Scientific articles on historical topics. The most interesting historical facts about different things

1. Afanasyeva Vladislava Sergeevna. Use of slave labor There is a review.
Co-authors: Scientific director: Gavrilov Kirill Vladimirovich, assistant at the Department of Theory and History of State and Law, Ulyanovsk State University
This article, within the framework of historical research, examines the use slave labor V Ancient Greece and Rome, as well as at present. Punishment for using slave labor.

2. Zhdankina Ksenia Vitalievna. Death penalty in Russia There is a review.
Co-authors: Gavrilov Kirill Vladimirovich, assistant at the Department of Theory and History of State and Law, Ulyanovsk State University
This Research Article is devoted to such a type of punishment as the death penalty. History of occurrence, analysis of the reasons for its appearance, types death penalty, for which crimes the death penalty is provided. The goal is to explore the concept of the death penalty.

3. Terzi Elena Stanislavovna. DEVELOPMENT OF HIGHER EDUCATION IN DONBASS IN THE 1970s - 1980s. (BASED ON THE EXAMPLE OF DONETSK STATE UNIVERSITY) There is a review.
This article is devoted to studying the issue of the development of higher education in the Donbass in the 70s–80s. XX century using the example of the activities of Donetsk State University (DonSU), the first classical university in the region. Focused on organizational structure, as well as logistical support for departments and divisions of the university.

4. Ovsyannikov Evgeniy Aleksandrovich. The impact of territorial disputes around the Kuril Islands on Russian-Japanese relations There is a review.
Co-authors: Aronov Dmitry Vladimirovich, Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor, Head of the Department of History legal doctrines Oryol State University named after I.S. Turgenev
The article examines the territorial dispute between Japan and Russia over the Kuril Islands. Analyzed historical aspect and the process of changing the international legal status of the islands before their final transfer to the jurisdiction of Russia/USSR, and also examines the positions and arguments of the parties in the context of the territorial dispute. The article presents possible prospects and options for the development of events during negotiations on the disputed Kuril Islands, assesses the impact given circumstance on Japanese-Russian relations.

5. Yakubzhanov Nadyrzhon Kadyrovich. THE IMAGE OF AMIR TEMUR IN FOREIGN HISTORIOGRAPHY There is a review.
The article analyzes from the point of view of historiography modern research on the life and work of Amir Temur, and identifies their scientific significance.

6. Uteshev Igor Petrovich. Geoelectricity as a factor influencing the Earth's biota (hypothesis) There is a review. The article was published in No. 66 (February) 2019
This article attempts to explain the presence in earth's crust geoelectricity biological features The East African Rift System, as well as the significance of the place for many millions of believers, on which the Church of the Holy Sepulcher in Jerusalem was erected, in which the Descent of the Holy Fire takes place on Easter. An assumption has been made about geoelectricity as an energy source for microorganisms located in the earth's crust, and an assumption has also been made about the nature of the formation of oil and gas.

7. Vasilyuk Natalya Ivanovna. There is a review. The article was published in No. 66 (February) 2019
Co-authors:
The article describes the stay of the last king of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth Stanislaw August Poniatowski in Grodno in the New Castle - the center of political and cultural life cities. An aspect is made on the history of creation and architectural features of this object

9. Gavrilov Kirill Vladimirovich. History of the death penalty There is a review.
Co-authors: Konaeva Yulia Vladimirovna, cadet of the College of State and Municipal Service of Ulyanovsk
This article is within historical research reveals the main methods of the death penalty of past centuries, and also indicates arguments about the existence of the death penalty at the present time. The authors raised problems when they traced the development of the problem of the death penalty over the centuries.

10. Vasilyuk Natalya Ivanovna. Everyday life of Stanislaw August Poniatowski in Grodno 1795 – 1797. There is a review. The article was published in No. 65 (January) 2019
Co-authors: Morozova S.V., Professor, Doctor of Historical Sciences, Grodno State University. Yanka Kupala, Department of Archeology, History of Belarus and Auxiliary Historical Disciplines
The article mainly describes the daily life of the last King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania, Stanisław August Poniatowski. His hobbies, preferences, main activities, daily routine and social circle are considered. Poniatowski's arrival in Grodno in 1795 and his departure to St. Petersburg are described.

11. Zaets Svetlana Viktorovna. THE PROBLEM OF TERRORISM IN THE COURSE “HISTORY OF RUSSIA XIX – XXI centuries.” There is a review.
Co-authors: Shokin S.D., Candidate of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department social policy Yaroslavl State University named after. P.G. Demidova
The article shows the acute relevance of the problem, gives a definition of terrorism, briefly discusses its typology and classification, indicates specific topics in the course “History of Russia”, where in lectures and seminar classes appears this problem(from activities revolutionary populism second half of the 19th century V. before international terrorism beginning of the XXI V.). Recommendations are given and methodological techniques working with students when studying this phenomenon.

12. Vasilyuk Natalya Ivanovna. CONTACTS (OFFICIAL RECEPTIONS, INFORMAL MEETINGS) OF STANISLAV AUGUST PONIATOWSKI DURING A STAY IN GRODNO: TACTICS OF SPEECH BEHAVIOR, SPECIFICITY OF INTERPERSONAL INTERACTION There is a review. The article was published in No. 63 (November) 2018
Co-authors: Morozova Svetlana Valentinovna, Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor of Grodno State University named after Yanka Kupala
The article analyzes the social circle of the last king of Poland and the Grand Duke of Lithuania Stanislav August Poniatowski, evaluates his linguistic behavior, as well as the specifics interpersonal interaction. Considers what kind of activities he was mostly involved in the last king Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth with his interlocutors. To achieve the goal, the researcher reviewed sources and literature on the research topic, considered personal life Stanislav August Poniatowski in Grodno, showing his official receptions and informal meetings and identified the features of communication between Stanislav August and by different persons(servants, nobles, mistresses, people).

13. Vasiliev Denis Vladimirovich. A BRIEF SKETCH ABOUT THE HISTORY OF THE CREATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE MICROSCOPE There is a review. The article was published in No. 62 (October) 2018
Analysis of relevant modern literature showed that on this moment it does not contain a normally established generally accepted idea of ​​who invented the microscope and how this instrument subsequently developed and improved. The article we bring to your attention attempts to understand these issues and talk about how this device was created and developed.

14. Goyd Snezhana Ivanovna. SHTTLES OF OSHMYANSHYNA IN THE XV – XIX CENTURIES. There is a review. The article was published in No. 61 (September) 2018
Co-authors: Scientific supervisor: Sergey Mikhailovich Gres, Candidate of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor, Grodno State Medical University
The role of shtetls in economic development Oshmyany district. The state of ordinary development of towns, their owners and artisans of the towns is analyzed. The types of industry and trade in Oshmyany district are considered. Data is provided on towns with more than one branch of industrial production. The purpose of the work is to study general trends development of towns in Oshmyany district.

15. Kudinov Alexander Sergeevich. The process of origin of the Old Russian state There is a review.
In this article, the author examines the process of education ancient Russian state. From the perspective of two theories: Norman and anti-Norman, the author identifies the main objective processes that contributed to the formation of the first Old Russian state.

16. Ivanova Marina Mikhailovna. Formation and development of political views of M.A. Bakunin There is a review.
Co-authors: Matveenko Yuri Ivanovich, expert of the Center for Public-Private Partnership, doctor political sciences, Candidate of Philosophy
Just like all sciences, modern politics cannot be understood without knowledge of its history - the history of its formation political views, political movements, structures. One of the main and most global ideologies is the socialist socio-economic system. Mikhail Aleksandrovich Bakunin had a certain influence on the development of socialism, despite the fact that he was criticized by almost all adherents of socialism.

17. Aderikhin Sergey Vladimirovich. BRIDGE STREET OF ANCIENT TALGAR IN THE XI-XIII centuries. There is a review.
Co-authors:
The article discusses the results archaeological excavations pavements of ancient Talgar, known in sources as Talkhir. As a result, it became possible to see what the defensive walls and fortress gates looked like; residential estates and houses, as well as shops that sold various products made of bronze, iron, ceramics, and glass; Scientific research has made it possible to consider this monument one of the significant objects reflecting the economic, cultural and political life of the 11th-13th centuries.

18. Aderikhin Sergey Vladimirovich. PARTICIPATION OF KAZAKHSTAN MILITARY UNITS IN THE OFFENSIVE OPERATIONS OF THE RED ARMY IN THE WINTER OF 1942 There is a review. The article was published in No. 60 (August) 2018
Co-authors: Aderikhina Irina Vladimirovna, teacher. College of Education foreign languages.
The article is devoted to one of the episodes of the Great Patriotic War: the first offensive operation Soviet troops in the winter of 1942. The article traces the stages of preparation and participation in the battles near the city of Kholm and other regions of the USSR, military units formed during the Great Patriotic War in Kazakhstan. The author traces the participation of Kazakh soldiers in the first period of the war and substantiates the position of outstanding contribution Kazakh fighters to victory. Keywords: Great Patriotic War; front; defense; company; military unit; main blow; offensive; environment; artillery preparation; bombers; firing point.

19. Strakhov Leonid Vitalievich. The activities of the Russian political police, aimed at protecting the Russian Orthodox Church from political crime and elements of decay in the 2nd half. XIX - early XX centuries There is a review. Article published in No. 58 (June) 2018
The article is devoted to the work of the political police Russian Empire from Russian Orthodox Church in the post-reform period. Using the example of the Voronezh provincial gendarmerie department, the main directions of interaction between the two structures in a turbulent period for the country of the growth of mass revolutionary movement. It is indicated that relations between the police and diocesan authorities were not always smooth, and cooperation sometimes developed into confrontation.

20. Druzhkin Alexander Anatolyevich. Balashov region at the end of the 18th – beginning of the 19th century: historiography of the issue There is a review. The article was published in No. 57 (May) 2018
Co-authors: Scientific supervisor: Sergey Alekseevich Mezin, Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor, Head of the Department of Russian History and Archeology, Saratov National Research Institute State University them. N.G. Chernyshevsky Institute of History and International Relations
This article provides an overview of the historiography of development separate region V late XVIII – early XIX century. The author has made an attempt to highlight the main stages of studying the region and to identify problems that interested researchers in studying its history. The main attention is paid to works in which this period of development of the Balashov region is considered in one way or another.

Judgments about the chances of Nicholas II to prevent the revolution and about the origins of Stalin’s personality cult are adjacent to materials about symbolism and juvenile justice. Disputes about the Holocaust, pre-Christian Rus' and psychoanalysis of the personalities of dictators complement the lively and entertaining stories.

In the system of autocracy, the personality of the emperor played a large role. What was important was his ability, intelligence and determination to fulfill his destiny. The character of Nicholas II and his ability to find reliable advisers did not correspond to the dictates of that pre-revolutionary time.

The mystery of the Stalin cult has not been solved and is disturbing inquisitive minds, and to this day. Its origins lie in the phenomenon of power, as the providence of God, which has a strong position in the consciousness of the Russian nation. The formation of a cult is a process of hard work by all the country’s propagandists.

The triad of symbols of Russia opens with the coat of arms - a double-headed eagle, signifying succession from Byzantium and the unity of West and East in the state. In flowers Russian flag encrypted symbols of peace, faith and strength are read. The anthem is a solemn ode to the Great State.

The essence of juvenile justice is to protect the rights of children in difficult situation. The problem has been solved by legislators for more than a century and a half, and its modern interpretation fits into Russian traditions. It is important to avoid possible excesses in the implementation of the law.

The prehistory of the Holocaust goes back centuries. It was not only Jews who suffered from genocide then. By the middle of the 20th century, a system of extermination of Jews and other inferior peoples called the “Holocaust” had developed in Germany. Preserving the memory of him, guaranteeing against relapse.

The Slavic peoples who settled across the East European Plain had common cultural and linguistic traditions. There is an opinion that there was a highly organized civilization here, but there are no sources confirming the alleged high level development of the Proto-Slavs, not found.

Stalin's worn things and modest savings cannot characterize him as politician. His government activities demonstrated a number of dubious decisions. Many world problems, real and imaginary, are associated with his name.

Released numbers

about the project

Dear readers, we present to you the revived magazine " Historical Bulletin", a continuation of the well-known pre-revolutionary publication. However, stepping over almost a hundred years, we understand that the realities of the 21st century also determine the new content of the magazine. History today is largely updated by politics. It is the geopolitical situation in the world that returns us to the issues of maintaining existing borders, national and cultural values, moral and religious principles, forms another dimension to the problem of the authentic historical existence of peoples and states. On the one hand, this is a question of geographical areas state entities, on the other hand, a topic related to contact and interaction of processes, cultures and traditions. In many ways we are facing the most important ethical problem. We must politely and persistently point out to our respected neighbors our historical rights, but also to avoid the temptation of artificial aging own history or appropriation of someone else's. And here His Majesty the Historical One enters the stage Scientific Fact. He is our main censor and legislator. The editorial and scientific work of the Historical Bulletin will be built on this unshakable foundation.

Volume one

Volume one. The beginning of Russian statehood

Dear colleagues, we present to you the first issue of the Historical Bulletin, which is also designated the 148th volume, thereby continuing the pre-revolutionary publication. However, stepping over almost a hundred years, we understand that the realities of the 21st century also determine the new content of the magazine.

History today is largely updated by politics. It is the geopolitical situation in the world, which returns us to the issues of preserving existing borders, national and cultural values, moral and religious principles, that forms another dimension - the problem of the authentic historical existence of peoples and states. On the one hand, this is a question of the geographical areas of state entities, on the other, a topic associated with contact and interaction of processes, cultures and traditions.

In many ways, we also face a major ethical problem. We must not only politely and persistently point out to our respected neighbors our historical rights, but we ourselves must avoid the temptation to artificially ancientize our own history or appropriate someone else’s.

And here His Majesty Historical Scientific Fact comes into the picture. They are chief censor and legislator. The editorial and scientific work of the Historical Bulletin will be built on this unshakable foundation.

Volume seven. Lithuania, Rus' and Poland XIII-XVI centuries.

The 13th–16th centuries fundamentally changed the map of Eastern Europe. The appearance of the ulus in its vastness Mongol Empire- The Golden Horde launched the process of nominating new political centers. Moscow became one of them, but another Rus' grew up next to it - the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and Russia, most of whose population was called “Russians” or “Rusyns” - but did not consider themselves “Muscovites”. IN medieval Europe Lithuania combined a warlike central government princes Gediminovich with broad autonomous rights of individual lands and received unique experience religious and national tolerance.

The issue contains the works of researchers, with different sides who studied the uniqueness of the Lithuanian model of statehood and the factors that contributed to the divergence of the socio-political systems of the two largest states Eastern Europe - the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and the Kingdom of Moscow. The editors of the Historical Bulletin provided an opportunity to express their positions not only Russian historians, but also to their colleagues from Ukraine, Belarus, Lithuania and Poland - those countries that consider themselves successors to the medieval power of the Gediminids.

A. Dubonis (Lithuania) showed how the predatory campaigns of the Lithuanian squads turned into the conquest of neighboring lands, and highlighted two various models Lithuanian expansion - military and peaceful. Article by S.V. Polekhova (Russia) is dedicated to the uprising in Smolensk in 1440 in the context of the generally successful process of integration of the Smolensk region: to early XVI V. Smolensk boyars, townspeople and even “black people” strongly associated themselves with the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. E.V. Rusina (Ukraine) tried to assess how modern historiography answers the question: why in the ruins Old Russian state At the same time, the great principalities of Moscow and Lithuania, so different from each other, arose, which had different logic historical development? D. Schultz and R. Jaworski (Poland) presented an overview of the works of Polish historians devoted to the key events in Polish-Lithuanian relations - the Krevo Act of 1385 and the Union of Lublin of 1569.

A.I. Grusha (Belarus) tried to summarize the information and identify the specifics (decentralization and mobility) various types archives of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, now scattered across the archives of several states. A.V. Kazakov (Belarus) traced the fate of Moscow native of the 16th century I.T. Yurlova, whose life path can be considered an example of the successful integration of an emigrant into the society of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania in the conditions of a “sociocultural climate” of this state that is favorable for Muscovites. V.A. Voronin (Belarus) assessed how relations between Catholics and Orthodox Christians developed in the Grand Duchy in end of the 14th century- the middle of the 16th century, and showed that the Catholic elite failed to achieve absolute superiority. Before serious conflicts religious grounds the matter did not come to an end - society had developed effective mechanisms for resolving the contradictions that arose on confessional grounds. D. Schultz (Poland) studied the influence of the Moscow-Lithuanian wars on the process of unification of the Grand Duchy with the Kingdom of Poland.

The issue ends with a review by S.V. Polekhov on the latest edition of the documents of the Gorodel Union of Lithuania and Poland in 1413, dedicated to the assessment of real measures aimed at the integration of the eastern regions.

Volume six. History is a witness of times

The sixth issue of the “Historical Bulletin”, with which we conclude 2013, is compiled on a general historical principle. Nevertheless, a number of materials complement each other compositionally and thematically. In particular, this is an article by B.N. Flory, dedicated to the embassy of I.I. Chaadaev 1671 in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, and research by J.A. Lazarev about the role of residents at the hetman’s court in Ukraine in the 10th of the 18th century. The general context is related to the demonstration of Moscow’s cautious, if not wary, policy in this region. In the first case, we see the most accurate position of Russian diplomacy regarding the implementation of the agreement of 1667 with the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth on counteraction Ottoman Empire in Eastern Europe. Torn apart by various aristocratic parties and teetering on the brink civil war, Poland was not considered by the Mother See as a real ally. Moreover, the position of the Right Bank Cossacks, led by Hetman Doroshenko, who were ready to “be friends” with the Ottomans and Crimea against the Poles, was emphasized. The hetman's power was also assessed with skepticism by Russian residents at the beginning of the 18th century. It was a kind of boring compromise that forced us to maintain the form of hetman’s governance of Little Russia, overshadowed, moreover, by the inescapable memories of Mazepa’s betrayal. It is significant that Moscow’s uncertainty about its current Eastern European partners has survived centuries, which influences Russia’s policy in this region to this day.
Another “eternal” topic is reflected in the article by M.A. Kiselev “Form of government and social hierarchy in Russian political thought of the 17th - first quarter of the 18th century.” The author raises the most important question for Russian reality and mentality about the filling of the concepts “sovereign - state” and “tsar - kingdom”. In the first case, the “sovereign” is meant as the sole ruler and the “state” as the territory on which he exercises his sole power. The signs are, of course, formal. But about what kind of sovereign this is, according to the fair remark of M.A. Kiselev, were judged, as a rule, using the categories “tsar and kingdom.” And here the question of a moral nature comes to the fore: after all, if the “sovereign” in Rus' is the personalized quintessence of law, then the “tsar” represents the degree of compliance with the obligations in relation to the kingdom entrusted to him and, accordingly, the people. "King" is perfect image, which the ruler must comply with.

In a general historical context, the topic of the importance of the categories of care and justice for Russia is related to the study of D.O. Serov “Guardsmen and fiscal officers of Peter I in the fight against covetous people and embezzlers.” Fiscal is a word that at one time acquired a negative connotation. And here it is worth quoting from the article: “Today, however, it has been documented the only case when a fiscal service official was convicted of unjustifiably initiating a criminal case. November 25, 1718 A special judicial presence, consisting of the heads and assessors of the “major’s” offices, sentenced to death with confiscation of the property of the fiscal I.D. Tarbeev, exposed in the presentation to Major General G.P. Chernyshev false accusation in bribery." Let's add to this: with real bribe takers who were under government positions, dealt with no less harshly. And that was straight too royal business. In this issue we publish material from the best domestic specialist in the field of faleristics V.A. Durov on the establishment of the Order of St. Catherine under Peter the Great. The history of this award is connected with the events of the Prut campaign of 1711, which almost became tragic for the Russian army and the tsar himself.

It is difficult, in the limited scope of an editorial, to note all the undoubtedly worthy materials published in the current issue of the Historical Bulletin. Moreover, it is necessary to tell readers about the editorial plans for 2014. First thematic block will be associated with the history of interaction and mutual influence of Rus', Poland and Lithuania in the 15th–16th centuries. In it unique time, against the backdrop of emerging state interests, the social tradition continued to live, based on the common historical and cultural roots of the three peoples. The second topic of 2014 will be the history of the origin and development of the first stage global conflict, now called the First World War. And in conclusion, on the pages of the “Historical Bulletin” we will look at the history of the difficult relations between Rus' and the Golden Horde.

The issue will be published in December. And taking advantage of this pre-New Year occasion, the editors congratulate our comrades in the historical workshop, who provided us with invaluable creative assistance and moral support in the past year. We mentally raise a glass to our like-minded people and friends from the Runiverse ANO. We thank and congratulate the management and team of JSC AK Transneft. Without your faith and assistance, Dear friends and colleagues, the “Historical Bulletin” would have remained an attribute of second-hand book shelves.



© 2024 netdenegnakino.ru - No for twos. Chemistry. Physics. Spelling. Geography