Disabled children can be raised at home or attend kindergarten. In accordance with Art. 18 of the Federal Law “On Social Protection of Disabled Persons in the Russian Federation”, such children can attend special preschool institutions for children with disabilities or general principles attend a regular kindergarten preschool general type). The possibility of staying in a general preschool institution is determined depending on the child’s health condition.
Preschool educational institution teaches children according to general education programs preschool education different directions. It provides education, training, supervision, care and health improvement for children under seven years of age.
According to the Standard Regulations on a Preschool Educational Institution, approved by order of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation dated October 27, 2011. No. 2562 (hereinafter referred to as the Model Regulations on a Preschool Educational Institution), preschool (educational institutions include educational institutions the following types:
- kindergarten;
- kindergarten for children early age;
- kindergarten for children of preschool (senior preschool) age;
- kindergarten for supervision and health improvement;
- compensatory kindergarten;
- kindergarten combined type;
- a general developmental kindergarten with priority implementation of activities in one of the areas of development of pupils;
- child development center - kindergarten. The procedure for recruiting preschool educational institution regulated by the charter.
The preschool educational institution accepts children aged from 2 months to 7 years. Admission of children is carried out on the basis of a medical report, application and identification documents of one of the parents (legal representatives).
Children with disabilities health, disabled children are accepted into compensatory and combined groups of a preschool educational institution only with the consent of the parents (legal representatives) on the basis of the conclusion of the psychological, medical and pedagogical commission.
When admitting children with disabilities and disabled children to preschool educational institutions of any type, the preschool educational institution is obliged to provide the necessary conditions for the organization correctional work.
Based on the parents’ application and expert opinion, the child is admitted to one or another kindergarten, where persons with the necessary professional and pedagogical qualifications will work with the child. Teachers and specialists work with children attending kindergarten every day: instructor physical therapy, teacher-speech therapist, educational psychologist, pedagogue additional education(preparation for school), music director, director of a theater studio, teacher visual arts and others.
IN major cities, in particular in Moscow and St. Petersburg, a whole network of preschool institutions has been created for children with speech, hearing, vision pathologies, musculoskeletal disorders, mental retardation, as well as for children with general diseases. In small towns, urban settlements and other small populated areas As a rule, specialized preschool institutions for children with disabilities are not created. Disabled children have to attend general kindergartens or travel to the regional center.
In kindergartens they create special conditions for training and education of disabled children: sports and gyms, swimming pools, art studios, theater studios, music halls, herbal bars, etc. If necessary, children receive enhanced nutrition and massage, and are also under the constant supervision of a speech therapist or speech pathologist.
The educational process for disabled children can be carried out according to special programs. For example, in the Moscow Preschool Educational Institution No. 1790, in order to improve the health of children with pathologies of the musculoskeletal system, flooding is carried out ( air baths, rubbing, gargling), massage, self-massage, acupressure, hydromassage, herbal medicine, oxygen cocktail, breathing exercises, gymnastics after sleep, sessions using the Chizhevsky chandelier, “Maremed” sessions. For comprehensive assessment physical condition children are diagnosed three times a year physical development And physical fitness, swimming diagnostics, summary diagnostics and identification of the growth rate physical qualities; diagnostics according to M. Lazarev’s “Hello” program and determination of the level of maturity nervous processes. Physical rehabilitation work is carried out daily with disabled children, psychological correction, speech therapy work, counseling parents and teaching them corrective techniques.
Teachers and parents are ambivalent about the idea of educating all disabled children in one institution. On the one hand, many say that their child feels uncomfortable in the same group with healthy children. On the other hand, there are examples that prove that it is not always appropriate to draw a line between healthy child and disabled.20 It appears that the answer to this question depends on the baby's health condition. After all, children who have serious problems health problems, such as children with heart defects, diabetes or bronchial asthma undoubtedly need special care, and teachers working with such children must acquire special knowledge.
The Law of the Russian Federation “On Education” determines that the founders of educational institutions implementing the basic general educational program of preschool education, according to general rule may establish fees for maintaining a child in the specified institutions. yah, unless otherwise established by federal laws. However, for the maintenance of children with developmental disabilities, as well as children with tuberculosis intoxication, attending state and municipal educational institutions that implement the basic general educational program of preschool education, parental fees are not charged.
The rest of the list of benefits is established at the level of constituent entities of the Russian Federation. In many constituent entities of the Russian Federation, preferential fees for the maintenance of children in preschool educational institutions or free maintenance of children are provided if both parents are disabled people of group I or II, if the family of a disabled child is large, if the child’s family belongs to the category of families of military personnel and government employees Ministry of Internal Affairs who died in the line of duty.
Full or partial exemption from kindergarten fees, as a rule, is carried out on the basis of an application from the parent of such a child, to which is attached a certificate from the place of residence about the composition of the family, a copy of the child’s birth certificate and other supporting documents.
Information for parents on providing educational services children with disabilities in kindergarten
In preschool educational organizations, access to education is ensured for children with disabilities and children with limited health capabilities; carried out individually oriented approach to the selection and development of an educational route for each child, regardless of his level of development, disability and health status; the range of educational services is expanding and updating; All participants educational process are provided with highly qualified correctional, psychological, pedagogical and medical and social assistance.
In accordance with the Law on Education of the Russian Federation, special educational institutions are created for children with disabilities. educational conditions. Recommendations for creating special conditions necessary for the education of each specific child with disabilities in the city of Moscow are given by Central Psychological-Medical-Pedagogical Commission. based on the child's special educational needs. Parents have the rightbe present during the examination of children psychological-medical-pedagogical commission, discussing the survey results and recommendations received based on the survey results, expressing their opinion regarding the proposed conditions for organizing the education and upbringing of children (Federal Law No. 273 dated December 29, 2012, Article 74).
The parent of a child with disabilities must convey the recommendations formulated in the PMPC Conclusion to the head of the educational organization. Based on this document, the head of the educational organization will ensure the creation of special conditions required by the child with disabilities.
P od special conditions for obtaining education by students with disabilities (Federal Law No. 273 of December 29, 2012, Article 79): the conditions for the training, education and development of such students are understood,including the use of special educational programs and methods of training and education, special textbooks, teaching aids And didactic materials, special technical training tools for collective and individual use, provision of services assistant (assistant) providing students with the necessary technical assistance, conducting group and individual correctional classes, providing access to the buildings of organizations carrying out educational activities, and othersconditions without which it is impossible or difficult for students with disabilities to master educational programs.
Today in Moscow, most kindergartens operate in the form of preschool structural divisions of large educational organizations. Within the preschool departments there are groups of combined and compensatory types, full day and short-term stays for children with hearing, vision, speech, musculoskeletal, intellectual, and autism spectrum disorders, various diseases. Due to serious structural changes in the city’s education system, parents currently have objective difficulties in finding information about the availability of the necessary groups and conditions in each specific educational organization. On transition period experts suggest searching for information about educational organizations on website of the Moscow Department of Education, after selecting the educational organizations closest to your place of residence, it is recommended to contact the head of preschool structural units (via the organization’s website or by phone) and obtain accurate information about available groups and admission conditions.
Enrollment of children in groups of preschool structural units is carried out
Help for families with children with disabilities who cannot attend kindergarten can be provided in preschool structural unit in the short-term stay group "Lekoteka". The purpose of creating Lekotek is to provide psychological and pedagogical support for children from 2 months to 7 years with developmental disorders for socialization, the formation of prerequisites educational activities, supporting the development of children’s personality and providing psychological and pedagogical assistance to parents (legal representatives).
Video material:
Being together, experience in the development of inclusive education. The film is visual aid for parents, teachers and specialists working in the field of inclusive education. Director: Vladimir Gerchikov. The film was shot by the Telemost studio and commissioned by ROOI Perspektiva. We thank for participation in the creation of the film: Central District Education Department of Moscow, Education Centers ( secondary schools) No. 1429,1447, 518, health school No. 1321 "Ark", Kindergarten No. 288, Center for psychological and pedagogical rehabilitation and correction "Tverskoy", ROOI "Perspective", Moscow, 2010.
Hello!
In accordance with clause 7, clause 27 - clause 28 and clause 45 of the Order of the Ministry of Education and Science Russian Federation(Ministry of Education and Science of Russia) dated October 27, 2011 N 2562 Moscow “On approval of the Model Regulations on a preschool educational institution”
A preschool educational institution can carry out rehabilitation of disabled children if appropriate conditions are available in the institution.
Children with disabilities and disabled children are accepted into compensatory and combined groups only with the consent of their parents (legal representatives) on the basis of the conclusion of the psychological, medical and pedagogical commission.
When admitting children with limited health capabilities and disabled children to preschool educational institutions of any type, the preschool educational institution is obliged to provide the necessary conditions for the organization of correctional work, in groups for the supervision and care of children - conditions that take into account the characteristics of their psychophysical development.
P When including children with disabilities and disabled children among the pupils of a preschool educational institution, the material and technical base of the preschool educational institution must ensure the possibility of their unhindered access to the premises of the preschool educational institution, as well as their stay in these premises (presence of ramps, handrails, extended doorways, elevators, special chairs and other conditions). Children with disabilities and disabled children have the right to use the necessary technical means, as well as the services of an assistant (assistant) who provides them with the necessary technical assistance.
That is, a preschool educational institution is obliged to provide conditions for organizing correctional work with your child. In this case, your child has the right to use the services of an assistant (assistant).
LETTER OF THE MINISTRY OF EDUCATION OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION OF JUNE 7, 94 N 58-M (*1) ON THE REALIZATION OF CHILDREN’S RIGHTS IN ADMISSION TO PRE-SCHOOL AND GENERAL EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS explained
In accordance with the Law of the Russian Federation "On Education" (Article 32, paragraph 2 "o") *3, a preschool educational institution has the right to independently form a contingent of students within the quota specified by the license, unless otherwise provided Standard provision O this type educational institution and the Law. Admission of children to preschool educational institutions is carried out in the prescribed manner on the basis of an application from parents (persons replacing them). A preschool educational institution is obliged to provide supervision, care, education and training of children, taking into account individual characteristics every child. The selection of children into a preschool educational institution and their dropout from it is not allowed. With the consent of the parents and on the recommendation of a psychological, medical and pedagogical consultation, children can be sent to preschool educational institutions of a compensatory type or to other preschool educational institutions that have conditions for correctional work with children. Educational authorities based on a data bank about the priority for placement of children and the availability free seats in preschool educational institutions, they inform parents (persons replacing them) about the forms, content and methods of work of various preschool educational institutions and ensure that their educational needs are met as much as possible based on the existing conditions.
That is, a preschool educational institution is obliged to provide supervision, care, education and training of children, taking into account the individual characteristics of each child. The selection of children into a preschool educational institution and their dropout from it is not allowed. Therefore, the preschool educational institution has the right to recommend that you hire a nanny, but does not have the right to require you to conclude the specified Agreement.
The procedure for payment for the stay of a child in a preschool educational institution is established by RESOLUTION OF THE MOSCOW GOVERNMENT OF JANUARY 31, 2006 N 62-PP "ON THE REGULATIONS ON THE PROCEDURE FOR DETERMINING THE FEE CHARGED FROM PARENTS (LEGAL REPRESENTATIVES) FOR THE CONTENT OF CHILDREN IN PUBLIC EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS ENIATIONS OF THE SYSTEM OF THE EDUCATION DEPARTMENT OF THE CITY OF MOSCOW, IMPLEMENTING GENERAL EDUCATIONAL PROGRAMS OF PRE-SCHOOL EDUCATION, PRE-SCHOOL EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS OF THE SYSTEM OF THE DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH OF THE CITY OF MOSCOW AND PRESCHOOL EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS OF THE SYSTEM OF THE DEPARTMENT OF SOCIAL PROTECTION OF THE POPULATION CITY OF MOSCOW".
The monthly payment is set at 50 to 110 percent of the minimum wage approved by Federal Law No. 82-FZ of June 19, 2000.
The categories of families and parents (legal representatives) who are provided with benefits in payment for the maintenance of children and exemption from payment are determined. Payment for child support is made according to the actual number of days of his stay in a state educational institution.
According to clause 4- of the Resolution from fees for the maintenance of children in state educational institutions of the system of the Department of Education of the city of Moscow, implementing general education programs preschool education, preschool educational institutions of the system of the Department of Health of the city of Moscow and preschool educational institutions of the system of the Department of Social Protection of the Population of the city of Moscow are 100% exempt:
Families with a disabled child under 18 years of age.
That is, you have the right to be exempt from paying for the maintenance of a child in a preschool educational institution.
At the same time, there are no special requirements for the admission of children to preschool educational institutions of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation.
Sincerely, F. Tamara
Dear parents!
We would like to inform you that families with a disabled child(ren) are provided with a BENEFITS (“Federal” benefit):
free education and upbringing of disabled children in state preschool institutions (kindergartens)
(Basis: Article 18 of the Law “On Social Protection of Disabled Persons in the Russian Federation”)
Extract from the Federal Law "On Social Protection of Disabled Persons in the Russian Federation"
Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated June 18, 1996 No. 861 (as amended on February 1, 2005)
Because the this benefit established by federal law, it applies to all subjects of the Russian Federation. However, this benefit is financed from the budget of the constituent entity of the Russian Federation, as is directly stated in the law. Thus, each subject of the Russian Federation in its budget is obliged to plan funds for the upbringing and education of disabled children in preschool institutions in this region. At the same time, for parents (guardians, educators), the education and upbringing of their disabled children in preschool institutions will be free.
Besides, the federal law provides for the possibility of teaching disabled children at home, as well as in non-state educational institutions.
The procedure for providing these services is regulated by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated June 18, 1996 No. 861 (as amended on February 1, 2005). The text of this Resolution is given in the section " Regulations" to this benefit.
ATTENTION! According to the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated September 12, 2008. No. 666 “On the Model Regulations of a Preschool Educational Institution”, for the admission of disabled children to a preschool institution (kindergarten of any type), in addition to other documents, the conclusion of the regional psychological, medical and pedagogical commission is required. However, in some regions, such a conclusion is replaced by a certificate from the KEK of the district clinic at the place of residence of the disabled child in accordance with regional documents on staffing kindergartens (based on the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation).
Required documents for enrollment of a disabled child(ren) preschool age:
1. Birth certificate of the child (children)
2. Certificate of disability of the child (children), issued by the ITU Bureau
3. Medical card for a child in form 026/у-2000
4. Conclusion of the territorial (district) psychological-medical-pedagogical commission (only upon request)
5.Passport of one of the parents
6. Application for admission (enrollment) of a child(ren) in a preschool institution
Procedure
- Prepare an original and a copy of the birth certificate of a disabled child (children) of preschool age, who will be admitted to a preschool institution
- Prepare the original and a copy of a certificate from the Bureau of Medical and Social Expertise (ITU Bureau) about the disability of the child (children)
- Issue a medical card at the clinic at your place of residence in form 026/у-2000 on the child’s health status
- If necessary, submit the conclusion of the territorial (at place of residence) psychological, medical and pedagogical commission on the level of development, social adaptation and child health
- Submit the passport of the parent (adoptive parent, guardian) applying for enrollment of the child in a preschool institution (original and copy)
- Contact the commission for staffing preschool institutions (at your place of residence) and write an application for admission of a disabled child to a preschool institution, attaching all collected documents in copies).
Deadlines for submitting documents for enrollment
- Birth certificate of the child (children) - in accordance with the established procedure, working
- Certificate of disability of the child (children), issued by the ITU Bureau - in accordance with the established procedure, working
- Medical card for a child in form 026/у-2000 - in accordance with the established procedure, working
- Conclusion of the territorial (district) psychological-medical-pedagogical commission (only upon request) - in accordance with the established procedure, working
- Passport of one of the parents - in accordance with the established procedure, working
- Application for admission (enrollment) of a child(ren) in a preschool institution - on the day of application, 1 working day
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