This award, which was considered highest medal in the USSR award system, had a special status among front-line soldiers. The medal, awarded in 1941-1942, was revered among them even higher than some orders. And all because it was given exclusively for personal courage and bravery shown in battle.

Only this medal was awarded to death row prisoners, who could atone for their guilt before the Fatherland only with blood. Remember, from Vladimir Vysotsky:

...And if you don’t catch lead in your chest,

You'll get a medal on your chest"For courage"...

During the Great Patriotic War, more than 4 million defenders of the Fatherland “caught on their chests” this medal. And behind every award is a feat!

The Medal "For Courage" was established by Decree of the Presidium Supreme Council USSR dated October 17, 1938. During the Great Patriotic War, this medal was awarded to privates and sergeants; it was also awarded to officers - mainly junior ranks. The award could be repeated. There are at least three known cases when the uniforms of front-line soldiers were decorated with five (!) medals “For Courage”.

You won't believe it, but in number medal recipients“For courage” was... Hitler. In August 1941, he distinguished himself during the defense of the Tiraspol fortified area. Having destroyed more than a hundred fascists with a machine gun, being wounded, he did not drop his weapon and managed to get out of the encirclement with it. For this feat, Semyon Konstantinovich wanted to nominate Hitler for the Order of the Red Star, but, alas, his last name got in the way. So Semyon Hitler fought against Adolf Hitler with the medal “For Courage” on his chest. By the way, the owner of the same award was Guard Senior Sergeant Borman - Ivan Petrovich...

The medal "For Courage" was made of silver. In shape it is a circle, larger in size than other medals from the times of the Great Patriotic War. The front side depicts three aircraft. Below them is the inscription “For Courage”; the letters are covered in red enamel. Below this inscription is a picture of a T-35 tank. At the bottom of the medal is the inscription “USSR” covered in red enamel. On the reverse side is the number.

The electronic database of the Ministry of Defense “Feat of the People” helped us remember the names of the residents of Vologda, whose exploits were awarded the medal “For Courage”.

Sergeant Krotov Nikolai Vasilievich (b. 1917) awarded a medal for blowing up a German train with manpower in August 1942 behind enemy lines near the city of Novosokolniki.

Anti-aircraft gunner Alexey Pavlovich Zakharov (b. 1915) on August 22-23, 1942, under intense artillery fire, together with his crew, shot down 9 German planes.

In July 1942, near Voronezh, platoon commander Sergeant Major Alexander Vasilyevich Solovyov (b. 1917) twice raised his soldiers to attack by his example. During the fighting, a company of Germans, two mortar batteries with crews were destroyed, and a warehouse with ammunition was burned. For this feat, our fellow countryman was presented with the Order of Lenin. The headquarters decided to limit itself to the medal “For Courage”.

The same medal was twice awarded to a native of Vologda, a Red Army signalman of the 1176th rifle regiment
350th rifle division 67th Corps of the 12th Army Yuri Sergeevich Gavrikov.

He was awarded his first award in September 1943 for his participation in the Donbass offensive operation. On August 16, 1943, “in the area of ​​the grove southwest of Hill 202.4, under heavy enemy mortar and machine gun fire, Red Army soldier Gavrikov continuously restored the broken telephone connection of the mortar battery with the observation post, eliminating 18 cable breaks on the battlefield. On the battlefield on August 18, under heavy artillery and air fire, he eliminated 24 broken telephone wires.”

Soldier Gavrikov again “caught on his chest” the medal “For Courage” in January 1944, after the completion of the Zhitomir-Berdichev offensive operation. Telephone operator Yuri Gavrikov, risking his life, from December 24, 1943 to January 16, 1944, eliminated more than a hundred cable breaks. Yuri Sergeevich was one of the first to enter the re-liberated Zhitomir on December 31, 1943. On the streets of the city, the telephone operator personally destroyed 7 enemy soldiers and an officer. In 1944 he was awarded the Order of Glory.

After the war, officer Yuri Gavrikov qualified as a lawyer. From 1971 to 1982 he was the chairman of the Vologda City People's Court. It was he who presided over the trial of Nikolai Rubtsov’s killer, Lyudmila Derbina-Granovskaya. In the 1980-1990s he taught criminal law students of the history department of the pedagogical institute, and then of the university. Among his students there are many well-known politicians in Vologda, employees law enforcement, journalists.

Honored lawyer of the RSFSR Yuri Sergeevich Gavrikov died in 2000. He was buried at the Poshekhonskoye cemetery.

Evgeniy Starikov

Medal "For Courage" - one of the most honorable Soviet soldiers Russian awards, is a state award of the USSR, Russian Federation and Belarus. One of the few medals that, even after the collapse Soviet Union(with minor corrections) was again approved in the government awards system Russian Federation and Belarus. The Medal "For Courage" was established by decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR in October 1938. According to the statute of the award, the medal could be awarded to military personnel of the Red Army, Navy, internal and border troops for demonstrated personal courage and bravery in defending the country and performing military duty. This combat medal could also be awarded to persons who were not citizens of the USSR.

From the very moment of its appearance, the medal “For Courage” was especially popular and highly valued among front-line soldiers, since this medal was awarded exclusively for personal courage that was demonstrated during combat operations. This was the main difference between this award and some other Soviet orders and medals, which were often awarded “for participation.” Most of medals “For Courage” were issued to privates and sergeants of the Red Army, but there were also cases of awarding them to officers (mainly junior ranks).

The author of the drawing of the medal “For Courage” was the Soviet artist S.I. Dmitriev. The first award of the new military award took place on October 19, 1939. According to the signed decree, 62 people were nominated for the medal. Among the first recipients was Lieutenant Abramkin Vasily Ivanovich. Also on October 22, 1938, border guards N. E. Gulyaev and B. F. Grigoriev were among the first awarded. On November 14, another 118 people were nominated for the medal. The next time the medal was awarded en masse was already in 1939; it was mainly awarded to soldiers and officers who distinguished themselves in battles against the Japanese at Khalkhin Gol. For the entire 1939, 9,234 people were nominated for this award.

The medal "For Courage" was the largest among Soviet medals, with the exception of the medal “50 Years of the Armed Forces of the USSR”. It was round, the diameter of the medal was 37 mm. On the front side of the medal “For Courage” there was image of three aircraft flying one after another, the wingspan of the first car is 7 mm, the second is 4 mm, the third is 3 mm. Directly below the flying planes was the inscription “For Courage”, which was located in two lines. Red enamel was applied to the letters. Under the inscription “For Courage” there was an image of a T-28 tank; the width of the tank was 10 mm, length - 6 mm. Under the T-28 along bottom edge The award included the inscription “USSR”; these letters were also covered in red enamel.

Along the circumferential front side of the medal there was a slightly protruding rim, 0.75 mm wide and 0.25 mm high. Using a ring and an eyelet, the medal “For Courage” was connected to a pentagonal block, which was covered with a silk moire ribbon gray, at the edges of the tape there were two blue stripes. The total width of the tape is 24 mm, the width of the strips is 2 mm. Using this pentagonal block, the medal could be attached to a uniform or other clothing.

The medal “For Courage” was the second most established military medal of the USSR after the medal “XX Years of the Red Army”. At the same time, it was the highest medal of the USSR and, when worn, was strictly in front of the other medals (by analogy with the Order of Lenin in the system of orders of the USSR). Since the medal was mainly awarded for performing a personal feat, it was mainly awarded to private and sergeant personnel of units and subunits, rarely junior officers. Senior officers, and even more so generals, were practically not awarded this medal.

After 1939, the next mass awarding of the medal “For Courage” took place during the period Soviet-Finnish war. In total, until June 22, 1941, approximately 26 thousand military personnel were awarded this medal. During the Great Patriotic War, the awarding of the medal “For Courage” became widespread and very large in scope. In total, 4 million 230 thousand medals were awarded for the feats that were accomplished during the Second World War. Many Soviet soldiers were awarded several times.

Among those awarded the medal “For Courage” there were many Soviet women. There are cases when representatives of the fair sex were nominated for the medal “For Courage” several times. For example, Moiseeva Larisa Petrovna ( maiden name Vishnyakova) began the Great Patriotic War as a paramedic, and ended as a telephonist. She served in the 824th separate reconnaissance artillery battalion. During the war years, Larisa Moiseeva was awarded three medals “For Courage”; in addition, she had the Order of the Red Star.

The most young gentleman, who has ever received this award was a graduate of the 142nd Guards Rifle Regiment, Sergei Aleshkov, who was only 6 years old! Soldiers of the 47th Guards Division picked up the boy in the summer of 1942; they found him in the forest. Sergei's brother and mother were brutally tortured by the Nazis. As a result, the soldiers kept him in their unit, and he became the son of the regiment. In November 1942, he and the regiment entered Stalingrad. He, of course, could not fight, but he tried to help the fighters as much as possible: he brought water, bread, ammunition, and sang songs and read poetry in between battles.

In Stalingrad, Sergei Aleshkov received the medal “For Courage” for saving the regiment commander, Colonel Vorobyov. During the battle, Vorobyov was buried in his dugout, Seryozha tried to dig out the commander himself, tried to clear the rubble, but soon realized that he simply did not have enough strength for this, after which he began to call for help from the unit’s fighters. The soldiers who arrived in time were able to dig the commander out from under the rubble, and he remained alive. In the future, he became the adoptive father of Sergei Aleshkov.

Another son of the regiment, Afanasy Shkuratov, joined the 1191st Infantry Regiment at the age of 12. By the end of the Great Patriotic War, he had two medals “For Courage”. He received his first award during the battles in the Vitebsk region for the city of Surozh. Then he bandaged and delivered Major Starikov, who was seriously wounded in battle, to the medical battalion. He received his second medal for personal courage, which he showed during the fighting on the Mannerheim Line in Karelia.

After the end of the Great Patriotic War, the medal “For Courage” was awarded much less frequently, since the USSR was not officially at war. Despite this, in 1956 there was enough large group Soviet soldiers were awarded for the suppression of a “counter-revolutionary rebellion” on Hungarian territory. Only at 7 Guards Division Airborne awards 296 people received it. The second mass awarding of the medal “For Courage” took place already during Afghan war. Thousands of Soviet soldiers and officers who took part in this conflict, were awarded various military awards, including this medal. In total, before the collapse of the USSR, 4,569,893 awards were made.

Information sources:

http://medalww.ru/nagrady-sssr/medali-sssr/medal-za-otvagu
http://milday.ru/ussr/ussr-uniform-award/362-medal-za-otvagu.html
http://ordenrf.ru/su/medali-su/medal-za-otvagu.php
http://www.rusorden.ru/?nr=su&nt=mw1

In the history of the USSR there is a large number of badges and awards that were awarded to citizens of the state who made a personal contribution to the prosperity of the USSR. Separately, it is worth considering the awards that were awarded to the military, since the USSR throughout its existence was considered a superpower with exemplary development military-industrial complex. Also in the history of the USSR there is such difficult period, like the Great Patriotic War, in which the state and its allies managed to win Nazi Germany. As for military awards, one of the most significant is the medal “For Courage”.

Medal of Honor"

All about the reward

This medal was established in the fall of 1938, when the corresponding decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR was issued. The medal was awarded to the military of the Red Army, border guards and internal troops, as well as military personnel of the Navy. The award “For Courage” was received for displaying courage and bravery in the performance of military duty to the Fatherland. More precisely, the medal was awarded to ordinary soldiers and sergeants. However, there were cases when junior officers received such an award.

The first medals “For Courage” were awarded to 1,332 USSR military personnel. These soldiers showed honor, valor and courage during the defense of the Lake Khasan area. A year later, medals were awarded to 9,234 soldiers and commanders. Afterwards, the USSR military personnel participating in the Finnish war. Until 1941, over 26 thousand soldiers received the award.

During the Great Patriotic War, the awarding of the medal “For Courage” was widespread, which is understandable. At least 4 million soldiers performed such honorable military exploits. By the way, most fighters were awarded such medals several times. For example, Lance Sergeant, commander of the submachine gunner squad M. Menshov received 3 medals “For Courage”. The latter was awarded to Menshov for fighting in Gdansk, Poland.

The owner of a record number of medals (5 pieces) was S. Zolnikov, a sergeant-mortarman of the eighth separate Guards rifle brigade. This man was also awarded the Order of Glory, third degree. The first medal was received by the hero of the USSR for the battle taking place in the Sinyavinsky swamps in the fall of 1942. The fifth medal was awarded to Zolnikov in May 1945 for the battle on the Courland Peninsula.

Also, P. Gribkov, a veteran of the Great Patriotic War - intelligence officer, and V. Potapova (Ippolitova) - a guard sergeant, were awarded five medals.

Among the holders of medals “For Courage” there are many women - paramedics, telephonists, etc. Awards were also presented to minor participants in the Great Patriotic War, as well as foreign citizens who contributed to the victory of the USSR over fascism.

The second wave of mass awards occurred during the War in Afghanistan. The medal was awarded to officers and soldiers who brilliantly fulfilled their military duty to their Motherland.

Medals “For Courage” exist in the following versions:

1. 1938-1943: the medal itself was made of a silver alloy. The award block had the shape of a rectangle. The block itself was represented by a red ribbon. The award was attached to the clothing using a round nut located on the back of the block.
2. Since 1943: the medal block began to be made in the shape of a pentagon. The medallion itself has remained virtually unchanged.

Nowadays in the Russian Federation the purchase and sale of medals “For Courage” is prohibited by law. Still, many collectors are interested in the question of the approximate cost of such an award. An idea of ​​the price can be obtained from reports from foreign auctions and online auctions. The most valuable are the medals that were made before 1943, that is, those that had a rectangular block. The approximate cost of such a medal at a foreign auction is $100, but this is not the limit.

Medal "For Courage" and certificate

The most expensive medals, the price of which can reach $300, are those with numbers stamped on them. As for medals with pentagonal blocks, their cost ranges from 5 to 10 dollars.

Order of the Patriotic War

In the history of the Russian Federation, one can highlight not only the medal, which is called “For Courage,” but also the Order of the Patriotic War. It was the first award that appeared during the War. In addition, this is the first order in the USSR, which was divided into degrees depending on the characteristics of the military feat.

In April 1942, I. Stalin ordered Colonel General A. Khrelev (chief of the rear of the Red Army) to begin creating a new order. It was planned that it would be called “For military valor" Work on the sketches of the order was entrusted to A. Kuznetsov, a specialist in the development of military insignia.

As a result, about 30 sketches were submitted for consideration, but Stalin preferred two versions by Kuznetsov and two more by S. Dmitriev. Nevertheless, Kuznetsov’s sketch became the basic model. The new order began to be called “Patriotic War”. In addition, a system was built according to which 2 degrees of the order were distinguished. All units that made up the order:

• a relief five-pointed star with rays covered with ruby ​​red enamel;
• a rifle and saber protrude from behind a red star;
• a red star was superimposed on a star made of genuine gold;
• the central part of the order is represented by a ruby-red circle with a hammer and sickle;
• The central part of the award badge is framed by a circle of white enamel.

As for the differences between the orders of the first and second degree, there was one. In the order of the second degree, a red star was attached to a silver star.

The statute of the order of the first degree provided for about three dozen military situations (350 thousand soldiers were awarded). The Order of the second degree, which included 25 combat situations, was awarded to about 900 thousand military personnel.

The first orders were received in 1942 by soldiers of the artillery division, commanded by Captain I. Krikliy. As a result of two-week battles, the soldiers were able to destroy over 30 units military equipment fascist troops. Among awarded the order During the Patriotic War there were many foreigners - military personnel from Czechoslovakia, Poland, France and Great Britain.

The Order of the Patriotic War was officially discontinued in 1947, but in 1985 the order was resumed as a commemorative award given to veterans of the Great Patriotic War. The Order of the Patriotic War, like other insignia of the Order of the USSR, is prohibited from being sold or bought on the territory of the Russian Federation.

Hero of the Soviet Union is the highest degree of distinction of the USSR. Highest rank, which was awarded for performing a feat or outstanding merits during hostilities, and also, as an exception, in Peaceful time.
The title was first established by the Decree of the Central Executive Committee of the USSR dated April 16, 1934; an additional insignia for the Hero of the Soviet Union is the medal “ Golden Star" - established by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated August 1, 1939. The author of the award sketch is the architect Miron Ivanovich Merzhanov.

Order "Victory"

The Order of "Victory" - the highest military order of the USSR, was established by the Decree of the Presidium of the USSR Armed Forces of November 8, 1943 on the establishment of the Order of "Victory" simultaneously with soldier's order Glory. By decree of the Presidium of the USSR Armed Forces of August 18, 1944, the sample and description of the ribbon of the Order of Victory, as well as the procedure for wearing the bar with the ribbon of the order, were approved. In total there were 20 awards and seventeen gentlemen (three were awarded twice, one was deprived of the award posthumously).

Order of the Red Star

The Order of the Red Star was established by the Resolution of the Presidium of the Central Executive Committee of the USSR dated April 6, 1930. The statute of the order was established by the Resolution of the Presidium of the Central Executive Committee of the USSR of May 5, 1930.
Subsequently, changes and clarifications were made to issues related to awarding the Order of the Red Star. General provision on orders of the USSR (Resolution of the Central Executive Committee and Council of People's Commissars of the USSR dated May 7, 1936), Decrees of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated June 19, 1943, February 26, 1946, October 15, 1947 and December 16, 1947. The Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated March 28, 1980 approved the Statute of the Order of the Red Star in a new edition.

Order of the Red Banner

The Order of the Red Banner (Order "Red Banner") is the first of the Soviet orders. It was established to reward special bravery, dedication and courage shown in the defense of the socialist Fatherland. The Order of the Red Banner was also awarded to military units, warships, state and public organizations. Until the establishment of the Order of Lenin in 1930, the Order of the Red Banner remained the highest order of the Soviet Union.

The order of Lenin

The order of Lenin - highest award Union of Soviet Socialist Republics- established by a resolution of the Presidium of the Central Executive Committee of the USSR dated April 6, 1930.
The first insignia of the Order of Lenin were made at the Goznak factory. The stamp for the test sample of the “Order of Lenin” badge was engraved by Alexey Pugachev.
The statute of the order and its description were amended by the Decree of the Central Executive Committee of the USSR dated September 27, 1934, Decrees of the Presidium of the Supreme Council dated June 19, 1943 and December 16, 1947.
By the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated March 28, 1980, the statute of the order was approved in its final edition.

Order of Glory

The Order of Glory is a military order of the USSR, established by the Decree of the Presidium of the USSR Armed Forces dated November 8, 1943 “On the establishment of the Order of Glory I, II and III degree" Awarded to privates and sergeants of the Red Army, and in aviation to persons holding the rank of junior lieutenant. It was awarded only for personal merit; it was not awarded to military units and formations.
The Order of Glory has three degrees, of which the highest order, I degree, is gold, and II and III are silver (the second degree had a gilded central medallion). These insignia could be issued for personal feat on the battlefield, were issued in strict order - from lowest to highest degree.

Order of Nakhimov

The Order of Nakhimov is a Soviet naval award during the Great Patriotic War.
Established by the Decree of the Presidium of the USSR Armed Forces of March 3, 1944 on the establishment of military orders: the Order of Ushakov I and II degrees and the Order of Nakhimov I and II degrees, simultaneously with the Order of Ushakov specifically for awarding officers of the Navy. The reward hierarchy has the following correspondences:

• The naval commander's order of Ushakov corresponds to the military commander's order of Suvorov

In total, 82 awards were made with the Order of Nakhimov, I degree, and 469 awards were made with the Order of Nakhimov, II degree.

Order of Kutuzov

The Order of Kutuzov is a Soviet award established during the Great Patriotic War, named after Mikhail Kutuzov. The order is preserved in the award system of the Russian Federation.
This is the only one Soviet order, different degrees which were established in different time.
The first and second degrees of the Order of Kutuzov were established by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated July 29, 1942. By decree of February 8, 1943, the III degree of the Order of Kutuzov was established, which brought it into line with the Order of Suvorov in terms of positions awarded. But unlike it, the Order of Kutuzov had a more “defensive” and “staff” character, which was reflected in its Statute.
The creator of the Kutuzov Order project was the artist N.I. Moskalev, the author of many sketches of orders and medals of the war years.

Order of the Patriotic War

The Order of the Patriotic War is a military order of the USSR, established by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR “On the establishment of the Order of the Patriotic War, I and II degrees” dated May 20, 1942. Subsequently, some changes were made to the description of the order by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of June 19, 1943, and to the statute of the order by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of December 16, 1947. During the war, 1,276 thousand people were awarded this order, including about 350 thousand - the order of the 1st degree.
The Order of the Patriotic War was awarded to private and commanding personnel of the Red Army, Navy, NKVD troops and partisan detachments who showed themselves in battles for Soviet Motherland courage, perseverance and courage, as well as military personnel who, through their actions, contributed to the success of the combat operations of our troops.
The award was based on the project of A. I. Kuznetsov, and the idea of ​​​​the inscription “Patriotic War” on the sign was taken from the project of S. I. Dmitriev.
In 1985, in honor of the 40th anniversary great victory over fascism, the Order of the Patriotic War was revived as a memorial award for veterans.

Order of Bohdan Khmelnytsky

The Order of Bohdan Khmelnitsky is a Soviet military order from the Great Patriotic War.
The order was established by the Decree of the Presidium of the USSR Armed Forces of October 10, 1943 on the establishment of the Order of Bohdan Khmelnitsky I, II and III degrees. This Decree was subsequently amended by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated February 26, 1947.
The order was awarded to commanders and soldiers of the Red Army and Navy, leaders of partisan detachments and partisans who showed particular determination and skill in operations to defeat the enemy, high patriotism, courage and dedication in the struggle for the liberation of Soviet land from the German invaders.
Established during the liberation of Ukraine at the suggestion of a member of the 1st Military Council Ukrainian Front Lieutenant General N. S. Khrushchev; Among the participants in its creation were figures of Ukrainian culture: film director A. P. Dovzhenko and poet Mykola Bazhan.
The Order of Bohdan Khmelnitsky, 1st degree, was awarded only 323 times, and generals V.K. Baranov, N.A. Borzov, I.T. Bulychev, F. F. Zhmachenko and some others were awarded the order twice.

Order of Alexander Nevsky

Established by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated July 29, 1942. Subsequently, the Statute of the order was supplemented by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of November 10, 1942. Partial changes were made to the description of the order by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated June 19, 1943.
The Order of Alexander Nevsky was awarded to the commanders of the Red Army who demonstrated outstanding performance in battles for their Motherland in Patriotic War personal courage, courage and bravery and skillful command providing successful actions their parts.
The best sketch of the Order of Alexander Nevsky was created by the young architect I.S. Telyatnikov.
In total, 42,165 awards were made with the Order of Alexander Nevsky for exploits and merits in the Great Patriotic War. Among those awarded are 1,473 military units and formations of the Soviet Army and Navy.

Order of Suvorov

The Order of Suvorov is a Soviet award from the Great Patriotic War. Established by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of July 29, 1942, simultaneously with the Orders of Kutuzov and Alexander Nevsky. The Order of Suvorov was awarded to commanders of the Red Army for outstanding achievements in command and control. Military units were also awarded.
The Order of Suvorov was awarded by Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR. The Order of Suvorov consisted of three degrees: I, II, and III degrees. Highest degree The order was 1st degree.
The author of the project for the Order of Suvorov was the architect of the Central Military Design Institute, Petr Skokan.
In total, during the war years, 346 awards were made with the Order of Suvorov 1st degree, about 2800 awards with the 2nd degree, and about 4000 with the Order of the 3rd degree.
The order has been retained in the award system modern Russia, however, on this moment no awards have yet been made.

Order of Ushakov

The Order of Ushakov is a Soviet naval award from the Great Patriotic War.
Established by the Decree of the Presidium of the USSR Armed Forces of March 3, 1944 on the establishment of military orders: the Order of Ushakov I and II degrees and the Order of Nakhimov I and II degrees, simultaneously with the Order of Nakhimov specifically for awarding officers of the Navy. The seniority of the Order of Ushakov over the Order of Nakhimov was determined and put in accordance with:

• naval commander's order of Ushakov - military commander's order of Suvorov
• naval commander's order of Nakhimov - military commander's order of Kutuzov

The order was designed by the architect M. A. Shepilevsky.
In total, the Order of Ushakov, 1st degree, was awarded 47 times, including awards to formations and units, including 11 times for the second time. The Order of Ushakov, II degree, was issued 194 times, including to 12 formations and units of the Navy.

Order " Mother's glory»

The Order of Mother's Glory was established by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated July 8, 1944. The statute of the order was approved by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of August 18, 1944. The Statute of the Order was amended and supplemented by Decrees of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated December 16, 1947, May 28, 1973, and May 28, 1980.
The Order of Maternal Glory was awarded to mothers who gave birth and raised seven, eight and nine children.
The Order of Mother's Glory was awarded on behalf of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR by decrees of the Presidiums of the Supreme Soviets of the Union and autonomous republics.
The Order of Mother's Glory consists of three degrees: I, II, and III degrees.
The author of the order project is the chief artist of Goznak, Honored Artist of the RSFSR I. I. Dubasov. The order was made at the Moscow Mint.

Medal of Honor"

The Medal "For Courage" is a state award of the USSR, Russian Federation and Belarus. It was established on October 17, 1938 to reward soldiers of the Red Army, Navy and Border Guard for personal courage and bravery in battles with the enemies of the Soviet Union. After the collapse of the USSR, the medal in the same design (with minor adjustments) was re-established in the award systems of Russia and Belarus.

Medal "For victory over Germany in the Second World War 1941-1945"

Medal "For victory over Germany in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945" established by the Decree of the Presidium of the USSR Armed Forces of May 9, 1945. The authors of the medal are artists E. M. Romanov and I. K. Andrianov.
Medal "For victory over Germany in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945" were awarded:

• all military personnel and civilian staff who took direct part in the ranks of the Red Army, Navy and NKVD troops on the fronts of the Patriotic War or ensured victory through their work in military districts;
• all military personnel and civilian staff members who served during the Great Patriotic War in the ranks of the active Red Army, Navy and NKVD troops, but left them due to injury, illness and injury, as well as transferred by decision of state and party organizations to another work outside the army.

Medal "For victory over Germany in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945" approximately 14,933,000 people were awarded.

Medal "For the Capture of Berlin"

Medal "For the Capture of Berlin" » - a medal established by the Decree of the Presidium of the USSR Armed Forces of June 9, 1945 in honor of the capture of Berlin during the Great Patriotic War.
According to the Regulations on the medal “For the Capture of Berlin,” it was awarded to “military personnel of the Soviet Army, Navy and NKVD troops - direct participants in the heroic assault and capture of Berlin, as well as the organizers and leaders of military operations during the capture of this city.”
In total, more than 1.1 million people were awarded the medal “For the Capture of Berlin”.

Medal "For the Defense of the Caucasus"

The medal “For the Defense of the Caucasus” was established by the Decree of the Presidium of the USSR Armed Forces dated May 1, 1944 on the establishment of the medal “For the Defense of the Caucasus.” The author of the design of the medal is the artist N. I. Moskalev.
The medal “For the Defense of the Caucasus” was awarded to all participants in the defense of the Caucasus - military personnel of the Red Army, Navy and NKVD troops, as well as persons from civilian population who took a direct part in the defense.
The medal “For the Defense of the Caucasus” is worn on the left side of the chest and, if there are other medals of the USSR, is located after the medal “For the Defense of Kyiv”.
About 870,000 people were awarded the medal “For the Defense of the Caucasus”.

Medal "Partisan of the Patriotic War"

The medal “Partisan of the Patriotic War” was established by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated February 2, 1943. The author of the medal drawing is the artist N. I. Moskalev, the drawing is taken from the unrealized project of the medal “25 Years of the Soviet Army”.
The medal “Partisan of the Patriotic War” was awarded to partisans commanding staff partisan detachments and organizers partisan movement for special services in organizing the partisan movement, for courage, heroism and outstanding successes in guerrilla warfare for the Soviet Motherland in the rear Nazi invaders.
The medal “Partisan of the Patriotic War”, 1st degree, was awarded to 56,883 people, 2nd degree - 70,992 people.

Medal "For the Liberation of Warsaw"

The medal “For the Liberation of Warsaw” was established by the Decree of the Presidium of the USSR Armed Forces of June 9, 1945. The author of the medal project is the artist Kuritsyna.
The medal “For the Liberation of Warsaw” was awarded to military personnel of the Red Army, Navy and NKVD troops - direct participants in the heroic assault and liberation of Warsaw in the period January 14-17, 1945, as well as the organizers and leaders of military operations during the liberation of this city.
Approximately 701,700 people were awarded the Medal for the Liberation of Warsaw.

Medal "For military merits»

The medal “For Military Merit” was established by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated October 17, 1938, which was subsequently repeatedly supplemented by others regulatory documents. Together with the medal "For Courage" it became one of the first Soviet awards.
The author of the medal design is artist S.I. Dmitriev.
The Medal “For Military Merit” was established to award for active assistance in the success of military operations and strengthening the combat readiness of troops.
The medal "For Military Merit" was awarded 5,210,078 times.

Medal "For Defense" Soviet Arctic"established by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated December 5, 1944 "On the establishment of the medal “For the Defense of the Soviet Arctic” and on awarding this medal to participants in the defense of the Soviet Arctic.” The author of the image of the medal is Lieutenant Colonel V. Alov with modifications by the artist A. I. Kuznetsov.
The medal “For the Defense of the Soviet Arctic” was awarded to all participants in the defense of the Arctic - military personnel of the Red Army, Navy and NKVD troops, as well as civilians who took a direct part in the defense. The period of defense of the Soviet Arctic is considered to be June 22, 1941 - November 1944.
The medal "For the Defense of the Soviet Arctic" was awarded to approximately 353,240 people.

Medal "For the Capture of Budapest"

The medal “For the Capture of Budapest” was established by the Decree of the Presidium of the USSR Armed Forces of June 9, 1945. The author of the medal project is artist A.I. Kuznetsov.
The medal “For the Capture of Budapest” was awarded to military personnel of the Red Army, Navy and NKVD troops - direct participants in the heroic assault and capture of Budapest during the period December 20, 1944 - February 15, 1945, as well as the organizers and leaders of military operations during the capture of this city.
The medal “For the Capture of Budapest” is worn on the left side of the chest and, if there are other medals of the USSR, is located after the medal “For the Victory over Japan”.
Approximately 362,050 people were awarded the Medal for the Capture of Budapest.

Medal "For the Defense of Kyiv"

The medal “For the Defense of Kyiv” was established by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated June 21, 1961. The author of the medal project is the artist V. N. Atlantov.
The medal “For the Defense of Kyiv” was awarded to all participants in the defense of Kyiv - military personnel of the Soviet Army and the troops of the former NKVD, as well as all workers who took part in the defense of Kyiv in the ranks people's militia, on the construction of defensive fortifications, who worked in factories and factories that served the needs of the front, members of the Kyiv underground and partisans who fought the enemy near Kiev. The period of defense of Kyiv is considered to be July - September 1941.
The medal “For the Defense of Kyiv” is worn on the left side of the chest and, in the presence of other medals of the USSR, is located after the medal “For the Defense of Stalingrad”.
As of January 1, 1995, approximately 107,540 people were awarded the medal “For the Defense of Kyiv.”

Medal "For the Defense of Leningrad"

The medal “For the Defense of Leningrad” was established by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated December 22, 1942. The author of the medal project is the artist N. I. Moskalev.
The medal “For the Defense of Leningrad” was awarded to all participants in the defense of Leningrad.
The awarding of the medal began immediately after its establishment; until 1945, about 600,000 blockade survivors were awarded. Information about these people as of 1945 was kept in the Museum of the Siege of Leningrad; there were 6 volumes with the names of the recipients. These documents were later lost
About 1,470,000 people were awarded the medal “For the Defense of Leningrad”. Among them are 15 thousand children and teenagers under siege.

Medal "For the Liberation of Prague"

The medal “For the Liberation of Prague” was established by the Decree of the Presidium of the USSR Armed Forces of June 9, 1945. The authors of the medal design are artist A.I. Kuznetsov and artist Skorzhinskaya. The medal “For the Liberation of Prague” was awarded to military personnel of the Red Army, Navy and NKVD troops - direct participants Prague operation during the period May 3–9, 1945, as well as the organizers and leaders of military operations during the liberation of this city. The medal “For the Liberation of Prague” is worn on the left side of the chest and, in the presence of other medals of the USSR, is located after the medal “For the Liberation of Warsaw”. Over 395,000 people were awarded the Medal for the Liberation of Prague.

Medal "For the Defense of Odessa"

The medal “For the Defense of Odessa” was established by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated December 22, 1942. The author of the design of the medal is the artist N. I. Moskalev.
The medal “For the Defense of Odessa” was awarded to all participants in the defense of Odessa - military personnel of the Red Army, Navy and NKVD troops, as well as civilians who took a direct part in the defense. The period of defense of Odessa is considered to be August 10 - October 16, 1941.
The medal was awarded on behalf of the USSR PMC on the basis of documents certifying actual participation in the defense of Odessa, issued by unit commanders, heads of military medical institutions, and the Odessa regional and city Councils of Working People's Deputies.
The medal “For the Defense of Odessa” is worn on the left side of the chest and, if there are other medals of the USSR, is located after the medal “For the Defense of Moscow”.
About 30,000 people were awarded the medal “For the Defense of Odessa”.

Medal "For the Liberation of Belgrade"

Medal “For the Liberation of Belgrade” is a medal established by the Decree of the Presidium of the USSR Armed Forces of June 9, 1945. The design of the medal was created by artist A.I. Kuznetsov.
The medal “For the Liberation of Belgrade” is awarded to military personnel of the Red Army, Navy and NKVD troops - direct participants in the heroic assault and liberation of Belgrade during the period September 29 - October 22, 1944, as well as the organizers and leaders of military operations during the liberation of this city.
The medal “For the Liberation of Belgrade” is worn on the left side of the chest and, if there are other medals of the USSR, is located after the medal “For the Capture of Berlin”.
About 70,000 people were awarded the Medal for the Liberation of Belgrade.

Medal "For the Capture of Koenigsberg"

The medal “For the Capture of Koenigsberg” was established by the Decree of the Presidium of the USSR Armed Forces of June 9, 1945. The author of the medal project is artist A.I. Kuznetsov.
The medal “For the Capture of Koenigsberg” was awarded to military personnel of the Red Army, Navy and NKVD troops - direct participants in the heroic assault and capture of Koenigsberg in the period January 23 - April 10, 1945, as well as the organizers and leaders of military operations during the capture of this city.
The medal “For the Capture of Koenigsberg” is worn on the left side of the chest and, in the presence of other USSR medals, is located after the medal “For the Capture of Budapest”.
About 760,000 people were awarded the medal “For the Capture of Koenigsberg”.

Medal "For the Defense of Moscow"

The medal “For the Defense of Moscow” was established by the Decree of the Presidium of the USSR Armed Forces dated May 1, 1944 on the establishment of the medal “For the Defense of Moscow.” The author of the design of the medal is the artist N. I. Moskalev.
The medal “For the Defense of Moscow” was awarded to all participants in the defense of Moscow.
The medal is worn on the left side of the chest and, in the presence of other USSR medals, is located after the medal “For the Defense of Leningrad”.
The medal "For the Defense of Moscow" was awarded to approximately 1,028,600 people.

Medal "For the Defense of Stalingrad"

The medal “For the Defense of Stalingrad” was established by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated December 22, 1942. The author of the medal design is artist N. I. Moskalev
The medal “For the Defense of Stalingrad” was awarded to all participants in the defense of Stalingrad - military personnel of the Red Army, Navy and NKVD troops, as well as civilians who took a direct part in the defense. The period of defense of Stalingrad is considered to be July 12 - November 19, 1942.
The medal “For the Defense of Stalingrad” is worn on the left side of the chest and, if there are other medals of the USSR, is located after the medal “For the Defense of Sevastopol”.
The medal "For the Defense of Stalingrad" was awarded to approximately 759,560 people.

Medal "For the Capture of Vienna"

Medal “For the Capture of Vienna” is a medal established by the Decree of the Presidium of the USSR Armed Forces of June 9, 1945 in honor of the capture of Vienna during the Great Patriotic War.
The medal “For the Capture of Vienna” was awarded to military personnel of the Red Army, Navy and NKVD troops - direct participants in the assault and capture of Vienna during the period March 16 - April 13, 1945, as well as the organizers and leaders of military operations during the capture of this city.
The medal “For the Capture of Vienna” is worn on the left side of the chest and, in the presence of other USSR medals, is located after the medal “For the Capture of Koenigsberg”.
The medal "For the Capture of Vienna" was awarded to approximately 277,380 people.

Medal "For the Defense of Sevastopol"

The medal “For the Defense of Sevastopol” was established by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated December 22, 1942. The author of the approved design of the medal is the artist N.I. Moskalev.
The medal “For the Defense of Sevastopol” was awarded to all participants in the defense of Sevastopol - military personnel of the Red Army, Navy and NKVD troops, as well as civilians who took a direct part in the defense. The defense of Sevastopol lasted 250 days, from October 30, 1941 to July 4, 1942.
The medal “For the Defense of Sevastopol” is worn on the left side of the chest and, in the presence of other medals of the USSR, is located after the medal “For the Defense of Odessa”.
The medal “For the Defense of Sevastopol” was awarded to approximately 52,540 people.

Medal "For Valiant Labor in the Second World War 1941-1945"

Medal "For Valiant Labor in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945" established by the Decree of the Presidium of the USSR Armed Forces of June 6, 1945. The authors of the medal design are artists I.K. Andrianov and E.M. Romanov.
Medal "For Valiant Labor in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945" were awarded:

• workers, engineering and technical personnel and employees of industry and transport;
• collective farmers and agricultural specialists;
• workers of science, technology, art and literature;
• workers of Soviet, party, trade union and other public organizations- who, with their valiant and selfless labor, ensured the victory of the Soviet Union over Germany in the Great Patriotic War.

Medal "For Valiant Labor in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945" worn on the left side of the chest and, in the presence of other USSR medals, is located after the medal “For the Liberation of Prague”.
Medal "For Valiant Labor in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945" approximately 16,096,750 people were awarded.

Medal "For Victory over Japan"

The medal “For Victory over Japan” was established by the Decree of the Presidium of the USSR Armed Forces of September 30, 1945. The author of the medal project is the artist M.L. Lukina.
The medal "For Victory over Japan" was awarded to:

• all military personnel and civilian personnel of units and formations of the Red Army, Navy and NKVD troops who took direct part in hostilities against the Japanese imperialists as part of the troops of the 1st Far Eastern, 2nd Far Eastern and Transbaikal fronts, Pacific Fleet and the Amur River Flotilla;
• military personnel central departments NGOs, NKVMF and NKVD that took part in supporting combat operations Soviet troops on Far East.
  The medal “For Victory over Japan” is worn on the left side of the chest and, in the presence of other medals of the USSR, is located after the anniversary medal “Forty Years of Victory in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945.”

The total number of people awarded the medal “For Victory over Japan” is about 1,800,000 people.

Nakhimov Medal

The Nakhimov Medal is a state award of the USSR. Established by the Decree of the Presidium of the USSR Armed Forces dated March 3, 1944 “On the establishment of military medals: Ushakov medals and Nakhimov medals.” By Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Council of the Russian Federation of March 2, 1992 No. 2424-1, the medal was left in the system of awards of the Russian Federation until the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of March 2, 1994 No. 442 “On state awards ah Russian Federation."
The Nakhimov medal was awarded to sailors and soldiers, foremen and sergeants, midshipmen and warrant officers of the Navy and maritime units of the border troops. In total, over 13,000 awards were given
The Nakhimov medal was designed by the architect M. A. Shepilevsky.

Ushakov Medal

The Ushakov Medal is a state award of the USSR and the Russian Federation. Established by the Decree of the Presidium of the USSR Armed Forces of March 3, 1944 “On the establishment of military medals: Ushakov medals and Nakhimov medals.” By Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Council of the Russian Federation dated March 2, 1992 No. 2424-1, the medal was retained in the system of state awards of the Russian Federation. Re-established by Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of March 2, 1994 No. 442.
The medal was made according to the design of the architect M. A. Shepilevsky.
The Ushakov Medal was awarded to sailors and soldiers, foremen and sergeants, midshipmen and warrant officers of the Navy and naval units of the border troops for the courage and bravery shown in defending the socialist Fatherland in maritime theaters, both in war and in peacetime.
During the war years, about 14 thousand sailors were awarded the Ushakov medal.

Badge "Guard"

"Guard" - Chest sign in the Red Army and Soviet army USSR Armed Forces, established on May 21, 1942.
Later, it began to be awarded to military personnel of the Guards formations of the USSR Navy.
The sign was made according to the design of the artist S.M. Dmitrieva.
Based on the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated June 11, 1943, this sign was also placed on the banners of armies and corps that received the title of guards.
In total, during the war, until May 9, 1945, the following guards titles were awarded: 11 combined arms and 6 tank armies; horse-mechanized group; 40 rifle, 7 cavalry, 12 tank, 9 mechanized and 14 aviation corps; 117 rifle, 9 airborne, 17 cavalry, 6 artillery, 53 aviation and 6 anti-aircraft artillery divisions; 7 rocket artillery divisions; many dozens of brigades and regiments. IN Navy there were 18 surface guard ships, 16 submarines, 13 combat boat divisions, 2 air divisions, 1 brigade Marine Corps and 1 naval railway artillery brigade.