About the heroes of the Battle of Stalingrad. Five heroes of Stalingrad

For decades now, the city of Volgograd has been welcoming guests in early February. The whole country celebrates with Volgograd residents great date– the victorious conclusion of the legendary Battle of Stalingrad. She became decisive battle throughout the Second World War and marked the beginning of a radical change in the course of the Great Patriotic War. Here, on the banks of the Volga, the offensive ended Nazi troops and their expulsion from the territory of our country began

The victory of our army at Stalingrad is one of the most glorious pages in the annals of the Great Patriotic War. For 200 days and nights - from July 17, 1942 to February 2, 1943 - an unprecedented battle raged on the Volga. And the Red Army emerged victorious.

In terms of the duration and ferocity of the battles, the number of people and military equipment involved, the Battle of Stalingrad surpassed all battles in world history at that time. She turned around huge territory in 100 thousand square kilometers. At certain stages, over 2 million people, up to 2 thousand tanks, more than 2 thousand aircraft, and up to 26 thousand guns took part in it on both sides. At Stalingrad, Soviet troops defeated five armies: two German, two Romanian and one Italian. The enemy lost more than 800 thousand soldiers and officers killed, wounded, captured, as well as a large number of military equipment, weapons and equipment.

Menacing clouds over the Volga

By mid-summer 1942, hostilities approached the Volga. The German command also included Stalingrad in the plan for a large-scale offensive in the south of the USSR (Caucasus, Crimea). Germany's goal was to take possession of an industrial city with factories producing military products that were needed; gaining access to the Volga, from where it was possible to get to the Caspian Sea, to the Caucasus, where the oil necessary for the front was extracted.

Hitler wanted to implement this plan in just a week with the help of Paulus's 6th Field Army. It included 13 divisions, with about 270,000 people, 3 thousand guns and about five hundred tanks.

On the USSR side, German forces were opposed by the Stalingrad Front. It was created by decision of the Headquarters Supreme High Command July 12, 1942 The beginning of the Battle of Stalingrad can be considered July 17, when, near the Chir and Tsimla rivers, the forward detachments of the 62nd and 64th armies of the Stalingrad Front met with detachments of the 6th German Army. Throughout the second half of the summer there were fierce battles near Stalingrad.

Heroes of the Battle of Stalingrad and their exploits

August 23, 1942 German tanks approached Stalingrad. From that day on, fascist aircraft began to systematically bomb the city. The battles on the ground also did not subside. It was simply impossible to live in the city - you had to fight to win. 75 thousand people volunteered for the front. But in the city itself, people worked both day and night. By mid-September german army broke through to the city center, fighting took place right in the streets. The Nazis intensified their attack. German aviation dropped about 1 million bombs on the city.

The Germans conquered many European countries. Sometimes they only needed 2-3 weeks to capture the entire country. In Stalingrad the situation was different. It took the Nazis weeks to capture one house, one street. Heroism Soviet soldiers had no equal. Sniper Vasily Zaitsev, Hero Soviet Union, destroyed 225 opponents with targeted shots. Nikolai Panikakha threw himself under an enemy tank with a bottle of flammable mixture. Nikolai Serdyukov is sleeping eternally on Mamayev Kurgan - he covered the embrasure of the enemy pillbox with himself, silencing the firing point. Signalmen Matvey Putilov and Vasily Titaev established communication by clamping the ends of the wire with their teeth. Nurse Gulya Koroleva carried dozens of seriously wounded soldiers from the battlefield.

The tanks that continued to be built in Stalingrad were manned by volunteer crews consisting of factory workers, including women. The equipment was immediately sent from the factory assembly lines to the front line. During street fighting, the Soviet command used a new tactic - to constantly keep the front lines as close to the enemy as physically possible (usually no more than 30 meters). Thus, the German infantry had to fight relying on themselves, without the support of artillery and aircraft.

The battle on Mamayev Kurgan, on this blood-soaked height, was unusually merciless. The height changed hands several times. At the grain elevator fighting passed so closely that Soviet and German soldiers could feel each other’s breathing. It was especially difficult due to severe frosts.

The battles for the Red October plant, the tractor plant and the Barrikady artillery plant became known throughout the world. While Soviet soldiers continued to defend their positions, firing at the Germans, workers at factories and factories repaired damaged soviet tanks and weapons in close proximity from the battlefield, and sometimes on the battlefield itself.

Victory is near

The beginning of autumn and mid-November passed in battles. By November, almost the entire city, despite resistance, was captured by the Germans. Only a small strip of land on the banks of the Volga was still held by our troops. But it was too early to declare the capture of Stalingrad, as Hitler did. The Germans did not know that the Soviet command already had a plan for the defeat of the German troops, which began to be developed at the height of the fighting, on September 12. The development of the offensive operation “Uranus” was carried out by Marshal G.K. Zhukov.

Within two months, under conditions of heightened secrecy, a strike force. The Nazis were aware of the weakness of their flanks, but did not imagine that Soviet command will be able to gather the required number of troops.

Locking the enemy in a ring

November 19 troops Southwestern Front under the command of General N.F. Vatutin and the Don Front under the command of General K.K. Rokossovsky went on the offensive. They managed to surround the enemy, despite his stubborn resistance. During the offensive, five enemy divisions were captured and seven were defeated. From November 23rd, efforts Soviet troops were aimed at strengthening the blockade around the enemy. In order to lift this blockade German command Army Group "Don" was formed (commander - Field Marshal Manstein), however, it was defeated. And so the Soviet troops closed a ring around the enemy, surrounding 22 divisions numbering 330 thousand soldiers.

The Soviet command presented an ultimatum to the surrounded units. Realizing the hopelessness of their situation, on February 2, 1943, the remnants of the 6th Army in Stalingrad surrendered. Over 200 days of fighting, the enemy lost more than 1.5 million people killed and wounded. In Germany, three months of mourning were declared over the defeat.

The Battle of Stalingrad became turning point war. After it, Soviet troops launched a decisive offensive. The battle on the Volga also inspired the allies - in 1944 the long-awaited second front was opened, and in European countries the internal struggle with the Hitler regime.

...February comes to the Volga land again. Flowers are again laid at the foot of the obelisks. And Mother Motherland on Mamayev Kurgan seems to be raising her formidable sword even higher. And again everyone comes to mind famous words Alexander Nevsky: “Whoever comes to us with a sword will die by the sword!”

...A great battle where two great armies collided. A city that claimed more than two million lives within 5 months. The Germans considered it hell on Earth. Soviet propaganda talked about the death of one in this city German soldier per second. However, it was he who became the turning point of the Great Patriotic War and, without a doubt, became the personification of the feat of the Red Army. So who are they...Great Heroes of the Great Battle?

The feat of Nikolai Serdyukov

On April 17, 1943, junior sergeant, commander of the rifle squad of the 44th Guards Rifle Regiment of the 15th Guards Rifle Division, Nikolai Filippovich SERDIUKOV was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union for military exploits in the Battle of Stalingrad.

Nikolai Filippovich Serdyukov was born in 1924 in the village. Goncharovka Oktyabrsky district Volgograd region. He spent his childhood and school years here. In June 1941 he entered the Stalingrad school FZO, after graduating from which he works as a metal worker at the Barrikady plant.

In August 1942 he was drafted into the active army, and on January 13, 1943 he accomplished his feat, which made his name immortal. These were the days when Soviet troops destroyed enemy units surrounded at Stalingrad. Lance Sergeant Nikolai Serdyukov was a machine gunner of the 15th Guards Rifle Division, which trained many Heroes of the Soviet Union.

The division led an offensive in the area settlements Karpovka, Stary Rogachik (35-40 km west of Stalingrad). The Nazis, entrenched in Stary Rohachik, blocked the path of the advancing Soviet troops. Along the embankment railway there was a heavily fortified area of enemy defense.

The guardsmen of the 4th Guards Company of Lieutenant Rybas were given the task of overcoming the 600-meter open space, minefield, barbed wire and knock out the enemy from trenches and trenches.

At the agreed time, the company launched an attack, but machine-gun fire from three enemy pillboxes that survived our artillery barrage forced the soldiers to lie down in the snow. The attack failed.

It was necessary to silence the enemy's firing points. Lieutenant V.M. Osipov and junior lieutenant A.S. Belykh undertook to complete this task. Grenades were thrown. The pillboxes fell silent. But in the snow, not far from them, two commanders, two communists, two guardsmen remained lying forever.

When soviet soldiers went up to attack, the third pillbox spoke. Komsomol member N. Serdyukov turned to the company commander: “Allow me, Comrade Lieutenant.”

He was short and looked like a boy in a long soldier's overcoat. Having received permission from the commander, Serdyukov crawled to the third pillbox under a hail of bullets. He threw one and two grenades, but they did not reach the target. In full view of the guards, the hero, rising to his full height, rushed to the embrasure of the pillbox. The enemy's machine gun fell silent, the guards rushed towards the enemy.

The street and school where he studied are named after the 18-year-old hero of Stalingrad. His name is forever included in the lists personnel one of the units of the Volgograd garrison.

N.F. Serdyukov is buried in the village. New Rogachik (Gorodishche district, Volgograd region).

The feat of the defenders of Pavlov's House

On the square. V. I. Lenin is located mass grave. The memorial plaque reads: “The soldiers of the 13th Guards Order of Lenin Rifle Division and the 10th Division of the NKVD Troops, who died in the battles for Stalingrad, are buried here.”

The mass grave, the names of the streets adjacent to the square (St. Lieutenant Naumov St., 13th Gvardeiskaya St.) will forever remind of war, of death, of courage. The 13th Guards Rifle Division, commanded by Hero of the Soviet Union, Major General A.I. Rodimtsev, held the defense in this area. The division crossed the Volga in mid-September 1942, when everything around was burning: residential buildings, enterprises. Even the Volga, covered with oil from broken storage facilities, was a fiery streak. Immediately after landing on the right bank, the units immediately entered into battle.

In October - November, pressed to the Volga, the division occupied defense along a front of 5-6 km, the depth of the defensive line ranged from 100 to 500 m. The command of the 62nd Army set the task for the guardsmen: to turn every trench into strong point, every house is an impregnable fortress. Such impregnable fortress on this square became the “Pavlov’s House”.

Heroic story this house is like that. During the bombing of the city, all the buildings in the square were destroyed and only one 4-story building miraculously survived. From the upper floors it was possible to observe it and keep the enemy-occupied part of the city under fire (up to 1 km to the west, and even further in the northern and southern directions). Thus, the house acquired important tactical significance in the defense zone of the 42nd regiment.

Fulfilling the order of the commander, Colonel I.P. Elin, at the end of September, Sergeant Ya.F. Pavlov with three soldiers entered the house and found about 30 civilians- women, old people, children. The scouts occupied the house and held it for two days.

On the third day, reinforcements arrived to help the brave four. The garrison of the “House of Pavlov” (as it began to be called in operational maps division, regiment) consisted of a machine gun platoon under the command of Guard Lieutenant I. F. Afanasyev (7 people and one heavy machine gun), a group of armor-piercing soldiers led by the assistant commander of the guard platoon, senior sergeant A. A. Sobgaida (6 people and three anti-tank rifles) , 7 submachine gunners under the command of Sergeant Ya. F. Pavlov, four mortar men (2 mortars) under the command of junior lieutenant A. N. Chernyshenko. There are 24 people in total.

The soldiers adapted the house for all-round defense. The firing points were taken outside of it and they were approached underground passages messages. Sappers from the side of the square mined the approaches to the house, placing anti-tank and anti-personnel mines.

The skillful organization of home defense and the heroism of the soldiers allowed the small garrison to successfully repel enemy attacks for 58 days.

The newspaper “Red Star” wrote on October 1, 1942: “Every day the guards take on 12-15 attacks from enemy tanks and infantry, supported by aviation and artillery. And they always repel the enemy’s onslaught to the last opportunity, covering the earth with new dozens and hundreds of fascist corpses.”

The fight for Pavlov's House is one of many examples of heroism Soviet people during the days of the battle for the city.

There were more than 100 such houses that became strongholds in the 62nd Army’s zone of operations.

On November 24, 1942, after artillery preparation, the garrison of the battalion went on the offensive to capture other houses in the square. The guardsmen, carried away by the company commander, Senior Lieutenant I.I. Naumov, went on the attack and crushed the enemy. The fearless commander died.

The memorial wall at the “Pavlov’s House” will preserve for centuries the names of the heroes of the legendary garrison, among which we read the names of the sons of Russia and Ukraine, Central Asia and the Caucasus.

Another name is connected with the history of the “House of Pavlov”, the name of a simple Russian woman, whom many now call “the dear woman of Russia” - Alexandra Maksimovna Cherkasova. It was she, a kindergarten worker, who in the spring of 1943, after work, brought soldiers’ wives like herself here to dismantle the ruins and breathe life into this building. Cherkasova’s noble initiative found a response in the hearts of residents. In 1948, there were 80 thousand people in the Cherkasov brigades. From 1943 to 1952 they worked 20 million hours for free in their free time. The name of A.I. Cherkasova and all members of her team is included in the city’s Book of Honor.

Gvardeiskaya Square

Not far from the “Pavlov’s House”, on the banks of the Volga, among new bright buildings stands the terrible, war-damaged building of the mill named after. Grudinin (Grudinin K.N. - Bolshevik worker. He worked at the mill as a turner, was elected secretary of the communist cell. The party cell led by Grudinin waged a decisive struggle against disguised enemies Soviet power who decided to take revenge on the brave communist. On May 26, 1922, he was killed by a shot from around the corner. He was buried in the Komsomolsky Garden).

Installed on the mill building Memorial plaque: “The ruins of the mill named after K. N. Grudinin are a historical reserve. Here in 1942 there were fierce battles between soldiers of the 13th Guards Order of Lenin Rifle Division and German fascist invaders" During the battle, there was an observation post of the commander of the 42nd regiment of the 13th Guards Rifle Division.

Military statistics calculated that during the battle in Stalingrad the enemy spent an average of about 100 thousand shells, bombs, and mines per kilometer of the front, or 100 per meter, respectively.

A burnt mill building with empty window sockets will tell descendants more eloquently than any words about the horrors of war, that peace was won at a high price.

The feat of Mikhail Panikakha

To the battalion positions Marine Corps Nazi tanks rushed in. Several enemy vehicles were moving toward the trench in which sailor Mikhail Panikakha was located, firing from cannons and machine guns.

Through the roar of shots and shell explosions, the clanging of caterpillars could be heard more and more clearly. By this time, Panikaha had already used up all his grenades. He only had two bottles of flammable mixture left. He leaned out of the trench and swung, aiming the bottle at the nearest tank. At that moment, a bullet broke the bottle raised above his head. The warrior flared up like a living torch. But the hellish pain did not cloud his consciousness. He grabbed the second bottle. The tank was nearby. And everyone saw how a burning man jumped out of the trench, ran close to fascist tank and hit the grille of the engine hatch with a bottle. An instant - and a huge flash of fire and smoke consumed the hero along with the fascist car he set on fire.

This heroic feat Mikhail Panikakh immediately became known to all the soldiers of the 62nd Army.

His friends from the 193rd Infantry Division did not forget about this. Panikakh's friends told Demyan Bedny about his feat. The poet responded in poetry.

He fell, but his honor lives on;
To the hero highest award,
Under his name are the words:
He was the defender of Stalingrad.

In the midst of tank attacks
There was a Red Navy man named Panikakha,
They're down to the last bullet
The defense held strong.

But no match for the sea lads
Show the backs of your enemy's heads,
There are no more grenades, two left
Bottles with flammable liquid.

The hero fighter grabbed one:
“I’ll throw it at the last tank!”
Filled with ardent courage,
He stood with a raised bottle.

“One, two... I won’t miss!”
Suddenly, at that moment, like a bullet right through
The bottle of liquid was broken,
The hero was engulfed in flames.

But having become a living torch,
He didn't fall fighting spirit,
With contempt for the sharp, burning pain
Fighter hero on enemy tank
The second one rushed with the bottle.
Hooray! Fire! Club smoke black,
The engine hatch is engulfed in fire,
There is a wild howl in a burning tank,
The team howled and the driver,
Fell, having accomplished his feat,
Our Red Navy soldier,
But he fell like a proud winner!
To knock down the flame on your sleeve,
Chest, shoulders, head,
Burning torch avenger warrior
I didn't roll on the grass
Seek salvation in the swamp.

He burned the enemy with his fire,
Legends are written about him -
Our immortal Red Navy man.

Panikakh's feat is captured in stone in the monument-ensemble on Mamayev Kurgan.

The feat of signalman Matvey Putilov

When communication stopped on Mamayev Kurgan at the most intense moment of the battle, an ordinary signalman of the 308th Infantry Division, Matvey Putilov, went to repair the wire break. While restoring the damaged communication line, both his hands were crushed by mine fragments. Losing consciousness, he tightly clamped the ends of the wire with his teeth. Communication was restored. For this feat, Matvey was posthumously awarded the order Patriotic War II degree. His communication reel was passed on to the best signalmen of the 308th division.

A similar feat was accomplished by Vasily Titaev. During the next attack on Mamayev Kurgan, the connection was lost. He went to fix it. In the conditions of the most difficult battle this seemed impossible, but the connection worked. Titaev did not return from the mission. After the battle, he was found dead with the ends of the wire clenched in his teeth.

In October 1942, in the area of the Barricades plant, signalman of the 308th Infantry Division Matvey Putilov, under enemy fire, carried out a mission to restore communications. When he was looking for the location of the broken wire, he was wounded in the shoulder by a mine fragment. Overcoming the pain, Putilov crawled to the site of the broken wire; he was wounded a second time: his arm was crushed by an enemy mine. Losing consciousness and unable to use his hand, the sergeant squeezed the ends of the wire with his teeth, and a current passed through his body. Having restored communication, Putilov died with the ends of the telephone wires clamped in his teeth.

Vasily Zaitsev

Zaitsev Vasily Grigorievich (March 23, 1915 - December 15, 1991) - sniper of the 1047th Infantry Regiment (284th Infantry Division, 62nd Army, Stalingrad Front), junior lieutenant.

Born on March 23, 1915 in the village of Elino, now Agapovsky district Chelyabinsk region in a peasant family. Russian. Member of the CPSU since 1943. Graduated from a construction technical school in Magnitogorsk. Since 1936 in the Navy. Graduated from the Military Economic School. The war found Zaitsev in the position of head of the financial department in Pacific Fleet, in Preobrazhenye Bay.

In the battles of the Great Patriotic War from September 1942. Sniper rifle received from the hands of the commander of his 1047th regiment, Metelev, a month later, along with the medal "For Courage". By that time, Zaitsev had killed 32 Nazis from a simple “three-line rifle”. In the period from November 10 to December 17, 1942, in the battles for Stalingrad, he killed 225 soldiers, including 11 snipers (among whom was Heinz Horwald). Directly on the front line, he taught sniper work to soldiers in the commanders, trained 28 snipers. In January 1943, Zaitsev was seriously wounded. Professor Filatov saved his sight in a Moscow hospital.

The title of Hero of the Soviet Union with the presentation of the Order of Lenin and medal " Golden Star"Awarded to Vasily Grigorievich Zaitsev on February 22, 1943.

Having received the Star of the Hero of the Soviet Union in the Kremlin, Zaitsev returned to the front. He finished the war on the Dniester with the rank of captain. During the war, Zaitsev wrote two textbooks for snipers, and also invented the still used technique of sniper hunting with “sixes” - when three pairs of snipers (a shooter and an observer) cover the same battle zone with fire.

After the war he was demobilized. He worked as director of the Kyiv Machine-Building Plant. Died on December 15, 1991.

Awarded the Order of Lenin, 2 Orders of the Red Banner, Order of the Patriotic War 1st degree, and medals. The ship plying along the Dnieper bears his name.

ABOUT famous duel Two films were shot by Zaitsev and Horvald. "Angels of Death" 1992 directed by Yu.N. Ozerov, starring Fyodor Bondarchuk. And the film "Enemy at the Gates" 2001 directed by Jean-Jacques Annaud, in the role of Zaitsev - Jude Law.

He was buried on Mamayev Kurgan.

Gulya (Marionella) Queen

Koroleva Marionella Vladimirovna (Gulya Koroleva) Born on September 10, 1922 in Moscow. She died on November 23, 1942. Medical instructor of the 214th Infantry Division.

Gulya Koroleva was born in Moscow on September 9, 1922, in the family of director and set designer Vladimir Danilovich Korolev and actress Zoya Mikhailovna Metlina. At the age of 12, she starred in the leading role of Vasilinka in the film “The Partisan’s Daughter”. For her role in the film she received a ticket to the Artek pioneer camp. Subsequently she starred in several more films. In 1940 she entered the Kiev Irrigation Institute.

In 1941, Gulya Koroleva with her mother and stepfather evacuated to Ufa. In Ufa, she gave birth to a son, Sasha, and, leaving him in the care of her mother, volunteered for the front in the medical battalion of the 280th Infantry Regiment. In the spring of 1942, the division went to the front in the Stalingrad area.

November 23, 1942 during a fierce battle for height 56.8 near x. Panshino, a medical instructor of the 214th Infantry Division, provided assistance and carried 50 seriously wounded soldiers and commanders with weapons from the battlefield. By the end of the day, when there were few soldiers left in the ranks, she and a group of Red Army soldiers launched an attack on the heights. Under bullets, the first one burst into the enemy trenches and killed 15 people with grenades. Mortally wounded, she continued to fight an unequal battle until the weapon fell out of her hands. Buried in x. Panshino, Volgograd region.

On January 9, 1943, the command of the Don Front was awarded the Order of the Red Banner (posthumously).

In Panshino rural library named after her, the name is carved in gold on the banner in the Hall military glory on Mama's Kurgan. A street in the Traktorozavodsky district of Volgograd and a village are named after her.

Elena Ilyina’s book “The Fourth Height” is dedicated to the feat, which has been translated into many languages of the world.

The feat of the Defenders of Stalingrad is known throughout the world. It was here that over the years they decided further destinies planets. For the Nazis this city had special meaning not only as important military-political, economic and transport center. They understood perfectly well that the city where Stalin’s star rose, the symbolic city bearing his name, was playing key role in the patriotic consciousness of the Soviet people.

That is why they bombed it with such fury on August 23, 1942, and then attacked again and again. The Wehrmacht war machine choked on the banks of the Volga. An unprecedented feat Soviet soldiers and officers who stood to death for 200 fiery days and nights, who said to themselves and others “There is no land for us beyond the Volga,” who broke the back of the fascist beast, received a huge resonance in the world, saved from the “brown plague” and became the beginning of the end Hitler's Germany. Stalingrad survived because it was in it that the whole meaning of the Motherland was embodied. That is why nowhere else in the world has there been such mass heroism. All the spiritual and moral strength of our people was concentrated here.

The events of the Battle of Stalingrad were of enormous importance for further progress The Second World War was a great turning point in its course. And recognition of this contribution is not only a certificate American President Franklin Roosevelt and sword English king George VI, now carefully preserved in the Volgograd State Panorama Museum "Battle of Stalingrad", but also the squares and streets named after Stalingrad in Paris and London, other countries in Europe and America, as well as the indisputable fact that all over the world, of all the dramatic moments of the Second world war on Eastern Front, the only known one now is the Battle of Stalingrad.

July 17, 1942 was the day the Battle of Stalingrad began. The Kletsky, Surovinsky, Serafimovichsky, Chernyshkovsky districts of our region were the first to meet the enemy. Well-prepared, armed, and outnumbering ours, Hitler's army, at the cost of any losses, sought to get to Stalingrad, and the Soviet soldiers, at the cost of incredible efforts, had to hold back the onslaught of the enemy.

The complexity of the situation also lay in the fact that our troops experienced an acute shortage of anti-tank and anti-aircraft artillery, and a number of formations lacked ammunition. Most of the divisions that arrived from the Headquarters Reserve did not yet have combat experience, other divisions were exhausted in previous battles. The open steppe nature of the area allowed enemy aircraft to carry out attacks on Soviet troops and inflict great damage in people, weapons and military equipment.

Stalingrad...The Great Battle, where two great armies collided. A city that claimed more than two million lives within 5 months. The Germans considered it hell on Earth. Soviet propaganda spoke of the death of one German soldier per second in this city. However, it was he who became the turning point of the Great Patriotic War and, without a doubt, became the personification of the feat of the Red Army. So who are they...Great Heroes of the Great Battle?

The feat of N. Serdyukov The division led an offensive in the area of the settlements of Karpovka and Stary Rogachik (km west of Stalingrad). The Nazis, entrenched in Stary Rohachik, blocked the path of the advancing Soviet troops. Along the railway embankment there was a heavily fortified area of enemy defense. The guardsmen of the 4th Guards Company of Lieutenant Rybas were tasked with overcoming a 600-meter open space, a minefield, wire fences and knocking out the enemy from trenches and trenches. At the agreed time, the company launched an attack, but machine-gun fire from three enemy pillboxes that survived our artillery barrage forced the soldiers to lie down in the snow. The attack failed. Lieutenant V.M. Osipov and Junior Lieutenant A.S. Belykh threw grenades. The pillboxes fell silent. When the Soviet soldiers rose to attack, the third pillbox spoke. Komsomol member N. Serdyukov turned to the company commander: “Allow me, Comrade Lieutenant.” He was short and looked like a boy in a long soldier's overcoat. Having received permission from the commander, Serdyukov crawled to the third pillbox under a hail of bullets. He threw one and two grenades, but they did not reach the target. In full view of the guards, the hero, rising to his full height, rushed to the embrasure of the pillbox. The enemy's machine gun fell silent, the guards rushed towards the enemy. The street and school where he studied are named after the 18-year-old hero of Stalingrad. His name is included forever in the lists of personnel of one of the units of the Volgograd garrison. The feat of N. Serdyukov The division led an offensive in the area of the settlements of Karpovka and Stary Rogachik (km west of Stalingrad). The Nazis, entrenched in Stary Rohachik, blocked the path of the advancing Soviet troops. Along the railway embankment there was a heavily fortified area of enemy defense. The guardsmen of the 4th Guards Company of Lieutenant Rybas were tasked with overcoming a 600-meter open space, a minefield, wire fences and knocking out the enemy from trenches and trenches. At the agreed time, the company launched an attack, but machine-gun fire from three enemy pillboxes that survived our artillery barrage forced the soldiers to lie down in the snow. The attack failed. Lieutenant V.M. Osipov and Junior Lieutenant A.S. Belykh threw grenades. The pillboxes fell silent. When the Soviet soldiers rose to attack, the third pillbox spoke. Komsomol member N. Serdyukov turned to the company commander: “Allow me, Comrade Lieutenant.” He was short and looked like a boy in a long soldier's overcoat. Having received permission from the commander, Serdyukov crawled to the third pillbox under a hail of bullets. He threw one and two grenades, but they did not reach the target. In full view of the guards, the hero, rising to his full height, rushed to the embrasure of the pillbox. The enemy's machine gun fell silent, the guards rushed towards the enemy. The street and school where he studied are named after the 18-year-old hero of Stalingrad. His name is included forever in the lists of personnel of one of the units of the Volgograd garrison.

Medical instructor of the 214th Infantry Division, volunteered for the front in the medical battalion of the 280th Infantry Regiment. In the spring of 1942, the division went to the front in the Stalingrad area. November 23, 1942 during a fierce battle for height 56.8 near x. Panshino, a medical instructor of the 214th Infantry Division, provided assistance and carried 50 seriously wounded soldiers and commanders with weapons from the battlefield. By the end of the day, when there were few soldiers left in the ranks, she and a group of Red Army soldiers launched an attack on the heights. Under bullets, the first one burst into the enemy trenches and killed 15 people with grenades. Mortally wounded, she continued to fight an unequal battle until the weapon fell out of her hands. Buried in x. Panshino, Volgograd region. In Panshino, the village library is named in her honor, the name is carved in gold on the banner in the Hall of Military Glory on Mamayev Kurgan. A street in the Traktorozavodsky district of Volgograd and a village are named after her. Elena Ilyina’s book “The Fourth Height” is dedicated to the feat, which has been translated into many languages of the world. Gulya (Marionella) Koroleva Medical instructor of the 214th Infantry Regiment, volunteered for the front in the medical battalion of the 280th Infantry Regiment. In the spring of 1942, the division went to the front in the Stalingrad area. November 23, 1942 during a fierce battle for height 56.8 near x. Panshino, a medical instructor of the 214th Infantry Division, provided assistance and carried 50 seriously wounded soldiers and commanders with weapons from the battlefield. By the end of the day, when there were few soldiers left in the ranks, she and a group of Red Army soldiers launched an attack on the heights. Under bullets, the first one burst into the enemy trenches and killed 15 people with grenades. Mortally wounded, she continued to fight an unequal battle until the weapon fell out of her hands. Buried in x. Panshino, Volgograd region. In Panshino, the village library is named in her honor, the name is carved in gold on the banner in the Hall of Military Glory on Mamayev Kurgan. A street in the Traktorozavodsky district of Volgograd and a village are named after her. Elena Ilyina’s book “The Fourth Height” is dedicated to the feat, which has been translated into many languages of the world.

Vasily Grigorievich Zaitsev (March 23, 1915, Eleninka village, Chelyabinsk region December 15, 1991, Kyiv) sniper of the 62nd Army of the Stalingrad Front, Hero of the Soviet Union. During the Battle of Stalingrad between November 10 and December 17, 1942, 225 soldiers and officers were killed German army and their allies, including 11 snipers. Already in the first battles with the enemy, Zaitsev showed himself to be an outstanding shooter. Zaitsev combined all the qualities inherent in a sniper, visual acuity, sensitive hearing, restraint, composure, endurance, and military cunning. He knew how to choose the most best positions, mask them; usually hid from enemy soldiers in places where they could not even imagine a Russian sniper. Zaitsev was especially glorified by the sniper duel with the German “super sniper”, whom Zaitsev himself calls Major Koening in his memoirs (according to Alan Clark, the head of the sniper school in Zossen, SS Standartenführer Heinz Thorwald), sent to Stalingrad with the special task of fighting Russian snipers, and the first priority had the destruction of Zaitsev. Zaitsev, in turn, received the task of destroying him personally from division commander N.F. Batyuk. After one of Soviet snipers An optical sight was broken by a bullet, and another in the same area was wounded, Zaitsev managed to establish the enemy’s position. About the fight that followed, Vasily Grigorievich wrote: “It was clear that an experienced sniper was acting in front of us, so we decided to intrigue him, but we had to wait out the first half of the day, because the shine of the optics could give us away. After lunch, our rifles were already in the shadows, and direct rays of the sun fell on the fascist positions. From under the sheet something glittered, a sniper scope. A well-aimed shot, the sniper fell. As soon as it got dark, ours went on the offensive and at the height of the battle we pulled out the killed fascist major from under the iron sheet. They took his documents and delivered them to the division commander.” Vasily Grigorievich Zaitsev (March 23, 1915, Eleninka village, Chelyabinsk region December 15, 1991, Kyiv) sniper of the 62nd Army of the Stalingrad Front, Hero of the Soviet Union. During the Battle of Stalingrad between November 10 and December 17, 1942, he killed 225 soldiers and officers of the German army and their allies, including 11 snipers. Already in the first battles with the enemy, Zaitsev showed himself to be an outstanding shooter. Zaitsev combined all the qualities inherent in a sniper, visual acuity, sensitive hearing, restraint, composure, endurance, and military cunning. He knew how to choose the best positions and disguise them; usually hid from enemy soldiers in places where they could not even imagine a Russian sniper. Zaitsev was especially glorified by the sniper duel with the German “super sniper”, whom Zaitsev himself calls Major Koening in his memoirs (according to Alan Clark, the head of the sniper school in Zossen, SS Standartenführer Heinz Thorwald), sent to Stalingrad with the special task of fighting Russian snipers, and the first priority had the destruction of Zaitsev. Zaitsev, in turn, received the task of destroying him personally from division commander N.F. Batyuk. After one of the Soviet snipers had his optical sight broken by a bullet, and another in the same area was wounded, Zaitsev managed to establish the enemy’s position. About the fight that followed, Vasily Grigorievich wrote: “It was clear that an experienced sniper was acting in front of us, so we decided to intrigue him, but we had to wait out the first half of the day, because the shine of the optics could give us away. After lunch, our rifles were already in the shadows, and direct rays of the sun fell on the fascist positions. From under the sheet something glittered, a sniper scope. A well-aimed shot, the sniper fell. As soon as it got dark, ours went on the offensive and at the height of the battle we pulled out the killed fascist major from under the iron sheet. They took his documents and delivered them to the division commander.”

Yakov Fedotovich Pavlov (October 4 (17), September 1981), Hero of the Soviet Union, hero of the Battle of Stalingrad, commander of a group of fighters who defended the so-called in the fall of 1942. Pavlov's house in the center of Stalingrad. This house and its defenders have become a symbol heroic defense cities on the Volga. The heroic story of this house is as follows. During the bombing of the city, all the buildings in the square were destroyed and only one 4-story building miraculously survived. From the upper floors it was possible to observe it and keep the enemy-occupied part of the city under fire (up to 1 km to the west, and even further in the northern and southern directions). Thus, the house acquired important tactical significance in the defense zone of the 42nd regiment. Fulfilling the order of the commander, Colonel I.P. Elin, at the end of September, Sergeant Ya.F. Pavlov with three soldiers entered the house and found about 30 civilians in it: women, old people, and children. The scouts occupied the house and held it for two days. On the third day, reinforcements arrived to help the brave four. The garrison of the “House of Pavlov” (as it began to be called on the operational maps of the division and regiment) consisted of a machine-gun platoon under the command of Guard Lieutenant I.F. Afanasyev (7 people and one heavy machine gun), a group of armor-piercing soldiers led by the assistant guard platoon commander, senior sergeant A. A. Sobgaida (6 people and three anti-tank rifles), 7 machine gunners under the command of Sergeant Ya. F. Pavlov, four mortar men (2 mortars) under the command of junior lieutenant A. N. Chernyshenko. There are 24 people in total. The soldiers adapted the house for all-round defense. The skillful organization of home defense and the heroism of the soldiers allowed the small garrison to successfully repel enemy attacks for 58 days. The newspaper “Red Star” wrote on October 1, 1942: “Every day the guards take on attacks from enemy tanks and infantry, supported by aviation and artillery. And they always repel the enemy’s onslaught to the last opportunity, covering the earth with new dozens and hundreds of fascist corpses.” The fight for Pavlov's House is one of many examples of the heroism of the Soviet people during the days of the battle for the city. Yakov Fedotovich Pavlov (October 4 (17), September 1981), Hero of the Soviet Union, hero of the Battle of Stalingrad, commander of a group of fighters who defended the so-called in the fall of 1942. Pavlov's house in the center of Stalingrad. This house and its defenders became a symbol of the heroic defense of the city on the Volga. The heroic story of this house is as follows. During the bombing of the city, all the buildings in the square were destroyed and only one 4-story building miraculously survived. From the upper floors it was possible to observe it and keep the enemy-occupied part of the city under fire (up to 1 km to the west, and even further in the northern and southern directions). Thus, the house acquired important tactical significance in the defense zone of the 42nd regiment. Fulfilling the order of the commander, Colonel I.P. Elin, at the end of September, Sergeant Ya.F. Pavlov with three soldiers entered the house and found about 30 civilians in it: women, old people, and children. The scouts occupied the house and held it for two days. On the third day, reinforcements arrived to help the brave four. The garrison of the “House of Pavlov” (as it began to be called on the operational maps of the division and regiment) consisted of a machine-gun platoon under the command of Guard Lieutenant I.F. Afanasyev (7 people and one heavy machine gun), a group of armor-piercing soldiers led by the assistant guard platoon commander, senior sergeant A. A. Sobgaida (6 people and three anti-tank rifles), 7 machine gunners under the command of Sergeant Ya. F. Pavlov, four mortar men (2 mortars) under the command of junior lieutenant A. N. Chernyshenko. There are 24 people in total. The soldiers adapted the house for all-round defense. The skillful organization of home defense and the heroism of the soldiers allowed the small garrison to successfully repel enemy attacks for 58 days. The newspaper “Red Star” wrote on October 1, 1942: “Every day the guards take on attacks from enemy tanks and infantry, supported by aviation and artillery. And they always repel the enemy’s onslaught to the last opportunity, covering the earth with new dozens and hundreds of fascist corpses.” The fight for Pavlov's House is one of many examples of the heroism of the Soviet people during the days of the battle for the city. Ruben Ruiz Ibarruri (January 9, September 1942) Hero of the Soviet Union, commander of a machine gun company, captain. In the summer of 1942, commanding a machine gun company, he showed exceptional courage. On August 23, a German tank group broke through in the area of Kotluban station (Ilovlya Gumrak section of the Stalingrad railway) and threatened to cut off Stalingrad from the main group of Soviet troops. The 35th was advanced towards the enemy guards division. Since the main units of the division were still on the march, they were moved to the station area rifle battalion and a machine gun company. The detachment held back the enemy advance for about a day. At dawn on August 24 German troops went on the attack. During the battle, the battalion commander was killed, and Ruben Ibarruri took command. First, the Germans were stopped by heavy fire from a machine gun company and battalion, and then Ruben Ibarruri raised the soldiers in a counterattack and drove the enemy back. The Germans left about 100 corpses of their soldiers and officers, guns, mortars and other weapons on the battlefield. Ruben Ruiz Ibarruri (January 9, September 1942) Hero of the Soviet Union, commander of a machine gun company, captain. In the summer of 1942, commanding a machine gun company, he showed exceptional courage. On August 23, a German tank group broke through in the area of Kotluban station (Ilovlya Gumrak section of the Stalingrad railway) and threatened to cut off Stalingrad from the main group of Soviet troops. The 35th Guards Division was advanced to meet the enemy. Since the main units of the division were still on the march, an infantry battalion and a machine gun company were moved to the station area. The detachment held back the enemy advance for about a day. At dawn on August 24, German troops launched an attack. During the battle, the battalion commander was killed, and Ruben Ibarruri took command. First, the Germans were stopped by heavy fire from a machine gun company and battalion, and then Ruben Ibarruri raised the soldiers in a counterattack and drove the enemy back. The Germans left about 100 corpses of their soldiers and officers, guns, mortars and other weapons on the battlefield. Vasily Ivanovich Chuikov (February 12, March 1982) Soviet military leader, Marshal of the Soviet Union (1955), during the Great Patriotic War, commander of the 62nd Army, which especially distinguished itself in Battle of Stalingrad. Twice Hero of the Soviet Union (1944, 1945). Participated in defensive battles on the distant approaches to Stalingrad. From September 1942 he commanded the 62nd Army, which became famous for its heroic six-month defense of Stalingrad in street fighting in a completely destroyed city, fighting on isolated bridgeheads on the banks of the wide Volga. Vasily Ivanovich Chuikov (February 12, March 1982) Soviet military leader, Marshal of the Soviet Union (1955), during the Great Patriotic War, commander of the 62nd Army, which particularly distinguished itself in the Battle of Stalingrad. Twice Hero of the Soviet Union (1944, 1945). He took part in defensive battles on the distant approaches to Stalingrad. From September 1942 he commanded the 62nd Army, which became famous for its heroic six-month defense of Stalingrad in street fighting in a completely destroyed city, fighting on isolated bridgeheads on the banks of the wide Volga.

Bow to the earth, harsh and beautiful, That will forever be dear to people! Here is a new city - bright, clear, the Steppe expanse and the banks of the Volga. Having become harsh and beautiful on the earth, you dig sand, but it is not all yellow, It is not golden, but dark red, Like the blood of heroes shed here.

February 2 is the day of the defeat of Nazi troops by Soviet troops in the Battle of Stalingrad. It lasted 200 days and claimed more than a million lives of Russian people. The Germans considered Stalingrad hell on Earth. When, if not today, should we remember the heroes of Stalingrad. So who are they... The Great Heroes of the Great Battle?

The feat of Nikolai Serdyukov

Nikolai Filippovich Serdyukov was born in 1924 in the village. Goncharovka, Oktyabrsky district, Volgograd region. He spent his childhood and school years here. In June 1941, he entered the Stalingrad FZO school, after graduating from which he worked as a metal worker at the Barrikady plant.

In August 1942 he was drafted into the active army, and on January 13, 1943 he accomplished his feat, which made his name immortal. These were the days when Soviet troops destroyed enemy units surrounded at Stalingrad. Junior Sergeant Nikolai Serdyukov was a machine gunner in the 15th Guards Rifle Division, which trained many Heroes of the Soviet Union.

The division led an offensive in the area of the settlements of Karpovka and Stary Rogachik (35-40 km west of Stalingrad). The Nazis, entrenched in Stary Rohachik, blocked the path of the advancing Soviet troops. Along the railway embankment there was a heavily fortified area of enemy defense.

The guardsmen of the 4th Guards Company of Lieutenant Rybas were given the task of overcoming a 600-meter open space, a minefield, wire fences and knocking out the enemy from trenches and trenches.

At the agreed time, the company launched an attack, but machine-gun fire from three enemy pillboxes that survived our artillery barrage forced the soldiers to lie down in the snow. The attack failed.

When the Soviet soldiers rose to attack, the third pillbox spoke. Komsomol member N. Serdyukov turned to the company commander: “Allow me, Comrade Lieutenant.”

The street and school where he studied are named after the 18-year-old hero of Stalingrad. His name is included forever in the lists of personnel of one of the units of the Volgograd garrison.

N.F. Serdyukov is buried in the village. New Rogachik (Gorodishche district, Volgograd region).

The feat of the defenders of Pavlov's House

On the square. There is a mass grave of V.I. Lenin. The memorial plaque reads: “The soldiers of the 13th Guards Order of Lenin Rifle Division and the 10th Division of the NKVD Troops, who died in the battles for Stalingrad, are buried here.”

In October - November, pressed to the Volga, the division occupied defense along a front of 5-6 km, the depth of the defensive line ranged from 100 to 500 m. The command of the 62nd Army set the task for the guardsmen: to turn every trench into a strong point, every house into impregnable fortress. The “Pavlov’s House” became such an impregnable fortress on this square.

The heroic story of this house is as follows. During the bombing of the city, all the buildings in the square were destroyed and only one 4-story building miraculously survived. From the upper floors it was possible to observe it and keep the enemy-occupied part of the city under fire (up to 1 km to the west, and even further in the northern and southern directions). Thus, the house acquired important tactical significance in the defense zone of the 42nd regiment.

Fulfilling the order of the commander, Colonel I.P. Elin, at the end of September, Sergeant Ya.F. Pavlov with three soldiers entered the house and found about 30 civilians in it - women, old people, children. The scouts occupied the house and held it for two days.

On the third day, reinforcements arrived to help the brave four. The garrison of the “House of Pavlov” (as it began to be called on the operational maps of the division and regiment) consisted of a machine-gun platoon under the command of Guard Lieutenant I.F. Afanasyev (7 people and one heavy machine gun), a group of armor-piercing soldiers led by the assistant guard platoon commander, senior sergeant A. A. Sobgaida (6 people and three anti-tank rifles), 7 machine gunners under the command of Sergeant Ya. F. Pavlov, four mortar men (2 mortars) under the command of junior lieutenant A. N. Chernyshenko. There are 24 people in total.

The soldiers adapted the house for all-round defense. The firing points were moved outside of it, and underground communication passages were made to them. Sappers from the side of the square mined the approaches to the house, placing anti-tank and anti-personnel mines.

The skillful organization of home defense and the heroism of the soldiers allowed the small garrison to successfully repel enemy attacks for 58 days.

The fight for Pavlov's House is one of many examples of the heroism of Soviet people during the battle for the city.

There were more than 100 such houses that became strongholds in the 62nd Army’s zone of operations.

Another name is associated with the history of the “House of Pavlov”, the name of a simple Russian woman, whom many now call “the dear woman of Russia” - Alexandra Maksimovna Cherkasova. It was she, a kindergarten worker, who in the spring of 1943, after work, brought soldiers’ wives like herself here to dismantle the ruins and breathe life into this building. Cherkasova’s noble initiative found a response in the hearts of residents. In 1948, there were 80 thousand people in the Cherkasov brigades. From 1943 to 1952 they worked 20 million hours for free in their free time. The name of A.I. Cherkasova and all members of her team is included in the city’s Book of Honor.

Gvardeiskaya Square

Not far from the “Pavlov’s House”, on the banks of the Volga, among new bright buildings stands the terrible, war-damaged building of the mill named after. Grudinin (Grudinin K.N. - Bolshevik worker. He worked at the mill as a turner, was elected secretary of the communist cell. The party cell led by Grudinin waged a decisive struggle against the disguised enemies of Soviet power, who decided to take revenge on the brave communist. On May 26, 1922 he was killed by a shot from around the corner. Buried in the Komsomolsky Garden).

There is a memorial plaque on the mill building: “The ruins of the mill named after K. N. Grudinin are a historical reserve. Here in 1942 there were fierce battles between soldiers of the 13th Guards Order of Lenin Rifle Division and the Nazi invaders.” During the battle, there was an observation post of the commander of the 42nd regiment of the 13th Guards Rifle Division.

A burnt mill building with empty window sockets will tell descendants more eloquently than any words about the horrors of war, that peace was won at a high price.

The feat of Mikhail Panikakha

Fascist tanks rushed towards the positions of the marine battalion. Several enemy vehicles were moving toward the trench in which sailor Mikhail Panikakha was located, firing from cannons and machine guns.

Through the roar of shots and shell explosions, the clanging of caterpillars could be heard more and more clearly. By this time, Panikaha had already used up all his grenades. He only had two bottles of flammable mixture left. He leaned out of the trench and swung, aiming the bottle at the nearest tank. At that moment, a bullet broke the bottle raised above his head. The warrior flared up like a living torch. But the hellish pain did not cloud his consciousness. He grabbed the second bottle. The tank was nearby. And everyone saw how a burning man jumped out of the trench, ran close to the fascist tank and hit the grille of the engine hatch with a bottle. An instant - and a huge flash of fire and smoke consumed the hero along with the fascist car he set on fire.

This heroic feat of Mikhail Panikakh immediately became known to all the soldiers of the 62nd Army.

His friends from the 193rd Infantry Division did not forget about this. Panikakh's friends told Demyan Bedny about his feat. The poet responded in poetry.

He fell, but his honor lives on;
The highest award for a hero
Under his name are the words:
He was the defender of Stalingrad.

In the midst of tank attacks
There was a Red Navy man named Panikakha,
They're down to the last bullet
The defense held strong.

But no match for the sea lads
Show the backs of your enemy's heads,
There are no more grenades, two left
Bottles with flammable liquid.

The hero fighter grabbed one:
“I’ll throw it at the last tank!”
Filled with ardent courage,
He stood with a raised bottle.

“One, two... I won’t miss!”
Suddenly, at that moment, like a bullet right through
The bottle of liquid was broken,
The hero was engulfed in flames.

But having become a living torch,
He did not lose his fighting spirit,
With contempt for the sharp, burning pain
Fighter hero on enemy tank
The second one rushed with the bottle.
Hooray! Fire! A puff of black smoke,
The engine hatch is engulfed in fire,
There is a wild howl in a burning tank,
The team howled and the driver,
He fell, having accomplished his feat,
Our Red Navy soldier,
But he fell like a proud winner!
To knock down the flame on your sleeve,
Chest, shoulders, head,
Burning torch avenger warrior
I didn't roll on the grass
Seek salvation in the swamp.

He burned the enemy with his fire,
Legends are written about him -
Our immortal Red Navy man.

Panikakh's feat is captured in stone in the monument-ensemble on Mamayev Kurgan.

The feat of signalman Matvey Putilov

When communication stopped on Mamayev Kurgan at the most intense moment of the battle, an ordinary signalman of the 308th Infantry Division, Matvey Putilov, went to repair the wire break. While restoring the damaged communication line, both his hands were crushed by mine fragments. Losing consciousness, he tightly clamped the ends of the wire with his teeth. Communication was restored. For this feat, Matvey was posthumously awarded the Order of the Patriotic War, II degree. His communication reel was passed on to the best signalmen of the 308th division.

Vasily Zaitsev

Zaitsev Vasily Grigorievich (March 23, 1915 - December 15, 1991) - sniper of the 1047th Infantry Regiment (284th Infantry Division, 62nd Army, Stalingrad Front), junior lieutenant.

Born on March 23, 1915 in the village of Elino, now Agapovsky district, Chelyabinsk region, in a peasant family. Russian. Member of the CPSU since 1943. Graduated from a construction technical school in Magnitogorsk. Since 1936 in the Navy. Graduated from the Military Economic School. The war found Zaitsev in the position of head of the financial department in the Pacific Fleet, in Preobrazhenye Bay.

In the battles of the Great Patriotic War from September 1942. He received a sniper rifle from the hands of the commander of his 1047th regiment, Metelev, a month later, along with the medal "For Courage". By that time, Zaitsev had killed 32 Nazis from a simple “three-line rifle”. In the period from November 10 to December 17, 1942, in the battles for Stalingrad, he killed 225 soldiers and officers of the pr-ka, including 11 snipers (among whom was Heinz Horwald). Directly on the front line, he taught sniper work to soldiers in the commanders, trained 28 snipers. In January 1943, Zaitsev was seriously wounded. Professor Filatov saved his sight in a Moscow hospital.

The title of Hero of the Soviet Union with the presentation of the Order of Lenin and the Gold Star medal was awarded to Vasily Grigorievich Zaitsev on February 22, 1943.

After the war he was demobilized. He worked as director of the Kyiv Machine-Building Plant. Died on December 15, 1991.

Awarded the Order of Lenin, 2 Orders of the Red Banner, Order of the Patriotic War 1st degree, and medals. The ship plying along the Dnieper bears his name.

Two films have been made about the famous duel between Zaitsev and Horvald. "Angels of Death" 1992 directed by Yu.N. Ozerov, starring Fyodor Bondarchuk. And the film "Enemy at the Gates" 2001 directed by Jean-Jacques Annaud, in the role of Zaitsev - Jude Law.

He was buried on Mamayev Kurgan.

Gulya (Marionella) Queen

Koroleva Marionella Vladimirovna (Gulya Koroleva) Born on September 10, 1922 in Moscow. She died on November 23, 1942. Medical instructor of the 214th Infantry Division.

On January 9, 1943, the command of the Don Front was awarded the Order of the Red Banner (posthumously).

In Panshino, the village library is named in her honor, the name is carved in gold on the banner in the Hall of Military Glory on Mamayev Kurgan. A street in the Traktorozavodsky district of Volgograd and a village are named after her.

Elena Ilyina’s book “The Fourth Height” is dedicated to the feat, which has been translated into many languages of the world.

Heroes of the Battle of Stalingrad - who they were, their legendary exploits. How did their fate turn out? Awards that have found their heroes.

The heroes of the Battle of Stalingrad are ordinary people with an iron will to Victory

Battle of Stalingrad in total lasted two hundred days and nights. In terms of the number of troops and the scale of the fighting that unfolded, this battle became the largest in the history of mankind. At all its stages, the situation developed differently, there were errors in planning and management, there were unjustified losses, and the city was completely destroyed. But we also remember the brilliantly developed and carried out counter offensive operation. And all two hundred days of the battle are filled with the heroism of the Soviet people, each of them is part of a large mosaic, the name of which is Victory.

“Pavlov’s House” has become a household name. Initially, without even a tactical significance, it gradually turned into a strategic stronghold. Its defense lasted 58 days. Most At the time, there were residents in the house who could not be evacuated immediately, and later this was difficult to do for a number of reasons. They hid in the basement, relying on their courageous defenders- the only hope.

Twenty-five people heroically defended the four-story building for two months. For them, this house was “Stalingrad”. And it is probably unfair that only one of them was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union - Sergeant Pavlov.

Risen from the dead

Senior Lieutenant Nikolai Kochetkov fought in the skies of Stalingrad, as part of the Eighth air army, given Stalingrad Front. He was " shot sparrow", fought from the first days of the war. By the beginning of the battle, he had already been awarded the Order of the Red Banner of Battle.

At the beginning of September 1942, in the area of one of the patrols in the west of Stalingrad, Kochetkov’s plane was shot down with a direct hit on the tank. The pilot directed the burning apparatus towards a concentration of enemy equipment and personnel. All his colleagues watched as he exploded on the ground, they did not see only one thing - how brave pilot survived.

Hero of the Soviet Union - Nikolai Kochetkov

In November, Captain Kochetkov was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union - posthumously. And Nikolai ended up in a prisoner of war camp. On the second attempt he escaped, and on October 28 he was already at the location of the Soviet troops. After lengthy interrogations and checks by our special authorities, he returned to the active army. He took part in many more air battles.

He left service with the rank of colonel twenty years after the end of the war. In addition to the Hero's star, he had a whole scattering of military awards. Nikolai Pavlovich was awarded: the “Order of Lenin”, two orders of the “Red Banner of Battle”, the order “ Patriotic War» 1st degree, Order of Alexander Nevsky, Order of the Red Star, many medals. The hero of the defense of Stalingrad lived to this day and died on August 27, 2016.

Stalingrad "hunters"

When people talk about the Battle of Stalingrad, many people remember legendary sniper Vasily Zaitsev. Indeed, he was an excellent master of his craft. Having arrived in Stalingrad in the early autumn of 1942, in just over a month he had on his account 225, as they now say, confirmed liquidations. Most of them are officers and eleven German snipers. Zaitsev was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union, he was twice awarded the Order of the Red Banner of Battle and many other military awards. He was buried, or rather, reburied in the Alley of Heroes of Mamayev Kurgan. But Vasily was not the only one, but one of many snipers in the Battle of Stalingrad. According to very conservative estimates, sniper groups destroyed about ten thousand Nazis.

Among the defenders of Stalingrad, the Nanai, the valiant son of his people, Maxim Passar, distinguished himself. There were 234 fascists on his account. They were afraid of him, there were legends about him, as if he could see in the dark as if it were day. He had many awards, but became a Hero of Russia only in 2010. Died in January '43.

350 fascists in Stalingrad were destroyed by the master of camouflage, Hero of the Soviet Union, Nikolai Ilyin. He was a very resourceful fighter, soldier Kulibin. His military exploits were known far beyond the boundaries of the military unit. He equipped an anti-tank rifle optical sight and destroyed several enemy tanks and aircraft. Died in August 1943.

The sniper war in Stalingrad became widespread. It was in this battle that the tactics of using sniper groups in urban battles were developed, which were later very useful.

Heroic young fighters

Your contribution to the victory in greatest battle V folk history The pioneers also contributed. Feats of young defenders hometown live in the hearts of Volgograd residents to this day.

A fourteen-year-old boy, Ivan Fedorov, originally from near Smolensk, made his way onto a military train en route to Stalingrad. They tried to put him down several times, but by hook or by crook he made his way back. As a result, the young man was assigned as an assistant cook in the kitchen. At the same time, the boy secretly mastered the magpie cannon, eventually becoming an ammunition carrier. He truly was the son of the regiment. By order of Stalin, all teenagers who joined the active units were sent to the rear to study in crafts and newly formed Suvorov schools, but they didn’t have time to send Ivan.

On October 14, in a battle on Mamayev Kurgan, he lost his hand right hand, and the left one was broken at the elbow. He was thrown aside, and in the heat of battle everyone considered him dead. The tanks began to move around. At that moment, Ivan rose from the crater, pressing the grenade to his chest with his stump, tore out the ring with his teeth and rushed under the lead tank. The stunned Germans retreated. It would seem that he, more than anyone, deserves the title of Hero. However, Ivan Fedorov was not awarded a single government award.

Ivan Fedorov - fourteen-year-old hero

In general, there was a lot of pioneering valor in the Battle of Stalingrad. The exploits of Lucy Radyno and Sasha Filippov, who repeatedly crossed the front line and delivered valuable intelligence information, live in the memory of the people. Sasha Filippov was hanged by the Nazis on December 23, 1942.

Vanya Tsygankov, Misha Shesterenko, Yegor Pokrovsky were tortured by the Germans. They carried out sabotage work on enemy communications in the area of the city of Kalach. Misha Romanov fought in a partisan detachment and died in battle along with his father. Seventeen schoolchildren from the Lyapichevskaya school - the “barefoot garrison” - were shot by the Nazis in front of their parents for sabotage work. This list can be continued for a very long time.

Most of the young participants in the battle were awarded medals “For Courage”, “For military merits", "For the defense of Stalingrad." Unfortunately, many were awarded posthumously.

Die Hard Division

Soviet soldiers also showed mass heroism in entire units and formations. Case in point- a feat of the soldiers of the 138th Infantry Division, who defended a section of the territory of the Barricades plant with an area of only 27 hectares from August to January 1942. It was subsequently commanded by Hero of the Soviet Union Ivan Ilyich Lyudnikov. This area was called “Lyudnikov Island”.

The division was in a semi-circle with very limited ammunition and food. But this section remained insurmountable for the Wehrmacht troops; they did not reach the Volga. Subsequently, the formation was reorganized into the 70th Guards rifle division and was awarded the Order of the Red Banner.

"Lyudnikov Island"

From the forty-first year, units and formations that distinguished themselves began to be given the name “Guards.” And after the Battle of Stalingrad, a new encouragement appeared: immediately 44 infantry tank and mechanized divisions and corps received honorary names - Abganervsky, Basarginsky, Voroponovsky, Donsky, Zimovnikovsky, Kantemirovsky, Kotelnikovsky, Srednedonsky, Stalingradsky, Tatsinsky.

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75 years have passed since the end of the battle on the Volga. The memory of the heroes of the Battle of Stalingrad is still alive today. No source can give an exact number of streets, squares, schools, cultural institutions, metro stations and other objects around the world named after legendary heroes– defenders of Stalingrad, or formations and units participating in the battle. Probably, knowing the exact figure is not so important, the main thing is not to forget the price paid by the Red Army and the entire Soviet people. And remember that there are still living participants in the monumental Battle of Stalingrad.

Monument to the Heroes of the Battle of Stalingrad