting link between people.
The program consists of blocks that have relatively independent meaning and specific tasks:
Block “Circle of Events” - built on the basis folk calendar introducing children to the life of nature, sensory and emotional development, the formation of a historical outlook through visual activity.
The block “Let's stand in a circle” is the social, emotional, sensory, physical and mental development of children based on folk games.
Block “Family Circle” - introducing adults to the best domestic traditions of family education.
The “Reading Circle” block is to introduce children to the best examples of Russian literature.
The authors have developed content materials for these blocks, holiday scenarios, folk games, bibliography. The authors use the agricultural calendar, traditional for Russian culture, which reflects the rhythm of the annual life of nature and man in interaction with it. The Orthodox calendar acts as a form folk traditions and memory of the history of the country and the world. Calendar memorable dates reminds of various phenomena and events of Russian classical culture.
"I AM HUMAN" (S.A. Kozlova)
Goal: to help the teacher reveal to the child the world around him, to form his idea of himself as a representative of the human race, about people living on Earth, about their feelings, actions, rights and responsibilities, various activities; on the basis of knowledge, develop a creative, free personality with a sense of self-worth and imbued with respect for people.
The program is aimed at developing a child’s worldview - his own vision of the world, his own “picture of the world”, consonant with the possible level of development of his feelings.
The program includes four large sections: “What do I know about myself”, “Who are adults”, “Man is a creator”, “The Earth is our common home”. Each section has several subsections that specify its content. All sections of the program are interconnected, they complement each other, although each has its own specifics, its own educational goal.
The program presents requirements for the level of mastery of all sections, and also offers recommendations to parents, educators and primary school teachers. The program has methodological kits consisting of workbooks, sets of flashcards and teaching aids for adults.
The author has written a textbook “Theory and Methods of Familiarizing Preschool Children with Social Reality,” which can serve as a technology for implementing the “I am a Human” program.
The program is approved by the Department of General Secondary Education of the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation.
PROGRAM "SEMITCVETIK" (V. I. Ashikov, S. G. Ashikova)
This program is designed to solve the problem of cultural and environmental education of preschool children - the initial stage of the formation of a spiritually rich, creative, self-developing personality. His actions and actions will depend on how a child learns to think and feel. The authors see the solution to this problem in the little person’s awareness of the sublime, refined and beautiful that the surrounding world, nature and world culture provide. Education of morality, broad outlook, development of creativity through the perception of beauty is the main feature of this program. Much attention in the program is paid to the joint creative activity of children and adults. The program is designed for use in kindergarten, various art and creative children's studios, as well as in home education.
Recommended by the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation.
Partial programs of artistic and aesthetic development
PROGRAM "HARMONY" (K. L. Tarasova, T. V. Nesterenko, T. G. Ruban / Edited by K. L. Tarasova)
The program implements a comprehensive, holistic approach to the musical development of a child in preschool childhood. The goal of the program is the general musical development of children, the formation of their musical abilities. The content of the program is determined by the logic of the development of musical abilities in preschool childhood at each stage. It includes all the main types of musical activities available to preschool children: listening to music, musical movement, singing, playing children's musical instruments, musical drama games. The central place in the program is given to the formation of musical creativity in children and the improvisational nature of classes. The musical repertoire of the program, new and extensive, is selected based on a combination of highly artistic and accessible to children works of classical, modern and folk music from different eras and styles; organized into blocks of topics accessible and interesting to children, fully presented in anthologies of the musical repertoire and partially in recordings on audio cassettes.
Recommended by the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation.
PROGRAM "SYNTHESIS" (K.V. Tarasova, M.L. Petrova, T.G. Ruban, etc.)
This program aims to develop the musical perception of children from four to seven years old. Has a broad educational aspect. Its content introduces the child not only to the world of musical art, but also to artistic culture in general. The program is based on the principle of an integrated approach, in which musical works are considered in a single complex with works of fine art and fiction. At the same time, the core art form in the program is music. The program included works of classical art and folklore accessible to children. For the first time, along with chamber and symphonic music, synthetic genres of musical art - opera and ballet - are used in teaching.
Recommended by the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation.
PROGRAM “PLAYING IN AN ORCHESTRA BY HEARING” (M. A. Trubnikova)
The goal of the program is to teach children aged three to six years old to select melodies by ear and play children's musical instruments (in an ensemble, orchestra). The program is distinguished by a fundamentally new method of teaching children to play musical instruments, based on selecting melodies by ear. Along with the development of an ear for music (timbre, sound, melodic) and a sense of musical rhythm, the program comprehensively addresses the issues of the general development of the child as an individual. The musical repertoire of the program consists of works of classical, modern and folk music, including new ones specially written for this program.
Recommended by the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation.
PROGRAM "BADY" (V. A. Petrova)
Goal: development of musical abilities of children of the third year of life in all types of musical activities available to them, introduction to early stage preschool childhood to the world of musical culture, high spiritual values.
The program is based on works from the classical repertoire, the rich range of which presupposes the teacher’s freedom to choose one or another piece of music, taking into account the level of preparation and development of a particular child. The program has significantly updated the repertoire of musical games.
This new program on musical education of young children (3rd year of life). It was developed by the author based on many years of experience in practical work with children.
The “Kid” program is designed for real opportunities for children’s musical development early age and variability of tasks in the musical repertoire depending on the characteristics of a particular group.
The program includes work with teachers and parents. The package of materials includes:
1. Program.
2. Reader of the musical repertoire.
4. Audio cassette recording of instrumental music for listening to symphony and string orchestras.
PROGRAM “MUSICAL MASTERPIECES” (O. P. Radynova)
Goal: formation of the foundations of musical culture in preschool children, development of creative abilities in various types of musical activities.
The program contains a scientifically based and methodologically constructed system for forming the foundations of musical culture for preschool children (three to seven years old), taking into account the individual and psychophysiological characteristics of children and interconnected with all educational work of the kindergarten. The program is based on the use of works of high art, authentic examples of world musical classics. The fundamental principles of the program (thematic, contrasting comparison of works, concentric, principles of adaptability and syncretism) make it possible to systematize the repertoire of musical classics and folk music in order to accumulate intonation experience in the perception of music, develop creative abilities in different types of musical activities, flexible application of forms, methods and techniques of pedagogical work depending on the age and individual characteristics of the children. The program provides an interconnection between the cognitive and creative activities of children in the process of forming the foundations of their musical culture. The author offers a clear system of work based on the use of works of art, authentic examples of world musical classics.
The program provides an interconnection between cognitive, value-oriented and creative activities of children in the process of forming the foundations of musical culture.
"INTEGRATION" PROGRAM (T. G. Kazakova)
PROGRAM “THEATRE - CREATIVITY - CHILDREN” (N. F. Sorokina, L. G. Milanovich)
The goal of the program is to develop children's creative abilities through theatrical art. It scientifically substantiates the stage-by-stage use of certain types of children's creative activities in the process of theatrical implementation; means and methods of theatrical and play activities are systematically presented, taking into account the age of children; Parallel solution of problems of artistic speech, stage and musical art is provided. The leading principle of the program is to involve children in productive theatrical and playful creative activities, creating stage images that evoke emotional experiences. The program is partial and can serve as a supplement to comprehensive and basic programs.
Approved by the Federal Expert Council on General Education.
PROGRAM “LITTLE EMO” (V. G. Razhnikov)
The goal of the program is the emotional and aesthetic development of preschoolers five to six years old, introducing the child to a full-fledged emotional and aesthetic culture: the child will be able to look at the world through the eyes of a poet, artist, musician; learn to compose and perform simple works of art. The program is based on children's mastery of artistic moods common to all aesthetic phenomena. Emotional and aesthetic culture is not forcibly mastered in the simplest forms of artistic activity, accessible to almost every child. These are rhythmic-sound improvisations, color improvisations and syllabic poetic rhythms; In artistic games, the child masters the creative positions of the author, performer and viewer (listener). The program provides for parallel training for both the child and the teacher. Intended for teachers of preschool educational institutions and art education teachers, as well as parents.
Recommended by the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation.
PROGRAM “BEAUTY - JOY - CREATIVITY” (T. S. Komarova and others)
It is a holistic integrated program of aesthetic education for preschool children, effectively promoting the spiritual and intellectual development of children in preschool childhood. It is built on the author’s concept of aesthetic education and the development of children’s artistic and creative abilities, based on the principles of nationality, the integrated use of different types of arts (musical, visual, theatrical, literature and architecture), and the sensory development of the child. It has a clear structure and takes into account the growth of creative capabilities of children from two to six years old. Includes all sections of work on aesthetic education in kindergarten. Along with traditional ones, the program also widely uses non-traditional educational means for aesthetic education - leisure and entertainment.
PROGRAM “NATURE AND ARTIST” (T. A. Koptseva)
The program is aimed at developing in children four to six years old a holistic understanding of nature as a living organism. The natural world acts as a subject of close study and as a means of emotional and imaginative influence on the creative activity of children. By means of fine art, problems of environmental and aesthetic education are solved, methods of dialogue between cultures, spiritualization of natural phenomena, fairy-tale play situations, etc. are used. Children are introduced to world artistic culture as part of spiritual culture. The program has a block-thematic planning. The main blocks “Natural World”, “Animal World”, “Human World”, “World of Art” contain a system of artistic and creative tasks that contribute to the transfer and accumulation of experience in preschoolers of an emotional and value-based attitude to the world, increasing the experience of creative activity, and developing skills and skills in fine, decorative and constructive activities, taking into account the age characteristics of children.
Approved by the Federal Expert Council on General Education.
PROGRAM “CONSTRUCTION AND MANUAL LABOR IN KINDERGARTEN” (L. V. Kutsakova)
Based on the concept of artistic and aesthetic education of preschool children. The main goal is to develop children's constructive skills and artistic and creative abilities, to introduce them to various modeling and design techniques. It is based on the integrated use of all types of design and artistic work in kindergarten. Designed for the entire preschool age - from three to six years. Provides a differentiated approach to children with different levels of intellectual and artistic development, including children with weak and strong motivation, as well as gifted ones. The selection of educational material for creativity meets the principles of preschool didactics and the age capabilities of children. Contains technologies based on the use of non-traditional teaching methods and techniques, allowing the teacher to develop in children associative thinking, imagination, creative skills, practical skills, artistic taste, and an aesthetic attitude to reality. Much attention is paid to the creative nature of the joint activities of the teacher and children.
Recommended by the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation.
Partial programs for physical development
"PLAY FOR YOUR HEALTH"(L.N. Voloshina, T.V. Kurilova),
The author's program “Play for Health” is based on the use of games with elements of sports. The program was created on the basis of meaningful experimental work at preschool educational institution No. 69 in Belgorod. It is addressed to kindergarten teachers, physical education instructors, and children's trainers. sports schools, centers, health camps.
Games and playful moments include a wide variety of motor actions and create a holistic learning system accessible to adults and children.
The use of games with sports elements proposed in the program enriches motor activity children, makes her versatile, responsible individual experience and their interest. Children who have mastered the program become initiators in organizing outdoor games in the yard, willingly offer their experience to children, and include adults in games.
The practical significance of the manual is determined by the presented notes physical education classes.
"SPARK"(L.E. Simoshina)
It is based on the provisions of the “Childhood” program. The content of the educational material is presented in two sections: theoretical and practical.
Theoretical assignments in the form of questions and answers are given at each lesson. In the practical part of the classes, it is recommended to use six options for motor-sensory organization of classes:
movement and breathing;
movements and visualization of the “picture of the natural world”;
movements and musical accompaniment;
movements and visualization of the teacher’s athletic appearance;
movements and temperature contrasts of the environment;
movement and positive emotional condition, as well as exercises of various types: health-improving, hardening, beautiful, fun, solemn and competitive.
The author claims and proves that one of the conditions for improvement physical condition preschooler is not the amount of physical activity, but the quality motor actions and consistent interaction with dosed exposure to cold - hardening.
The technology for implementing the program comes down to general and special preparation of the child’s individual plastic image in a role-playing environment and in the air.
"HELLO!"(M. L. Lazarev)
Goal: to help teachers and parents organize health-improving work with children of preschool age aimed at developing healthy lifestyle skills. The program and methodological manual are developed based on modern approaches to the education of preschool children.
The program material includes not only health-improving, but also educational elements that contribute to the development of the child’s personality. Music plays an important role in the program, which for the first time in the pedagogical literature on the formation of health is not additional material, A integral basis the entire course.
"HEALTH"(V. G. Alyamovskaya).
Goal: raising a preschooler who is physically healthy, diversified, proactive and liberated, with a sense of self-esteem.
1. Ensuring psychological well-being (“Comfort”).
2. Protection and promotion of children's health (“Health Troupes”).
3. Spiritual health (“City of Masters”, “School of a Small Entrepreneur”).
4. Moral health, introducing the child to universal human values (“Etiquette”, “Personality”). Programs cognitive development preschoolers
When we send a child to kindergarten, be it municipal, departmental, private or home, we are interested in “What will my baby do in kindergarten?” Unfortunately, very few parents have information about what program their child should follow while attending kindergarten. And it is advisable to receive this information not from the lips of the baby himself, but from a competent source.
So, for your consideration, dear visitors, we present a number of educational programs for preschool education.
According to current legislation, today kindergartens in Russia operate according to programs created scientific teams and teacher-researchers.
According to paragraphs 21 and 22 of the Model Regulations on a Preschool Educational Institution, approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of September 12, 2008 No. 666, the content of the educational process in a preschool educational institution is determined by the educational program of preschool education, developed, adopted and implemented by it independently in accordance with federal state requirements to the main structure general education program preschool education and the conditions for its implementation, established by the federal executive body exercising the functions of developing state policy and legal regulation in the field of education, and taking into account the characteristics of the psychophysical development and capabilities of children.
In accordance with the goals and objectives defined by the charter, a preschool educational institution may implement additional educational programs and provide additional educational services beyond the educational programs that determine its status, taking into account the needs of the family and on the basis of an agreement concluded between the preschool educational institution and parents (legal representatives).
Now about each program separately and in more detail
All preschool programs can be divided into comprehensive and partial.
Comprehensive development programs(or general developmental) - include all the main areas of child development: physical, cognitive-speech, social-personal, artistic-aesthetic; contribute to the formation of various abilities (mental, communicative, motor, creative), the formation of specific types of children's activities (subject, play, theatrical, visual, musical activities, design, etc.).
Partial development programs(specialized, local) - include one or more areas of child development.
The integrity of the educational process can be achieved not only by using one main (complex) program, but also by the method of qualified selection of partial programs.
COMPREHENSIVE PRE-SCHOOL EDUCATION PROGRAMS
- (M.A. Vasilyeva)
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- Program "Education and training in kindergarten"
Team of authors - M. A. Vasilyeva, V.V. Gerbova, T.S. Komarova.
Created based on Model program education and teaching in kindergarten, she is adapted version for Russian kindergartens.
Purpose of the program: protecting the lives and strengthening the health of children, their comprehensive education, training and preparation for school.
A new one was released in 2004 Kindergarten training and education program. The new Program is what practical workers in preschool institutions in Russia have been waiting for a long time.
One of its advantages is that in all types of children's activities at each age stage, primary attention is paid to the development of children's creative abilities and their individuality.
The ideological basis of the program was the most important ethical principles of the Convention on the Rights of the Child, which corresponds to modern standards child upbringing and development.
The authors have preserved the best traditions of the previous program: comprehensive, harmonious development of the child, clear definition tasks of education and training, continuity of all age periods of early and preschool childhood, focus on the regional component, as well as on preparing children for school. At the same time, the authors updated the general content of preschool education, the main directions of child upbringing, education and development, and presented them taking into account the psychophysiological characteristics of preschool children.
The program offers variable forms of teaching - each teacher can creatively use the content proposed by the authors in their work. The new Program maintained continuity with the 1985 program, but at the same time its structure was clarified and new sections appeared. For the first time, an aesthetic developmental environment is described in detail, recommendations are given for its creation, including the activities of the children themselves, their creativity and mastery of the surrounding micro- and macroenvironment. The new Program fills shortcomings in the field of spiritual education of children and their introduction to universal human values.
Great place The program focuses on children’s health, their emotional well-being, the use of physical exercise and outdoor games, and the development of motor creativity.
Fiction is highlighted in a separate section as a type of art and as one of the ways of children's intelligence and creativity.
The new Program has enriched the methodology of working with children, which is ensured by a number of already published manuals for teachers of preschool institutions.
Rainbow program
Authors: T. N. Doronova, V. V. Gerbova, T. I. Grizik, E. V. Solosheva and others.
Program Goals:
1.Keep children healthy and form the habit of a healthy lifestyle.
2.Ensure timely and complete physical and mental development of children.
3. To provide each child with a joyful and meaningful experience during preschool childhood.
The program is based on the idea that every year of a child’s life is decisive for the development of certain mental developments. Pedagogical work is based on theoretical positions on the leading role of activity in the mental development of a child and the formation of his personality. The creation of special conditions opens up a wide field for children’s independent actions, stimulates the setting of new goals, and allows them to look for their own solutions.
An essential point in pedagogical work It is also the creation of motivation in children that can be used and with their help to encourage children to willingly learn new things that adults will pass on to them.
On this basis, 3 types of motivation are proposed:
. gaming motivation,
. communication motivation
. motivation of personal interest.
The authors of the program called it “Rainbow” by analogy with the seven-color rainbow, because it includes 7 important types of children’s activities and activities, during which the child’s upbringing and development occurs: visual arts, mathematics; speech development, construction, music, movement, the world around us.
The program has a full set of methodological support and represents a holistic system of education, development and training of children in a kindergarten. .
The authors pursue the goal throughout preschool childhood to form such personality qualities as good manners, independence, determination, the ability to set a task and achieve its solution, and others that allow the child, without losing interest in learning, to fully master knowledge not only at school, but also at school. constantly. In this regard, the solution of educational tasks is primarily aimed at the upbringing and general mental development of the child. At the same time, the formation of knowledge, skills and abilities is considered not as an end in itself, but as one of the means of child development.
“Rainbow” is the seven most important types of activities during which the upbringing and development of a child occurs.
The program is recommended by the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation. Program "Childhood"
Authors: V. I. Loginova, T. I. Babaeva, N. A. Notkina and others.
The purpose of the program: to ensure the development of the child during preschool childhood: intellectual, physical, emotional, moral, volitional, social and personal.
The introduction of a child into the world around him is carried out through his interaction with various spheres of existence (the world of people, nature, etc.) and culture ( fine arts, music, children's literature and native language, mathematics, etc.). The program presents works of oral folk art, folk games, music and dance, arts and crafts of Russia. The teacher is given the right to independently determine the schedule of classes, content, method of organization and place in the daily routine. In a programme
a new important section has been highlighted: “The child’s attitude towards himself” (self-knowledge).
“Childhood” is a comprehensive educational program developed by the authors from the standpoint of humanistic pedagogy, a personal-activity approach to the development and upbringing of a preschool child. It includes three parts in accordance with the three stages of the preschool period (junior, middle, senior preschool age).
. Each part is based on general ideas that reflect the authors’ views on preschool childhood, its importance in human life, and the conditions for effective development in the preschool years.
The intellectual, physical, emotional, moral, volitional, social and personal development of the preschooler takes place in the activities that are closest and most natural to the child.
The entire content of the program is conditionally united around four main blocks:
“Knowledge”, “Humane attitude”, “Creation”, “Healthy lifestyle”.
For example, the “Humane attitude” block focuses children on friendly, caring, caring attitude to the world; The purpose of the “Cognition” block is to help preschoolers master a variety of accessible ways of understanding the world around them (comparison, elementary analysis, generalization, etc.).
Particular emphasis in the program is placed on introducing children to the natural world and instilling a caring attitude towards natural objects. The program has a complete set of methodological support.
"Origins" program
Authors: L. A. Paramonova, T. I. Alieva, A. N. Davidchuk et al.
The name of the program reflects the enduring importance of preschool childhood as a unique age in which the foundations for all future human development are laid.
In the “Origins” program, the child is the central figure of the educational process.
The purpose of the program: diversified development of the child; the formation of his universal, including creative, abilities to a level corresponding to age-related capabilities and requirements of modern society; ensuring all children have an equal start in development; maintaining and strengthening their health.
The program, which is humanistic in orientation, will allow the teacher, based on age criteria, to take into account the different rates of development of children and implement an individual approach to them. Psychological age does not coincide with chronological age, and one psychological age is not equal in duration to another. In connection with this approach, the program highlights psychological ages:
Early childhood(2 stages)
. infancy (from birth to 1 year)
. early age (from 1 year to 3 years).
Preschool childhood (2 stages)j
. junior preschool age (from 3-5 years)
. senior preschool age (from 5 to 7 years)
This division is determined by the fact that at the boundaries of the designated ages, significant qualitative changes occur in the development of the child, identified in many psychological research and empirical experience of education.
The program focuses on enrichment—amplification; and not on artificial acceleration - acceleration of development. Amplification mental development The child’s development presupposes the maximum realization of his capabilities, which are formed and manifested specifically in children’s activities. Unlike acceleration, it makes it possible to preserve and strengthen the child’s physical and mental health.
The program takes into account the specifics preschool education, fundamentally different from school. To achieve the unity of goals and objectives of raising a child, the program provides for meaningful interaction between the kindergarten and the family.
The basic program, which sets general guidelines for the upbringing, training and development of children, can become the basis for future variable and special programs.
Recommended by the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation. Development program
Authors: L. A. Wenger, O. M. Dyachenko, N. S. Varentsova and others.
The purpose of the program: to develop the mental and artistic abilities of children 3-7 years old.
The program focuses on developmental education based on the psychological theory of L. A. Wenger about the development of children's abilities.
The program, as the authors point out, is based on two theoretical principles. The first is the theory of A.V. Zaporozhets about the intrinsic value of the preschool period of development. The second is L. A. Wenger’s concept of developing abilities.
The program is aimed at developing children's mental abilities. When developing program material, we first took into account what means of solving cognitive and creative problems should be learned by children and on what content these means can be learned most effectively.
The program is designed for every age.
Particular attention is paid to developing ways for preschoolers to solve cognitive and creative problems.
Organization of work in all age groups involves conducting classes in subgroups of 8-10 people. While one subgroup carries out the teacher’s task, the rest of the children, under the supervision of an assistant teacher, are busy playing games or doing independent activities.
In addition to the traditional ones, the program includes the following sections: “Expressive movement”, “Artistic design”, “Directing acting”. The program is provided with detailed plans for each lesson and pedagogical diagnostics, and has a full set of manuals to help teachers.
Recommended by the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation. “Krokha” program
Authors: G. G. Grigorieva, D. V. Sergeeva, N. P. Kochetova and others.
Target: integrated development, education and training of children under 3 years of age.
Developed in the spirit of the ideas of humanizing family and public education of young children.
The uniqueness of the program lies in its wide range of coverage of the child’s development period, from prenatal (including the mother’s preparation for the birth of a child) to his adaptation to entering a preschool educational institution.
The program is addressed primarily to families and preschool teachers.
The program contains information materials on all areas of personality development of a child under 3 years old, as well as methodological recommendations.
Recommended by the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation.
PARTIAL PRESCHOOL EDUCATION PROGRAMS
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- Health-saving program “Fundamentals of safety for preschool children”
Authors: R. B. Sterkina, O. L. Knyazeva, N. N. Avdeeva.
Purpose of the program: developing in a child the skills of adequate behavior in various unexpected situations, independence and responsibility for his behavior.
In the 21st century, humanity faces one of the main problems - comprehensively ensuring the safety of human life.
The content of the program includes six sections: “Child and other people”, “Child and nature”, “Child at home”, “Child’s health”, “Child’s emotional well-being”, “Child on the city streets”.
When implementing this program, each preschool institution organizes education taking into account the individual and age characteristics of children, sociocultural differences, and the uniqueness of home and living conditions in urban and rural areas.
Due to the special importance of protecting the life and health of children, the program requires mandatory compliance with its basic principles
The program has educational and methodological kit: a textbook on the basics of life safety for children of senior preschool age and four colorfully illustrated handout albums for children.
Recommended by the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation.
Environmental education programs
Author: S. N. Nikolaeva.
Goal: education of ecological culture of preschool children.
The program can be used by any preschool institution that is moving from traditional introduction to nature to addressing issues of environmental education for preschoolers. The program contains five sections:
. the first two are devoted to revealing the relationship of plants and animals with their environment;
. the third traces their role in the process of ontogenesis - the growth and development of certain species of plants and higher animals;
. the fourth reveals relationships within communities whose lives children can observe;
. the fifth section shows different forms of human interaction with nature.
The “Young Ecologist” program includes a subprogram - it is designed to improve the skills of teachers and reorient their thinking from “familiarization with nature” to “ecological education”.
Methodological materials for the program “Education of environmental culture in preschool childhood” have been developed, which reveal a specific technology for environmental education of older preschoolers in a kindergarten, and present the planning of work with children throughout the school year by month and week.
Recommended by the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation. Program "Spiderweb"
Author: Zh. L. Vasyakina-Novikova.
Goal: formation of an integral system of knowledge and skills that develop planetary thinking in children based on the formation of a socio-ecological ideal; environmental education.
The program is applicable for various types Preschool education, but it may especially be of interest to teachers of those institutions for which environmental education is a priority.
The knowledge system embedded in the program consists of four large blocks of answers to the main questions that arise in children of this age: - “How do I live?”, “Where do I live?”, “When do I live?”, “Who do I live with?” ? — and compiled by age groups.
Recommendations for the “Spider Web” program have been issued, a specific technology has been developed for solving the problems of environmental education for younger preschoolers, and approximate distribution educational material for the year.
Recommended by the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation. Program “Our home is nature”
Author: N. A. Ryzhova.
Program for senior preschool and primary school age.
The main goal of the program is to educate from the first years of life humane, socially active, creative personality capable of understanding and loving the world around us, nature and treating them with care.
Particular attention is paid to the formation of a holistic view of nature and man’s place in it, environmental literacy and safe human behavior.
This program ensures continuity in environmental education of preschoolers with primary school in the subjects “The Environment” and “Natural History”.
Methodological developments have been published for the program, presented in a series of books by N. A. Ryzhova: “The Sorceress-Water”, “Invisible Threads of Nature”, etc.
Recommended by the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation.
Artistic and aesthetic cycle programs
Author T. A. Koptseva.
Goal: introducing children to world artistic culture as part of spiritual culture and forming ideas about nature as a living organism. The natural world acts as a subject of close study and as a means of emotional and imaginative influence on the creative activity of children.
The proposed system of artistic and creative tasks is based on target settings program “Fine Arts and Artistic Work”, developed under the leadership of B.M. Nemensky.
The program has a block-thematic planning. Main blocks: “The world of nature”, “The world of animals”, “The world of man”, “The world of art”. Program "Integration"
Author T. G. Kazakova.
Goal: developing visual creativity skills in preschool children; perception of fine art; the formation of artistic images, the formation of artistic abilities in children.
The author skillfully built a line of integration of all types of fine arts.
Schemes have been developed for the program to familiarize children with the fine arts (painting, graphics, sculpture, decorative and applied arts, design); types of activities with children (single-type, integrated, complex according to types of art); integration of types of activities.
The author proposes a technology for the development of visual abilities in young children, which provides targeted development the beginning of creative manifestations in art activities. The main emphasis is placed on the formation of emotional and figurative perception, artistic and figurative principles in drawing, modeling, and appliqué.
The author focuses on drawing with paints - gouache, which contributes to the emergence of associative images in young children. To help educators and parents, a system of classes has been developed, and the features of pedagogical guidance in the creative activities of young children have been revealed. In the book by T. G. Kazakova “Classes with preschoolers in visual arts,” in addition to notes, illustrative materials were selected and special notebooks were prepared. “Semitsvetik” program
Authors: V. I. Ashikov, S. G. Ashikova.
Goal: cultural and environmental education of preschool children, formation of the initial stage of a spiritually rich, creative, self-developing personality, education of morality, broad outlook, development of creativity through the perception of beauty.
The following blocks are highlighted: “Planet Earth”, “Sky”, “Art”, “Lights”; Thematic planning of work for the year and approximate lesson notes are offered.
The motto of the “Seven Flowers” program is education through Culture and Beauty.
Much attention is paid to the joint creative activity of children and adults. The program is designed for use in kindergarten, in art and creative children's studios, as well as in home education.
The program is accompanied by an anthology “About Heaven and Earth: A Fairytale Reader,” which includes folk tales and legends from different countries on the topics of the first two blocks. The authors have created the following manuals: “The Solar Circle”, “One Hundred Activities with Preschool Children, according to the “Seven Flowers” program”, “The ABC of the World”, “Lessons of the World”.
Recommended by the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation. Program "Design and manual labor in kindergarten"
Author L.V. Kutsakova.
Goal: development of design skills and artistic and creative abilities of children, familiarizing them with various modeling and design techniques.
The program contains technologies based on the use of non-traditional teaching methods and techniques, allowing the teacher to develop associative thinking, imagination, creative skills, practical skills, and artistic taste in children.
The author’s manual “Classes for preschoolers on design and artistic work” provides a detailed technology for teaching children to design using construction sets, paper, cardboard, construction, natural, waste and other materials. The selection of educational material for creativity meets the principles of didactics and the age capabilities of children. "Umka" program - TRIZ
Authors: L.M. Kurbatova and others.
Goal: development of active forms of thinking in a preschooler in unity with creative imagination, development of fantasy through enrichment of the subject-spatial environment of the kindergarten (fairy-tale, game, aesthetic, environmental, technical nature).
The program creates the prerequisites for a systematic vision of the world and its creative transformation.
Consists of three relatively independent parts:
. program for the development of thinking and creative abilities of preschool children - “Umka” - TRIZ;
. a program option that includes educational content for organizing work with children in intellectual and aesthetic development studios;
. subprogram that prepares teachers of preschool educational institutions for the implementation of the program for the development of thinking and creative abilities of preschool age “Umka” - TRIZ.
TRIZ is a technology with the help of which a teacher develops the qualities of a creative personality in preschoolers. The main means of working with children is pedagogical search. When teaching a child, the teacher follows his nature, i.e. uses the principle of conformity to nature. The credo of TRIZ members: every child is talented, you just need to teach him how to navigate modern world in order to achieve maximum effect at a minimum cost. Program "Harmony"
Authors: K.V. Tarasova, TV. Nesterenko, T.G. Ruban.
Goal: general musical development of children, the formation of their musical abilities in the process of basic types of musical activities: listening to music, musical movement, singing, playing children's musical instruments, musical dramatization games.
The peculiarity of the program is that it is based on the results of many years of scientific research on the development of musical abilities.
The program implements a comprehensive, holistic approach to the musical development of preschoolers. The improvised nature of some activities proposed by the authors is especially important for the formation of musical creativity. The program is methodologically supported by anthologies, audio cassettes, and recommendations for organizing work with children of all ages, taking into account their psychological characteristics. Program "Baby"
Author V. A. Petrova.
Goal: development of musical abilities of children of the third year of life in all types of musical activities available to them, familiarization at an early stage of preschool childhood with the world of musical culture and high spiritual values.
This is a new program for musical education of young children (3rd year of life). It was developed by the author based on many years of experience in practical work with children.
The “Baby” program is designed for the real possibilities of musical development of young children and the variability of the tasks of the musical repertoire depending on the characteristics of a particular group.
The program includes work with teachers and parents. The package of materials includes:
1. Program.
2. Reader of the musical repertoire.
3. Methodological recommendations for all types of musical education, as well as holiday matinees and leisure.
4. Audio cassette recording of instrumental music for listening to performance by symphony and string orchestras. Program "Musical Masterpieces"
Author O. P. Radynova.
Goal: formation of the foundations of musical culture in preschool children, development of creative abilities in various types of musical activities.
The author offers a clear system of work based on the use of works of art, authentic examples of world musical classics.
The center of the program is the development of children's creative listening to music, which involves encouraging children to demonstrate various forms of creative activity - musical, musical-motor, artistic.
The basic principle of constructing the program is thematic (the presence of 6 topics that are studied for one to two months and repeated on new material in each age group.
The program has developed methodological recommendations for teachers, a system of classes for all age groups in kindergarten, conversations, concerts, and entertainment.
The program provides an interconnection between cognitive, value-oriented and creative activities of children in the process of forming the foundations of musical culture.
The program is recommended by the Ministry of General and Professional Education of the Russian Federation
Programs for the social and moral development of preschool children
Authors: O. M. Knyazeva, R. B. Sterkina.
Goal: social and emotional development of a preschool child, the formation of his emotional sphere and social competence.
The program helps to solve a complex of problems related to the education of moral standards of behavior, the ability to build relationships with children and adults, to adequately resolve conflict situations, and to adequately assess one’s own capabilities.
The program includes the following sections:
. "Self confidence";
. “Feelings, desires, views”;
. "Social skills".
The content of the program is implemented on the basis of non-traditional variable lesson scenarios using a set of educational - visual aids for independent activities of children.
Methodological recommendations are given to teachers and parents. The kit includes educational visual aids: “What are you like?”, “What do you like?”, “Happy, sad...”, “We are all different”, “How to behave?”, “Who are you friends with?”
Recommended by the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation Program “I am a man”
Author S. A. Kozlova.
Goal: to help the teacher reveal the world around the child, to form his idea of himself as a representative human race, about people living on Earth, about their feelings, actions, rights and responsibilities, various activities; on the basis of knowledge, develop a creative, free personality, with self-esteem and imbued with respect for people.
The program is aimed at developing a child’s worldview - his own vision of the world, his own “picture of the world”, consonant with the possible level of development of his feelings.
The program includes four large sections: “What I know about myself”, “Who are adults”, “Man is a creator”, “The Earth is our common home”. Each section has several subsections that specify its content. All sections of the program are interconnected, they complement each other, although each has its own specifics, its own educational goal.
The program presents requirements for the level of mastery of all sections, and also offers recommendations to parents, educators and primary school teachers. The program has methodological kits consisting of workbooks, sets of flashcards and teaching aids for adults.
The author has written a textbook “Theory and Methods of Familiarizing Preschool Children with Social Reality,” which can serve as a technology for implementing the “I am a Human” program.
The program is approved by the Department of General Secondary Education of the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation. Program “Introducing children to the origins of Russian folk culture”
Authors: O. L. Knyazeva, M. D. Makhaneva.
Goal: to form the basis of culture in preschool children (3-7 years old) on the basis of familiarization with the way of life and the life of their native people, their character, their inherent moral values, traditions, and cultural characteristics.
Educational purpose The program consists of introducing children to all types of national art - from architecture to painting, from dancing, fairy tales and music to theater.
The program consists of three parts. The first contains specific recommendations for the implementation of the program and organization of the developmental environment in preschool educational institutions, and highlights the forms and methods of interaction between the teacher and children. The second part provides promising and calendar plans work with children of all age groups, the content of all classes is described in detail. IN
The third part includes applications: literary, historical, ethnographic, historical texts, a dictionary of Old Church Slavonic words most often used in fairy tales, proverbs, and sayings.
The program is recommended by the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation. Program “Development of children's ideas about history and culture”.
Authors: L. N. Galiguzova, S. Yu. Meshcheryakova.
Goal: to develop in children of senior preschool age the foundations of spiritual culture, a humane attitude towards people and their work, respect for the cultural values of different nations; development of cognitive activity and creative abilities. The program consists of four sections:
. primitive people;
. wonders of the ancient world;
. travel with a fairy tale;
. before and now.
The content of classes for each of the listed sections is presented in a separately published manual, which contains illustrations, games and simple tasks.
The program, at an accessible level, introduces children to the lives of people in different historical eras and gives basic ideas about technological progress. Heritage Program
Authors: M. M. Novitskaya, E. V. Solovyova.
Goal: introducing the child to Russian culture, introducing him to such spiritual values that are the connecting link between people.
The program consists of blocks that have relatively independent meaning and specific tasks:
. circle of events;
. family circle;
. reading circle
The authors have developed content materials for these blocks, holiday scripts, folk games, and a list of references. The authors use the traditional agricultural calendar for Russian culture, which reflects the rhythm of the annual life of nature and man in interaction with it. The Orthodox calendar acts as a form of folk traditions and memory of the history of the country and the world. The calendar of memorable dates reminds of various phenomena and events of Russian classical culture.
Programs for physical development and health of preschool children
Authors: Voloshina L.N., Kurilova T.V.
The author's program “Play for Health”, it is based on the use of games with elements of sports. The program was created on the basis of meaningful experimental work at a preschool educational institution
No. 69 Belgorod. It is addressed to kindergarten teachers, physical education instructors, coaches of children's sports schools, centers, and health camps.
Games and playful moments include a wide variety of motor actions and create a holistic learning system accessible to adults and children.
The use of games with sports elements proposed in the program enriches the motor activity of children, making it versatile, responding to individual experience and their interests. Children who have mastered the program become initiators in organizing outdoor games in the yard, willingly offer their experience to children, and include adults in games.
The practical significance of the manual is determined by the presented notes of physical education classes. Program "Spark"
Author L. E. Simoshina.
It is based on the provisions of the “Childhood” program. The content of the educational material is presented in two sections: theoretical and practical.
Theoretical assignments in the form of questions and answers are given at each lesson. In the practical part of the classes, it is recommended to use six options for motor-sensory organization of classes:
. movement and breathing;
. movements and visualization of the “picture of the natural world”;
. movements and musical accompaniment;
. movements and visualization of the teacher’s athletic appearance;
. movements and temperature contrasts of the environment;
. movements and a positive emotional state, as well as exercises of various types: health-improving, hardening, beautiful, funny, solemn and competitive.
The author claims and proves that one of the conditions for improving the physical condition of a preschooler is not the amount of physical activity, but the quality of motor actions and consistent interaction with dosed exposure to cold - hardening.
The technology for implementing the program comes down to general and special preparation of the child’s individual plastic image in a role-playing environment and in the air. Program "Hello!"
Author M. L. Lazarev.
Goal: to help teachers and parents organize health activities with preschool children aimed at developing healthy lifestyle skills. The program and methodological guidance are developed on the basis of modern approaches to the education of preschool children.
The program material includes not only health-improving, but also educational elements that contribute to the development of the child’s personality. Music plays an important role in the program, which for the first time in the pedagogical literature on the formation of health is not additional material, but an integral basis of the entire course. Start technology
Author L.V. Yakovleva.
In developing the program, the author was assisted by a member of the Federal Expert Council on General Education of the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation R. A. Yudina and an orthopedic doctor, head of the children's clinic of the Central Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Dr. medical sciences OK. Mikhailova.
The content of the program reflects many years of practical experience in teaching healthy lifestyles with preschool children (from toddlers onwards).
The author refused to distribute the material by age groups, justifying this by the fact that such an approach artificially inhibits the development of the child. The technology contains material on the use of acrobatic exercises, exercises on non-standard equipment for preschoolers, and stretching exercises.
The program consistently addresses the following questions:
. how to use standard and non-standard equipment when working with preschoolers;
. methods for diagnosing motor activity of children to determine their sports interests and abilities;
. recommendations for developing a work system, taking into account the conditions of a preschool institution;
. features of interaction between the physical education teacher and the group teacher;
. notes of physical education classes outdoors and in the hall;
. approximate complexes of health-improving gymnastics, exercises for breathing development. Health program
Author V. G. Alyamovskaya.
Goal: raising a preschooler who is physically healthy, diversified, proactive and liberated, with self-esteem.
The author proposes a system consisting of four main directions, each of which is implemented by one or more subroutines:
1. Ensuring psychological well-being (“Comfort”).
2. Protection and promotion of children's health (“Health Troupes”).
3. Spiritual health (“City of Masters”, “School of a Small Entrepreneur”).
4. Moral health, introducing the child to universal human values (“Etiquette”, “Personality”). Cognitive development programs for preschoolers Program "Preschooler and... economics"
Author A.D. Shatova.
The program is designed to work with children of senior preschool age and is aimed at ensuring that the child can: .
learn to understand and appreciate the surrounding objective world (the world of things as a result of people’s labor); .
About preschool education programs
Among the factors influencing the effectiveness and quality of education of children in preschool educational institutions, an important role belongs to the educational program. Modern differentiation of preschool education and the variety of types of preschool educational institutions imply significant variability in the use of programs and pedagogical technologies. In accordance with paragraph 5 of Article 14 of the Law of the Russian Federation “On Education”, each educational institution is given the right to independently develop or choose from a set of alternative programs those programs that most fully take into account the specific operating conditions of the preschool educational institution. In the context of the new educational policy of educational variability, a number of domestic programs and pedagogical technologies of a new generation have been developed. All programs provide different approaches to organizing the pedagogical process in kindergarten.
Letter of the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation dated April 24, 1995 N 46/19-15 "Recommendations for the examination of educational programs for preschool educational institutions of the Russian Federation"
All preschool programs can be divided into complex And partial.
Complex(or general developmental) - include all the main areas of child development: physical, cognitive-speech, social-personal, artistic-aesthetic; contribute to the formation of various abilities (mental, communicative, motor, creative), the formation of specific types of children's activities (subject, play, theatrical, visual, musical activities, design, etc.).
Partial(specialized, local) - include one or more areas of child development. The integrity of the educational process can be achieved not only by using one main (complex) program, but also by the method of qualified selection of partial programs.
Comprehensive preschool education programs
· Education and training program in kindergarten, ed. Vasilyeva
· Program "Rainbow"
· Program “From childhood to adolescence”
· Program "Childhood"
· Program "Origins"
· Development program
· “Krokha” program
Partial preschool education programs
· Health-saving program “Fundamentals of the safety of preschool children”
· Environmental education programs
· Artistic and aesthetic cycle programs
· Programs for the social and moral development of preschool children
· Programs for physical development and health of preschool children, etc.
About modern programs for preschool educational institutions
Programs developed by teams of authors in our country or borrowed from foreign pedagogy have undoubted advantages, originality of approaches to constructing pedagogical work and diversity of views on the child and his development. At the same time, each program may contain features that cannot always be undeniably accepted by every teacher. A greater internal assessment is needed of whether the theoretical concept of a particular program is close to the teacher’s worldview. The formal transfer of any wonderful program into the existing pedagogical situation will not lead to a positive effect. Therefore, knowledge of various approaches to organizing the pedagogical process is very useful and promising for future teachers.
Many programs were developed by serious scientists or large research teams who tested experimental programs in practice for many years. Teams of preschool institutions, in collaboration with qualified methodologists, also created original programs. In order to protect the child from incompetent pedagogical influence in the conditions of variability in education, the Russian Ministry of Education in 1995 prepared a methodological letter “Recommendations for the examination of educational programs for preschool educational institutions of the Russian Federation,” which indicated that comprehensive and partial programs should be built on the principle of personal- oriented interaction between adults and children and should ensure:
protection and strengthening of the physical and mental health of children, their physical development;
the emotional well-being of each child;
intellectual development of the child;
creating conditions for the development of the child’s personality and creative abilities;
introducing children to universal human values;
interaction with the family to ensure the full development of the child.
The recommendations state that programs should provide for the organization of children's lives in classes, in unregulated activities and in free time provided for a child in kindergarten during the day. At the same time, an optimal combination of individual and joint activities of children in its various types (games, construction, visual, musical, theatrical and other types of activities) must be laid down.
Currently, all kinds of programs and guides for raising and teaching children in preschool institutions have been published and distributed through various pedagogical seminars. A number of programs are the result of many years of work by scientific and scientific-pedagogical teams. All these programs show different approaches to organizing the pedagogical process in kindergarten. It is the teaching staff who will have to choose the program according to which this preschool institution will work.
Modern educational programs for preschool institutions
Rainbow program
Program "Kindergarten - a house of joy"
Development program
Gifted Child Program
"Origins" program
Program "Childhood"
Program “From childhood to adolescence”
TRIZ program
Program "Young Ecologist"
Program "I am a man"
“Friendly Guys” Program
Heritage Program
Program “Basics of safety for preschool children”
Program "Preschooler and Economics"
Expanding the educational space of modern preschool education
Using foreign experience in the work of preschool educational institutions
Pedagogy of Maria Montessori
Waldorf kindergarten
"Pilot School"
“Step by step”
Center for early socialization of children “Green Door”, etc.
(Literature: Modern educational programs for preschool institutions - M.: Publishing Center "Academy", 1999. - 344 pp. / Edited by Erofeeva T.I.)
What programs are there?
Programs can be comprehensive or partial. Comprehensive programs include all the main areas of child development: physical, intellectual, moral, social, aesthetic. And partial - one or more of the directions. As a rule, a kindergarten takes one of the comprehensive programs as a basis, but there are also kindergartens that employ strong teaching teams that combine comprehensive program with partial ones, adding their own pedagogical ideas. Until 1991, there was only one comprehensive program - Standard. It was precisely according to it that all Soviet kindergartens worked strictly, and thanks to it, our preschool education system was recognized as the best in the world. However, the Model Program greatly limited the creativity of teachers, did not allow an individual approach to each child, and its content did not correspond to the rapid changes in our society. Therefore, in 1991, it was allowed not only to make changes to it, but also to create complex, “with variations,” and original programs. By the way, the Standard Program, created by a team of the best domestic teachers and psychologists, is still “alive”. It has been reprinted many times, and adjustments have been made to meet modern supplement requirements. Many kindergartens still use it today. In particular, this program is very popular in Japan. An educational program is a document that defines the content of the educational process in kindergarten. It takes into account everything: the goals and objectives of teachers’ work with children, the main directions and forms of work, the organization of the environment in which the child is, the amount of knowledge, skills and abilities that the child must master before school. Each program also contains a set of methodological recommendations. However, according to the Law of the Russian Federation, only those programs that comply with the state educational standard and on the basis of this are approved and recommended for work in kindergartens by the Ministry of Education have the right to be called a document.
Overview of comprehensive programs
The first program we'll talk about is called " Rainbow " The team of authors are employees of the preschool education laboratory of the Institute of General Education of the Ministry of General and Professional Education of the Russian Federation. The program was developed under the guidance of K.P. n. T.N. Doronova.
Work on it has been carried out since 1989 by order of the Russian Ministry of Education. Where does this name come from? The authors named their program, figuratively comparing it with a real rainbow: seven most important types of children’s activities and activities, during which the child’s upbringing and development occurs. We are talking about: physical education, games, fine arts (based on familiarity with folk arts and crafts), design, music and plastic arts classes, classes on speech development and familiarization with the outside world, mathematics. One of the main ideas of the program is to create a “search” developmental environment in all areas of the kindergarten. It is believed that, having a naturally inquisitive mind, the baby will “get to the bottom” of the goal, then strive for new achievements.
Program " Development » was created by a team of authors from the Institute of Preschool Education and Family Education of the Russian Academy of Education. And Doctor of Psychological Sciences L.A. began to develop it. Wenger. The main idea of the program is that preschool childhood is a unique period in a person’s life. The authors emphasize that in no case should you put pressure on a child by imposing school forms of education that are alien to a preschool child. But it’s worthwhile, relying on the child’s natural abilities, to form his ideas about the world around him through play. The authors of the program pay special attention to the mental and artistic development of children.
Program " Gifted child " was developed by the same team of authors as "Development". This is a kind of “variation” of the previous idea, but intended to work with children six to seven years old who have high level mental development. The program is also aimed at developing the artistic abilities of such kids. The authors of the program “Kindergarten - a house of joy” - Ph.D. N.M. Krylov and V.T. Ivanova, innovative teacher. The “House of Joy” is based on the principle of interaction between parents, educators and children. The specificity of the program is that the teacher does not work according to a plan, but according to scenarios developed by the authors for a 12-hour working day. Every day in such a garden is a small performance for a child, where each child plays his or her role. The goal is to cultivate individuality in the child. In each age group, special attention is paid to the development of those types of activities that require maximum independence from the child: self-service, household work, games, productive activities, communication.
« Origins "is one of the most popular programs in modern gardens. Authors' team - research fellows Center "Preschool Childhood" named after. A.V. Zaporozhets. It was developed by order of the Moscow Department of Education as a basic development program for preschoolers. It is based on many years of psychological and pedagogical research conducted under the leadership of Academician A.V. Zaporozhets. And takes into account current trends in the development of domestic preschool education. The program allows the teacher to find an individual approach to each child. The goal is the diversified development of the child, the formation of his universal, including creative, abilities. As well as preserving and strengthening the physical and mental health of children.
Program " Childhood » was developed by a team of authors - teachers of the Department of Preschool Pedagogy of the Russian State Pedagogical University named after. A.I. Herzen. It is aimed at revealing the individual qualities of the child and helping him adapt to society. The peculiarity of the program is that all types of activities: various activities, communication with adults and peers, play, work, experimentation, and theatrical performances are very closely intertwined. This allows the baby to not only remember individual friend knowledge from a friend, but to quietly accumulate a variety of ideas about the world, master all kinds of knowledge, skills and abilities, and comprehend one’s capabilities. The program includes four main blocks: “Knowledge”, “Humanite attitude”, “Creation”, “Healthy lifestyle”.
« From childhood to adolescence o” - this is how the team of authors under the leadership of Ph.D. called their program. T.N. Doronova. The program is conceived and developed for parents and teachers raising children from 4 to 10 years old. Its fundamental difference from others is that it provides for a close relationship between the child care institution and the family in all areas of the child’s personality development.
Another program is “ School 2100 " Scientific supervisor and author of the idea - A.A. Leontyev. Authors - Buneev, Buneeva, Peterson, Vakhrushev, Kochemasova and others. The main idea is the implementation of the principle of lifelong education and continuity between preschool education, primary and secondary schools.
Partial programs
program TRIZ invented by G.S. Altshuller. TRIZ stands for the theory of solving inventive problems. Its goal is not just to develop the child’s imagination, but to teach him to think systematically, to make sure that the child understands the process and delve into it. The teacher in this program does not give children ready-made knowledge, does not reveal the truth to them, but teaches them to comprehend it on their own, awakening interest in knowledge. The “Young Ecologist” program was developed by Ph.D. S.N. Nikolaeva. It is aimed, as the name suggests, at introducing preschoolers to nature, environmental education and development. Using this program, teachers try to instill in children an ecological culture, the ability to observe and draw conclusions from their observations, and teach them to understand and love the surrounding nature.
"I am a human k" was developed by Professor, Doctor of Pedagogical Sciences. S.A. Kozlova. The program is based on introducing the child to the social world. With its help, it is possible to develop in a child an interest in the world of people and himself, to begin the formation of a worldview, the creation of his own “picture of the world.”
The team of authors under the leadership of R.S. Bure, Doctor of Pedagogical Sciences, professor of the department preschool pedagogy MPGU, created the “Friendly Guys” program. It is based on the education of humane feelings and relationships between preschool children. Another program is “Heritage”, developed by Ph.D. M. Novitskaya and E.V. Solovyova, is based on introducing children to traditional Russian culture.
The main goal of the program “Fundamentals of Safety for Preschool Children” is to stimulate the development of independence and responsibility for their behavior in preschool children. The program also teaches children how to react correctly in various life situations, including dangerous and extreme ones. Authors: Ph.D. N.N. Avdeeva, Ph.D. in psychology O.L. Knyazeva, Ph.D. in psychology R.B. Styorkina. The same team of authors created a wonderful program for socio-emotional development “I, You, We”. This program allows every child to open up, learn to manage their emotions and understand the emotional state of others.
The program “Preschooler and... Economics” was invented by Ph.D. HELL. Shatova. Its goal is to teach children to understand and appreciate the world around them, to respect people who know how to work well and earn a living. And in addition, understand at a level accessible to a preschooler the interrelation of the concepts “labor - product - money”. The program is designed for children of senior preschool age.
In “Golden Key” the pedagogical process is built on a family principle. The lives of children are filled with successive events, which makes an emotional impression on the child and resonates in his soul. Authors: Ph.D. G.G. Kravtsov, Ph.D. in psychology HER. Kravtsova.
The team of authors of the Nizhny Novgorod Humanitarian Center under the leadership of the candidate of pedagogical sciences G.G. Grigorieva developed the “Krokha” program. This is a program for the comprehensive development and education of children under three years of age. Its goal is to help parents realize the intrinsic value and special significance of the early period of a person’s life, to provide assistance in understanding their own child, in finding and choosing adequate ways and means, and methods of education.
“Program of education and training in kindergarten”, ed. M.A. Vasilyeva, V.V. Gerbova, T.S. Komarova(3rd edition M., 2005) is a state program document, which was prepared taking into account the latest achievements of modern science and practice of domestic preschool education and is a modern variable program in which all the main content lines of the upbringing, training and development of the child are comprehensively presented from birth to 7 years.
The program brings to the fore the developmental function of education, ensuring the development of the child’s personality and revealing his individual characteristics.
The program is based on the principle of cultural conformity. The implementation of this principle ensures that national values and traditions are taken into account in education and compensates for the shortcomings in the spiritual, moral and emotional education of the child.
The main criterion for selecting program material is its educational value, the high artistic level of the cultural works used (classical, both domestic and foreign), the possibility of developing the child’s comprehensive abilities at each stage of preschool childhood.
The leading goals of the program are the creation of favorable conditions for a child to fully enjoy preschool childhood, the formation of the foundations of basic personal culture, the comprehensive development of mental and physical qualities in accordance with age and individual characteristics, and the preparation of the child for life in modern society.
These goals are realized in the process of various types of children's activities: gaming, educational, artistic, motor, elementary labor.
To achieve the goals of the program, the following are of paramount importance:
Caring for the health, emotional well-being and timely comprehensive development of each child;
Creating an atmosphere in groups of a humane and friendly attitude towards all students, which will allow them to grow sociable, kind, inquisitive, proactive, striving for independence and creativity;
Maximum use of a variety of children's activities; their integration in order to increase the efficiency of the educational process;
Creativity (creative organization) of the process of education and training;
Variability in the use of educational material, allowing for the development of creativity in accordance with the interests and inclinations of each child;
Respect for the results of children's creativity;
Ensuring the development of the child in the process of education and training;
Coordination of approaches to raising children in preschool and family settings;
Ensuring family participation in the life of kindergarten and preschool groups as a whole;
Maintaining continuity in the work of kindergarten and primary school, excluding mental and physical overload in the content of the education of a preschool child.
It is quite obvious that solving the goals and objectives of education outlined in the program is possible only with the purposeful influence of the teacher on the child from the first days of his stay in a preschool educational institution. The level of general development that the child will achieve and the degree of moral qualities acquired by him depend on the pedagogical skill of each educator, his culture, and love for children. Caring for the health and comprehensive education of children, teachers of preschool educational institutions together with family should strive to make every child’s childhood happy.
Program structure: The program is organized by age group. It covers four age periods of children’s physical and mental development:
Early age - from birth to 2 years (first and second early age groups);
Junior preschool age - from 2 to 4 years (first and second junior groups);
Average age - from 4 to 5 years (middle group);
Senior preschool age - from 5 to 7 years (senior and preparatory groups for school).
Each section of the program provides a description of the age-related characteristics of the mental and physical development of children, defines general and special tasks of education and training, features of the organization of children’s lives, provides for the formation of necessary ideas, life important skills and skills in the learning process and their development in everyday life.
The program has developed the content of children's parties, entertainment and leisure activities. Approximate levels of development have been determined, which reflect the achievements acquired by the child by the end of each year of stay in a preschool institution.
The program is accompanied by lists of literary and musical works, didactic and outdoor games recommended for use in the pedagogical process.
Overview of partial programs
PROGRAM “BASICS OF THE SAFETY OF PRESCHOOL CHILDREN”(R. B. Sterkina, O. L. Knyazeva, N. N. Avdeeva)
The program involves solving the most important social and pedagogical task - developing the child’s skills of adequate behavior in various unexpected situations. Developed on the basis of the draft state standard for preschool education. Contains a set of materials that provide stimulation in preschool childhood (senior preschool age) of independence and responsibility for their behavior. Its goals are to develop the child’s skills of reasonable behavior, to teach him to behave adequately in dangerous situations at home and on the street, in city transport, when communicating with strangers, interacting with fire hazardous and other objects, animals and poisonous plants; contribute to the formation of the foundations of environmental culture and introduction to a healthy lifestyle. The program is addressed to teachers of senior groups of preschool educational institutions. It consists of an introduction and six sections, the content of which reflects changes in the life of modern society and thematic planning, in accordance with which educational work with children is built: “Child and other people”, “Child and nature”, “Child at home”, “Child’s health” ", "Emotional well-being of a child", "Child on a city street". The content of the program reserves for each preschool institution the right to use various forms and methods of organizing education, taking into account the individual and age characteristics of children, sociocultural differences, the uniqueness of home and living conditions, as well as the general socio-economic and crime situation. Due to the special importance of protecting the life and health of children, the program requires mandatory compliance with its basic principles: completeness (implementation of all its sections), systematicity, taking into account the conditions of urban and rural areas, seasonality, age targeting. Recommended by the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation.
PROGRAM “ME, YOU, WE”(O. L. Knyazeva, R. B. Sterkina)
The proposed program is relevant for all types of preschool educational institutions and can effectively complement any preschool education program. Provides the basic (federal) component of the state standard of preschool education. Developed in order to fill a significant gap in traditional domestic education related to the socio-emotional development of a preschool child. Aimed at solving such important problems as the formation of the emotional sphere and the development of the child’s social competence. The program also helps to solve a complex of educational problems related to the development of moral standards of behavior, the ability to build relationships with children and adults, respectful attitude towards them, a decent way out of conflict situations, as well as self-confidence, the ability to adequately assess one’s own capabilities. Recommended by the Ministry of Education RF.
PROGRAM “DISCOVER YOURSELF”(E.V. Ryleeva)
Dedicated to the most important problem of modern preschool education - the individualization of personal development of children two to six years old and the inextricably linked task of developing self-awareness in preschoolers through speech activity. The program is based on the principles of humanistic psychology and the author’s technology based on them, which allows you to personalize educational content, make it more flexible, adequate to the needs and interests of children with different levels of personality development and abilities. Covers several leading areas of the state standard of preschool education: “Speech development”, “Development of ideas about man in history and culture”, “Development of natural science concepts”, “Development of environmental culture”. It has a block structure, a concentric layout of educational material, which allows children to selectively assimilate the educational content of the program. The main thematic blocks of the program: “This is who I am”, “The world of people”, “The world not made by hands”, “I can” - ensure the formation of ideas about significant areas of human life, allow for the correction of self-esteem, and prepare children to independently overcome difficulties. The program provides for the possibility of actively involving parents of students in the pedagogical process. Addressed to teachers of preschool educational institutions, teachers of educational institutions such as “Primary school - kindergarten”, psychologists, tutors, parents. Approved by the Federal Expert Council on General Education.