It’s difficult: the charm of the east and the bustling metropolises of the west seem unrealistically different and even distant. However, in modern world In the era of globalization, the exact outlines of the continents are becoming increasingly blurred, and the boundaries of Asia are becoming less precise. The history of the division of countries into eastern and western includes several stages:
- The appearance of the names dates back to the era of Ancient Greece. It is believed that Europe came from a phrase that meant “land of sunsets.” Asia personified the Oceanid Asia - the daughter of the deity Ocean and Tethys;
- In those distant times, the border ran through the center Mediterranean Sea, later there was a significant shift to the east;
- About 3,000 years ago there was a change – the line was officially set by Kerch Strait and the Don River. This statement is given in the works of Ptolemy, it was recognized until the 18th century;
- In 1730, further changes occurred - Tatishchev and Stralenberg, in their scientific works, established the border along the ridge of the Ural Mountains, through the Caucasus, the Sea of Azov, the Black Sea and the Bosporus Strait.
Borders of Europe and Asia
Later, new attempts were made to change the existing division of the world, but they were not successful - for 300 years the European and Asian parts of the planet have been divided.
Where is the border between Europe and Asia - interesting
Although it has long been known where the border between Europe and Asia lies, there are still some discrepancies among geographers and historians. This is due to the fact that each criterion for identifying this milestone is unique. Some experts take into account administrative factors, others – landscape, demographic or historical factors. However, the generally accepted position in the world is to divide the world into two parts:
- Ural Mountains (East End) and the Mugodzhar ridge - they also share the territory of Russia;
- River Emba, Don, Kuma;
- Northern part of the Caspian Sea;
- Southern coast of the Azov Sea;
- Kerch Strait;
- Aegean Sea.
This identification of the border allows us to accurately answer questions that concern researchers, ordinary people and tourists. Azerbaijan and Georgia are usually classified as Asian countries, the Kerch Peninsula is Europe, and the Taman Peninsula is. The Caspian Sea is located in the Asian part of the planet, and the Azov Sea is in the European part.
Asia and Europe - important differences
Undoubtedly, Europe and Asia are two completely different worlds, distinguished by a special atmosphere, political and religious views, and national traditions. What differences are the first to become noticeable to a tourist?
Sights of Europe
- Nature - in the east there are more beautiful places untouched by human hands, more possibilities to retire and enjoy the silence;
- Security level– by this criterion, Europe wins a landslide victory. The level of social responsibility is higher here, law enforcement agencies work better;
- Nutrition - as we know, are becoming increasingly popular in developed countries Oh. And if previously Europeans preferred to eat fast food, now they choose sushi;
- Service - of course, the level of service in hotels and restaurants in Europe is much higher than in Asia. But the Turkish “All inclusive” cannot be compared with the Italian or Spanish service;
- Cost of holiday– you can spend a vacation in Vietnam much cheaper than in European countries Oh. The level of income of the population and prices affect;
- Attractions– Europe is rich in architectural delights of the Renaissance and Middle Ages. Temples and palaces in Asia have more long history– the date of their construction dates back to the past era;
- Entertainment - according to this criterion, both parts of the world can compete with each other. It is difficult to assess where the holiday will be more eventful and fun;
- Relationships with children– hospitable Asians love to tinker with other people’s children; no such habit has been observed among Europeans.
Of course, it is impossible to say for sure where it is better to relax - in Asia or Europe. But it is the east in last years gained unprecedented popularity. It attracts travelers with its beauty, luxury, spicy aromas and precious silks.
Sights on the border of two civilizations
Considering the relevance of the issue of where the border of Europe and Asia lies, many monuments and steles have been erected at this border, demonstrating the unity of peoples. Most of them are located in Russia:
- Obelisk on Birch Mountain– located near Yekaterinburg, installed in the 19th century. A majestic double-headed eagle sits on a huge pillar;
- Monument near Pervouralsk– the not so massive statue is popular among residents of nearby towns. Nearby is a spring with clean water;
- Obelisk on the Novo-Moskovsky tract- installed recently - at the beginning of this century. Located 17 km from Yekaterinburg;
- Orenburg Obelisk– an impressively large column topped with a steel ball. The monument was erected in the 1980s around road bridge on the P-335 highway;
- Stele on the White Bridge– also located near Orenburg, is a relatively new building.
In addition, the attention of travelers is attracted by the obelisk in Magnitogorsk, Verkhneuralsk, near Urzhumka, Zlatoust and the village of Kedrovka. These monuments have no architectural value, but they become the subject of photographs.
What attracts tourists to holidays in Asia?
Just recently, tourists dreamed of traveling to European countries, but today the trends have changed dramatically. The popularity of Thailand, Vietnam, India and others is explained by several advantages:
- Reasonable value for money;
- Incredibly beautiful and diverse nature;
- Mentality local population aims to make your holiday enjoyable;
- Clean air and good ecology- however, there are also beaches where it is dirty;
- You can go to Southeast Asia all year round, the sea always remains warm;
- Varied and tasty food - exotic fruits, seafood and National dishes conquer gourmets;
- Shopping also attracts tourists, as in Asia you can buy clothes, accessories, cosmetics and much more.
Pros and cons of holidays in Asia and Europe
Sophisticated people refuse to holiday in Europe, preferring eastern countries. Here you can pamper yourself sandy beaches, and spend the night in clubs with bars, and. Rich cultural life, an incredible number of recreational opportunities, warm hospitality and excellent conditions for children - it is simply impossible to overestimate Asia.
To find the border between Europe and Asia, you first need to open a geographic atlas. You will see that most often the border between these parts of the world runs along the eastern base of the Ural Mountains, Mugodzhar, as well as the Emba River, along the northern shore of the Caspian Sea, along the Kerch Strait and the Kuma-Manych depression. In our country total length The border is more than five and a half thousand kilometers. Of these, 2000 km stretch along the Ural ridge, and nine hundred meters along the Caspian Sea.
It is worth noting that in some sources the border between Europe and Asia is determined by the watershed of the Ural Range, namely, along the Ural River, as well as the watershed of the Caucasus Range.
How is the border
Now let's take a closer look at where the border between Europe and Asia is. As we noted earlier, its line starts from the coast Kara Sea. It starts from the eastern base of the Ural ridge. The border line runs between the Komi Republic and Nenets Autonomous Okrug from the West and the Khanty-Mansi and Yamalo-Nenets districts from the east.
Then the border goes east of the administrative border between the two regions - from the west of the Perm Territory, and from the East - Sverdlovsk region. The southwestern regions of the latter remain in Europe.
Further, the border leaves Satkinsky, Katav-Ivanovsky and Ashinsky districts in Europe Chelyabinsk region, and besides - western territories cities and districts of regional subordination bordering Bashkiria. The border also divides the Orenburg region, leaving most of its territory in Europe. In the Aktobe region of Kazakhstan, the border continues to the south. There it goes along the eastern foot of Mugodzhar and reaches the Caspian lowland along the Emba River. Then, through the Caspian Sea, it reaches the mouth of the Kuma River, then passes through the Kuma-Manych depression to the lower reaches of the Don and then goes along the shore of the Azov Sea on the southern side.
Geography, it would seem, is the most studied science, in which there are few unclear points left. However, the most simple questions sometimes they are perplexed not only ordinary people, but scientists. Where, for example, is the border between Europe and Asia?
Textbooks and reference books give a clear answer to this question. However, neither in scientific community, there is still no agreement in political circles on this issue.
The fact is that the border between these two parts of the world passes through the territory of a single continent - Eurasia, that is, on land. This is the most important difference between Europe and Asia and other parts of the world, which are separated by expanses of water. In geography, it is generally accepted that the boundary in such a case is tectonic fault or watershed.
Surprisingly, even with modern development In science, it is not always possible to accurately determine, to the nearest kilometer, exactly where this axis lies.
There is another factor complicating the drawing of the border between Europe and Asia - geopolitical. Europe and Asia are not only geographical, but also political, cultural and civilizational objects. What type of culture does it belong to? huge Russia? 
Can the countries of Transcaucasia and Turkey, which so strive to join the European Union, but geographically belong to Asia, be considered European? Which Russian regions belong to Europe and which to Asia? And why do some foreign cartographic publications plot eastern border Europe exactly on the border Russian Federation, classifying the European part of our country as Asia?
One thing is certain: over time, the notorious border constantly shifted to the east, since everything larger number countries and regions wanted to consider themselves European.
All these questions force geographers to return again and again to the problem of the Asian-European border, to conduct additional research and expeditions.
The border between Europe and Asia - what did geographers agree on?
While researchers are studying, politicians are arguing, cultural experts are writing articles, students and schoolchildren are being told that the border between Europe and Asia runs as established by the International Geographical Society. More precisely, here's how:
Along the eastern base of the Ural ridge and the Mugodzhar spur;
Along the Emba River, which flows into the Caspian Sea;
By north shore Caspian Sea; 
- along the Kuma-Manych depression, which is now the floodplain of the Kuma and Manych rivers, and in ancient times was a strait connecting the Black Sea with the Caspian Sea;
Along the Black Sea, Bosphorus and Dardanelles straits.
The Mediterranean coast east of the Dardanelles belongs to Asia, to the west – to Europe.
What are the disputes about?
There are two sections of the Asian-European border that cause the most heated disputes. This is the area south of the Ural Mountains (to the Caspian Sea) and the bridge between the Caspian and Black Seas.
In the first case, the problem is caused by the fact that in its southern part the Ural ridge splits into several spurs. Which of them is considered the border between Europe and Asia has not yet been established with precision.
As for the section of the border in the Caucasus region, there are also several opinions. Some scientists propose drawing the border along the Kuma-Manych lowland, others along the watershed of the Caucasus ridge, and still others even further to the south. 
In order to resolve the issue of the border between Asia and Europe once and for all, Russian scientists proposed using not only a geographical, but also a political, cultural and civilizational approach. The international community has been asked to consider an option in which the border leaves the Ural Mountains and the Sea of Azov within Europe, and the Caucasus within Asia.
It is obvious that establishing a border between Europe and Asia is not only scientific, but also administrative and political problem. Let's hope that this issue will be resolved in the coming years. international level and we won’t have to argue about which of us lives in Europe and which in Asia.
Tip 1: Where is the border between Europe and Asia?
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Geography textbooks clearly state that the border between Europe and Asia runs directly along the Ural ridge and down to the Caucasus. This fact draws even more attention to the mountains, which are already full of secrets and mysteries.
Directly in the mountains there are border pillars that signal that Europe is on one side, Asia on the other. However, the pillars were placed very poorly. The fact is that they do not entirely correspond to historical data.
Different approaches to defining boundaries
In addition, when comparing several sources, we can come to the conclusion that regarding the Caucasus there is generally no consensus on where the border lies. The most common opinion is that it runs along the main watersheds of the ridge. Other sources indicate that the border runs along the northern slope. By the way, if you look at the atlas of Soviet times, then the Euro-Asian border runs directly along the border of the USSR.
This attitude towards the passage of the border has led to disputes regarding the territories of Asia and Europe, which for some scientific circles is almost a primary task. They are still arguing whether Mont Blanc and Elbrus should be classified as Asia or Europe.
Leading scientists claim that it is impossible to draw the border between parts of the world with an accuracy of a kilometer. The point is that there are no sharp transitions between them. If we approach it from the point of view of climate differences, there is no difference, the same applies to vegetation, wildlife and soil structure.
The only thing you can rely on is the structure earth's surface, which reflects geology. This is precisely what leading geographers relied on in their time, trying to draw the border between Asia and Europe. They took the Urals and the Caucasus as a basis.
Conditional and real border
A natural question arises here: how to draw the border in the mountains? It is known that the width of the Ural Mountains is about 150 kilometers, the Caucasus Mountains are even wider. That is why the border was drawn along the main watersheds, which are located in the mountains. That is, the border is completely arbitrary and cannot be considered accurate, even if counted in kilometers. However, subsequently a competent decision was made, according to which the modern border has clearer contours.
For the average resident, the answer to the question: “Where is the border between Europe and Asia?” can be given in the following way: “Across the Urals and the Caucasus.” He will be quite pleased with such an answer. What about cartographers? After all, it was possible to draw the borders of Europe along the Ural River both on the left and on the right. Similar examples many can be cited. For this reason, in scientific circles it was decided to consider the border to pass along the eastern slope of the Urals and Mugodzhar. Afterwards it goes along the Emba River, to the northern shore of the Caspian Sea to
Kerch Strait.
That is, recently the entire Urals are part of Europe, and the Caucasus is part of Asia. As for the Sea of Azov, it is “European”.
Official border between Asia and Europe
Drawing a continental border is very difficult. Between Asia and Europe it constantly changed its shape. This happened due to the gradual development of the Ural mountains and the lands of Siberia.
The official division of one continent into two (in the North-South direction) was carried out in 1964. At the 20th Congress of the International Geographical Union, scientists drew a clear boundary line between Asia and Europe. Based on these data, the following situation was recorded.
The border begins in the Kara Sea, in Baydaratskaya Bay. Further, the dividing line runs along the eastern part of the Ural Mountains and follows down the eastern Perm Territory. Thus, both Chelyabinsk and Yekaterinburg turn out to be located in Asia.
Further, the border goes along the Ural River, passes into the Orenburg region and descends to the northern part of Kazakhstan. There it is “picked up” by the Emba River and descends straight into the Caspian Sea. Leaving north coast The Caspian Sea in Europe, the border reaches the Kuma River and along with it crosses the northern part of the Caucasus Mountains. Further the path passes along the Don to Sea of Azov, and then to Black. From the latter, the border between Asia and Europe “flows” into the Bosphorus Strait, where it ends. Ending at the Bosphorus Strait, the border divided Istanbul into two continents. As a result, there are two parts to it: European and Asian (Eastern).
Along the path of the border there are several states, which it happily “divides” into two continents. This applies to Russia, Ukraine, Kazakhstan, Turkey. It should be noted that the latter “got it” the most: the border divided its capital into two parts.
However, after the official border was drawn, disputes and speculation about it did not subside. Scientists assure that it is impossible to clearly draw a line based on any external/internal parameters. For example, by vegetation, climate or soils. The only real measure is geological history terrain. Therefore, the Urals and the Caucasus turned out to be the main border landmarks.
Today the Caucasus and the Urals are not divided into parts by a border. It passes only along their bases, leaving the mountains untouched. This approach greatly simplified the work of geologists.
But this situation caused difficulties in the work of cartographers. Reproducing one of the continents, scientists had to divide the mountain ranges into unequal parts. It is almost impossible to carry out such a procedure accurately. This situation had a negative impact on the work of geologists who often use maps: parts of the mountains were “scattered”, although historically they were single massifs.
Crete is an amazingly beautiful island, it separates the Mediterranean and Aegean seas and runs the border between Africa, Europe and Asia. Four thousand years ago it was born here ancient civilization world - Minoan. The remains of palaces have survived to this day, as proof of the greatness of a brilliant civilization.
Crete has a well-developed tourism infrastructure and excellent conditions for travelers and guests to relax. Attractive for tourists unique nature With warm waters seas, picturesque gorges, cozy bays with azure clear water. In Russia, drops are singing, the first snowdrops are appearing, and on the island at the end of April the swimming season already begins.
Crete is rich in attractions, ancient and cultural monuments, as well as hospitable, friendly people. Millions of vacationers from all over the world come here every year to visit the palaces of Crete and monuments to the Minoan kings, amazing in aesthetics and architecture. It was here that the myths about Tessa, who killed the Minotaur, the beautiful Ariadne and her guiding thread, Daedalus and Icarus, arose.
Excursions are offered on the island to introduce guests to local traditions. The fiery Cretan dances, performed in folk costumes to national music, are a delightful spectacle. The island of Crete promises a wonderful holiday, exciting travels, and a sunny paradise. Getting to heaven is easy and inexpensive.
The border between Asia and Europe: where it is, interesting facts
The continent of Eurasia is divided into two parts of the world: Europe and Asia. Everyone has known about this since school. But not everyone can show the border between Europe and Asia on a map. And the researchers themselves, to be honest, still cannot come to unanimous opinion regarding this issue.
In this article we will try to understand where the border between Europe and Asia is drawn today and how ideas about its location have changed over time.
Europe and Asia, West and East
In geography, the Earth's surface is usually divided into continents (or continents) and the so-called parts of the world. And if the identification of continents is based on objective geographical factors, then in the case of identifying parts of the world, historical and cultural criteria are more dominant.
Thus, the continent of Eurasia is conventionally divided into two parts – Asia and Europe. The first is significantly larger in area, the second is noticeably richer in material terms. Europe and Asia are already enough long time contrast each other as two completely different worlds. Europe (West) appears to us as a symbol of something correct, progressive, prosperous, and Asia (East) - as an image of something backward, almost barbaric. But all this is nothing more than stereotypes.
Europe – Asia: main differences
“East is East, West is West,” - this is what the great and wise writer Joseph Rudyard Kipling once said. “...And they won’t get along together!” In many ways, of course, he was right. The differences between the two global regions can be traced in culture, religion and philosophy, they are noticeable both on the individual and on the social level. The Eastern way of life and work was initially more scrupulous and monotonous. Just remember how long it takes the Chinese to draw just a few characters. IN eastern countries It is customary to pray while sitting, in the “lotus” position. But in Western world Christians pray mostly standing... There are a lot of differences!
It is interesting to note that in Lately In Europe, ideas and cultural trends from the East and Asia are becoming incredibly fashionable. Thus, yoga and martial arts classes are gaining popularity. Catholic priests and monks began to use rosaries in their prayer rituals. Many residents of prosperous European countries are increasingly buying tours to India, China and Nepal in order to get into the spirit of oriental cultures and peoples.
Europe and Asia: general information about parts of the world
Asia is four times larger in size than Europe. And its population is larger (about 60% of all mainland residents).
Europe owes its name to the heroine of the same name from the myths of Ancient Greece. The medieval historian Hesychius interpreted this toponym as “the land of sunsets.” It is curious that the ancient Greeks called Europe only northern regions modern Greece. The toponym "Asia" also comes from the name of the character of ancient Greek mythology - the Oceanid Asia, who was the daughter of two ancient deities(Ocean and Tethys).
Within modern Europe there are 50 independent states, including a number of the richest and most developed countries in the world (France, Germany, Great Britain, Norway, Sweden, Switzerland and others). There are 49 independent states in Asia.
Three mainland countries (Russia, Turkey and Kazakhstan) are located simultaneously in both Europe and Asia. Four more states (Cyprus, Armenia, Georgia and Azerbaijan) can be classified as both the first and second parts of the world, depending on where the border between Europe and Asia lies. Where is this border drawn today? Let's figure it out.
The border between Asia and Europe and the criteria for its identification
Which mountain peak Is it fair to call the highest point in Europe – Elbrus or Mont Blanc? Can the Sea of Azov be considered European? In which championship should the Georgian national football team compete? The answers to all these questions can be completely different. And everything will depend on which border between Europe and Asia is taken into account. And there are a lot of options (on the map below they are shown with different lines).
In fact, the border between Asia and Europe cannot be drawn along the surface of the Earth accurately and definitively. The problem is that there are no unambiguous criteria for determining it. IN different times researchers started from various factors in the process of identifying the European-Asian border:
- administrative;
- orographic;
- landscape;
- demographic;
- hydrological and others.
A short excursion into the history of the problem
Even the ancient Greeks tried to determine where the parts of the world familiar to them ended. AND conditional boundary between Europe and Asia in those days passed exactly through the Black Sea. But the Romans shifted it to the Sea of Azov and the Don River. It passed through these hydrological objects until the 18th century.
By the way, the Don River as a border between Asia and Europe appeared in many works of Russian scientists, in particular, in the book “On the Layers of the Earth” by M. V. Lomonosov.
In the 1730s, European geographers took up the problem of defining the Europe-Asia border and justifying it from a scientific point of view. In particular, the Swedish scientist F.I. von Stralenberg and the Russian researcher V.N. Tatishchev seriously studied this issue. The latter drew the European-Asian border along the Ural River and the mountain range of the same name.
Where is the border between Europe and Asia today?
Today, geographers on the planet, fortunately, have come to a more or less unanimous opinion on this issue. So, along what objects does the border between Asia and Europe pass? Let's list them from north to south:
- the eastern foot of the Ural Mountains and the Mugodzhar ridge;
- Emba River;
- northwestern coast of the Caspian Sea;
- the mouth of the Kuma River;
- Kuma-Manych depression;
- lower reaches of the Don;
- southeastern shores of the Sea of Azov;
- Kerch Strait;
- the Bosphorus and Dardanelles straits;
- Aegean Sea.
This is the definition of the border used today by the UN and the International Geographical Union. It is also presented in most modern cartographic atlases.
According to this division, Azerbaijan and Georgia should be considered Asian countries, and Istanbul is the largest transcontinental city (since it is located on both banks of the Bosphorus). It also turns out that the Kerch Peninsula of Crimea is located in Europe, and its neighbor Taman Peninsula together with the scythe Tuzla - already in Asia.
Obelisks and monuments on the border between Europe and Asia
The border line "Europe - Asia" is marked on the surface of the Earth with many monuments, obelisks and memorial signs. There are at least fifty of them in total! Most of them are installed in Russia.
The world's northernmost sign "Europe - Asia" is located at the Yugorsky Shar Strait. This is a small pole with an anchor and an information sign. Geographical coordinates of this sign: 69° 48’ northern latitude and 60° 43' East longitude.
The oldest such sign is located within the Northern Urals, near the village of Kedrovka. It is represented by a small chapel built back in 1868. But on Mount Berezovaya in Pervouralsk there is, perhaps, the most majestic and monumental sign “Europe - Asia”. This is a 25-meter granite obelisk that was installed here in 2008.
It is quite strange that in the area of the Bosphorus Bridge in Istanbul (seemingly on the most iconic stretch of the European-Asian border) there is only a tiny yellow sign with a modest double-sided inscription Welcome to Europe/Asia.
Finally
The border between Asia and Europe is very arbitrary and far from objective. According to modern definition geographers, it connects the Kara and Mediterranean seas, passing along the eastern foot of the Ural Mountains, the northwestern shores of the Caspian Sea, the Kuma-Manych depression, the Kerch Strait and the Bosphorus Strait.
Border "Europe-Asia"
The border between Europe and Asia runs along the Ural ridge. Or rather, along the watershed itself. However, disputes often flare up between experts - it is not always easy to accurately draw this line in some places. The most controversial is considered to be the territory located near Yekaterinburg - here the level of the Ural Mountains is the lowest - and south of Zlatoust, near which the Ural ridge is divided into several ridges, losing its axis and turning into a flat steppe.
It is curious, but relatively recently this border ran much further than it does today - along the Don River and the Kerch Strait. Moreover, such a division appeared a very long time ago and was used at the beginning of the eighteenth century. V.N. Tatishchev first proposed drawing the border along the Ural ridge in 1720. The works he wrote describe in detail why the border between two parts of the world - Europe and Asia - should pass along the Ural ridge, and not the Don.
One of the main arguments given by Tatishchev is the fact that the Ural ridge acts as a watershed - rivers flow along its slopes both to the west and to the east. However, such a proposal was not immediately supported.
There are many border monuments throughout the Urals, showing exactly where the line dividing Asia from Europe lies. Moreover, some of them are located in very hard-to-reach places. And some of them don't actually correspond to the actual boundary. For example, the northernmost monument is located on the banks of the Yugorsky Shar Strait. It was installed by employees polar station in 1973. Border sign it will turn out quite ordinary - an ordinary wooden pillar with the inscription “Europe-Asia”. In addition, a nailed chain with an anchor hangs from the pole. If we take the obelisk located most east, it is located in the village of Kurganovo, on Polevskoye Highway. It was installed even later in 1986.
One of the largest and most beautiful obelisks was the one installed in 2003 on the highway connecting the cities of Chusovoy and Kachkanar. Its height is quite impressive - as much as 16 meters. Right next to it, on the asphalt, there is a line showing where the border between parts of the world lies.
Initially, the monument erected here was an ordinary wooden pyramid with four sides and the inscriptions “Asia” and “Europe”. Emperor Alexander II, to whom the people gave the nickname Liberator, saw him while traveling with the poet V.A. Zhukovsky, state councilor and retinue, in May 1837.
A few years later - in 1846 - this monument was replaced. In its place they put a more serious stone one, created according to a design drawn up by the architect Karl of Tours, who worked at the Ural plant. The main material used in its manufacture was marble, and it stood on a stone pedestal. The top of the obelisk was crowned with a gilded eagle with two heads.
Soon after the revolution, this monument was destroyed - according to official version it reminded us of autocracy. However, just a few years later, already in 1926, a new monument was erected here. True, it was not made of marble, but only lined with granite. Of course, there was no eagle here either. A few decades later, in the mid-twentieth century, a cast iron fence was installed around the obelisk. At the end of the 20th century it was dismantled and posts with chains were installed.
Of course, this place has great historical value. Convicts, going to Siberia from the European part of Russia, took visiting lands here as a memory of their abandoned homeland.
Still on the same Birch Mountain, a little closer to the city of Pervouralsk, another obelisk was opened - already in 2008. On top of a thirty-meter pillar made of red granite sits a double-headed eagle.
There is also a monument “Europe-Asia” in the city of Yekaterinburg, at the 17th kilometer of the Novomoskovsky tract. It was installed relatively recently - in the summer of 2004. The architect was Konstantin Grunberg. This spectacle is truly impressive - a huge marble pedestal with a metal stele and a spacious observation deck. In addition, there are stones here taken from the most extreme points two parts of the world - Cape Dezhnev and Cape Roca.
Soon after the installation of the monument, disputes began about whether the location was chosen correctly. Many opponents insist that the monument was installed at a great distance from the watershed. Anyway, this place is visited today big amount tourists. Many people who come to Yekaterinburg try to take pictures here. Newlyweds also make sure to visit an important geographical point.
According to representatives of the authorities of Yekaterinburg, they have plans to erect a huge obelisk, similar in appearance to the Eiffel Tower. These will be the letters “E” and “A”, and their height will be about 180 meters.
Border between Europe and Asia
The border between parts of the world Europe and Asia Most often it is carried out along the eastern base of the Ural Mountains and Mugodzhary, the Emba River, along the northern shore of the Caspian Sea, along the Kuma-Manych depression and the Kerch Strait. The total length of the border across Russia is 5,524 km (of which 2,000 km along the Ural ridge, 990 km along the Caspian Sea).
Some sources use another option for defining the border of Europe - along the watershed of the Ural Range, the Ural River, and the watershed of the Caucasus Range.
The very fact of singling out Europe is the result not so much of logic and geographical conditionality as of history.
The border between Europe and Asia from the 6th century BC. e. to our time has experienced significant movement from west to east. The ancient Greeks carried it out approximately in the central part of the Mediterranean Sea. Later, in 524-457 BC. e., the Kerch Strait and the Tanais (Don) River began to be considered the border. The great scientific authority of Ptolemy was the reason that this idea was firmly established and did not change until the 18th century.
In 1730, the Swedish scientist Philipp Johann von Strahlenberg first substantiated the world scientific literature the idea of drawing a border between Europe and Asia. Later in 1736, V.N. Tatishchev claimed that it was he who suggested this idea to Stralenberg. Tatishchev justified in his book the drawing of this border from the Yugorsky Shar Strait along the Ural ridge, along the Ural River, dividing cities such as Orsk and Orenburg (in their current borders), through the Caspian Sea to the Kuma River, through the Caucasus, Azov and Black Sea to the Bosphorus.
This idea did not immediately gain recognition from contemporaries and followers. For example, Mikhail Lomonosov in his treatise “On the Layers of the Earth” (1757-1759) drew the line between Europe and Asia along the Don, Volga and Pechora. However, authors soon appeared whose studies, following Tatishchev, began to recognize the Ural Range as a natural boundary between Europe and Asia.
The Europe-Asia border line runs from the coast of the Kara Sea along the eastern base of the Ural Range, approximately parallel to the border between the Nenets Autonomous Okrug and the Komi Republic from the west and the Yamalo-Nenets and Khanty-Mansiysk Okrug from the east.
Further, the border runs slightly east of the administrative border between the Perm Territory from the west and the Sverdlovsk Region from the east, while the southwestern regions of the Sverdlovsk Region remain in Europe. With the passage of the Europe-Asia border in this region associated with the name "Asian" railway station and the village next to it.
In the Chelyabinsk region, the border leaves in Europe the Ashinsky, Katav-Ivanovsky and Satkinsky municipal districts, as well as the western parts of the territories municipal districts and urban districts adjacent to Bashkortostan. IN Orenburg region the border leaves most of the territory in Europe, except eastern regions. Further to the south, the border continues through the territory of the Aktobe region of Kazakhstan, where it passes along the eastern foot of the Mugodzhar (a continuation of the Ural Mountains on the territory of Kazakhstan) and along the Emba River it reaches the Caspian Lowland, through the Caspian Sea it reaches the mouth of the Kuma River, then along the Kuma-Manych depression it passes to the lower reaches of the Don, further along south coast Sea of Azov.
To the south, the border between Europe and Asia runs along the Kerch Strait, between the Crimean (Europe) and Taman (Asia) peninsulas, leaving the island of Tuzla in Asia.
In April - May 2010 Russian geographical society conducted an expedition in Kazakhstan (desert and Ustyurt plateau), with the aim of revising generally accepted views on the passage of the border between Europe and Asia through the territory of Kazakhstan. The expedition participants stated the fact that south of Zlatoust the Ural ridge loses its axis and breaks up into several parallel ridges, and also south of the mountain are gradually fading away, while it is the Ural ridge (or rather its eastern foot) that has traditionally been a guideline for drawing the border between Europe and Asia. According to the expedition members, the Ural and Emba rivers are also not reasonable boundaries, since the nature of the terrain along their banks is the same. The expedition members came to the preliminary conclusion that it seemed most reasonable to them to draw the border between Europe and Asia along the eastern edge of the Caspian Lowland, which is the southeastern end of the East European Plain.
Until now, the opinion of Russian and Kazakh scientists who participated in this expedition has not been considered by the International Geographical Union.
The Europe-Asia border is the border between Europe and Asia, running along the eastern base of the Ural Mountains and Mugodzhar, then along the Emba River. along the northern shore of the Caspian Sea, along the Kumo Manych depression and the Kerch Strait. The total length of the border along... ... Wikipedia
The border between Europe and Asia crosses the western and southwestern parts municipality Yekaterinburg city. The border is interpreted not only as geographical concept, but also has a pronounced historical and cultural aspect.... ... Ekaterinburg (encyclopedia)
Noun, g., used. often Morphology: (no) what? borders, what? border, (I see) what? border, what? border, about what? about the border; pl. What? boundaries, (no) what? boundaries, what? borders, (I see) what? boundaries, what? borders, about what? about borders 1. Border… … Dictionary Dmitrieva
Y; and. 1. Conditional line division between territories; frontier State city Morskaya city Here passes between countries, regions, land plots. G. between Europe and Asia. G. forests and steppes. Designate, change, cross the border. Count … encyclopedic Dictionary
border- s; and. see also into the borders, within the borders, beyond the border, beyond the borders, beyond the borders, from beyond the borders 1) Conventional dividing line between territories ... Dictionary of many expressions
This term has other meanings, see Asia (meanings). Asia on the world map Asia is the most most of light, forms together with Europe the continent of Eurasia... Wikipedia
City of Orenburg Flag Coat of Arms ... Wikipedia
The border between Europe and Asia. What can you imagine with this? And where does she go? The opinions of geographers do not coincide. Some draw the border along the watershed of the Ural ridge, others along its eastern slope. But everyone agrees that the Ural ridge is the longest part of the border: the total length of the border across Russia is 5,524 km (of which 2,000 km along the Ural ridge). And indeed, standing on the main watershed of the Ural ridge, you can clearly see - here it is, the border. Almost solid stripe The Urals stretches in some places flat and in others rocky. Of course, you can’t put border signs all over the Urals. Many signs have been placed at the intersections of automobile and railways with the border, but there are places where there are no roads or they are almost impassable, but there are signs there.
The first Europe-Asia sign is located on Polar Urals, next to the Seida - Labytnangi railway line. The lowest pass through the Ural Mountains is located there, its height is less than 200 m.
Let us continue our consideration of the border in the Subpolar Urals. This is one of the most inaccessible sections of the border. There are practically no signs. And how to get them there? It is difficult to climb many passes even on foot. This is what the border between Europe and Asia looks like from the middle of the Central Pass (pass height 1350 m). You can see the pass itself (on the left) and the rocky ridge along which the border goes further, leading to Mount Yanchenko (on the right).
And this is what the pass itself looks like at its highest point - the border goes up, along rocky outcrops, to the top highest point Ural, Narodnaya Mountains, its snow-covered massif visible in the background. To the left of the ridge is Europe, to the right is Asia.
The border at the pass itself is marked by a tour of stones.
But not everywhere in the Subpolar Urals it is possible to accurately determine the place where the border lies. For example, the watershed runs along the Reindeer Herders Plateau. It's a really flat place long distance. And only by detailed map you can determine where the border is. Naturally, there are no signs there.
But basically the border goes along the tops of the ridges and looks like this:
Let's move 300 kilometers south, to the Northern Urals. This sign stands on the pass between the sources of the Pechora River and the Yanysos Stream. Refers to the few signs that do not stand at the intersection of the road with the Ural ridge, but just like that. It can be seen that the nature of the mountains has changed and they have become flatter. By the way, this the only sign, on which the inscription "Europe" looks towards Asia.
Near Mount Mottevchahl, a little before reaching it, on the pass between the tributary of the Sulpa River and the Tumpya River, right on the border (and on the road) there is a hut.
If you spend the night in it, then if the location is good, you can sleep in both Europe and Asia at the same time.
If you follow this road, sometimes to the left, sometimes to the right, you can constantly cross from Europe to Asia. If you don’t get bored, you can collect at least 100 transitions from one part of the world to another.
Along the border there are not only artificial signs boundaries, but also natural ones. These stone pillars are located on the southern slope of Mount Kholat-Syakhl, right on center line ridge.
Hang a sign on the pole - and that’s it, the monument is ready.
Another 20 kilometers to the south is Mount Saklaimsori-Chakhl. It's already starting here Perm region, and Perm tourists dragged in a small “Europe-Asia” sign.
Next to this sign is a monument to human arrogance and stupidity. Of course, you need to see him.
To the south of the mountain on the ridge along the center line there are natural isolated outcrops. They can be very intricate and can take a long time to look at. Of course, you’d want to take a souvenir photo near such ornate natural buildings.
Further on the ridge goes in the same smooth waves, but the border is clearly visible. After twenty kilometers the ridge becomes more dissected, the passes between the peaks become more pronounced and forest begins to appear on them. Dwarf trees also appear on the (mostly) flat tops of some mountains.
Walking along the center line becomes more difficult, since you have to constantly move up and down with the backpack. Roads appear across the ridge. On one of them, leading to the Sibirevsky mine, there is already a homemade sign.
This creation by an unknown artist is very impressive.
A very popular place among tourists is the waterfalls on the Zhigalan River. If you drive from Severouralsk, the road goes through the watershed. Almost everyone driving stops at the sign to take a photo as a souvenir.
This grandiose sign can be seen on the highway near the town of Kachkanar.
Older border signs can also be found here. Here, for example, is one of the miraculously preserved signs from tsarist times. The sign has remained since 1868, erected in honor of the passage of Grand Duke Vladimir Alexandrovich, built at the expense of gold miners. Located between the village. Verkhnyaya Barancha and the village of Kedrovka.
One of the most modest signs I have ever seen is located a few kilometers from the village of Karpushikha.
We will not consider signs near Yekaterinburg. There, even a trip from Yekaterinburg to Polevskoy (50 km) is accompanied by a departure from Asia to Europe and a further return to Asia.
Let’s finish looking at the signs on the Europe-Asia border in Bashkiria, where the border runs along the Ural River. Here the signs are already located on different shores - on one shore - Europe, on the other - Asia.
There are also interesting settlements in Asia - for example, here you can see the sign "MASKAU".
