3rd Ukrainian Front First formation formed in the south westward October 20, 1943 based on the order of the Supreme Command Headquarters dated October 16, 1943 by renaming Southwestern Front. Included the 1st and 8th Guards, 6th, 12th, 46th and 17th Air Armies. Subsequently, it included the 5th Shock, 4th and 9th Guards, 26th, 27th, 28th, 37th, 57th, 6th Guards Tank Armies, 1st, 2nd and 4th Bulgarian Armies. The Danube Military Flotilla was operationally subordinate to the front.
In October-November 1943, troops of the 3rd Ukrainian Front, during the Battle of the Dnieper, liberated the cities of Dnepropetrovsk and Dneprodzerzhinsk and advanced 50-60 km west of the Dnieper. Subsequently, operating in the Krivoy Rog direction, the forces of the 6th Army captured a bridgehead south of Zaporozhye, and by the end of December, together with the 2nd Ukrainian Front, they held a large strategic bridgehead on the Dnieper.
Upon release Right Bank Ukraine troops of the 3rd Ukrainian Front, in cooperation with the 4th Ukrainian Front, having carried out the Nikopol-Krivoy Rog operation of 1944, reached the river. Ingulets, from where the offensive was launched in the Nikolaev-Odessa direction in March-April. Having carried out sequentially Bereznegovato-Snigirevskaya and Odessa operation, they are assisted Black Sea Fleet completed the liberation of southern Ukraine, liberated a significant part of the Moldavian SSR and advanced to the Dniester, capturing bridgeheads on its right bank, including the Kitskan bridgehead.
In August 1944, the 3rd Ukrainian Front participated in the Iasi-Kishinev strategic operation, as a result of which the entire Moldavian SSR was liberated, and Romania declared war on Germany.
On September 8, front troops entered Bulgarian territory and liberated it by the end of the month. September 28 - October 20, 1944 3rd Ukrainian Front in cooperation with the People's Liberation Army of Yugoslavia with the participation of troops Fatherland Front Bulgaria implemented the Belgrade strategic operation, as a result of which the Yugoslav capital Belgrade and most of Serbia.
In October 1944 - February 1945, the 3rd Ukrainian Front part of its forces participated in the Budapest strategic operation. His troops crossed the Danube and captured a bridgehead on its right bank. In January 1945, they repelled the counterattacks of the enemy, who was trying to relieve the group encircled in Budapest, and in March, during the Balaton operation, they thwarted the counteroffensive of German troops in the area of Lake Balaton. The successful completion of this operation made it possible, without an operational pause, to begin the Vienna Strategic Operation on March 16, in cooperation with the left wing of the 2nd Ukrainian Front, to complete the liberation of Hungary, expel the enemy from the eastern part of Austria and liberate its capital Vienna.
On June 15, 1945, on the basis of the directive of the Supreme Command Headquarters of May 29, 1945, the front was disbanded, the field administration of the front was reorganized into the department Southern group troops.
Commanders: Army General R. Ya. Malinovsky (October 1943 - May 1944); General of the Army, since September 1944 Marshal Soviet Union Tolbukhin F.I. (May 1944 - until the end of the war). Member of the Military Council, Lieutenant General, since September 1944, Colonel General A. S. Zheltov (entire period).
Chiefs of Staff: Lieutenant General F. K. Korzhenevich (October 1943 - May 1944); Lieutenant General, from May 1944 Colonel General Biryuzov S.S. (May-October 1944); Lieutenant General, from April 1945 Colonel General Ivanov S.P. (October 1944 - until the end of the war).
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| Belorussian | Bryansk | Volkhovsky | Voronezh | Donskoy | West | Caucasian | Kalininsky | Karelian | Crimean | Kursk | Mozhaisk line of defense | | Moscow reserve | Orlovsky | Baltic | 3rd Baltic | Spare | Reserve armies | Northern | Northwestern | North Caucasian | Stalingrad | Stepnoy | Central | Southeastern | |
It was formed in the southwestern direction of the Soviet-German front on October 20, 1943 based on the order of the Supreme Command Headquarters No. 30227 of October 16, 1943 by renaming the Southwestern Front. It included the 1st and 8th Guards, 6th, 12th, 46th armies and the 17th air army. Subsequently, it included the 5th Shock, 4th and 9th Guards, 26th, 27th, 28th, 37th and 57th Armies, 6th Guards. tank army, 1st, 2nd and 4th Bulgarian armies. The Danube Military Flotilla was operationally subordinate to the front.
In October - November 1943, during the Battle of the Dnieper, front troops liberated the cities of Dnepropetrovsk and Dneprodzerzhinsk on October 25, and advanced 50 - 60 km west of the Dnieper. Subsequently, operating in the Krivoy Rog direction, with the forces of the 6th Army they captured a bridgehead south of Zaporozhye, and by the end of December, together with the 2nd Ukrainian Front, they held a large strategic bridgehead on the Dnieper.
During the liberation of Right Bank Ukraine, front troops, in cooperation with troops of the 4th Ukrainian Front, carried out the Nikopol-Krivoy Rog operation (January 30 - February 29, 1944), reached the Ingulets River, from where in March - April they launched an offensive in the Nikolaev-Odessa direction. Having successively carried out the Bereznegovato-Snigirevskaya (March 6 - 18) and Odessa operations (March 26 - April 14), they, with the assistance of the forces of the Black Sea Fleet, completed the liberation of the south of Ukraine, liberated a significant part of the territory of the Moldavian SSR and advanced to the Dniester. On its right bank, bridgeheads were captured, including the Kopansky one, which then played important role in carrying out the Iasi-Kishinev operation.
In August 1944, front troops participated in the Iasi-Kishinev strategic operation (August 20 - 29), as a result of which the entire Moldavian SSR was liberated, and Romania emerged from the war on the side fascist Germany and declared war on her.
September 28 - October 20, 1944 The 3rd Ukrainian Front, in cooperation with the People's Liberation Army of Yugoslavia with the participation of troops of the Bulgarian Fatherland Front, carried out the Belgrade strategic operation, as a result of which the capital of Yugoslavia Belgrade (October 20) and most of Serbia were liberated.
In October 1944 - February 1945, part of the front forces participated in the Budapest strategic operation (October 29, 1944 - February 13, 1945). Its troops crossed the Danube and captured a bridgehead on its right bank.
In January 1945, they repelled counterattacks of the enemy, who was trying to relieve a group of their troops encircled in Budapest, and in March, during the Balaton operation (March 6 - 15), they thwarted the counteroffensive of German troops in the area of Lake Balaton. The successful completion of this operation made it possible, without an operational pause, to begin on March 16, in cooperation with the armies of the left wing of the 2nd Ukrainian Front, the Vienna Strategic Operation (March 16 - April 15), complete the liberation of Hungary, expel the enemy from the eastern part of Austria and liberate its capital Vienna (13 April).
3rd Ukrainian Front
Tolbukhin F.I. – front commander, Marshal of the Soviet Union.
Shlemin I.T. – commander of the 46th Army (until 01/16/45), lieutenant general.
Filippovsky M.S. – Commander of the 46th Army (from 01/16/45), Major General.
Zakharov G.F. – commander of the 4th guards army, army General.
Sharokhin M.N. – Commander of the 57th Army, Lieutenant General.
Skvirsky L.S. – commander of the 26th Army (until 01/27/45), lieutenant general.
Gagen N.A. - commander of the 26th Army (with
01/30/45), Lieutenant General.
Sudets V. A. – commander of the 17th air army, Colonel General of Aviation.
From the book Berlin '45: Battles in the Lair of the Beast. Parts 4-5 author Isaev Alexey Valerievich1st Ukrainian Front The wooded areas near the Neisse favored the secret accumulation of troops for the offensive. But, like any major operation, the impending offensive of the 1st Ukrainian Front could not be completely kept secret. One of the sources of information
From the book Defeat 1945. Battle for Germany author Isaev Alexey Valerievich1st Ukrainian Front The beginning of February was a time of hope for both G.K. Zhukov and K.K. Rokossovsky, and for I.S. Koneva. The commanders of the three fronts understood perfectly well that stopping the offensive meant for the enemy a long-awaited pause to stabilize the front and
From the book Encyclopedia of Misconceptions. War author Temirov Yuri TeshabayevichUkrainian nationalism and Nazism in World War II Perhaps the most acute controversial issue history of the Second World War (at least for historians of the former Soviet Union, primarily Ukrainian and Baltic) remains the role that they played in it
From the book Equipment and Weapons 2007 02 author Magazine "Equipment and Weapons" From the book Elements of Defense: Notes on Russian Weapons author Konovalov Ivan PavlovichUkrainian version Kharkovskoe design department mechanical engineering (KhKBM) at one time entered the market with its own modifications of the BTR-80 - BTR-94 and BTR-3 of the old “Soviet” layout, which predetermined their very limited demand. In 2006, KMDB introduced
From the book “Cauldrons” of 1945 author Runov Valentin Alexandrovich2nd Ukrainian Front Malinovsky R. Ya. - front commander, Marshal of the Soviet Union. Zhmachenko F. F. - commander of the 40th Army, Lieutenant General. Trofimenko S. G. - commander of the 27th Army, Lieutenant General. Managarov I.M. - Commander of the 53rd Army, Lieutenant General. Shumilov
From the book War in the Caucasus. Fracture. Memoirs of the commander of an artillery division of mountain rangers. 1942–1943 author Ernsthausen Adolf von3rd Ukrainian Front Tolbukhin F.I. – front commander, Marshal of the Soviet Union. Shlemin I.T. – commander of the 46th Army (until 01/16/45), lieutenant general. Filippovsky M.S. – commander of the 46th Army (from 01/16/45), Major General. Zakharov G.F. - Commander of the 4th Guards Army, General
From the book by Stepan Bandera. “Icon” of Ukrainian nationalism author Smyslov Oleg Sergeevich1st Ukrainian Front I. S. Konev - front commander, Marshal of the Soviet Union. V. N. Gordov - commander of the 3rd Guards Army, Colonel General. A. A. Luchinsky - commander of the 28th Army, Lieutenant General Pukhov N.P. - Commander of the 13th Army, Colonel General. Zhadov A.
From the book Nuremberg: Balkan and Ukrainian genocide. Slavic world in the fire of expansion author Maksimov Anatoly Borisovich“Ukrainian asphalt” Our frontline passed along the high southwestern bank of the river Seversky Donets, while the Russians occupied significantly less advantageous positions in the low-lying and flat areas on the other side of the river. Only in the area of the city of Izium, where
From the book Intelligence by Sudoplatov. Behind-the-front sabotage work of the NKVD-NKGB in 1941-1945. author Kolpakidi Alexander IvanovichChapter 16. STEPAN BANDERA AND UKRAINIAN NATIONALISM V. Abramov and V. Kharchenko say: “The memory of Stepan Bandera lives in Ukraine in the most different forms. In Ternopolytsin they organized a “Bandera camp”, where young people lived in caches (dugouts) and sang songs about
From the book War through the eyes of a front-line soldier. Events and evaluation author Liberman Ilya Alexandrovich From the book Bridge of Spies. Real story James Donovan author Sever AlexanderChapter 6. The Ukrainian crisis is a prologue to a world war. Nobody today can claim that freedom and democracy have been established in the world completely and irrevocably. We have to fight for this. Alexander Zvyagintsev, historian, writer, “Nuremberg Alarm.” 2010 The United States does not see Russia
From the book Crimean Gambit. Tragedy and glory of the Black Sea Fleet author Greig Olga IvanovnaD. V. Vedeneev “Fifth Ukrainian Front”: behind-the-front reconnaissance and sabotage activities of the 4th Directorate of the NKVD-NKGB of the Ukrainian SSR Introduction Reconnaissance, sabotage and operational-combat activities behind the front line (“behind-front activities”) from the first
From the author's bookChapter 9. DETAILS ABOUT THE ADVANCES OF THE 7TH MECHANICAL CORPS (STEPPE AND 2ND UKRAINIAN FRONT) 9.1. Battles of the troops of the Steppe Front on August 3–23, 1943 near Poltava A month later, when on July 5, 1943 the Germans began their summer offensive from the Orel and Belgorod areas, counter-offensive
From the author's bookUkrainian nationalist Valentin Moroz had his own conflict with the Soviet regime. He was one of the most radical figures of the Ukrainian national movement. He was first arrested in September 1965 and convicted under Article 62 of the Criminal Code of the Ukrainian SSR (anti-Soviet
From the author's bookOne of the reasons for the collapse of the Black Sea Fleet is its division into two fleets: Russian and Ukrainian. What fate awaits the Russian fleet in the 21st century? Has the attitude towards the fleet changed in Lately? Maybe they finally looked at Russian fleet without jingoism? Tragic moments voiced
Ukrainian Front is the name of operational strategic formations of armed forces. Ukrainian Front (First World War) (December 1917 March 1918) operational strategic association of the armed forces of the Ukrainian People's Republic.… … Wikipedia
Ukrainian Front is the name of several fronts of the Red Army during the Great Patriotic War. 1st Ukrainian Front 2nd Ukrainian Front 3rd Ukrainian Front 4th Ukrainian Front ... Wikipedia
This term has other meanings, see Ukrainian Front. Ukrainian Front Ukr.F Emblem of the Revolutionary Military Forces of the RSFSR, 1918. Years of existence January 4, 1919 June 15, 1919 ... Wikipedia
See also: Ukrainian Front (meanings) Ukrainian Front 1939 Emblem of the Armed Forces Years of existence 1939 Country USSR Entry ... Wikipedia
Ukrainian Front 4th- UKRAINIAN FRONT 4th, created. Oct 20 1943 (as a result of the renaming of the Southern French) consisting of the 2nd and 3rd Guards, 5th Shock, 28th, 44th, 51st Combined Arms A and 8th VA. In the future in different time included Primorskaya A and 4th VA. In con. Oct. … Great Patriotic War 1941-1945: encyclopedia
See also: Ukrainian Front (meanings) 2nd Ukrainian Front 2Ukr.F Emblem of the Armed Forces Years of existence October 20, 1943 June 10, 1945 Country ... Wikipedia
See also: Ukrainian Front (meanings) 4th Ukrainian Front 4Ukr.F Emblem of the Armed Forces Years of existence October 20, 1943 May 31, 1944, August 6, 1944 ... Wikipedia
See also: Ukrainian Front (meanings) 1st Ukrainian Front 1Ukr.F Emblem of the Armed Forces Years of existence October 20, 1943 June 10, 1945 ... Wikipedia
See also: Ukrainian Front (meanings) 4th Ukrainian Front operational strategic association Soviet troops in the Great Patriotic War. Formed in the southwestern direction on October 20, 1943 based on the order of the Supreme High Command Headquarters dated 16... ... Wikipedia
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Books
- War 2010. Ukrainian Front, Fedor Berezin. “There is a cloudless sky over all of Ukraine...” And NATO aviation rules this sky with impunity. And the world “liberal” press remains silent about the invasion that has begun. And there are no orders for...
- War 2010: Ukrainian Front, Fedor Berezin. “There is a cloudless sky over all of Ukraine...” And NATO aviation rules this sky with impunity. And the world “liberal” press remains silent about the invasion that has begun. And there are no orders for... eBook
In 1943, the Great Patriotic War was still in full swing. It has already become clear that the plans Nazi troops the conquest of the USSR through "blitzkrieg" failed, but Germany was still quite strong. Such a well-trained army could only be defeated with the help of superiority in manpower and equipment, subject to absolute order and coordination of actions large groups military units. One of these formations was the 3rd Ukrainian Front, the composition of which changed from time to time.
History of the creation of the 3rd Ukrainian Front
New combat unit was created a few days after the formation of the 2nd Ukrainian Front - October 20, 1943. The decision to create a front was made by Stalin's Red Army Headquarters. In fact, the 3rd Ukrainian Front, whose military path was dotted with many successful battles, was not a new unit of the Red Army in its composition, because it included armies and corps that fought as part of the Southwestern Front.
This renaming primarily had an ideological component. Why? At that time, the Red Army had practically liberated the regions of the RSFSR that were under the control of the Nazis and entered the territory of Ukraine. Many will say: so what? But here’s the rub! We liberate Ukraine, the breadbasket of Europe, which means the fronts will be Ukrainian!
3 Ukrainian Front: composition
On different stages the front troops included different structural units. In October 1943, that is, immediately after its creation, the front consisted of the following units: guards (1st and 8th armies), air force(6th, 12th, 46th, 17th armies). In 1944, the front received reinforcements. The direction of units that strengthened the combat power and strength of the front depended on specific tasks our troops at a specific stage of hostilities. So, over the course of its existence, the front included: one shock, two guards, five tank armies, some Bulgarian armies. In some operations ground forces support from the sea was needed, so the front forces included Danube flotilla. It was precisely this combination of diverse combat units that often gave the desired result.
Command of the 3rd Ukrainian Front
During the existence of the 3rd Ukrainian Front, it was led by 2 military leaders: Malinovsky Rodion Yakovlevich and Tolbukhin Fedor Ivanovich. stood at the head of the front immediately after its founding - October 20, 1943. Malinovsky's military career began with junior command school, after which he became the commander of a platoon of machine gunners. Gradually climbing up career ladder, Malinovsky finishes in 1930 Military Academy. After the academy, he worked as chief of staff and then was a staff officer in the North Caucasus and Belarusian military districts. Participated in the Spanish Civil War. During the Second World War, our army, under the leadership of Army General Malinovsky, won many great victories.
The change in front leadership was not associated with Malinovsky’s unprofessional approach to leading troops. Living conditions just demanded it; it was the Great Patriotic War. Front commanders changed quite often. From May 15, 1944 to June 15, 1945 (the date of disbandment of the front), the group of troops was led by Marshal of the Soviet Union Tolbukhin. His military biography before being appointed to this high position is also interesting. Tolbukhin has been in the Red Army since 1918 and took part in the Civil War. All the time he was a staff officer on the Northern and Western Front, because immediately after joining the Red Army he graduated from junior high school command staff. After finishing Civil War Tolbukhin Fedor Ivanovich led the troops of the Novgorod province, was the chief of staff of the 56th and 72nd rifle divisions, 1st and 19th rifle corps etc. Since 1938 (another promotion) he became chief of staff of the Transcaucasian Military District. It was in this position that the war found him.
Operations of the Red Army in the Dnieper region
The Battle of the Dnieper is a complex of events that took place in the second half of 1943. After the defeat, Hitler, of course, did not lose his chances of victory, but his position weakened significantly. On August 11, 1943, by order of the command, the Germans began to build defensive areas along the entire Dnieper line. That is, the 3rd Ukrainian Front, whose military path we are studying, gradually advanced along with other Soviet armies.
From August 13 to September 22, 1943, the Donbass offensive operation took place. This was the beginning of the battle for the Dnieper. Conquering Donbass from the Nazis was strategically important for our army and country, because Donbass coal was needed to further supply the front with weapons. Everyone also knew very well what the Nazis used during the occupation.
Poltava-Chernigov operation
In parallel with the offensive in the Donbass, on August 26, the Red Army began an offensive towards Poltava and Chernigov. Of course, all these offensives of our troops were not sparkling and instant, but they proceeded systematically and gradually. The Nazis no longer had the strength to nip the offensive impulses of the Soviet troops in the bud.
Realizing that the only opportunity they would have to stop the advance of the Soviet troops was when the Germans began to retreat on September 15, 1943. They wanted the 3rd Ukrainian Front, whose combat path was successfully continuing, together with other troops, to be unable to capture the Black Sea ports, cross the Dnieper and reach the Crimea. Along the Dnieper, the Nazis concentrated enormous forces and built serious defensive structures.
Successes of the first stage of the Battle of the Dnieper
In August and September, Soviet troops liberated many cities and territories. So, at the end of September, Donbass was completely liberated. Also under Soviet power such cities as Glukhov, Konotop, Sevsk, Poltava, Kremenchug, many villages and more returned small towns. In addition, in many places (in the area of Kremenchug, Dneprodzerzhinsk, Verkhnedneprovsk, Dnepropetrovsk) it was possible to cross the Dnieper and create bridgeheads on the left bank. At this stage, it was possible to create a good springboard for further success.
Advancement of troops at the end of 1943
From October to December 1943, in the historiography of the war, the second period of the Battle of the Dnieper is distinguished. The 3rd Ukrainian Front also took part in these battles. The battle path of our troops was still difficult, because the Germans were able to build a strong Eastern rampart" along the Dnieper. The first task of our troops was to eliminate as much as possible all the bridgehead fortifications built by the Nazis.
The command understood that the offensive could not be stopped. And the troops were advancing! 3 The Ukrainian Front (the combat path intersected with the offensive lines of other fronts) carried out the Lower Dnieper offensive operation. It was very difficult for the enemy to defend himself, because at the same time the formation of forces for an attack on Kyiv from the Bukrinsky bridgehead began. Large enemy forces were diverted because this city was the most important for the enemy on this line and the second most important after Moscow. Until December 20, 1943, our troops managed to liberate the most important cities of Dnepropetrovsk and Zaporozhye, as well as capture huge bridgeheads on the right bank of the Dnieper. They also managed to block the retreat of German troops from Crimea. The Battle of the Dnieper ended in complete victory for the Soviet troops.
The troops of the 3rd Ukrainian Front in this operation showed themselves to be the most in the best possible way. Of course, the losses of the Soviet troops were large, but in such heavy battles it was impossible to do without losses. And the level of development of medicine was not yet the same as it is now...
Soviet troops continued to liberate Ukraine in 1944. In the second half of 1944, our troops launched an offensive against Moldova and Romania. These legendary attacks went down in the history of the war as the Iasi-Kishinev operation.
There were very significant forces standing against the Soviet troops. German forces, about 900,000 soldiers and officers. It was necessary to advance decisively against such forces in order to ensure the effect of surprise. The offensive began on August 20, 1944. Already before the morning of August 24, the Red Army broke through the front and, in total, advanced 140 kilometers inland in 4 days. The troops of the 2nd and 3rd Ukrainian Fronts reached the border with Romania by August 29, having encircled and destroyed German troops in the Prut area. The successful advance of troops of the 3rd Ukrainian Front led to a revolution in Romania. The government changed, the country declared war on Germany.
Several volunteer divisions were formed, the first of which became part of the 3rd Ukrainian Front. The offensive of the joint Soviet-Romanian troops continued. On August 31, troops occupied Bucharest.
Offensive on Romania
The Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945 provided Soviet soldiers excellent combat experience. During the battles, the skills of countering the enemy and conducting offensive operations. Therefore, in 1944, when fascist army was no longer as strong as in 1941, there was no longer any possibility of stopping the Red Army.
After the liberation of Romania, the military command understood that it was necessary to move towards Balkan countries and Bulgaria, because large Wehrmacht forces were still concentrated there. The liberation of Romania ended in October 1944. The last Romanian city liberated during this march was Satu Mare. Next, the USSR troops headed to the territory of Hungary, where they also successfully dealt with the enemy over time.
The Iasi-Kishinev operation became one of the most successful during the war, because significant territories were liberated and Hitler lost another ally.
Conclusion
During the war, troops from 4 fronts fought on the territory of Ukraine. Each of them in the history of the Ukrainian sector of the war in the period from 1941 to 1944 left a significant mark on the liberation of Ukraine from Nazi invaders. The role of each front, each unit in the victory over the mortal enemy is probably not yet fully appreciated by historians and the people in general. But it is worth noting that the 3rd Ukrainian Front, whose combat career ended in June 1945, made a significant contribution to the victory, because the front’s troops liberated important industrial areas Ukrainian SSR.
The Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945 is an example greatest feat multinational Soviet people.