Black September: how Russia survived the largest series of terrorist attacks. Kovalev's Special Commission

Explosions in residential buildings in Russia in 1999 represent a series of terrorist attacks that were carried out in Moscow, Volgodonsk and Buinaksk. To date, this is the largest series of terrorist attacks in the history of modern Russia. The four explosions killed 307 people and seriously injured more than 1,700. We recall the chronicle of events that many call Black September in Russian history.

Explosion in Buinaksk

A series of explosions in residential buildings in Russia began in the Dagestan city of Buinaksk. On September 4, 1999, a five-story residential building there was blown up at ul. Levanevsky (Shikhsaidov), 3. The explosion was carried out using a GAZ-52 model truck, which at that time contained more than 2,700 kilograms of explosives made from ammonium nitrate and aluminum powder. The explosions began in the homes of military families. As a result of the explosion, two entrances of a residential building were destroyed, 64 people were killed, 23 of them were children, and 146 people were injured. The second ZIL-130 truck was neutralized by the commander of the brigade's engineering battalion near the hospital two hours after the first explosion.

Explosion in Moscow on Guryanov Street

An explosion on the first floor of a nine-story residential building No. 19 on Guryanova Street (Pechatniki district, southeast of Moscow) occurred on September 8, 1999 at 23:59. Two entrances were completely destroyed as a result of this terrorist attack. It is worth noting the fact that the emerging blast wave also led to serious deformation of the structures of the neighboring house. According to official data, the explosion killed 100 people and injured 690 people. varying degrees severity or injury. As explosives experts established, the power of the explosive device was 350 kilograms of TNT. The initial examination carried out at the explosion site showed the presence of TNT and hexogen particles. A few days later, houses No. 17 and No. 19 were destroyed by explosives experts, and the residents were relocated to other houses. September 13, 1999 was declared a day of national mourning for those killed. On this day in all churches Russian capital funeral services were served.

Later, an unknown person with a Caucasian accent called the editorial office of the Interfax agency, identified himself as a representative of the Confederation for the Liberation of Dagestan and said that the explosions of residential buildings were revenge for the conduct of hostilities on the territory of Dagestan. On the same day, an identikit was shown on television Mukhita Laipanova, a person who rented a room on the first floor of a residential building in which an explosion occurred.

After the explosion on Guryanov Street, Moscow local police officers began checking all non-residential buildings in their territories. Yes, the district police officer Dmitry Kuzov Among others, house No. 6, building 3 on Kashirskoe Highway was inspected. In this house there was a furniture store, which its owner leased to a man who introduced himself as Mukhit Laipanov, for a sugar warehouse. When inspecting the store, Kuzov found bags of sugar, however, since he did not know that terrorists were masking explosives in this way, he did not suspect anything. On September 12, the district police officer came to the same house with a second check, but this time the door of the store was locked, and the policeman could not break it in the absence of the owner. The next day there was a powerful explosion in this house. In 2000, at the site of the explosion on Guryanov Street, a memorial sign in the form of a granite chapel pillar on a pedestal with a landscaped area around it. Flowers and wreaths are often brought to him.

Explosion in Moscow on Kashirskoye Highway

On September 13, 1999, at 5 o’clock in the morning, an explosion occurred in the basement of an eight-story brick residential building No. 6, building 3 on Kashirskoye Highway.

As a result of the explosion, almost all the residents of the house were killed - 124 people, 7 were injured of varying degrees of severity. The power of the explosion this time was 300 kilograms of TNT. President of Russia Boris Yeltsin called the mayor of Moscow Yuri Luzhkov and demanded that all residential buildings be checked within 24 hours. After the second explosion, unprecedented security measures were taken in Moscow and other cities. A full inspection of various basements and attics was carried out, and many residents of residential buildings engaged in spontaneous round-the-clock patrols of their areas for several months.

On September 13, the head of one of the real estate firms recognized Laipanov’s sketch as a client who was renting space from them for a warehouse (on Borisovskie Prudy Street under a 14-story residential building). The realtor reported this to the FSB. Law enforcement found in this warehouse 50 bags of explosives weighing a total of 2.5 tons and six programmed timers. According to realtors, Laipanov contacted their company through an advertisement in the newspaper and signed a lease agreement on September 3. It was established that documents in the name of Laipanov, who died in February 1999, were used by Karachai resident Achemez Gochiyaev. It is curious that the main perpetrator of the largest series of terrorist attacks in Russia is still wanted.

Explosion in Volgodonsk

The last explosion occurred on September 16 in the city of Volgodonsk, Rostov region. A GAZ-53 truck with explosives exploded near the nine-story residential building No. 35 on Oktyabrskoye Highway. The front part of the house was destroyed by the blast wave. 18 dead were rescued from the rubble, 1 person died in hospital, 89 people were hospitalized, and 37 nearby houses were damaged.

The owner of the truck was Abbaskuli Iskander-ogly Iskenderov, who drove the car to the scene of the explosion. According to him, three Caucasians bought a car from him, allegedly loaded it with potatoes and asked him to drive it to this place, and only by a miracle did he escape, going home to warm up, and not remaining on duty in it at night.

Conclusions of the investigation

According to the investigation, the terrorist attacks were organized and financed by the leaders of the illegal armed group Islamic Institute "Caucasus" Emir al-Khattab and Abu Umar. These terrorist attacks were aimed at mass death people with the aim of violating public safety, intimidating the population and influencing decision-making by authorities to eliminate the consequences of the militant attack on Dagestan in August 1999.

The main force of the militant group that attacked Dagestan were various mercenaries and fighters from other countries, all of them were members of the Islamic International Peacekeeping Brigade, which has direct ties to al-Qaeda.

Kovalev's Special Commission

An initiative funded by Boris Berezovsky(at that time a member of the Liberal Russia party), a specialized commission was created, main goal which contained a detailed investigation into the circumstances of the terrorist attacks that occurred in Volgodonsk and Moscow in 1999. A deputy was chosen as the head of this commission State Duma Sergey Kovalev. In 2003, the secretary of the Kovalev commission, human rights activist Lev Levinson stated that the version about the involvement of the FSB in all the explosions. Allegations about the involvement of the authorities, the FSB and Boris Berezovsky in the explosions were voiced in his articles by opposition political scientist Andrei Piontkovsky. Supporters of this version believe that the house bombings were carried out by the special services in order to provide justification for the entry of troops into Chechnya, to raise Putin's rating and ensure his election as president of Russia. It is curious that it was a series of explosions that became the reason for the start of a new Chechen war.

Liquidation of Khattab

The destruction of one of the main Russian terrorists of our time was a priority for Russian intelligence services. It was Khattab who was link between militants in Chechnya and international terrorist structures. In August and September 1999, together with the main terrorist of that era Shamil Basayev organized and led the invasion of militants into the territory of Dagestan.

The first information about Khattab's death appeared in the press on April 11, 2002. Representatives of the FSB officially announced the liquidation of Khattab on April 25, 2002. The militant was killed as a result of a special military operation by the special services. This news was confirmed by presidential aide Sergei Yastrzhembsky and Defense Minister Sergei Ivanov. The liquidation of Khattab was compared in significance to the liquidation of Dzhokhar Dudayev on April 21, 1996. Russian court posthumously recognized Khattab as one of the masterminds of terrorist attacks in Buinaksk, Moscow and Volgodonsk in 1999.

Birthday number 5 symbolizes an enthusiastic nature, loving adventure and risky activities, prone to everything unusual. You are active, love trips and travel, and feel at home everywhere.

You are quick and easy to learn foreign languages, traditions of other peoples. Often your actions and behavior turn out to be completely sudden and unexpected, with unpredictable consequences.
With all the difficulties, you usually get away with it. In many ways, resourcefulness, wit, and cheerfulness help you in life. Love for frequent changes can prevent you from appreciating the present and seeing real prospects.

5 is the number of feelings. And people of this number are indeed extremely sensitive. By nature they are very lively, impulsive, frivolous, prone to risk, and value pleasure very much. As a rule, they are easily excitable and are often prone to nervous disorders. In business, people of number 5 tend to succeed and recover very quickly from failures. Best Relationships they add up with the owners of the same number.

The lucky day of the week for the number 5 is Thursday.

Your planet is Jupiter.

Advice: You are always focused only forward, although sometimes it is useful for you to see what is at hand.

Important:

The desire for freedom, liveliness, sociability.
Five makes a person sexy and nervous, adventurous and lively. Encourages you to always be on the side of the law, protect the weak, and expose any injustice.

Five patronizes rulers, missionaries, teachers, philosophers, lawyers, bosses and travelers.

Love and sex:

When looking for a sexual partner, these people usually show reckless courage and can have many affairs before deciding to take the final step.

They love to experiment in this area and take a wait-and-see attitude for a long time. Whether their marriage or intimate relationship will be successful or unsuccessful depends on the extent to which the partners understand each other and whether they are ready to fill their lives with spiritual content. love affair. They are usually confused external manifestation feelings.

Words play more for them important role, rather than caresses, kisses, and sometimes sex itself. But over the years, they understand that words alone are not enough for harmony.

Birth number for a woman

Birth number 5 for a woman Such a woman is very attractive, artistic, and charming. She is partial to flattery, can be selfish, and prone to flirting. She is very sensitive and acutely perceives her surroundings. She needs to be admired, respected, approved. She has an ostentatious demeanor. It is impossible to resist her manifestations of tenderness and love. She is both sensual and soulful. She likes open relationships so that others can see the beauty and dignity of her chosen one. She is attracted to people who have a certain life experience and sufficient intelligence. She makes her own decisions and acts in her own way. Don't hurt her pride or try to control her habits. Such a woman strives to participate in various events, evenings, receive numerous guests in the house, and be a member of societies and clubs. She brings with her a bright perception of life, a fresh wind of freedom. Her partner never knows what she is really thinking about and what she will do in the next moment. IN love relationships she is skillful. Takes care of those he loves. It’s good if there is a pragmatic partner nearby who accepts and restrains this overflowing vital energy.

Birth number for a man

Birth number 5 for a man Confident, charming, independent man, does not like to ask or back down. His sexuality involves all five senses, especially touch. He enjoys the present moment. Prefers peace and serenity rather than drama or inspiration over aspiration. In love, he wants to see tangible results of his efforts. He likes to be the leader in a relationship when he is loved and respected. Lack of self-criticism and laziness are its negative aspects. He needs a sociable woman, a relationship with whom would be open, with whom he can discuss almost all issues. What attracts him to a woman is her appearance, her intellect, and her spiritual world. She must look attractive in the eyes of her friends. It's good if a woman shares or accepts his passion for travel and adventure. Pleasure and freedom of action are perhaps the main goal of his life. To a woman who shows him her love, talks about her, treats him to delicious food, nurtures his pride, makes him comfortable, he will give sensual responsiveness and tender attention. He will fulfill her every need with thoroughness and skill. He is characterized by romance and generosity.

Birth number 4

Their main characteristics are intelligence and pessimism. These people usually have a brilliant academic career. They have good powers of observation and are receptive to learning. They are extremely efficient workers, albeit without trying too hard. They do any work methodically, without hesitation. They are not quick-tempered and rarely quarrel. They are wasteful, money leaves them as quickly as it comes.

It's not easy to fall in love, but once you fall in love, it's for life. They are loyal not out of obligation, but because it is very difficult for them to love. Sexual appetite is average.

Being born pessimists, they live in constant sadness, which is very difficult for others to bear. Unsure of people. Not having much faith in themselves, they need constant encouragement. If they receive support, they feel great; if not, they become prickly and hot-tempered. Pessimism harms them because... because of it they often do not achieve great success, they miss good opportunities, believing in advance that nothing will come of it.

They do not know how to save, and in times of need they are extremely depressed if they cannot find funds.
Partners, spouses, friends should encourage them, because... deprived of support, they are lost. Everyone around you should be the embodiment of patience and strength. In return, they can receive impeccable devotion, affection and reliability from such people.

They need to overcome at all costs the feeling of inferiority from which they themselves suffer (missing opportunities, blaming the world for injustice). Most often, the reason for failure is themselves. They need to believe in themselves, in their intelligence and abilities.
They may have kidney problems, back pain and headaches.

Pythagorean square or psychomatrix

The qualities listed in the cells of the square can be strong, average, weak or absent, it all depends on the number of numbers in the cell.

Decoding the Pythagorean Square (cells of the square)

Character, willpower - 2

Energy, charisma - 0

Cognition, creativity - 2

Health, beauty - 2

Logic, intuition - 1

Hard work, skill - 1

Luck, luck - 0

Sense of duty - 0

Memory, mind - 4

Decoding the Pythagorean Square (rows, columns and diagonals of the square)

The higher the value, the more pronounced the quality.

Self-esteem (column “1-2-3”) - 4

Making money (column “4-5-6”) - 4

Talent potential (column “7-8-9”) - 4

Determination (line “1-4-7”) - 4

Family (line “2-5-8”) - 1

Stability (line “3-6-9”) - 7

Spiritual potential (diagonal “1-5-9”) - 7

Temperament (diagonal “3-5-7”) - 3

Chinese zodiac sign Rabbit

Every 2 years the Element of the year changes (fire, earth, metal, water, wood). The Chinese astrological system divides years into active, stormy (Yang) and passive, calm (Yin).

You Rabbit elements Earth of the year Yin

Birth hours

24 hours correspond to twelve signs Chinese zodiac. The sign of the Chinese horoscope of birth, corresponding to the time of birth, so it is very important to know the exact time of birth, it has strong impact on a person's character. It is argued that by looking at your birth horoscope you can accurately determine the characteristics of your character.

The most striking manifestation of the qualities of the hour of birth will occur if the symbol of the hour of birth coincides with the symbol of the year. For example, a person born in the year and hour of the Horse will display the maximum qualities prescribed for this sign.

Rat – 23:00 – 01:00
Bull – 1:00 – 3:00
Tiger – 3:00 – 5:00
Rabbit – 5:00 – 7:00
Dragon – 7:00 – 9:00
Snake – 09:00 – 11:00
Horse – 11:00 – 13:00
Goat – 13:00 – 15:00
Monkey – 15:00 – 17:00
Rooster – 17:00 – 19:00
Dog – 19:00 – 21:00
Pig – 21:00 – 23:00

European zodiac sign Virgo

Dates: 2013-08-23 -2013-09-23

The Four Elements and their Signs are distributed in the following way: Fire(Aries, Leo and Sagittarius), Earth(Taurus, Virgo and Capricorn), Air(Gemini, Libra and Aquarius) and Water(Cancer, Scorpio and Pisces). Since the elements help to describe the main character traits of a person, by including them in our horoscope, they help to create more full view about this or that person.

The characteristics of this element are cold and dryness, metaphysical matter, strength and density. In the Zodiac, this element is represented by the earth's trine (triangle): Taurus, Virgo, Capricorn. The Earth trine is considered a materialistic trine. Principle: stability.
The earth creates forms, laws, gives concreteness, stability, stability. The earth structures, analyzes, classifies, creates the foundation. She is characterized by such qualities as inertia, confidence, practicality, reliability, patience, rigor. In the body, the Earth gives inhibition, petrification through contraction and compression, and slows down the metabolic process.
People whose horoscopes express the element of Earth have a melancholic temperament. These are people of sober reason and prudence, very practical and businesslike. The goal of their life is always real and achievable, and the path to this goal is outlined already in their young years. If they deviate from their goal, it is very slightly and then mostly due to internal reasons than external ones. People of this trine achieve success thanks to such excellent character traits as perseverance, perseverance, endurance, endurance, determination, and steadfastness. They do not have such imagination and a bright, lively imagination as the signs of the Water trine, they do not have utopian ideas like the signs of Fire, but they persistently pursue their goal and always achieve it. They choose the path of least external resistance, and when obstacles arise, they mobilize their strength and energy to overcome everything that prevents them from achieving their intended goal.
People of the Earth element strive for mastery of matter. The creation of material values brings them true satisfaction, and the results of their work delight their soul. All the goals that they set for themselves must first of all bring them benefit and material gain. If the majority of planets are in the Earth's trine, such principles will apply to all areas of life, including love and marriage.
People with a predominance of the Earth element stand firmly on their feet and prefer stability, moderation, and consistency. They love a sedentary lifestyle, attached to home, property and homeland. Periods of growth and prosperity are followed by crises, which can be long-lasting due to the inertia of the Earth’s trine. It is this inertia that does not allow them to quickly switch to a new type of activity or relationship. This shows their limited ability to adapt to anyone or anything, with the exception of the sign of Virgo.
People with a pronounced Earth element usually choose a profession related to material assets, money or business. They often have “golden hands”, they are excellent craftsmen, they can be successful in applied sciences And applied arts. They are patient, submissive to circumstances, sometimes take a wait-and-see attitude, but do not forget about their daily bread. Everything is done with one goal - to improve your physical existence on earth. There will also be concern for the soul, but this will happen from case to case. All of the above is easily achievable for them, provided that their energy is not spent on such negative traits character, such as ultra-egoism, excessive prudence, self-interest and greed.

Gemini, Virgo, Sagittarius and Pisces. The mutable cross is the cross of reason, connection, adaptation, distribution. The main quality is the transformation of ideas. He is always here and now, that is, in the present. It gives mobility, flexibility, adaptability, flexibility, duality. People in whose horoscopes the Sun, Moon or most of the personal planets are in mutable signs have diplomatic abilities. They have a flexible mind and subtle intuition. They are usually very careful, prudent, vigilant and constantly in a state of anticipation, which helps them adapt to any situation. The main thing for them is to have information. When they feel not very competent or informed in any matter, they are excellent at evading and dodging everyone and everything, although they are considered the most knowledgeable of the entire Zodiac. They are sociable, courteous, talkative, interesting interlocutors. They easily and skillfully give up positions, admit their mistakes and blunders, and agree with their opponents and interlocutors. People of the mutable cross strive for inner harmony, agreement, mediation and cooperation, but are subject to strong internal anxiety and external influence. Their greatest passion is curiosity, which drives them to be in constant movement. Their views and worldview are rather unstable and depend on the environment. Often they lack own point vision. This partly explains the reasons for their imbalance and inconstancy, the changes in their lives. The true goals and plans of these people are difficult to predict, but they almost accurately guess the plans of others. They take advantage of every opportunity that can bring them benefit or profit, and skillfully manage to circumvent the blows of fate. People with a mutable cross are born realists. To achieve their goal, they use numerous friends, acquaintances, neighbors, relatives, co-workers, even strangers. Life crises are easily experienced and quickly forgotten. If not straight path To life goal, then they will go in a roundabout way, thinking about every step, bypassing all visible sharp corners, avoiding all the pitfalls. What helps them is their natural cunning and slyness, flattery and deception, and ability to deceive. Mutable signs will help out of any abnormal, unusual situation; such a situation will not make them nervous, they will only feel their element, in which they can finally act. At the same time, their psyche and nervous system very unstable. Serious obstacles can quickly incapacitate them, unsettle them and delay the achievement of their goals. In this case, they do not resist, but go with the flow.

Virgo is the sign of the element of Earth, which here gives stability, strength and fundamentality. Its main formative planets are Proserpina and Mercury. The element Earth in Virgo is very static, so Virgos can be characterized by extreme conservatism, strong rationalism, scrupulousness and pedantry. From Mercury, Virgos have prudence and perception of everything through the mental plane. Virgos are capable of remembering very large amounts of information and can process and analyze this information almost accurately. However, sometimes they lack creative initiative and intuition, that is, those main qualities that are necessary for creative synthesis.

Virgo, as a rule, is an excellent analyst, but they are usually weak in synthesis, so among Virgos you can find many experimental scientists and picky researchers who delve into details and build their system from small facts (For example, Butlerov, Rutherfod, Galvani, Faraday , Darwin). Among the Virgos we also find compilers of dictionaries - Brockhaus, Vladimir Dal. There are also Virgo writers, very gifted and who created monumental works - Goethe, L. Tolstoy.
Born under the sign of Virgo, you can be a philosopher, as you have a fairly strong mentality. In general, you study well and perceive any information. You can achieve great heights with hard work and consistency. For you, perhaps harmony consists of many small details and individual components, that is, harmony for you consists of little things. Therefore, you can be a good statistician, accountant or librarian.

In case of low spiritual development, in the worst case, qualities such as coldness and rationality may appear. An example of a strong Virgo logician is Hegel, whose iron logic to some extent compensated for his low abilities for synthesis. IN worst case you can be a dry pedant, but still with some creativity.
Among Virgos we also find people with a “ little man" They are very efficient and honest, they never get into trouble and do not conflict with their environment. Gogol loved and described such people very much. Yours worst traits when low level- this is service and servility, manifested in communication and at the same time strong self-interest, which you may be guided by.

In the case of the average level, Virgos are most often selfless. Some tediousness and pedantry are characteristic of you in any case, even at top level development. At the highest level, you are full of information and are a living walking dictionary, very erudite. It’s better not to argue with you - you can crush them with your erudition. In general, you probably love it when people admire your intelligence and abilities, and work for you is probably the most important thing in life.
Your innermost essence and development system is analysis, and you develop through the analysis of everything. You build your system from small details, and in its highest manifestations, realizing the vibrations and qualities of Proserpina, you build a kind of supersystem, which is sometimes understandable only to you alone, that is, it is ahead of its time. Your main problem is the problem of “taming” your talkativeness, as well as the possibility of directly expressing your feelings. As a rule, you have a Venus complex - love is given to you with great difficulty, because you perceive feelings and emotions mentally, through the mind. This may cause you to experience coldness in love, coldness in general, tightness and complexes. Do you sometimes suffer in your personal life or your family life is not going well, you may well be a bachelor or an old maid.

When raising children with the Sun in Virgo, special attention must be paid to aesthetics, because in the worst case, the lack of Venusian qualities can lead to the fact that they go to the other extreme: from coldness to complete debauchery. Virgos begin to explore love from a mental point of view, becoming cold experimenters in love and sex. For example, you can choose your partner by zodiac sign, by degree, by decade and experiment with what and how it will turn out, that is, you go harsh in a practical way.
Yours karmic task- do the most difficult and hard work on earth, the most thankless job that all other signs of the Zodiac provide her with. Therefore, you can work in hospitals: as a nurse, a nurse, a surgeon, where there is a lot of sewage and dirt - you tolerate everything easily, you are not squeamish. You belong to a very responsible, serious and high zodiac sign.
Among the countries under the sign of Virgo are Germany, primarily Prussia, where pedantry, accuracy and precision were very high. Japan is also the country of Virgo, where details are developed very precisely and in detail, unique instruments are created, very small and precise.
Among the Virgos was Tomaso Campanella, a man with amazing powers of regeneration.

Famous Virgos: Arafat, Botkin, Gaft, Galvani, Hegel, Goethe, Gere, Gamzatov, Humboldt, Gundareva, Helmholtz, Garbo, O'Henry, Ivan the Terrible, Dolina, Doronina, Jackson, Dovlatov, Dzerzhinsky, Dvorak, Jean-Michel Jarre , Zemfira, Sean Connery, Kobzon, Kuprin, Cooper, Christie, Kutuzov, Karelin, Copperfield, Kostolevsky, Kosmodemyanskaya, Leonov, Mercury, Mother Teresa, Lauren, Lagerfeld, Lem, Levitan, Mitkova, Montoya, Proklova, Pinkerton, Ranevskaya, Rosenbaum , Reeves, Rutherfod, Rodnina, Rutskoy, Rourke, Richelieu, Spivakov, L. Tolstoy, A. Tolstoy, Terekhova, Wells, Farmer, Faraday, Zeiss, Schiffer, Ingres, Yablochkov.

Watch a video:

Virgo | 13 zodiac signs | TV channel TV-3

The site provides condensed information about the zodiac signs. Detailed information can be found on the corresponding websites.

Latitude: 55.75, Longitude: 37.62 Time zone: Europe/Moscow (UTC+04:00) Moon phase calculation for 09/1/1999 (12:00) To calculate the phase of the moon for your city, register or log in.

Characteristics of the Moon on September 4, 1999

On the date 04.09.1999 V 12:00 The moon is in phase "Waning moon". This 24 lunar day V lunar calendar. Moon in zodiac sign Gemini ♊. Illumination percentage Moon is 34%. Sunrise Moon at 00:06, and sunset at 16:58.

Chronology of lunar days

23 lunar day from 23:26 09/02/1999 to 00:06 09/04/1999
24 lunar day from 00:06 09/04/1999 until the next day

Moon influence September 4, 1999

Moon in the zodiac sign Gemini (+)

Moon in a sign Twins. Time for quick and energetic things to do. Due to increased impulsiveness, it is worth tackling issues and problems that do not require special concentration of attention and a lot of time. Increased intellectual activity has a beneficial effect on matters that require instant decision-making or related to obtaining information.

You can engage in any financial transactions or securities transactions (especially short-term ones). You can play on the currency exchange. A favorable time for defending diplomas, dissertations or collecting information for writing them.

The constant desire to switch to another activity does not help painstaking work, requiring the mobilization of all attention, therefore, all long-term projects that require more than one day to be resolved should be put in a drawer until a favorable period arrives.

24 lunar day (±)

September 4, 1999 at 12:00 - 24 lunar day. Neutral and relatively passive day. Try to build relationships with other people without brute force and without conflict. It is best not to start anything new, but to continue what has already been started. The day is good for conception, treatment and health prevention.

Waning Moon (+)

The moon is in phase Waning moon. The fourth lunar phase is the last phase lunar month. The period of the fourth quarter, which ends with the new moon. This period is characterized by slowness, softness, and a certain lethargy. This time is quite passive.

Strength and energy in given time are rapidly declining. As a result, in the fourth lunar phase It is recommended to complete tasks, as well as manage current ones. Fresh thoughts and ideas should be postponed to the beginning of the next lunar month. The optimal time for summing up.

In the fourth lunar phase general activity decreases. IN this period It is advisable to reduce physical and mental stress. It is recommended to avoid conflicts, both in business matters and in personal relationships. Typically, there is an increase in the likelihood of quarrels and separations.

People during this period are extremely sensitive, impressionable, and highly prone to offense. This condition is reflected in the business sphere. Therefore, in the business sphere, it is advisable to suspend significant meetings until the next phase of the lunar month.

Day of week influence (±)

Day of the week - Saturday, this day falls under the influence of Saturn, a planet with strong, heavy energy, in charge of work and learning.

On this day, it is best to start resolving the tasks that have accumulated over the week, making plans for the following days, figuratively speaking, unraveling the knots that have arisen. Estimates of upcoming costs, as well as business plans drawn up on Saturday, most often turn out to be successful.

Try to carry out business meetings exactly on Saturday, never put them off until Sunday.

On September 8, 1999, an explosion occurred in a residential building on Guryanova Street in Moscow, it was preceded by a terrorist attack in the house where the families of officers of the 138th motorized rifle brigade of the Russian Ministry of Defense lived in Buinaksk on September 4. The bombings of residential buildings occurred in parallel with the fighting in the North Caucasus.In August 1999, the invasion of Wahhabi militants from Chechnya into the territory of Dagestan began, which Russian authorities responded by launching an anti-terrorist operation. After the explosions of residential buildings, echoes of the Caucasian conflict were felt in those regions of the country that were far from the source of the confrontation. The terrorists struck civilian targets in early September, when the militants were already being driven out of Dagestan. IN total In September 1999, sabotage groups from Chechnya carried out four major terrorist attacks in residential buildings (Buinaksk, Moscow (2 explosions), Volgodonsk). In addition, on September 22, an incident occurred in Ryazan that still causes a lot of controversy - a prevented terrorist attack in a residential building was declared an FSB exercise. "Caucasian Knot" introduces readers to the chronicle of these events and versions of what happened.

Explosion in the Okhotny Ryad shopping center on Manezhnaya Square

Moscow, August 31, 1999

The first explosion in the 1999 series of terrorist attacks occurred on August 31, 1999. A bomb detonated in an underground shopping complex" Okhotny Ryad"on Manezhnaya Square in Moscow, in which one person died and several dozen were injured.

Initially, the explosion was considered a criminal showdown, but was later reclassified as a terrorist attack.

An improvised explosive device was planted in the cabin slot machines, located on the lowest, third tier of the shopping complex. The explosion occurred in the evening, when there were hundreds of people in the slot machine salon and the adjacent fast food restaurant hall.

In all likelihood, it was assumed that after the explosion a fire would break out, and people would die not so much from the blast wave and damaging fragments, but from smoke and fire, but no fire occurred.

On September 2, 1999, responsibility for the explosion in mall militants of a terrorist organization took over Manezhnaya Square" Liberation Army Dagestan." A representative of the organization said that terrorist attacks in Russia will continue until federal troops leave Dagestan.

The perpetrators of the terrorist attack, Khalid Khuguev and Magomed-Zagir Gadzhiakaev, were sentenced to 25 and 15 years in prison. Shamil Basayev, who instructed Khalid Khuguev to organize terrorist attacks in Moscow, died in 2006 due to careless handling of an explosive device (according to another version, he was killed as a result of a special operation by the FSB).

Explosion of a residential building in Buinaksk

Buynaksk (Dagestan), September 4, 1999

The first major terrorist attack in a series of explosions in the fall of 1999 was the bombing of a house in the city of Buinaksk. It is in this city, located in close proximity from the center of the ethno-religious conflict - Chechnya, on September 4, 1999, a residential building was blown up where families of officers of the 138th motorized rifle brigade of the Russian Ministry of Defense lived.

The house was completely destroyed, and nearby buildings were partially damaged. The detonated explosive device was located in a GAZ-53 truck. As a result of the terrorist attack, 58 people were killed and 146 were injured of varying degrees of severity.

The perpetrators of the terrorist act took part in the invasion of Chechen gangs into the territory of Dagestan in August 1999. The investigation established that the terrorist Khattab, who was in Chechnya at that moment, was behind the crime. Later, the direct perpetrators of the terrorist attack were sentenced to various terms of imprisonment. In particular, Isa Zainutdinov and Alisultan Salekhov were sentenced to life imprisonment, Abdulkadyr Abdulkadyrov and Magomed Magomedov - to nine years in a maximum security colony, Zainutdin Zainutdinov and Makhach Abdusamedov - to three years in prison penal colony(both received an amnesty and were released in the courtroom).

March 18, 2002 before Supreme Court Ziyavutdin Ziyavutdinov, accused of organizing the explosion of a residential building in Buinaksk, appeared in Dagestan. On April 9, 2002, the Supreme Court of Dagestan sentenced Ziyavutdin Ziyavutdinov to 24 years in prison.

Explosion of a residential building on Guryanov Street

Moscow, September 8, 1999

A few days after the explosion in Buinaksk, on the night of September 8-9, 1999, a terrorist attack occurred in one of the residential areas of Moscow, on Guryanov Street.

As a result of a powerful explosion, two entrances of a nine-story residential building were completely destroyed. According to the Moscow City Health Committee, 380 people became victims of the new terrorist attack, of which 106 people died, 264 people received injuries of varying severity.

The terrorist acts were prepared by field commanders of illegal gangs of the self-proclaimed Chechen Republic Ichkeria. The perpetrators of the terrorist attack were trained in militant camps.

Subsequently, the perpetrators of the terrorist act were sentenced to various terms of imprisonment. Some of them were destroyed during the anti-terrorist operation in Dagestan and Chechnya.

The direct perpetrators of the terrorist act were Hakim Abayev, Ravil Akhmyarov, Muratbi Bayramukov, brothers Zaur and Timur Batchaev, Achimez Gochiyaev, Adam Dekkushev, Yusuf Krymshamkhalov, Ruslan Magayaev, Denis Saitakov, Muratbi Tuganbaev, Taikan Frantsuzov, as well as namesakes Aslan and Murat Bastanov.

Magayaev, Bayramukov, Tuganbaev, Frantsuzov and both Bastanovs were sentenced to imprisonment for terms of 9 to 15 years. Yusuf Krymshakhalov and Adam Dekkushev were sentenced to life imprisonment by the Moscow City Court. Achimez Gochiyaev, who directly supervised the execution of terrorist attacks in Moscow, is on the international wanted list.

Explosion of a residential building on Kashirskoye Highway

Moscow, September 13, 1999

A new terrorist attack involving militants from Chechen gangs occurred in the early morning of September 13, 1999 in Moscow, in one of the houses on Kashirskoye Highway.

As a result of the explosion, the house was completely destroyed, 124 residents of the house were killed and nine were injured. As in the case of terrorist acts that took place earlier, the initiators and perpetrators of the terrorist attack were Chechen fighters. As a result of inspections of residential buildings in Moscow, one of the perpetrators of the terrorist attack became known - Achimez Gochiyaev, who rented a place in the basement (using the documents of Mukhit Laypanov, who died six months before the attacks), where he stored explosives under the guise of sugar. Later, other accomplices in the crime were identified.

As it became known, a sabotage group of Chechen militants was involved in the bombings of houses in Moscow (on Guryanov Street and Kashirskoe Highway).

Magayaev, Bayramukov, Tuganbaev, Frantsuzov and both Bastanovs were sentenced to imprisonment for terms ranging from 9 to 15 years. Yusuf Krymshakhalov and Adam Dekkushev were sentenced to life imprisonment by the Moscow City Court. Achimez Gochiyaev, who directly supervised the execution of terrorist attacks in Moscow, is on the international wanted list. The result of two terrorist attacks carried out in residential buildings was an anti-Chechen campaign in Moscow aimed at identifying suspicious persons living without registration and possibly involved in the bombings of residential buildings in Moscow.

During mass inspections, a warehouse of explosives was discovered in the basement of one of the houses on Borisovsky Ponds and six electronic timers were found at once, five of which were programmed to specific dates- it was assumed that terrorist attacks were to be carried out in five more Moscow houses.

Terrorist attack in Volgodonsk

Volgodonsk (Rostov region), September 16, 1999

The last in a series of terrorist attacks in September 1999 was the explosion of a residential building in Volgodonsk ( Rostov region).

In the early morning of September 16, 1999, an explosive device went off in a GAZ-53 truck parked near a nine-story residential building.

As a result of the explosion, the facade of a residential building was damaged, and residential buildings and buildings located in the immediate vicinity, in particular, the regional police department, were also damaged. A total of 42 houses were damaged.

According to the conclusion of the explosives examination, the power of the explosive device in TNT equivalent was 800-1800 kg.

18 people died, 63 people were hospitalized. Total number the number of victims was 310 people.

As in the case of the above-mentioned events, Chechen militants who carried out bombings of houses in Moscow were involved in this terrorist attack.

Incident in Ryazan: Caucasian trace in Ryazan sugar

Ryazan, September 22, 1999

As it turned out during large-scale inspections in Moscow residential buildings, the perpetrators of the terrorist attacks stored explosives and electronic explosive devices near the site of the alleged terrorist attack, mainly in the basements of residential buildings. Similar checks were carried out in many other cities of Russia.

Among the main versions and officially published reasons for the terrorist attacks, there is also a conspiracy theory, which consists in the fact that the explosions of houses in Russian cities were the work of the FSB, and the organizers of the terrorist attacks were not at all those who appeared in the official reports.

Probably the basis for such an explanation of the causes of the terrorist attacks that occurred one after another in Russian cities, was the case in Ryazan, when on September 22, 1999, in one of the residential buildings, several people were seen placing bags with a certain white substance.

The accidental witness turned out to be Alexei Kartofelnikov, a regular bus driver who lives in this house. Kartofelnikov drew attention to the fact that the VAZ-2107 car parked next to the basement entrance had a digital region code of 62 (code Ryazan region) - on the license plate was written by hand on a glued piece of paper.

A police patrol, called to the address some time later, found three bags of 60 kg each in the basement, containing a substance similar to granulated sugar and wires sticking out. The find was immediately reported to the police department. The residents were hastily evacuated.

The task force of the engineering and technical department of the municipal police, which arrived at the site of the failed terrorist attack, found that in addition to sugar, the bags contained hexogen and explosive devices. The time of the explosion was set at 5.30 am.

Explosive technicians from the Ministry of Internal Affairs took a kilogram of explosives to their test site, where they tried to detonate it, but no explosion occurred. According to experts, when mixing explosives and sugar, the proportions were violated.

By official version, a residential building in Ryazan, was prepared for an explosion as part of an exercise organized by the FSB. As stated by the head of the FSB, Nikolai Patrushev, the exercises were planned in advance, and the bags contained ordinary sugar. According to Patrushev, the purpose of the exercise is to “increase the professionalism of security officers and police officers, as well as test the vigilance of the population.” .

It is noteworthy that other official explanations of what happened contained different facts, which fueled doubt and left room for the conspiracy version of what happened.

Thus, the released data from the Ministry of Emergency Situations indicated that three bags of sugar mixed with hexogen, as well as detonators, were found in a residential building. However, as was stated later, the reason for the discrepancy is in error technical means for detecting explosives. Neither the Ryazan FSB Directorate nor the local unit of the Ministry of Emergency Situations found high-quality equipment for identifying explosives. During the examination, police twice found traces of hexogen in a bag containing only sugar, Kommersant reported after the terrorist attacks. At the same time, it did not go unnoticed that Vladimir Putin stated on the day of the incident that there was actually a prevented terrorist attack, and not a successful exercise.

The facts, so uncertainly commented on in the press, caused a wave of comments about the failed explosion. Thus arose a different explanation from the official version of who carried out the failed “terrorist attack” in Ryazan, as well as those that had already taken place in Buinaksk, Moscow and Volgodonsk. The version that the FSB or other government officials were involved in the house explosions remains quite widespread. According to supporters of the “Chekist trace” hypothesis, the effect of the terrorist attacks was used by Russian Prime Minister Vladimir Putin to ensure his own popularity and recognition (in 1999, Putin was practically unknown to the mass audience), and to legitimize the anti-terrorist operation in the North Caucasus.

Notes

Terrorist attack at the Okhotny Ryad shopping center in Moscow on August 31, 1999. Help // RIA Novosti, 08/31/2009.
What terrorist attacks occurred in Moscow on August 31, 1999 and 2004? // Arguments and facts, 08/31/2014.
How they were sentenced for the terrorist attack in Buinaksk // Kommersant, 01/25/2006.
On the 3rd anniversary of the explosion of a residential building in Buinaksk // RIA Novosti, 09/04/2002
To the 3rd anniversary of the explosion of a residential building in Buinaksk // RIA Novosti, 09/04/2002.
Monday in Russia has been declared a day of mourning for those killed in Moscow and Buinaksk // Nezavisimaya Gazeta, 09/11/1999.
Only the innocent are quickly caught // Kommersant, 09/15/2001.
Explosion of a residential building on Kashirskoye Highway in September 1999. Help // RIA Novosti, 09/12/2011.
Radical Islamists supported the terrorist attacks in Moscow // Lenta.Ru, 09.14.1999.
Terrorist attack on Guryanov: 13 years as one day // Pravda.ru, 09/10/2012.
Explosion of a residential building on Kashirskoye Highway in September 1999. Help // RIA Novosti, 09.12.2011.
Explosion #10 // Kommersant, 08/15/2000.
Seven more houses were going to be blown up in Moscow // Kommersant, 09/18/1999.
Terrorist attack in Volgodonsk. Ten years later // Volga-Don, 09.16.2009.
Explosion of a residential building in Volgodonsk in 1999. Reference // RIA Novosti, 09/16/2009.
Explosion of a residential building in Volgodonsk in 1999. Reference // RIA Novosti, 09/16/2009
The terrorist attack in Volgodonsk is completely exposed // News.ru, 12/10/2002.
Response from the Prosecutor General’s Office to a deputy’s request about the explosions in Moscow // Lenta.ru, 05/14/2002.
Terrorists always paid in cash // Kommersant, 09.24.1999.
Kommersant, 09/24/1999.
Invasion of militants in Dagestan (1999) // Caucasian Knot, 08.21.2014.
Terrorists always paid in cash // Kommersant, 09.24.1999.
Nobody expected terrorist attacks. Especially from the FSB // Kommersant, 09.29.1999.
The territorial act was carried out by the leadership of the FSB in relation to civilians Ryazan.

Levanevskogo street, building 3
/ / 42.8255; 47.1137 (G) (I)Coordinates: 42°49′32″ n. w. 47°06′49″ E d. / 42.8255° N. w. 47.1137° E. d. / 42.8255; 47.1137 (G) (I)

Target of attack Method of attack Weapon Dead Wounded

Terrorist act in Buinaksk- an explosion near a residential building in Buinaksk (Dagestan), which occurred on September 4, 1999 at 21:45.

Investigation

The terrorist attack in Buinaksk was part of a series of terrorist attacks carried out in Russian cities from September 4-16, 1999. According to the investigation, this series of terrorist attacks was organized and financed by the leaders of the illegal armed group, Emir al-Khattab and Abu Umar. These terrorist attacks were aimed at mass casualties, with the aim of disrupting public safety, intimidating the population and influencing decision-making by authorities to eliminate the consequences of the militant attack on Dagestan in August 1999.

The following were involved in the explosion in Buinaksk and were sentenced by the Supreme Court of the Republic of Dagestan:

Most of the perpetrators of the attack were ethnic Avars.

Memory of the dead

Nikolai Silaev notes that after the explosion, “the local population staged real ‘Wahhabi pogroms’.”

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An excerpt characterizing the Terrorist Attack in Buinaksk (1999)

Another blacksmith was rushing through the door, leaning on the kisser with his chest.
The fellow with his sleeve rolled up hit the blacksmith in the face as he rushed through the door and shouted wildly:
- Guys! They're beating our people!
At this time, the first blacksmith rose from the ground and, scratching the blood on his broken face, shouted in a crying voice:
- Guard! Killed!.. Killed a man! Brothers!..
- Oh, fathers, they killed him to death, they killed a man! - the woman squealed as she came out of the neighboring gate. A crowd of people gathered around the bloody blacksmith.
“It’s not enough that you robbed people, took off their shirts,” said someone’s voice, turning to the kisser, “why did you kill a person?” Robber!
The tall fellow, standing on the porch, looked with dull eyes first at the kisser, then at the blacksmiths, as if wondering who he should fight with now.
- Murderer! – he suddenly shouted at the kisser. - Knit it, guys!
- Why, I tied up one such and such! - the kisser shouted, waving off the people who attacked him, and, tearing off his hat, he threw it on the ground. As if this action had some mysteriously threatening significance, the factory workers who surrounded the kisser stopped in indecision.
“Brother, I know the order very well.” I'll get to the private part. Do you think I won't make it? Nowadays no one is ordered to commit robbery! – the kisser shouted, raising his hat.
- And let's go, look! And let's go... look! - the kisser and the tall fellow repeated one after another, and both moved forward along the street together. The bloody blacksmith walked next to them. Factory workers and strangers followed them, talking and shouting.
At the corner of Maroseyka, opposite a large house with locked shutters, on which there was a sign of a shoemaker, stood with sad faces about twenty shoemakers, thin, exhausted people in dressing gowns and tattered tunics.
- He will treat the people properly! - said a thin craftsman with a scraggly beard and frowning eyebrows. - Well, he sucked our blood - and that’s it. He drove us and drove us - all week. And now he brought it to the last end, and left.
Seeing the people and the bloody man, the worker who had been speaking fell silent, and all the shoemakers, with hasty curiosity, joined the moving crowd.
- Where people are coming That?
- It is known where, he goes to the authorities.
- Well, did our power really not take over?
- And you thought how! Look what the people are saying.
Questions and answers were heard. The kisser, taking advantage of the increase in the crowd, fell behind the people and returned to his tavern.
The tall fellow, not noticing the disappearance of his enemy the kisser, waving his bare hand, did not stop talking, thereby turning it on himself general attention. The people mostly pressed on him, expecting from him to get a solution to all the questions that occupied them.
- Show him order, show him the law, that’s what the authorities are in charge of! Is that what I say, Orthodox? - said the tall fellow, smiling slightly.
– He thinks, and there are no authorities? Is it possible without bosses? Otherwise, you never know how to rob them.
- What nonsense to say! - responded in the crowd. - Well, then they’ll abandon Moscow! They told you to laugh, but you believed it. You never know how many of our troops are coming. So they let him in! That's what the authorities do. “Listen to what the people are saying,” they said, pointing to the tall fellow.
Near the wall of China City, another small group of people surrounded a man in a frieze overcoat holding a paper in his hands.
- The decree, the decree is being read! The decree is being read! - was heard in the crowd, and people rushed to the reader.
A man in a frieze overcoat was reading a poster dated August 31st. When the crowd surrounded him, he seemed embarrassed, but in response to the demand of the tall fellow who had pushed ahead of him, with a slight trembling in his voice, he began to read the poster from the beginning.
“Tomorrow I’m going early to the Most Serene Prince,” he read (the brightening one! - the tall fellow solemnly repeated, smiling with his mouth and frowning his eyebrows), “to talk with him, act and help the troops exterminate the villains; We too will become the spirit of them...” the reader continued and stopped (“Saw?” the little one shouted victoriously. “He will untie you all the distance...”) ... - eradicate and send these guests to hell; I’ll come back for lunch, and we’ll get down to business, we’ll do it, we’ll finish it, and we’ll get rid of the villains.”
The last words were read by the reader in complete silence. The tall fellow sadly lowered his head. It was obvious that no one understood these last words. In particular, the words: “I will come tomorrow for lunch,” apparently even upset both the reader and the listeners. The understanding of the people was in a high mood, and this was too simple and unnecessary understandable; this was the very thing that each of them could say and that therefore a decree emanating from a higher power could not speak.