Living according to strict morals,
My wife, covering her face with a veil,
In the evening I went to my lover;
I sneaked into his house with the police
And he convicted... He called out: I didn’t fight!
She went to bed and died
Tormented by shame and sadness...
I have never done harm to anyone in my life.
I had a daughter; fell in love with the teacher
And she wanted to run away with him rashly.
I threatened her with a curse: she resigned herself
And she married a gray-haired rich man.
Their house was brilliant and full like a cup;
But suddenly Masha began to turn pale and fade away
And a year later she died of consumption,
Having struck the whole house with deep sadness...
Living according to strict morals,
I have never done harm to anyone in my life...
I gave the peasant as a cook:
It was a success; a good cook is happiness!
But he often left the yard
And I call it an indecent addiction
Had: loved to read and reason.
I, tired of threatening and scolding,
Fatherly flogged him with a canal,
He drowned himself: he was crazy!
Living according to strict morals,
I have never done harm to anyone in my life.
My friend did not present the debt to me on time.
I hinted to him in a friendly way,
I left it to the law to judge us:
The law sentenced him to prison.
He died in it without paying altyn,
But I’m not angry, even though I have a reason to be angry!
I forgave him the debt on the same date,
Honoring him with tears and sadness...
Living according to strict morals,
I have never done harm to anyone in my life.
Analysis of the poem “Moral Man” by Nekrasov
N. Nekrasov became famous for his works in the genre civil lyrics, the main motive of which was to expose the main social vices. At the same time, the main theme for the poet was the protection of the lower strata of society. The overwhelming majority of Nekrasov's poems are dedicated to the peasantry. But sometimes he dwelled in detail on the description of representatives ruling class. A striking example is the poem "Moral Man".
The author describes the life and work of a certain “moral person” with a huge amount of sarcasm. Compositionally, the poem consists of four separate parts, dedicated to the main character’s relationships with completely different people.
In the first part, a “moral man” learns about his wife’s infidelity. He exposes her with the help of the police, but refuses the challenge to a duel. The disgraced woman dies, unable to bear the suffering that befell her.
The next action of the main character is trial with a friend who owed him money. The debtor was sentenced to prison, in which he died.
The “moral man” taught his serf peasant the art of cooking. "Unfortunately", along with new profession the peasant acquired a thirst for knowledge (“he loved to read and reason”). For this, the owner scolded him for a long time and, in the end, subjected him to corporal punishment. The “fool” drowned himself out of grief.
The “peak” of the protagonist’s morality is his treatment of his own daughter. The girl fell in love with the poor teacher, and her prudent father forced her to marry the more preferable “gray-haired rich man.” "Happy" family life didn't last long. The daughter quickly began to “turn pale and fade away” and died a year after the wedding.
Nekrasov does not accuse his main character of anything. He leaves it to the readers to judge. The “moral person” himself is firmly confident in his infallibility. He proves this with the refrain repeated several times: “By living in accordance with strict morals, I have never done harm to anyone in my life.”
The whole horror of the situation lies precisely in the fact that such a view was characteristic of the overwhelming majority of the nobility. Nekrasov, of course, created collective image a scoundrel, but in general his actions do not contradict the so-called “strict morality.” All victims received what they deserved. The wife cheated on her husband, the friend did not repay the debt, the peasant dared to contradict the owner, and the daughter abandoned parental obedience. A “moral person” does not feel sorry for these sinners. He himself is “pure” before God. The only thing that confuses him is the “deep sadness” in the house after Masha’s death.
Is a sympathetic person a moral person?
There are moments in every person's life when he is faced with moral choice. The concept of morality is associated with the concepts of good. A moral person is a person who acts according to his conscience, not allowing lies, falsehood, or injustice towards other people, the world around him, or animals.
Responsiveness is a human quality that is characterized by a willingness to come to the aid of others, to understand someone else’s problem, and to be kind to people. A sympathetic person will never stand aside if someone needs his help, he will be ready to help even if it does not bring him anything or if it does not turn out very well for him.
These two concepts have always worried the minds of people. Passed different eras, centuries, but the concepts of morality and compassion have never disappeared from our society.
Now many people say that we live in an era indifferent people, to whom responsiveness is alien. People are angry at everything because of personal problems, the cause of which is the political and economic situation in the country and in the world. Everyone tries to live for themselves, their family, so responsiveness has now become a very rare quality. The moral level of many of our contemporaries is also constantly under attack from various temptations that fill the world. Bad habits, bad companies, the universal availability of information on the Internet - all this can shake the worldview of a person, especially the younger generation.
Writers at all times have paid attention to the problems of morality and compassion, because these qualities make us real people, capable of good deeds, who can change the world and make it better for everyone. Let us remember the hero of Fyodor Dostoevsky’s novel “The Idiot” - Prince Myshkin. The writer himself said that he wanted to show a “positively beautiful” person. Responsive, kind and spontaneous Lev Myshkin became a black sheep among selfish people and egoists who dream only of a better life for themselves. Myshkin acted like a new Jesus Christ; he became the standard of kindness, openness, and sensitivity to the suffering of others. His actions were incomprehensible to those around him, who could see in him a mentally ill person, an “idiot,” but responsive and good prince Myshkin was able to awaken deeply hidden thoughts in people good feelings, they saw in him an authoritative personality, their idol, whom they wanted to follow wherever he led. He became an example of a real person, moral and sympathetic. In contrast to this, it was not for nothing that Dostoevsky called the novel “The Idiot.” This topic is still relevant now, because at first people like Prince Myshkin can be mistaken for mentally ill people, because it looks so unusual and does not agree with the level of morality and morality of modern society.
If you take counterexample, then you can consider the image of Pechorin from Lermontov’s novel “A Hero of Our Time”. The main character is cold, calculating and indifferent to others; he does not care about the problems and feelings of other people. Even the unfortunate Bella, whose love Pechorin sought, soon becomes uninteresting to him, and the girl faces a tragic end. And this is not the only death in which Pechorin was involved. As the story progresses, we learn about Pechorin’s other “exploits” - he deceived Princess Mary, doomed Vera to torment... There was nothing sacred left in Pechorin’s soul; Chekhov called this state “paralysis of the soul.” He himself understood that he had become a “moral cripple”; he even own life became unbearable, he began to die, as a friend, as a lover, and then as a person, when he left for Persia, where he was destined to find his death.
Using these two as an example literary characters we see two diametrically opposite points vision. Each of them has their own concepts of morality and responsiveness. If Myshkin is ready to do anything for the sake of others, then Pechorin, without hesitation, is ready to use all means to achieve the best for himself. We can conclude that a moral person will always be responsive, because these concepts are included in general area human soul. Morality and compassion go hand in hand. A morally rich person will never pass by those who need help; he will always show responsiveness. And this will spiritually enrich not only the one he helps, but will also elevate the soul of the person himself, who cannot act contrary to his beliefs.
Effective preparation for the Unified State Exam (all subjects) -
The true evolution of man is impossible without a moral life, subordinate to the fair interests of the society in which he lives; high moral principles, honor, conscience, helping those in need, constant enlightenment with knowledge...
In this article I would like to touch upon one of the most interesting topics, in my opinion: the question of the connection between human morality and his evolution. To expand on the topic, it is first necessary to shed light on the concepts themselves. "moral" And "evolution".
Moral- this is life according to conscience, when in thoughts, words and deeds a person is guided by the commandments of our great ancestors and the voice of reason, multiplied by the love of the heart.
Evolution- this is the development of bodies of the Essence of a person, additional to the physical body, or, in other words, bodies of the Soul, with the receipt of which a person acquires new opportunities and abilities. This is what allows a person to expand the range of his perception of reality and, upon achieving a certain level development, control space and matter.
The truth, forgotten by many, is that without moral life, true evolution is impossible. Nowadays, the interchangeability of the concepts “development” and “evolution” is widespread in society, although they do not mean the same thing. For example, a person studying foreign language, develops, that is, develops, increases one’s knowledge of the language being studied. Or a person involved in any sport also develops certain physical parameters. But neither a foreign language nor sports help a person make a qualitative leap, both in his perception and in his capabilities.
No matter how many languages a person studies, and no matter how many sports he masters, he will still live within the existing limitations of the five senses. And this is a fact. The fact is so heavy and capacious that it is impossible not to comprehend it. It means that the mere accumulation of information does not at all guarantee the emergence of new opportunities and abilities in a person, and also does not make a person rational and moral. After all, the very word “ intelligence“means nothing more than “a mind sanctified by the divine light of truth,” and this light appears in a person from living according to conscience, that is, from a moral life. And there is no other way for this light to appear. Academician Nikolay Levashov wrote about it like this:
“...Even our ancestors shared two concepts - MIND and REASON! And in their understanding, these two concepts were fundamentally different from each other, although these two words have a common root, MIND! Matter, having realized its existence, acquires MIND! And only when the bearers of the mind achieve enlightenment with knowledge, only then does MIND appear!!! The ability to think does not yet mean intelligence - a state when a person is enlightened by knowledge, knowledge of the laws of nature from which he was born!..”(“Source of Life-5”).
This can be confirmed by academics who are unable to go beyond the existing dogmas in science; scientists plying each other for lucrative positions and titles; highly educated members of the governments of the world, whose actions contradict all norms of morality and rationality; businessmen who, for the sake of short-term profit, disfigure the environment with pollution from their industries, and so on, and so on...
In just one lifetime physical body a moral person can complete the planetary cycle of his evolution by developing in himself the etheric, astral and four mental bodies, which, together with the physical, make up the seven human bodies, which corresponds to the seven levels of the Earth, formed by the seven primary matters. As Nikolai Levashov wrote, “the presence of mental bodies gives the person who has them a colossal psychic strength, through which such a person can influence the processes occurring in nature, both on a local and on a planetary scale. Only with the power of your thoughts can you influence and control the processes occurring in human society. See and hear the past, present and future... and much more. Such power should and can only be had by a person with pure thoughts, pure soul and an open heart to goodness" (« Last call to humanity"). And the completion of the planetary cycle of human development gives him the opportunity to start qualitatively new stage of its development: cosmic stage of evolution.
After the death of the physical body, the Essence (Soul) of a person falls to the level of the Earth that corresponds to the evolutionary level that the Essence managed to achieve during the current life in the physical body. And no matter how smart a person is, no matter how much regalia, power and wealth he has, but if his life was not moral, he will not be able to get into high levels of our planet for one simple reason: during his life such a person failed to develop in himself higher bodies Entities that provide such an opportunity. And if a person lived by instincts (emotions) or with a predominance of them, then he finds himself on the lower astral level of the planet, where criminals and simply unspiritual people, who are surrounded on these “floors” of the Earth by various “astral animals,” serve their “punishment.” And if the people who got there have weak energy protection, then they literally of this word, can be eaten by these creatures. A “the death of the Essence means that all the evolutionary experience and achievements of all the incarnations that the Essence had disappear forever... this is evolutionary death...”(“Last appeal to humanity”).
Many people do not believe that by living morally they will be able to get what they want from life, because they see that often those who lead immoral lives have success and prosperity, in the modern understanding of these terms. Such people forget that external material success and wide access to a variety of pleasures are bought at too high a price: loss of Soul and, quite possibly, the impossibility of a further thousand-year life.
Our ancestors lived according to Vedic laws, which were given to them by their patrons - the Gods. Who were these Gods? By gods, the Slavic-Aryans understood people whose level of development far exceeded their own level. And the Gods of the Slavs - Svarog, Perun, Veles, Lada the Virgin and others - gave them moral commandments, the fulfillment of which inevitably leads a person to enlightenment with knowledge, the creation of ever new bodies of the Essence, and endless development. Fortunately for us, after many centuries of concealment of the “Slavic-Aryan Vedas”, some of them have now been published and are available for reading by everyone interested in the true past of Rus' and the whole world. And this means for us an excellent opportunity to study and understand those moral principles, on which the life of our great ancestors was built, and therefore the opportunity to build our own lives on a solid foundation, proven by thousands of years of history.
Be truthful in Soul and Spirit,
The worlds hold on to the Truth. Their gate is Truth;
For it is said that in Truth rests Immortality.
(“Slavic-Aryan Vedas”, Santiya Vedas of Perun. First Circle. Santiya 4).
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Nikolai Alekseevich Nekrasov
1
Living according to strict morals,
I have never done harm to anyone in my life.
My wife, covering her face with a veil,
In the evening I went to see my lover.
I sneaked into his house with the police
And he caught... He called - I didn’t fight!
She went to bed and died
Tormented by shame and sadness...
2
I had a daughter; fell in love with the teacher
And she wanted to run away with him rashly.
I threatened her with a curse: she resigned herself
And she married a gray-haired rich man.
And the house was brilliant and full like a cup;
But suddenly Masha began to turn pale and fade away
And a year later she died of consumption,
Having struck the whole house with deep sadness...
Living according to strict morals,
I have never done harm to anyone in my life...
3
I gave the peasant as a cook,
It was a success; a good cook is happiness!
But he often left the yard
And I call it an indecent addiction
Had: loved to read and reason.
I, tired of threatening and scolding,
Fatherly flogged him with a canal;
He drowned himself, he was crazy!
Living according to strict morals,
I have never done harm to anyone in my life.
4
My friend did not present the debt to me on time.
I hinted to him in a friendly way,
I left it to the law to judge us;
The law sentenced him to prison.
He died in it without paying altyn,
But I’m not angry, even though I have a reason to be angry!
I forgave him the debt on the same date,
Honoring him with tears and sadness...
Living according to strict morals,
I have never done harm to anyone in my life.
In the mid-forties, Nekrasov began to depict contemporary reality in his lyrics and fell in love with portraying notorious scoundrels as the main characters, telling their biographies in poems. The first such portrait was given in “Modern Ode” (1845). Its hero is a scoundrel and a careerist who shamelessly robs defenseless citizens and is ready to sacrifice honor for the sake of promotion. own daughter. Also in 1845, the poems “Official” (about a bribe taker) and “ Lullaby"(about a hereditary thief). A couple of years later, Nikolai Alekseevich wrote “A Moral Man,” thereby continuing the gallery of images of scoundrels. The main character of the work is a man who believes that he lives “according to strict morality” and does no harm to anyone.
The text is divided into four parts. Each stanza is a first-person story. In the first ten lines, the character talks about how he treated his own wife. His wife cheated on him, and he decided to take revenge. As a result, the disgraced woman fell ill from grief and died. In the second part, the hero talks about his daughter. The girl had the imprudence to fall in love with the teacher, and even wanted to run away with him. Her father threatened her with a curse and forced her to marry a wealthy old man. The result - the unfortunate girl died of consumption. In the third stanza we're talking about about a peasant whom the hero of the poem helped to become a cook. The serf learned to cook well, but there was a catch - he became too addicted to reading, began to think and reason a lot. IN educational purposes the “moral man” flogged him. The ending of the story is that the cook drowned himself. In the fourth and final part, the character talks about a friend to whom he first lent money, and then put him in prison for debts. The borrower died there.
At the end of each stanza two lines are repeated:
Living according to strict morals,
I have never done harm to anyone in my life.
The hero of the poem sincerely believes that his actions are completely justified, that there is nothing wrong with them. The logic of the character’s thoughts is easy to understand: if his wife had not cheated, he would not have had to die disgraced; my daughter would not fall in love with someone who is inferior social status, would live happily in unequal marriage; If the peasant would not have argued with the master, he would not have drowned himself; If my friend had repaid his debt, he would not have gone to prison. Nekrasov’s “moral person” does not consider himself to blame for other people’s troubles, but that’s not what’s scary. The scary thing is that society supports him and others like him.
ON THE. Nekrasov, as soon as he became a co-owner of the Sovremennik magazine, published his short and succinct work in the first issue in 1847. It was published under the title “Moral Man” (Nekrasov). The history of the magazine’s creation goes back to A.S. Pushkin.
Transformations of Sovremennik
When a new one appeared in 1836 printed edition, then it was published four times a year and was completely unprofitable, moreover, ruinous. By 1843, a complete crisis had arrived. His publisher, P.A. Pletnev finally “got rid of it” in 1846: he sold it to Nekrasov and Panaev.
And the magazine quickly became popular, since the best domestic writers, critics, and historians were involved in working with it. During this period, the poet, with a very deep dose of satire, describes in his works his contemporary society: bribe-takers, careerists, scoundrels. A striking example is “The Moral Man” (Nekrasov). Analysis of the poem and the behavior of its main character is the topic of our article.
Satirical portrait
In four stanzas, ten lines each, the poet, as if from pieces of a mosaic, put together the image of his hero. This is a completely immoral type, who gave the name to the work - “The Moral Man” (Nekrasov). We begin our analysis of the poem from the first stanza. It is absolutely impossible to live with such a boring, cowardly, perverted concept of morality, and proud of himself, narcissistic type. His wife went on a date with noble man, and the hero, remaining with " clean hands", "sneaked" towards them with the police. He wisely refused the duel. And the wife died in grief. The moralist “has never done harm to anyone in his life.” He is in in this case took advantage of public ethics.
Second episode
The friend did not repay the debt to our hero in a timely manner. How is this situation described in the work “The Moral Man” (Nekrasov)? Analysis of the poem cannot avoid this fact: main character sent a friend to prison, where the borrower died. The sensitive scoundrel cried after death, saying that “he had never done harm to anyone in his life.” He is absolutely convinced of this, since formally the civil code is on his side.
Episode three
Our “moral man” trained the serf peasant to be a wonderful cook. But the trouble is, he got carried away with reading and thinking. Can this be allowed? What did the main character of the work “A Moral Man” (Nekrasov) do? Analysis of the poem cannot be carried out without evaluating this episode. The hero didn’t think for long. He simply flogged a man who realized that he had his own dignity.
According to the “moral person”, he is the master, and only he has the right to think - this is how the whole society thinks, and no one will judge him. After this, the serf could not live in humiliation and drowned himself. “I found stupidity,” this is how the scoundrel who acted “in a fatherly way” commented on the death of the cook, who again repeats that “he has never done harm to anyone in his life.”
Last episode
His daughter fell in love with a simple teacher. Is connivance possible? She must be cursed for this and take advantage of the parent’s right to control the life and happiness of her daughter. A moral man, or rather, a vile and disgusting man in the street, quickly marries her to a rich old man: supposedly everyone does this, and he is no exception.
A year passes, and his child dies of melancholy and grief. But the “moral person” is completely convinced that he “has never done harm to anyone in his life.”
Artistic means of the author
How does Nekrasov (“Moral Man”) structure his poem? The verse is written mainly in iambic bimeter, which includes pyrrhichs. The combination is complex, it contains cross paragraphs and paired rhymes. But it is easy to read, without tension, as natural as breathing. In his work Nekrasov (“The Moral Man”) the verse consists of four numbered quatrains, each of which has ten stanzas.
The author does not use epithets, comparisons, metaphors, using colloquial speech, which he is the first to boldly introduce into poetry. This gives an everyday flavor to all the actions of the main character. His style is democratic. Bitter irony permeates the entire poem, since artistic method is realism. The same refrain is repeated in every quatrain, drawing the reader’s attention to the disgusting caricature of the immoral, cowardly egoist who appears before us.
“Moral Man” (Nekrasov): theme and idea of the poem
The theme of the work was that of the time. The poet exposes everyone who hides under the mask of good behavior and morality and does evil. He debunks every so-called decent person showing meanness close-up, and speaks about it openly and without embellishment. The denunciation of a society consisting of petty people who consider themselves the pillars on which the state rests became the main idea of the poem.