Words of neutral vocabulary. The procedure for analyzing phraseological units

forms the basis of the verbal means of language. It is used in all varieties, both written and oral speech. Neutral words are used to name objects, properties, actions and communicate various information, without any assessment of this information by the speakers: book, house. theory, big, wooden, do, play, talk, always, there, our, this and many more etc.

Stylistically reduced vocabulary can be divided into two groups - colloquial vocabulary and colloquial vocabulary.

L eks i k a Conversational speech is characteristic primarily of everyday, relaxed speech; its use in bookish speech, for example in scientific report, is not always appropriate. Words of colloquial vocabulary have additional shades of familiarity, rudeness, contempt, disapproval, playfulness, irony, obsolescence: eatery(cf. dining room), bracelet(cf. bracelet), doctor's wife, general's wife(cf. wife of a doctor, general), very close, very close(cf. exactly, very exactly, very close), scribbling, scribbling(with a hint of disdain), braggart, scoundrel, beast, Arkharovite(with a hint of disapproval, close to swear words), lipped; toothy(with a hint of rudeness), bobak(about the clumsy, lazy man), bear(about a clumsy person with a hint of disapproval, and sometimes playfulness and familiarity), balk, make trouble, joke around, careless(cf. disorderly), blundering. blond(cf. blond), now(cf. today), poor thing(with a touch of familiar sympathy), Basurman(expletive) obsolete word) etc. (Words colloquial speech, which are swear words, are very close to colloquial vocabulary.)

Let's look at examples: /) Pechorin was unwell for a long time, lost weight, bad thing. (L.) In this sentence spoken word poor thing has a clearly expressed shade of sympathy. 2) It finally occurred to me that, by the grace of Telitsyn, I was working the mostb e a l a b e r n m way and spentp r o p a t b unnecessary labor and time. (Letters) In this example there are two words of colloquial vocabulary: careless And abyss. Their colloquial nature clearly appears when they are replaced with words of commonly used, stylistically neutral vocabulary: I, by the grace of Telitsyn, he workedoh very good p o r i d o c h n o i spent a lot of unnecessary labor and time. 3) Tentetnikov belonged to the family of those people... whose names u v a l n i, leonards, b a i b a k i and the like. (G.) This sentence contains three words of colloquial vocabulary: bumpkins, lazybones, boibaks. They have an added tinge of disapproval. 4) - I know I your secretary,” he said, getting into the cab.P r o u d o x a And b e s t i i... of which there are few. (Ch.) This sentence contains two words of colloquial vocabulary: rascal And beast. Both have an additional character of disapproval, approaching swear words.

Colloquial vocabulary differs from colloquial vocabulary to a greater extent expression. Many colloquial words have a connotation of rudeness, and therefore their use is typical only for

certain types linguistic communication- for familiar speech, various kinds verbal altercations, altercations, quarrels, etc. Compare words like mug, mug, deceive, bend over, eat etc. B speech practice literary talking people some colloquial words are often used intentionally - to enliven speech, to play out certain situations humorously, etc.

IN fiction colloquial vocabulary is used mainly for speech characteristics characters, as well as in some forms of author’s speech (when the narration is told as if from the character’s point of view), compare the so-called skaz, widely used, for example, in the works of M. Zoshchenko: Recently there was a fight in our communal apartment. And not just a fight, butPURPOSE the battle. They fought, of course, from pure heart. The last one for the disabled Gavrilovhead near o t t i p a l i .

Book vocabulary constitutes a significant layer of the dictionary. Here are examples book words: analogy, antagonist, antithesis, argumentation, indifference, calm, tastelessness(cf. word in common vocabulary bad taste), timelessness, anarchy, soullessness, silence, fratricidal, improvement, proportional, symmetrical, empirical, disinfect, differentiate, conduct, etc.

Book vocabulary is used in works of fiction, for example: 1)It was fullno wind (Leon.)(Book word calm with book suffix - no .) 2) Dark blueimmensity the sky sparkled with gems. (New-Pr.)(Book word immensity with suffix -ost.) Book vocabulary is also often found in critical and journalistic articles, For example: We must shatter the fairy tale aboutanolithic art. (V.M.)(Book word apolitical, it contains Greek elements.)

Book vocabulary is widely represented in scientific and popular science works, for example: Absolute cessation of all life func tion seed, even on a relatively small P e r i o d time, must inevitably entail the complete destruction of the seed. (Michurin.) This sentence contains book words absolute, functions Latin in origin, and period - Greek

Book words are not the same in the degree of emotional coloring (cf., on the one hand, words such as analogy, abstract, differentiate, and on the other - words with a touch of solemnity: accomplishments, coming, erect), by areas of their primary use (compare scientific literature and poetry). Depending on this, several groups of book words are distinguished.

Vocabulary is special various areas science and technology. The bulk of words in specialized vocabulary are terms. A term is a word with a precisely established content, denoting a concept in a particular field of science or production: multiplication, addition, divisibility, equation, trapezoid(mathematical terminology); mood, agreement, adjunction, addition, subordination of sentences, isolation ( grammatical terminology); digestion, blood circulation, metabolism(physiological terminology), etc.

Special vocabulary is found mainly in scientific research and textbooks. In fiction, special vocabulary in the past - in the 19th - early 20th centuries. - rarely penetrated. IN Soviet period special vocabulary is widely included in literary texts. In the works of F. Gladkov, L. Leonov, D. Granin and many others, special technical and scientific vocabulary, in the works of A. Novikov-Priboy, V. Konetsky - marine terminology, in the works of G. Nikolaeva, F. Abramov, V. Belov - special agricultural vocabulary, etc.

A peculiar layer of book words is the official vocabulary characteristic of official documents- laws, diplomatic notes, protocols and other types of business papers: the above, such, in view of, in relation to, plaintiff, defendant, protocol, personal appearance, disciplinary action, prosecutorial supervision, credentials, ratification of the treaty, authorized representative and under.

IN written language The sublime vocabulary stands out very noticeably. In the Russian language, the richest synonymy allows you to make speech solemn by selecting appropriate synonyms, for example: mouth(cf. lips), fatherland(cf. homeland), before(cf. before), because(cf. because), penates(cf. native places). Sublime vocabulary is characteristic of certain genres of poetry; At the same time, it must be taken into account that the nature of this vocabulary and attitudes towards it are changing. IN modern poetry, for example, some words typical of poetic language first half of the 19th century V.: cheeks(cheeks), kissing(kiss), virgins(girls), Brega(shore), swearing(war), Aurora(morning dawn) aquilon(northeast wind), ambrosia(food of the gods), anchorite(hermit), bard(poet), marshmallows(warm wind), etc.

Among the words of sublime vocabulary in modern poetry, for example, the following are found: mouth, lyre, herald, army, knights, radiant, crimson, find, sons, homeland, embraces, creators, coming etc., for example: I) The country presents awards to its militarysons . (Zharov.) 2)Radiant life sparkles for us now... (Rylsky.) 3) We will not flinch in the battle forfatherland my. Our native Moscow is dear to us. (Marmot.)

Words of sublime vocabulary are used in journalistic works for two purposes: as a means of solemnity and as a means of irony.

Here are some words and combinations that are used to create solemnity: warriors, great achievements, retribution, from now on, erect, in the name of and etc.

An ironic impression is created when something very ordinary or even base is described by means of sublime vocabulary, especially when words of sublime vocabulary are used next to words of colloquial and colloquial vocabulary. A master of using the means of sublime vocabulary for an ironic purpose was M. E. Saltykov-Shchedrin, for example: “He approached one cart, wants to launch his paw, but the paw does not rise; he went up to another cart and wanted to shake the man by the beard - oh, horror! - hands do not stretch out.”

Exercise 20. Indicate words and combinations of official vocabulary and explain for what purpose they are used in A.P. Chekhov’s story. Write by inserting the missing letters.

- Listen! Article 1081 of the Penal Code says that for any damage done with intent... railway when it could endanger the following transport on this road and the culprit knew that the consequence of this should be ( Not)happiness<...>could not (Not) know , To what does this unscrewing lead to?<...>
- Of course, you know better<...>
21. Copy by inserting the missing letters. Indicate words and combinations of official vocabulary and explain for what purpose M. E. Saltykov-Shchedrin uses this vocabulary.

Encouraged by the success of the first law, Benevolensky began actively preparing for the publication of the second. The fruits turned out to be quick, and on the streets of the city, through the same sacrament... a new and more simple law appeared, which read as follows:

Instructions for proper baking of pie.

"I. Let everyone sing pies on holidays, without forbidding themselves from such cookies on weekdays.

2. Let everyone use the filling according to their condition. Tako: when you catch a fish in the river, put it down; Having chopped the cattle meat into pieces, put it in; Having chopped the cabbage, add it too. Poor people put in tripe.
4. When they take it out of the oven, everyone takes a knife into his hand and, having cut out a part from the middle, let him bring it as a gift.
5. Let him who has done this eat.”
(M. E. Saltykov-Shchedrin. History of a city.)
22. Read aloud expressively; indicate words and combinations of military vocabulary and words of colloquial speech; then tell me for what purpose the poet A. Tvardovsky uses these words and combinations.
1) I came from the stop. I wouldn’t smoke shag,

To your dear village council. I wish I could get Kazbek.

I came, and there was a party. And I would sit, guys,

No party? Okay, no. There, my friends,

I went to another collective farm and to a third - Where as a kid I hid it under a bench

The whole area is visible. Your feet are bare.

Somewhere I’m in the village council and would smoke a cigarette,

I'll go to the party. I would treat everyone around

And, having appeared at the party, And to all sorts of questions

At least not proud man, I wouldn’t answer suddenly.

2) Allow me to report And the war - forget about everything

Short and simple: And you have no right to blame.

I am a big hunter of life, I was getting ready for a long journey,

About ninety years old. The order was given: - Leave!

(A. T v a r d o v s k i y. Vasily. Terkin.)
23. Read it out loud carefully. Indicate words and combinations of book vocabulary. Write by inserting the missing letters.

Never think that you already know everything. And, no matter how highly you are rated, always have the courage to say to yourself: “I am a n... ».

N... let pride take over you. Because of her you will persist where you need to agree, because of her you will refuse useful advice and friendly help, because of it you will lose a measure of objectivity.

In the team that I had to lead, everything is done by the atmosphere. We are all tied into one common cause, and everyone moves it according to their strength and capabilities. With us, you can often not tell what is “mine” and what is “yours,” but our common cause only benefits from this.

(Academician I. P. P a v l o v.)
24. Read carefully; indicate words and combinations of special vocabulary; tell me what branch of science they belong to. Write by inserting the missing letters.

Once upon a time, somewhere a ray of... the sun fell to the ground, but it did not fall on barren soil, it fell on a green blade of wheat sprout, or, better said, on a chlorophyll grain. Hitting against it, it went out, ceased to be a light, but did not... disappear. He only spent on internal work, he cut, broke the connection between the particles of carbon and oxygen, connected in carbon dioxide. The liberated carbon combined with water to form starch.

This starch, turning into soluble sugar, after long wanderings through the plant, was finally deposited in the grain in the form of starch or in the form of gluten. In one form or another, it became part of the bread that served us as food. He was transformed into our muscles, into our nerves. And now the carbon atoms in our bodies strive to reconnect with oxygen, which the blood carries to all ends of our body. At the same time, the tin... of the sun, hidden in them in the form of chemical tension, again takes the form of obvious force. This ray of... the sun warms us. He sets us in motion. Perhaps at this moment it is playing in our brain.

(K. A. T i m i r y z e v.)
25. Read expressively; indicate words and combinations of sublime vocabulary.
1) I would like to live and live,

rushing through the years.

But in the end I want -

there are no other desires -

I want to meet

my hour of death

how I met death

Comrade Nette.

(V. V. M a y a k o v s k i y.)
2) And, listening to the sound of spring,

Among the enchanted grasses,

I would still lie and think, I think

Boundless fields and oak forests.

(N.A. Z abolotsk iy.)

The Almighty God has risen and judged

Earthly gods in their host;

How long, rivers, how long will you be

Spare the unrighteous and evil?

Your duty is: to preserve the laws,

Don't look at the faces of the strong,

No help, no defense

Do not leave orphans and widows.

Your duty: to save the innocent from harm,

Give cover to the unlucky;

To protect the powerless from the strong,

Free the poor from their shackles.

(G. R. Derzhavin.)
26. Read expressively; indicate words and combinations of various stylistic layers.

I would be a wolf

bureaucracy.

To the mandates

there is no respect.

to hell with their mothers

any piece of paper.

(V. V. M a y a k o v s k i y.)
4. Vocabulary of the modern Russian language from the point of view of its origin

Neutral vocabulary- these are words not attached to a certain style speeches having stylistic synonyms(book, colloquial, vernacular), against the background of which they are deprived stylistic coloring. Thus, the word wander is neutral in comparison with the book wander and the colloquial stagger, hang around; future - in comparison with the book future; look - in comparison with gaze; eyes - compared to eyes.
Neutral vocabulary can be freely used in various fields, styles and conditions of communication, without bringing special stylistic feature, for example: house, hand, read, speak, light, beautiful, etc. They are ubiquitous, their use is not limited in any way. In this case we usually talk about linguistic units zero (or neutral) stylistic level.
49.Book vocabulary.
Book vocabulary is vocabulary presented in scientific, fiction, journalism, and official business documents. This category of words is usually used in writing and is inappropriate orally. In this group, there is a numerical predominance of words that do not express any emotional assessment; quite often they denote those concepts that are not found in everyday communication, but at the same time they may not apply to scientific terminology(hypothesis, prevail, pompous). The degree of bookishness of such words can be different - both not very distinct, moderate (argumentation, burdensome, immemorial, very), and pronounced (hypertrophied, because, lapidary, prerogative). Within the book vocabulary there are also emotionally charged words. Some of them give positive assessment certain processes, actions, properties and phenomena (persona, destined, panacea), others - negative or disapproving (vandalism, insinuation, obscurantism). Inside a bookstore, lofty and poetic vocabulary can stand out. For high vocabulary characterized by special solemnity and elation. It is often used in oratorical speech, especially in cases where some significant events in the history of the country, the life of the people, etc. are affected. (accomplishment, sovereign, erect, from now on). Poetic vocabulary also adjacent to the solemn, but it is more characteristic of fiction, sometimes journalism (azure, boundless, more beautiful, dreams, muse, blush).
50. Colloquial and colloquial vocabulary.

According to the degree of literature oral vocabulary divided by two large groups:
1) Colloquial vocabulary;
2) Colloquial vocabulary.
Colloquial vocabulary includes words that give speech a touch of ease and informality. From the point of view of belonging to different parts speech, colloquial vocabulary, like neutral vocabulary, is varied. It includes:
1) Nouns: Big guy, witty, nonsense;
2) Adjectives: Careless, slack;
3) Adverbs: At random, in one’s own way;
4) Verbs: Take aback, boast, hack;
5) Interjections: Lie, bai, oh.
Colloquial vocabulary is “lower” in style than colloquial vocabulary, so it is outside the strictly standardized Russian literary speech. In colloquial vocabulary, three groups can be distinguished: 1) Roughly expressive vocabulary is grammatically represented by nouns, adjectives, adverbs, verbs:
Big guy, bore, idiot;
Ragged, pot-bellied;
Totally, lousy, foolishly;
To snooze, to deceive, to swell.
1) Roughly expressive words often sound insufficient in speech educated people, characterizing their cultural level. The expressiveness of these words, their emotional and semantic capacity sometimes make it possible to briefly and expressively show an attitude (most often negative) to an object, person, or phenomenon. "(Freak! You can't outdo Tulin anyway. You're one of the breed of mugs")
2) Rough vernacular
These words have a strong expression, the ability to convey negative attitude speaking to any phenomena. Excessive rudeness makes this vocabulary unacceptable in speech cultured people(grunt, mug, turnip, butterfly).
3) Properly colloquial vocabulary to which a relatively small number of words belong.
The unliterary nature of these words is explained not by their rudeness (they are not rude in meaning and expressive coloring), but by the fact that they are not recommended for use in the speech of cultured people:
Just now, ahead of time, probably, born, dad, etc.
Proper colloquial vocabulary is also called vernacular and differs from dialect only in that it is used both in the city and in the countryside.

Neutral vocabulary, common vocabulary, interstyle vocabulary, is one of the main categories literary vocabulary, along with book vocabulary(mass media colloquial vocabulary(cm.); consists of words that are widespread in all functional and stylistic variants literary language. N. l. intended for ascertaining, non-evaluative, non-terminological designation of objects, concepts Everyday life, natural phenomena, periods of a person’s life and states of his life, periods of time, measures of length, weight, volume, etc. It is devoid of expression, emotional and social assessments.
N. l. is the starting point in the “scale of expressiveness”, according to the cut lit. vocabulary according to the main categories: interstyle (neutral), bookish (increased expression) and colloquial (lower, or reduced, expression). N. l. is the background against which and thanks to which the expressive and emotional properties of book and colloquial writing are manifested in all their diversity. vocabulary. Among the stylistic synonyms of N.l. is a semantic (semantic) dominant synonymous series and a kind of axis around which the paradigm of the “scale of expressiveness” and functional and stylistic differentiation of lit. is built. vocabulary, e.g.: parade (bookish, high) -
walk (neutral) - trudge (colloquial, reduced); head (bookish, high) - head (neutral) - head (colloquial, familiar). N.l. compared (contrasted), therefore, with book and colloquial vocabulary in terms of the absence/presence of expressive coloring, as well as along the boundaries of distribution in literature. language (N.L. is commonly used, and the other two categories are limited to the framework of predominant distribution in book and colloquial speech, respectively).
However, there is no strict framework for identifying N. l. in real speech communication carriers of lit. there is no language. Firstly, in the semantic structure of a significant part of N.L. there are book and colloquial books. meanings (or shades), and therefore the corresponding expressive coloring, which “appears” when a given word is used in such meanings. Yes, St. 1850 neutral words (according to the “Dictionary of the Russian Language” by S. Ozhegov, 11th ed., 1975) have expressively colored colloquial words. meanings, eg: run, lean, crawl, etc.; the verb to touch has bookish and colloquial. meanings. Secondly, the composition of N.L. historically changeable, constantly replenished due to book and colloquial literature. vocabulary (for example: indisputable, indeed, TV, blemish, comb, partner, etc.), certain words acquire stylistically colored meanings, for example: birthday man - “the one who has a birthday” (colloquial), work out - “to subject someone to sharp criticism” (colloquial).
N. l. makes up the main part (approx. /a) lit. vocabulary is the basis for its quantitative growth, stylistic development, and stylistic diversity. Basic character of N.l. is defined as its quantitative predominance in the vocabulary of lit. language, and features of semantics, as well as features of compatibility (see Collocation). The meanings of such words are very capacious. N.l. characterized by complicated semantic structure, subtle nuances of meanings and their shades (for example, the verb to go in the “Explanatory Dictionary of the Russian Language” edited by D. N. Ushakov has 40 meanings); for N. l. characterized by wide compatibility possibilities. All this determines the special expressiveness of N. l. (despite the lack of expressive coloring): thanks to the semantic capacity of N.L. under the influence of context, phraseological environment, it can be used in figurative and expansive senses while maintaining the basic semantics to convey new facets of content and subjective modality. N. l. serves as a basis for the formation phraseological units different stylistic status. Neutral words act as their constructive elements, ch. arr. as a supporting component of a phraseological unit (see, for example, phraseological units with the words head, go/walk, stand, etc.: dizzy, keep up, stand taller someone or something. and so on.).

Neutral and stylistically colored vocabulary. In every developed literary language vocabulary distributed stylistically. There are neutral words, i.e. those that can be used in any genre and style of speech (in oral and written speech, in public speaking and in telephone conversation, V newspaper article and in poetry, in fiction and in scientific text and so on.). These are, first of all, the words of the main vocabulary fund in direct meanings: forehead, eye, earth, mountain, river, house, table, dog, horse, homeland, eat, work, sleep. Compared to such neutral, stylistically uncolored words, other words can be either “ high style» (brow, eyes, belly, homeland, horse, eat, rest), or "low" (clothes, mugs, bowler hat, belly, eat, bum, junk, shudder, the other day).

Thus, Lomonosov’s “theory of three calms” turns out to be not only historically justified in relation to the Russian literary language of the 18th century, but also contains a very important theoretical grain: speech styles are correlative, and any style is primarily correlated with neutral, zero; other styles diverge from this neutral opposite sides: some with a “coefficient” plus as “high”, others with a “coefficient” minus as “low” (cf. neutral There is, high eat and low eat and so on.).

Within one or another style (except neutral!) there may be its own divisions: in “high” - poetic, rhetorical, pathetic, “academic”, special technical, etc.; in “low” – colloquial, familiar, vulgar, etc.

For each language there are different sources for compiling the vocabulary of “high” and “low” styles.

In the Russian literary language, the sources of the “high” style can be primarily Slavicisms or them similar words(Not forehead, A brow, Not lips, A mouth, Not died, A died, no homeland, A fatherland, Not watchman, A guard, Not gates, A gate, Not city, A hail, Not nipples, A nipples, Not I'm suffering A suffering and so on.); in addition, in other genres this role can be played by Greek-Latin and other international words (not world, A space, Not invader, A occupant, Not import And export, A import And export, Not criminal, A criminal, Not abscess, A abscess, Not component, A ingredient and so on.).

The sources of the “low” style can be their original Russian words, if the place of the corresponding neutral word is replaced by Slavicism (not cloth, A clothes, Not Evdokia, A Ovdotya or Avdotya 1) if neutral word own, Russian, then the words of the “low” style are taken from vernacular, dialects and jargons (not again, A back, Not hut, A hut, Not young woman, A girl, Not young man, A boy, Not There is, A to be naughty Not eyes, A zenki, Not steal, A whistle, slam, steal, Not absent-minded person A dishevel and so on.).

Accordingly, for example, in the English literary language, the neutral style is formed primarily by words of Anglo-Saxon origin, in the “high” style are words of French and Greco-Latin origin, and in the “low” style are words from slang, professional speech and dialectisms.

For French XVI century the source of the “high” style was Italian language, and for German language XVII–XVIII centuries - French. Norms of the Russian literary language of the 18th century. in relation to the distribution of words by style are described in detail by Lomonosov in “Discussions on the usefulness of church books in Russian language" 1 .

All of the above allows us to draw some conclusions about the system in vocabulary.

1) It is impossible to describe a vocabulary system by the objects it names. Vocabulary can name phenomena of nature, and phenomena of technology, culture, mental life of people; That's why there is vocabulary in a language, so that the speaker of this language could name everything he needed in his social and even personal practice. But the system of the called must disperse into the regions of the called, this is a system of objects different sciences: geology, botany, zoology, physics, chemistry, etc. Moreover, many objects can have several names (synonymy), but these names as words will not represent the language system.

2) The same should be said about the system of concepts, although concepts are not just objects of reality, but “casts” in people’s minds, reflecting the system of objects of objective reality, but these are also not words. The study of the system of concepts, their relationships and their elements is very important task science, but not the subject of linguistics.

3) Thus, “the lexical system of a language has nothing to do with the ordering of the vocabulary of a given language into subject (extra-linguistic) categories, as is done in “subject”, “thematic” and “ideological” dictionaries. It cannot be reduced to a system of “semantic fields” or “lexical-semantic groups”, since the latter are only one (albeit quite important) of structural elements"lexical system" 1.

This idea is developed in a more constructive way by Yu. D. Apresyan: “... the semantic content of a word is not something self-sufficient. It is entirely determined by the relationships that develop in the network of oppositions of this word another word of the same field. According to the idea and terminology of F. de Saussure, it has not meaning, but significance”, “... in order to return linguistics... unity, semantic fields should be obtained not on the conceptual, but on linguistic basis, not from the side of logic, but from the side of linguistics..." 1

4) Everything said requires clarification. First, what is meaning and what is significance? The meaning of a word is the relation of the word to the object or phenomenon it denotes, i.e. the relation of a fact of language to an extra-linguistic fact (thing, phenomenon, concept), while significance is its own, linguistic property of the word, obtained by the word because the word is a member lexical system language.

The meaning of words such as 1) There is, 2)face, 3) scream is determined by their relations:

1) for eat: taste, eat, devour, gobble, crack, sham;

2) for face: face, physiognomy, muzzle, mug, mug, snout, mug, image, rump;

3) for shout: shout, scream, yell, roar.

The significance of a word is determined in the same way as the significance of other language units (phonemes, morphemes...) - by correlation in one row.

The series for determining the significance of a word is called lexical field 1 . Lexical field is not a region homogeneous objects reality and not the area homogeneous concepts, and the sector of vocabulary, united by the relations of parallelism (synonyms), contrast (antonyms) and concomitance (metonymic and synecdochic connections of words), and most importantly, various kinds oppositions. Only within the lexical field can a word receive its significance, just as a phoneme can gain its meaning. In no case should the concept of context (see above, § 20) and field be confused. Context is the area of use of a word, speech, and field is the sphere of its existence in the language system.

The meaning of NEUTRAL VOCABULARY in the Dictionary of Linguistic Terms

NEUTRAL VOCABULARY

Words that are not attached to a specific style of speech, having stylistic synonyms (book, colloquial, colloquial), against the background of which they are devoid of stylistic coloring. So, tin wander is neutral in comparison with the book wander and the colloquial stagger, wander around; future - in comparison with the book future; look - in comparison with gaze; eyes - compared to eyes. Wed also (a stylistically neutral synonym is given first): naked - naked; proof - argument; fragrant - fragrant - fragrant;

eat - eat, eat; complain - complain;

take care - please; delay - delay, procrastination; curly - curly; to lie - to lie; interfere - hinder; husband - spouse; hope - hope, aspiration; in vain - in vain; promise - promise; to deceive - to cheat; duel - single combat; death - demise; die - die; bury - bury. Wed : commonly used cross-style vocabulary.

Dictionary of linguistic terms. 2012

Words of neutral vocabulary. The procedure for analyzing phraseological units

The meaning of NEUTRAL VOCABULARY in the Dictionary of Linguistic Terms

See also interpretations, synonyms, meanings of the word and what NEUTRAL VOCABULARY is in Russian in dictionaries, encyclopedias and reference books: