- a state in the central part of the Balkan Peninsula. Is a conglomerate of two autonomous administrative units Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina and Republika Srpska, as well as from the Brcko district. It borders on the west and north with Croatia, on the east with Serbia, and on the southeast with Montenegro. It has small access to the Adriatic Sea - about 24.5 km of coastline.
Bosnia and Herzegovina is a picturesque country characterized by rich and varied nature - high mountains, rocky gorges, fertile plains, mountain rivers and lakes. Let's name just a few of the many rivers that are known abroad and attract athletes from other countries to take part in competitions extreme species sports It is no coincidence that the XIV Winter Olympics was organized in Sarajevo in 1984, since the city of Sarajevo is crowned with magical mountains - Jahorina, Bjelašnica, Igman, world-famous ski centers.
Bosnia and Herzegovina is located on the territory of two historical areas- Bosnia, which occupies the valley of the Sava River and its tributaries, and Herzegovina, located to the south, in the Neretva River basin.
Since 1918, part of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes (since 1929 - Yugoslavia).
In the spring of 1992, it announced its secession from the SFRY. Accepted official name The Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina was admitted to the UN in May 1992.
general information
Area - 51 thousand km².
The capital is the city of Sarajevo (about 800 thousand people).
Large cities - Tuzla, Banja Luka, Mostar, Zenica, Bihac, Travnik.
Higher Legislature— Parliamentary Assembly of Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Population: Bosnians - 43.6%, Serbs - 31.4%, Croats - 17.3%.
official languages- Bosnian, Serbian, Croatian.
The predominant religions are Islam, Orthodoxy, Catholicism.
Telephone code 8-10-387
Time difference with Moscow: −2 hours during summer time, −3 hours during winter time.
Holidays in Bosnia and Herzegovina
January 1-2 - New Year.
January 6-7 - Orthodox Christmas.
January 9 is Republic Day in the Serbian part of the country.
January 14-15 - Old New Year.
January 27 is Saint Sava's Day.
February 2 - Eid al-Adha.
March 1st Independence Day.
April 5 is a national holiday.
April 15 is Army Day.
April-May - Easter.
May 1 is Labor Day.
May 9 is Victory Day.
August 15 - Velika Gospa (Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary).
November 1 is All Saints' Day.
November 25 is Republic Day of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina.
December 25 - Catholic Christmas.
Currency
A convertible mark equal to 100 pfennigs (equal to 0.51 euros) was introduced in June 1998. In areas populated by Croats, the Croatian kuna is also in limited circulation. You can change it at airports, hotels, banks, and hotels. You should not make an exchange with street money changers. This is prohibited by law. Also, the main currency that is widely used in the country is the euro. When going to Bosnia and Herzegovina, it is best to take euros with you in minimum denomination notes, as well as in coins. This will allow you to comfortably pay for small souvenirs, as well as orders in a cafe.
Sights, history
Bosnia and Herzegovina is one of the oldest crossroads of civilization. Ancient land Illyria, the border between the Western Roman Empire and Byzantium, was settled by Slavic tribes in VII, and already in 1383 the Turkish occupation of these lands began, and for four centuries Bosnia fell under the rule of Ottoman Empire, and Sarajevo becomes the capital of the protectorate. On the territory of Bosnia and Herzegovina there are many preserved architectural monuments both Byzantine and Ottoman period, which made it one of the centers of tourism in the countries of the socialist camp.
Sarajevo
Miraculously, two survived orthodox churches — old church Saints Michael and Gabriel (presumably 1478-1539) and the Collegiate Church of the Holy Virgin (1863-1868), 4 catholic churches, including the spiritual center of Bosnian Catholics - Cathedral(XVIII century), 3 synagogues, including the Old Synagogue (1566-1581), which now houses the Jewish Museum with the famous “Hagada Code”, as well as the Town Hall (“Vechnitsa”, 1896) in the Moorish style and the Palace regional administration. But the city landscape is dominated by colorful Muslim buildings, most of which are considered masterpieces of Ottoman architecture - the “Tsareva-Jamia” mosque (“Royal Mosque”, 16th century), the largest in the country “Begova-Jamia” (15th century), Ali- Pasha-Jamia (1560-1561) and about a hundred more mosques, the Kursumli madrasah (1537) with a library, today numbering about 50 thousand manuscripts and books, the Barcharshiya tower (XV century), the Brusa-Bezistan shopping center, the old caravan barn (XV century) on Morika-Khan, Turkish fortress with 12 towers on a rocky outcrop, and many commercial buildings from the Turkish era.
Also worthy of attention are the Bosnian Regional Museum, the Zemalski Museum of Local History - Museum, as well as the Olympic venues.
Since ancient times, another attraction of Sarajevo has been the “Charshija” market and the “Bar-Charshija” shopping area, which are an entire area in the old part of the city, dissected by narrow streets and alleys, literally dotted with benches and shops. People walk along the narrow streets, looking into cafes, souvenir shops, numerous jewelry stores and confectionery shops. This entire ever-humming market is crowned by the famous Pigeon Square, truly beloved by hundreds of people in the depths. Nearby is the Gazi-Khosrov-Beg trading square, where there are also many shops of all kinds, and the Brusa trading square, which was once one of the large stations of the Great Silk Road.
Egg
The medieval town of Jajce, a colorful mixture of old houses climbing mountain slopes, cobbled streets and fortified walls, was the capital of the Christian rulers of Bosnia until the 15th century. Here, on the banks of the Pliva and Vrbas rivers, during the Nazi occupation the temporary capital of the country was located, here the capital of independent Yugoslavia was proclaimed and a Constitution was created that formalized the principles of the new federal country. The arena of brutal battles of the recent war, the city, however, in some incomprehensible way has retained its ancient appearance, still attracting the attention of tourists from all over the world. The main attractions of Jajce are the famous complex of buildings of the Esma-Sultan Mosque (1753 - 1763, now destroyed and its restoration is planned), the Church of St. Luke, many colorful old houses, as well as a cascade of small but very colorful waterfalls and a complex of ancient water mills on the river Pliva.
Mostar
Known for its Old Bridge, which connects two parts of the city. The bridge is considered a unique symbol of the country. If you are an amateur thrills, you can bungee jump from a bridge. In addition, Mostar has a lot of cute houses, cobbled streets and cozy cafes with terraces.
If you love extreme sports, then the town of Bihac is for you. This is where it all begins interesting routes, and the fast mountain river Una challenges real extreme sports enthusiasts and rafting enthusiasts.
If you like skiing or snowboarding, you can discover the ski resorts of Bosnia: Igma, Jagorina and Bjelašnica. The resorts have beautiful scenery, developed infrastructure and reasonable prices.
Climate
Temperate continental, with long and snowy winters, while the climate in the southern part of Herzegovina is temperate, coastal, where well-known grape varieties are grown and wine is prepared highest quality and honey of unique taste. Bosnia and Herzegovina has a short stretch of coastline on the Adriatic Sea (23 km), along which is located the tourist pearl - the city of Neum. The average summer temperature in the valleys is from +16 to +27 C, and up to +10-21 in mountainous areas (in the capital average temperature July +21 C).
In winter from 0 C to −7 C, respectively (in the capital in January it is about −1 C, but the temperature can drop to −16 C). Precipitation ranges from 400 (eastern mountain slopes) to 1500 (western) mm per year, mainly in summer and early winter.
The best period to visit the country is May-June and September, when the average daily temperature exceeds +20 C and there is relatively little precipitation (no more than 100 mm per month).
Balneology
13 km west of Sarajevo, at an altitude of 500-570 m above sea level, in the Sarajevo-polje basin, lies the balneological resort of Ilidzhe (Kesheli). Surrounded by the picturesque Igman (height up to 1502 m) and Trebovich ridges, which protect the resort from cold winds, this geographical center former Yugoslavia is widely known as one of the best thermal resorts in Europe. Thermal waters (from +32 to +57.6 C) with a unique chemical composition, sulfide silt mud, excellent climate and abundance of sunny days a year - these are the main factors of its popularity.
Kitchen
As elsewhere in the Balkans, Bosnian cuisine was formed as a result of a mixture of South Slavic, German, Turkish and Mediterranean culinary traditions. The basis of local dishes is meat and vegetables, and if the Turkish influence is clearly visible in meat products, then in terms of vegetables and herbs the Bosnians are not inferior to their neighbors in the Mediterranean region. And from Slavic peoples inherited an abundance of dairy products, primarily cheese, and wide use bread and grains.
National food
Of the meat products, the most widely used are beef, lamb and pork, mostly fried. open fire or stewed. Wherein characteristic feature local cuisine is long lasting heat treatment products, with the obligatory use of vegetables and herbs. The most popular dishes of this group are “Bosanski-lonas” - a kind of roast meat with the addition of paprika, cabbage, vegetables and parsley, cabbage rolls “japrak”, famous sausages made from minced meat “chevapchichi”, kebab “shish”, baked meat with vegetables “ Hadzhiyski-čevap”, meat stewed with rice and vegetables “djuvech” (“gyuvech”), grilled meat “gaiduk”, large chopped cutlets “pljeskavica”, burek with meat or cheese and puff pastries with cheese and meat “pida” , and dozens of other original dishes. Moreover, Serbian and Bosnian dishes differ little from each other, except that in Bosnia they use more vegetable oil, and in Serbian regions - kajmak milk, fermented in a special way.
The desserts are very good. Here you can clearly trace the heritage of Turkish cooking - on every corner you can buy “baklava”, “halva”, “lokum” (“lokum”), “gurabiye” made from crumbly dough, “sujuk” with hazelnuts, or excellent puff pastry cookies with impregnation. And at the same time baking Slavic type An equally frequent guest on the table is the famous pie with curd filling “Gibanica”, pancakes with various fillings “Palacinke”, nuts and plums baked in cheese “Štrukli”, donuts “Priganica”, apple pie with whipped cream “Tufakhia” (sounds like however, quite in Turkish style), open-faced pies with jam, alva nuts boiled in honey, various puddings, rolls and cookies of all sorts.
Beverages
Black coffee is consumed here in huge quantities. Milk, herbal tea, honey and various juices are also popular.
From alcoholic drinks the most popular are beer (both local and imported), a light intoxicating drink made from millet “buza”, “salep” from tubers of wild orchids and orchis (drinked hot), as well as traditional strong drinks “rakia” (both grape and fruit) and homemade moonshine. Local wines, although poorly known on international markets, deserve close attention. Herzegovinian wines are especially distinctive, primarily Gangash and Zhilavka.
Souvenirs, gifts
Bosnia and Herzegovina is a religious country, so most of the souvenirs and gifts you can buy here will be of a religious nature. If you are planning to visit the city of Sarajevo, it has the Charšija market and a large shopping area. This is a whole area with a large number of small streets on which a large number of souvenir shops and shops.
BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA
Geographical position. Bosnia and Herzegovina is a state in southeastern Europe, on the Balkan Peninsula. It borders on Croatia to the north and west, and Yugoslavia to the east and south.
Square. The territory of Bosnia and Herzegovina occupies 51,129 square meters. km.
Main cities Administrative division. The capital of Bosnia and Herzegovina is Sarajevo. Largest cities: Sarajevo (416 thousand people), Zenica (146 thousand people), Banja Luka (143 thousand people). The country consists of two historical regions: Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Political system
Bosnia and Herzegovina is a republic. The head of state is the president. Government _ Presidency of Bosnia and Herzegovina. The legislative body is the bicameral National Assembly.
Relief. About 90% of the territory is occupied by mountains. The lowlands stretch north along the Sava River. To the south follows a strip of low mountains and fertile intermountain basins, passing into the Dinaric Highlands with a height of up to 2,000-2,400 m.
Geological structure and minerals. On the territory of Bosnia and Herzegovina there are deposits of brown coal, lignite, iron ore and bauxite.
Climate. The climate in the Sava River valley is temperate continental, becoming cool and humid in the mountains. Average annual temperature +10°C.
Inland waters. The main rivers of the country are Neretva, Vrbas, Bosna, Uva.
Soils and vegetation. Bosnia and Herzegovina has many coniferous and deciduous forests, and there are mountain steppes.
Animal world. Lynxes, weasels, deer, foxes, wolves, bears and mouflons are preserved in the forests. Lynxes and weasels are protected as endangered animals.
Population and language
The population of the republic is 3.366 million people. The following ethnic groups are distinguished: Muslim Slavs (Bosnians) - 44%, Serbs - 31%, Croats - 17%.
Language: Serbo-Croatian high percentage Turkic borrowings - state (in writing, Serbs use the Cyrillic alphabet, Croats and Muslims use the Latin alphabet). Until 1991 Croatian and Serbian languages were considered constituent dialects of one language, Serbo-Croatian. As a result civil war in the former Yugoslavia local languages have changed in spelling and pronunciation, in particular there is an opinion about the so-called. Bosnian language.
Religion
Islam (Sunnism) - 40%, Orthodoxy - 31%, Catholicism - 2%, Protestantism - 4%. Although the country's population is various groups Slavic in origin, Islam has been practiced since the occupation of Bosnia and Herzegovina by the Ottoman Empire for 500 years.
Brief historical essay
In the VI-VI centuries. The territory of Bosnia and Herzegovina was inhabited by Slavs. In the 12th century. The Bosnian Principality was formed, which in the 14th century. became a kingdom (including Herzegovina).
Since 1463 most of the territories of Bosnia, and since 1482 the territory of Herzegovina were under the Ottoman yoke.
In 1875-1878. the Herzegovinian-Bosnian uprising occurred, after which the country was occupied by Austria-Hungary (annexed in 1908).
Since 1918, Bosnia and Herzegovina became part of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes (since 1929 Yugoslavia).
In 1941, the territory of Bosnia and Herzegovina was captured Nazi troops and included in " Independent state Croatia". Released during the People's Liberation War in Yugoslavia.
In 1945-1992. Bosnia and Herzegovina is a federal republic within the Socialist Federal Republic Yugoslavia.
In April 1992, the parliament of Bosnia and Herzegovina, relying on the results of the referendum, declared independence, and the Serbs boycotted the referendum.
In 1992-1995. the confrontation between the Bosnian communities resulted in military confrontation (Bosnian crisis).
Brief Economic Sketch
Extraction of brown coal, iron and manganese ores, bauxite, etc.; woodworking, metallurgical, chemical, food, textile industries. Grain farming, gardening, meat and wool animal husbandry.
Own monetary unit No. Croatian kunas, Yugoslav dinars, and German marks are in circulation.
Brief essay culture
Art and architecture. Sarajevo. Mosques and Orthodox churches, many of which were destroyed or damaged during the war in the 90s of the 20th century. Banja Luka. Roman fort and remains of Roman baths.
Below are average The IQs of some countries are listed in descending order and possible reasons for differences in IQs between countries are given.
(From book Richard Lynn and Tattoo Vanhanen "IQ and the Wealth of Nations", 2002 http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/027597510X/002-4653043-3950431?v=glance).
If someone is offended by the low IQ of their native Churkestan, claims to the parents or the authors of the book :)
Note: from the table it follows that the crests correctly ridiculed the stupidity of the Moldovans, but the Khachis laughed in vain at the Gogs :)
________________________________________ __________________________________
Calibration assumption: let's take IQ white in the USA for 100 (just for convenience, this is a unit of reference - a well-studied average).
Individual population groups within a country usually differ in IQ, for example in the USA:
- IQ = 115, for college graduates
- IQ = 085, for American blacks
Likewise, IQ varies from country to country.
________________________________________ ___________________________________
107 - Hong Kong
106 - Korea, South
105 - Japan
104 - Taiwan, Singapore
102 - Austria, Germany, Italy, Netherlands
101 - Sweden, Switzerland
100 - Belgium, China, New Zealand, U.Kingdom
099 - Hungary, Poland,
098 - Australia, Denmark, France, Norway, USA
097 - Сanada, Czech Republic, Estonia, Finland, Latvia, Lithuania,Spain
096 - Argentina, Belarus, Russia, Slovakia, Ukraine, Uruguay
095 - Moldova, Portugal, Slovenia
094 - Israel, Romania
093 - Armenia, Bulgaria Georgia,Ireland, Kazakhstan
092 - Greece, Malaysia
091 - Thailand
090 - Croatia, Peru, Turkey
089 - Colombia, Indonesia, Suriname
087 - Azerbaijan, Brazil, Iraq, Kyrgyzstan, Mexico, Samoa, Tajikistan, Tonga Uzbekistan
086 - Lebanon, Philippines
085 - Cuba, Morocco
084 - Fiji, Iran, Marshall Islands, Puerto Rico
083 - Egypt, Saudi Arabia, Yemen
081 - Bangladesh, India, Pakistan
080 - Ecuador
079 - Guatemala
078 - Barbados, Nepal, Qatar
077 - Zambia
073 - Congo (Brazz), Uganda
072 - Jamaica, Kenya, South Africa, Sudan, Tanzania
071 - Ghana
067 - Nigeria
066 - Guinea, Zimbabwe
065 - Congo (Zaire)
064 - Sierra Leone
063 - Ethiopia
059 - Guinea
More full list countries is given here: http://www.sq.4mg.com/corrupt.htm
Possible reasons differences in IQ between countries
It is a known fact that IQ is inherited from parents, and also strongly depends on the nutrition received in childhood.
The reasons given below are hypotheses of the authors of the book.
1. Selective immigration improves the IQ of the outgoing population.
For example, the average IQ of China is 100, and the IQ of other predominantly Chinese-speaking countries - Hong Kong (107), Taiwan (104) and Singapore (104) - is noticeably higher.
Perhaps the IQ of those individuals who dared to migrate to those countries turned out to be higher than the average IQ of their former neighbors.
2. Countries East Asia have the highest IQ on Earth
Especially in math and spatial tests. Perhaps this skill is developed in early childhood among schoolchildren in these countries, who are forced to recognize and use thousands of hieroglyphs.
It is curious that the Japanese, who own Japanese, but living in the USA (and studying in American schools), have an average IQ 3 points lower than their compatriots in Japan. For Chinese living in Singapore, the effect is the opposite, their IQ is higher, but in Singapore they are in a Chinese-speaking environment.
3. Many European nations have an IQ as high as the Chinese
Recent research by geneticists has shown that Europeans and residents of the North. Asia have common ancestors - population Central Asia(i.e., whites came to Europe, inhabited by Neanderthals, not directly from Africa, but first migrated to Central Asia, like the yellow race, and lived there for a long time, and then separated and migrated to the West)
Perhaps the harsh living conditions of cold Central Asia and Europe (compared to the milder climates of South Asia and Africa) selected for IQ.
4. IQ of European Jews
Jews in the US and Europe have one of the highest IQs among ethnic groups - 112.
Perhaps centuries of persecution, pogroms and the Holocaust led to selection. Only the smartest survived - those who managed to avoid destruction.
5. Israel's average IQ is low - 94
The IQ of Jews from Asian and African countries turned out to be lower than the IQ of their European co-religionists. In Israel, both these groups make up about 50% of local Jews.
Additionally, the fast-growing Palestinian population has an IQ comparable to Egypt's average IQ of 83.
6. IQ of the US population
The US has one of the world's highest per capita income levels, but a very mediocre average IQ of 98. This is below many "poor" countries, including China. Like Hong Kong and Singapore, the US is a country of immigrants and the average IQ of any of its ethnic groups is higher than the average IQ of their countries of origin. (This is also true for Latin America).
However, in addition to high IQ, immigration selectively selects individuals with high level ambitions. Research shows that level of ambition can play even more important role in socioeconomic success than IQ itself.
7. IQ and effective US immigration policy
Effective US immigration policy leads to an increase in the IQ and economic well-being of our country. A porous border contributes to the elimination of idiots and the influx of people with high IQs and high ambitions. At the same time, other countries are suffering from brain drain.
8. Black American slaves and IQ
The IQ of American (and Brazilian) blacks is significantly higher than the IQ of blacks from African countries.
Possible reasons:
- mixing with the white population
- strict selection both during the purchase of slaves and during transportation to America and further sexual selection on plantations.
9. Why is the IQ of East Asians higher than that of Europeans?
IN glacial period their ancestors had to survive in more difficult climatic conditions than the inhabitants of Europe. This imposed more stringent requirements on the ability to prepare housing, tools, hunting skills, etc.
___________________________________________________________________
Have you ever wondered who is the smartest, most talented and well-rounded developed person in the history of mankind? You can confidently call Leonardo da Vinci, but he is far from the only genius of our civilization. High intelligence- a double-edged sword. It can be both the greatest gift and a real curse for the person who possesses it. However, each of these people is real personality, despite difficult destinies And difficult relationships with the surrounding individuals, fading against the background of such bright “stars”. But don’t be upset, the brain can be developed and “pumped up” with knowledge and skills. So take this list as motivation!
The most famous person is Albert Einstein
The "disheveled" symbol of the 20th century
Born in Germany, Einstein became a symbol of science and progress throughout the 20th century. His surname became a common noun to designate smart people. He is one of two theoretical physicists that almost anyone can name (the other would most likely be Stephen Hawking). During his life he wrote more than 300 scientific articles, but is also known as an ardent opponent nuclear weapons(he regularly wrote letters to President Roosevelt warning about the dangers of using atomic bombs). Einstein also supported the Jewish scientific development and stood at the origins of the Hebrew University in Jerusalem.
The physicist’s IQ is difficult to calculate accurately, since no such studies were conducted during his lifetime, but his friends and followers talk about a figure in the range from 170 to 190 points.
Average IQ in a Country Shows Efficiency educational system. The number of Nobel laureates speaks volumes about its place in the intellectual arena of the world. Based on these two indicators, we decided to compile a list of the most smart countries…
First place
By IQ: Hong Kong
According to two studies by professors Richard Lynn and Tatu Vanhanen - “IQ and the Wealth of Nations” and “IQ and Global Inequality”, the first places in IQ are occupied by the countries of East Asia, and the leader administrative District Hong Kong. There average level The country's IQ is 107. True, the quantity and high density population (6480 people/km²). Roughly speaking, the ability to provide uniform education throughout the country is much easier than, say, in Russia.
By number of Nobel laureates: USA
But in terms of the number of Nobel laureates, it is far ahead of the United States. According to statistics from the Nobel Committee, there are 356 laureates for the period from 1901 to 2014. In many ways, this is determined by the opportunities provided for research by scientists different countries in American institutes and research centers.
Second place
By IQ: South Korea
In second place in terms of IQ is South Korea with a rating of 106 points. It has one of the most demanding and rigorous education systems in the world, with the greatest preference for exact sciences. They finish school there only at the age of 19, followed by university.
In South Korea, there is terrible competition for admission to higher education institutions. During entrance exams and sessions, according to statistics, mental stress reaches such intensity that people simply cannot stand it. But the result is obvious - South Korea is one of the smartest countries in the world.
By number of Nobel laureates: Great Britain
The second place in terms of Nobel laureates is Great Britain, whose residents receive awards every year. In total, the Nobel Prize has been awarded to the 121st Briton.
Third place
By IQ: Japan
Japan ranks third with 105 points. This is not surprising, given that today the Country rising sun on development high technology has run far ahead of all other countries in the world. The present Japanese quality will give even the pedantic Germans a head start.
Tokyo University is today considered the best in all of Asia and is included in the list of the 25 best higher education institutions. educational institutions peace. The country's literacy rate reaches 99%, and in addition to IQ tests, the Japanese are excellent at learning accurate and natural sciences.
By number of Nobel laureates: Germany
Germany shares third place with Japan with its 104 Nobel Prizes in a variety of fields.
Fourth place
By IQ: Taiwan
And again a country from Asia, partly recognized state Republic of China, more often referred to by the name of the island - Taiwan. Its inhabitants were also able to make “intelligence” their signature trait, giving them a worthy place in the world and in the market.
Today, Taiwan is one of the main suppliers of high-tech products, especially the information and electronics industry. IN future plans The country's leadership wants to transform Taiwan into a “green silicon island” or an island of science and technology.
By number of Nobel laureates: France
But in terms of Nobel laureates, as opposed to Asia, the West leads. France ranks fourth on this list, being one of the leaders of fresh ideas in art, philosophy and literature.
Fifth place
By IQ: Singapore
Singapore ranks fifth in terms of IQ. It is much easier for a city-state to establish an education system than for giant countries. On the other hand, it ranks first among the richest and most prosperous countries, according to Forbes.
A country with a population of 5 million people has a GDP of $270 billion. You can’t help but correlate the results with high IQ test scores. The World Bank named Singapore best place for doing business.
By number of Nobel laureates: Sweden
In fifth place is Sweden, the birthplace of Nobel and the permanent location of the headquarters of the Nobel Committee. Among the Swedes, 29 people distinguished themselves by receiving the Nobel Prize in the fields of medicine, chemistry, physics, and literature.
Sixth place
By IQ: Austria, Germany, Italy, Netherlands
Sixth place is shared by Austria, Germany, Italy and the Netherlands with the same score – 102. Perhaps, Italy stands out the most from this list, whose residents are known for their southern and windy character. And yet, during the siesta, which stops all life in the regions of Southern Italy for several hours in the middle of the working day, Italians do not forget about science and art.
It is enough to take one look at the history of Italy to understand that since the Roman era, this country has been the first in Europe in terms of the number of geniuses “per capita”.
By number of Nobel laureates: Switzerland
Switzerland takes an honorable sixth place. The requirements at local universities are high, especially in the field of natural sciences. It is here that seven Swiss people have received Nobel Prizes since 1975. There are a total of 25 awards per country.
Seventh place
By IQ: Switzerland
And again Switzerland, which on average (101) is one step lower than that of its scientific elite. Switzerland is one of the leading countries in terms of the number of people with higher education. It also ranks second in the ranking of the most prosperous countries in the world, according to experts from the Prosperity Index.
By number of Nobel laureates: Russia
Seventh place is shared with Russia with an IQ level of 97 points and 23 Nobel laureates. Our compatriots managed to distinguish themselves in many fields: literature, quantum electronics, electromagnetic radiation, semiconductors, superfluid liquids and other things that few ordinary people understand anything about.