1. Using the text and figure 11 of the textbook, determine which countries belong to the cultural and historical region Latin America.
Traditionally, Latin America includes all of South America, the part of the North American continent located south of the Rio Grande River, including Mexico, Central America and the Caribbean.
2. Fill in the blanks in the sentences:
Distinctive feature geographical location Latin America - its position between the Pacific and Atlantic oceans.
The Panama Canal is of strategic importance.
Most of the countries in Latin America are former colonies Spain and Portugal.
Latin America ranks first in the world in terms of water resources.
The subsoil of Latin America is rich in oil, iron ore, and bauxite.
The world's largest forest areas are concentrated here, occupying 50% of the region's total territory.
The population of Latin America is more than 470 million people. Here, a 2nd type of population reproduction has developed, which is characterized by its increase.
The indigenous population is numerous Indian peoples.
Creoles are purebred descendants of the Spaniards.
mestizos - descendants of marriages between the white population and Indians,
mulattoes are descendants of marriages between whites and blacks,
Sambo is the descendants of marriages between Indians and blacks.
3. Read the fragment of § 6 “Economics” in the textbook. Highlight the main features of the Latin American economy.
The mining industry predominates, but manufacturing and agriculture are actively developing.
5. Name the features that characterize the backwardness of Latin American countries.
These features include: 1. Multistructured nature of the economy developing countries. 2. Low level development of productive forces, backwardness of industry, Agriculture and social infrastructure (with the exception of countries of the first group). 3. Dependent position in the world economic system. The peripheral nature of capitalism
6. On the outline map of Latin America, put: a) On the outline map of Latin America, put: a) state borders countries of the region; b) capitals of states; c) boundaries of subregions and their names.
7. Where does the bulk of the population of Latin America live? How do you explain this population distribution in the region? To answer, use the atlas maps, having previously determined which ones you will need.
The average population density of Latin America is about 30 people. km/sq. at the same time, the most populated areas of Latin American countries occupy a relatively small part of their area. In Mexico, Central America, Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru and Bolivia, the bulk of the population is concentrated in mountainous areas, above 1000 m above sea level. Generally South America the only continent, where the average habitat height is higher medium height territory (644 and 580 m above sea level, respectively). Intermountain basins are usually distinguished by the most high density population, often exceeding 100 people. km/sq. This is explained more favorable conditions human habitation in the climatic conditions of the “temperate earth” compared to the conditions of the “hot earth” on the ocean coasts. It was in the plateau and mountainous areas that the main centers of agriculture and mineral development arose here. However, in most countries with internal type settlements have been developed to one degree or another along the coast.
Argentina, Chile, Peru, Ecuador, Colombia, Panama - Panama Highway. Brazil, Peru - Trans-Amazonian Highway. These roads are the only land connections between these countries.
10. Using various sources information, find evidence that one Latin American country (of your choice) has achieved success in its economic development. Try to forecast the development of this country in the next decade. Justify your answer.
Brazil is an example of a successful country from Latin America. Brazil has the eighth largest economy in the world by nominal GDP and the seventh largest economy by purchasing power parity. Economic reforms brought the country international recognition. Brazil consists of such international organizations, like the UN, G20, Mercosur and the Union of South American Nations, and is also one of the BRICS countries. The authority of this country on the world stage is steadily increasing.
11. What explains the increasing share of industry in the economies of Latin American countries?
Latin America has all the prerequisites for industrial development, namely cheap electricity generated by hydroelectric power plants, it is provided with the necessary minerals and cheap labor.
12. Is distance from other parts of the world an advantage or disadvantage for the development of the Latin American economy? Express your thoughts and justify them.
In many ways, the remoteness of Latin America from other parts of the world is a disadvantage, as it makes it difficult to establish partnerships with European countries have a developed economy, but on the other hand, remoteness is a plus, making assimilation difficult European culture, giving the countries of Latin America their unique identity.
13. Using various sources of information, find out what Latin American culture has given to the world.
Latin American culture gave the world such architectural monuments like the Nazca geoglyphs, ancient Indian cities, the example of Machu Picchu, the Atzec pyramids.
14. Which great Latin Americans (artists, writers, musicians, performers, scientists, etc.) do you know? Who did you learn about while collecting information?
A bunch of famous athletes, for example Maradanna, Pele, Leonel Messi, Fabrizio Werdum. Politicians - Hugo Chavez, Augusto Penochet, Simon Bolivar. Writers Gabriel Garcia Marquez, Paulo Coelho.
15. Position largest agglomerations Latin America in descending order of population:
1) Buenos Aires; 2) Mexico City; 3) Sao Paulo; 4) Rio de Janeiro.
Answer 2,3, 1, 4
16. Match: Country
1) Mexico;
4) Brazil.
Natural resources
A) copper ore; B) oil; B) iron ore; D) bauxite.
Answer 1B, 2A, 3D, 4C.
17. Industrial look Latin America is defined by:
1) Brazil, Mexico;
2) Colombia, Peru.
18. Match:
1) Brazil;
2) Ecuador;
4) Mexico;
A) sugar cane; B) coffee; B) bananas; D) cotton; D) corn.
Answer 1B, 2C, 3A, 4D, 5D.
19. Plantation agriculture is characterized by:
1) focus on growing consumer crops in small peasant farms;
2) orientation to the global market.
20. Match: Country
2) Bolivia;
3) Brazil;
5) Argentina;
Capital A) Brasilia; B) Lima; B)Santiago; D) La Paz; D) Havana; E) Buenos Aires.
Answer 1B, 2D, 3A, 4B, 5E, 6D.
21. Choose the correct statement:
1. In terms of population, Brazil is not among the top five countries in the world.
2. The Caribbean region is attractive for world tourism.
3. Main area livestock farming in Brazil - Amazonia.
4. Latin America is a major importer of raw materials to the world market.
World map 1
World Map 2
Foreign Europe
Great Britain
France
Italy
Germany
Foreign Asia
India
Japan
China
Africa
North America
Latin America
Australia
Gdz on Geography grade 10 Outline maps Bustard Dick 2014Geography is quite a fascinating subject. It is interesting for both adults and children. To learn the material, just listen carefully to the teacher in class and do a little work at home (to consolidate). In the tenth grade, a fairly large number of topics are offered for study. And without a textbook, it is impossible to prepare for the lesson on your own. Modern textbook on Geography for the tenth grade is written very well: the material is presented clearly and accessible. In the textbook a large number of illustrations, which makes it possible to remember better. Key terms are highlighted in a different font, making them easier to remember. But it is impossible to master geography material well without contour maps. There's a lot in 10th grade independent tasks in geography you need to do it on contour maps. The most successful of them are the contour maps of Dick Bustard. The use of these particular contour maps is also suggested by geography teachers at school. After all, they themselves use them in preparation for geography lessons.
Task 1. Fill in the blanks in the following sentences:
1. Mostly Latin American countries for a long time were colonies Spain and Portugal.
2. The Latin America region covers an area of 21 million km² with a population of 561 million people. This territory contains 33 sovereign states.
3. The Latin America region includes the following subregions: Middle America, Andean countries, countries of the La Plata basin.
4. By state system Almost all Latin American countries are republics.
Task 2. Which of the following countries belong to the Andean subregion?
1) Venezuela; 2) Colombia; 4) Ecuador; 5) Peru; 6) Bolivia; 7) Chile.
Task 3. Underline those below natural resources Latin America, which are of global importance:
a) oil; c) iron ores; d) copper ores; e) water resources; g) forest resources.
Task 4. Indicate whether the statement is true: “The most high level forest cover in Latin America, and in the world, is typical for Suriname, Guyana and French Guiana":
Task 5. Which of the following countries occupy the first three places in Latin America in terms of population (select the desired group countries)?
c) Brazil, Mexico, Argentina.
Task 6. Draw on the contour map (Fig. 27) Largest cities Latin America, located:
a) on its East (Atlantic) coast; b) on its Western (Pacific) coast; c) far from the coasts of oceans and seas.
Analyze the resulting map and make a generalization.
Task 7. Fill in the blanks in the following sentences:
1. The peoples of Latin America speak predominantly Spanish and Portuguese.
2. The share of Indians in the entire population is especially high in countries such as Bolivia, Peru, Ecuador, Paraguay.
3. The vast majority of Latin Americans are Christianity (Catholics) religion.
Task 8. Indicate, underlining with different lines or colors, which of the Latin American countries listed below are particularly prominent in their production of: a) oil; b) iron ores; c) copper ores; d) tin ores; e) nickel ores; f) bauxite; g) sulfur; h) saltpeter:
1) Bolivia; 2) Brazil; 3) Venezuela; 4) Guyana; 5) Cuba; 6) Mexico; 7) Peru; 8) Suriname; 9) Chile; 10) Jamaica.
a) oil - Venezuela;
b) iron ores - Brazil;
c) copper ores of Chile;
d) tin ores - Bolivia;
e) nickel ores - Cuba;
f) bauxite - Guyana, Suriname, Jamaica;
g) sulfur - Chile, Peru;
h) saltpeter - Chile.
Which of these countries has the largest range of mineral resources?
Brazil - Mineralogical Museum of South America
Task 9. Draw on the contour map (Fig. 27) the countries in the region that stand out in terms of production:
a) wheat - Argentina;
b) corn - Mexico;
c) sugar cane - Brazil, Mexico, Cuba;
d) coffee - Brazil, Colombia;
e) cocoa - Brazil, Ecuador;
e) bananas - Ecuador, Costa Rica, Colombia, Panama;
g) meat and meat products - Argentina.
Analyze the resulting map and explain this specialization.
In many ways, production with climatic conditions, therefore, for example, the Northwestern part of Latin America specializes in the production of coffee and cocoa.
Task 10. Through the territory of which of the countries listed below does the Trans-Amazonian Highway pass?
1) Brazil;
4) Colombia;
5) Ecuador;
Task 11. Below is a series of statements relating to Brazil, Argentina and Mexico. Place letters to the left of them depending on whether the corresponding statement is true: A - only for Brazil, B - only for Argentina, C - only for Mexico, D - for all three countries, D - for none of them.
Task 12. Using their outlines, identify the countries shown in Figure 28. Write the names of their capitals.
1 - Quito;
2 - Havana;
3 - Panama;
4 - Caracas;
5 - Mexico City;
6 - Santiago.
Task 13. Complete the following sentences with the names of countries:
Mexico- a country on whose territory the Aztec and Mayan civilizations existed in the Middle Ages.
Bolivia- a country where 80% of the population lives at an altitude of more than 2000 m above sea level.
Uruguay- a country with the highest level of urbanization in the region.
Argentina- a country in which the agro-industrial region of Pampa is located.
Brazil- a country that ranks first in the world in coffee production.
Task 14. Find out two cities:
1. Both cities are among the top five cities in the world, but one is both the official and economic capital of its country, and the other is the economic capital.
a) Buenos Aires b) Sao Paulo
2. Both cities are in the same country, but one of them was the capital of the Inca state, and the other was built Spanish conquistadors as the capital of the newly conquered lands.
a) Cusco b) Lima
Task 15. In the list below, mark the country that does not have common border with Brazil:
Task 16. Draw on the contour map (Fig. 29):
a) old and new capital Brazil;
b) industrial centers, forming the “industrial triangle” of this country.
Old - Rio de Janeiro;
New - Brasilia.
The video lesson is dedicated to the topic “Composition of Latin America. Political map". This topic is the first in the section of lessons dedicated to Latin America. You will get to know a variety of interesting countries regions that play a significant role in modern world. The teacher will tell you in detail about the composition, borders, and uniqueness of the countries of Latin America. How additional material The lesson covers three topics: “Island of Freedom”, “Junta”, “Capture of Grenada”.
Topic: Latin America
Lesson: Composition of Latin America. Political map
The region is called Latin America Western Hemisphere, located between the USA and Antarctica. Latin America is divided into several subregions. This is Middle America (Mexico, countries Central America and West Indies), Andean countries (Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, Chile), countries of the La Plata basin (Paraguay, Uruguay, Argentina), Brazil. The name “Latin America” comes from the historical predominance of the language, culture and customs of the Romance (Latin) peoples of the Iberian Peninsula in this part of the world.
The region covers an area of 21 million square meters. km with a population of more than 570 million people.
Rice. 1. Political map of Latin America ()
Latin American countries vary in size: the most big country region - Brazil, the smallest are in the pool Caribbean Sea.
The borders between countries pass mainly along rivers, ridges and other orographic features.
Economic and geographical position of Latin America:
1. Proximity to the USA.
2. Distance from other regions of the world.
3. Availability of the Panama Canal.
4. Almost all countries (except Bolivia and Paraguay) have access to the sea.
According to the form of government, all countries in the region are republics. Latin America includes more than 33 countries. Some countries are members of the Commonwealth (for example, Guyana, Dominica, Trinidad and Tobago). Guiana belongs to France. Cuba is a socialist state.
The form of administrative-territorial structure is dominated by unitary states, federal structure The following countries have: Brazil, Argentina, Mexico, Venezuela, Saint Kitts and Nevis.
Rice. 2. Flag of Saint Kitts and Nevis ()
Stages of formation of the political map of Latin America:
1. Stage of pre-European colonization.
2. Colonial stage.
3. Post-colonial stage.
4. Stage after the Second World War.
The civilizations of the Mayans, Aztecs, and Incas were located in Latin America.
The territory of Latin America was developed mainly by Spain and Portugal.
Puerto Rico has a special status. Puerto Rico is a dependent territory of the United States and has the status of "unincorporated" organized territory", which means that this territory is under US administration (and is not theirs) integral part), the validity of the US Constitution is limited; the supreme power belongs to the US Congress, but the territory has own system self-government.
Currently, many issues regarding borders and ownership of territories have not been resolved. A striking example may serve as the disputed Falkland Islands (Malvinas) between Great Britain and Argentina.
Cuba. Official name - Republic of Cuba, unofficial since 1959 - Liberty Island - Island state in the northern Caribbean. The capital is Havana. Cuba is the largest island state in the region, stretching for 1250 km. It is located at the junction of the Caribbean Sea and Gulf of Mexico, forming the "American Mediterranean". The key depicted on the country's coat of arms is a symbol of the fact that discovered by Columbus in 1492, the island has been a kind of key to the New World for centuries. Cuba is a socialist state; for a long time it was an ally of the USSR.
Junta. In many countries this word refers to various organs government controlled, including civilians. In modern Russian (as well as in a number of other languages of the world) the word “ junta" used mainly to indicate military dictatorship, established as a result coup d'etat. A striking example is the Government Junta of Chile.
Homework
Topic 10, P. 1
1. What regions (subregions) are distinguished in Latin America?
2. Name the features of the EGP of Latin America.
Bibliography
Main
1. Geography. A basic level of. 10-11 grades: Textbook for educational institutions/ A.P. Kuznetsov, E.V. Kim. - 3rd ed., stereotype. - M.: Bustard, 2012. - 367 p.
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3. Atlas with a set of outline maps for grade 10. Economic and social geography of the world. - Omsk: FSUE "Omsk Cartographic Factory", 2012. - 76 p.
Additional
1. Economic and social geography of Russia: Textbook for universities / Ed. prof. A.T. Khrushchev. - M.: Bustard, 2001. - 672 p.: ill., map.: color. on
Encyclopedias, dictionaries, reference books and statistical collections
1. Geography: a reference book for high school students and applicants to universities. - 2nd ed., rev. and revision - M.: AST-PRESS SCHOOL, 2008. - 656 p.
Literature for preparing for the State Exam and the Unified State Exam
1. Thematic control by geography. Economic and social geography of the world. 10th grade / E.M. Ambartsumova. - M.: Intellect-Center, 2009. - 80 p.
2. The most complete edition typical options real tasks Unified State Exam: 2010. Geography / Comp. Yu.A. Solovyova. - M.: Astrel, 2010. - 221 p.
3. The optimal bank of tasks for preparing students. Single State exam 2012. Geography: Tutorial/ Comp. EM. Ambartsumova, S.E. Dyukova. - M.: Intellect-Center, 2012. - 256 p.
4. The most complete edition of standard versions of real Unified State Examination tasks: 2010. Geography / Comp. Yu.A. Solovyova. - M.: AST: Astrel, 2010. - 223 p.
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8. Unified State Exam 2009. Geography. Universal materials for preparing students / FIPI - M.: Intellect-Center, 2009. - 240 p.
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