Russian language
5th grade (part 1)
§ 45. Punctuation analysis of a simple sentence
The order of punctuation analysis
- Simple sentence completion marks.
- Separating signs in a simple sentence: between the subject and the predicate, a dash (if any); between homogeneous members there are commas (if any); before homogeneous members after the generalizing word, a colon (if any).
- Signs of excretion during handling (if any).
Sample punctuation analysis
Along the mossy, muddy banks there were black huts here and there. (A. Pushkin)
Oral analysis
At the end of the sentence there is a completion sign - a period, since the sentence is narrative, non-exclamatory.
A comma is placed between the definitions mossy and muddy, since they are homogeneous and the connection between them is non-union. Between homogeneous circumstances there is no comma here and there, since they are connected by a non-repeating conjunction and.
Written analysis
230 . Perform oral punctuation analysis proposals.
- The autumn wind rises in the forests,
It moves noisily through the thicket,
Dead leaves are torn off and having fun
Carries in a mad dance. - Winter blizzards are the forerunners of spring.
231 . Fill in the missing punctuation marks. Perform oral punctuation analysis of sentences.
1. Bird voices rang everywhere in the field, in the forest, in the grove. 2. Something appeared from behind the clouds, but soon disappeared.. 3. Wasps and bumblebees take refuge in dry shelters. 4. How handsome autumn forest. 5. Guys, have you ever seen the centuries-old mighty ship pine trees?
Found in the analyzed. Traditionally, they are grouped as emphasizing and separating signs. The first group of signs (emphasizing) serves to indicate the boundaries of a syntactic structure introduced into a sentence to explain its members. It can also be used for semantic highlighting any part of a syntactic unit and to limit constructions that are grammatically unrelated to other members (for example, addresses, introductory words). This group includes paired signs: two commas, brackets, quotation marks, two dashes. The second group of signs serves to distinguish independent sentences, or simple sentences as part of a complex sentence, or members. Suggestion marks also belong to this group. Period, interrogative and Exclamation point and, colon, dash, ellipsis and dot c form a group of separating characters.
Begin your punctuation by explaining your punctuation choices in . To do this, determine what the sentence is based on the purpose of the statement. If it contains , then it is declarative sentence, a question is interrogative, a call to action (a request or an order) is motivating. Also, consider emotional character offers. If there is an exclamatory intonation, an exclamation mark is placed at the end; if a break in speech or understatement is indicated, an ellipsis is used.
Determine which syntactic construction analyzed, simple or complex. In a complex sentence, “count” the number of parts and determine the type of connection between them: subordinating, coordinating or non-union. Thus explain the choice of secession signs.
Determine what type of signs occur within a simple sentence or each syntactic unit within a complex sentence. To do this, find out what structures are used by the author to convey additional semantic shades. Thus, explain the choice of highlighting characters (for detached members sentences) and separating ones (for example, for series of homogeneous members).
Do a punctuation analysis of the sentence using the example.
I looked and couldn’t tear myself away; these silent lightnings, these restrained brilliances seemed to respond to those silent and secret impulses that also flared up in me. (I.S. Turgenev).
There is a period at the end of the sentence, because... this sentence contains a complete message and is declarative in terms of the purpose of the statement, and non-exclamatory in terms of intonation.
This is a complex sentence made up of three simple ones. Between the first and second there is a non-union connection, between the second and third there is a subordinating connection. Semicolon at non-union communications is placed because the second and third sentences represent a single semantic whole. A comma is used to separate a subordinate clause definitive sentence from the main one.
Inside the second sentence there is a separating sign - a comma, which is used when listing homogeneous subjects. There is also a construction that is grammatically unrelated to other parts of the sentence - introductory word, distinguished by paired characters - two commas.
Modern schoolchildren, according to educational program, study several types of analysis: phonetic, lexical, morphological, morphemic, syntactic and punctuation analysis of sentences. Each of them has its own distinctive features and difficult to understand moments.
Definition
Many students and their parents wonder what punctuation analysis of a sentence means. It is designed to find and clarify punctuation marks in a sentence. The ability to perform punctuation analysis of a sentence can improve general level student literacy. Analysis of simple (PP) and complex (SP) sentences has its own distinctive features.
Analysis simple sentence
- Read the text provided for analysis.
- Assign to everyone present in the text punctuation marks number.
- Indicate the punctogram that completes the sentence and explain the reason for its placement.
- Identify and explain all the signs found in the sentence.
It is according to this plan that punctuation analysis of the sentence is carried out. A sample parsing is presented below.
Analysis examples
Let’s take the punctuation analysis of a sentence as an example:
1. I can trust this secret to a person who knows how to keep his mouth shut.
2.Haven't you seen people running down the street holding flags, posters, Balloons?
Step one. The sentence is interrogative in terms of the purpose of the statement and intonation. That's why it ends with a question mark.
Step two. By assigning a number to punctuation marks, we determine their number in a sentence:
Haven't you seen people running down the street (1), holding flags (2), posters (3), balloons (4)?
Step three. The offer has one grammatical basis you did not see.
The comma at number one highlights participial. Commas number two and three separate homogeneous members offers flags, posters, balloons, expressed by additions.
Analysis of a complex sentence
Punctuation analysis of a sentence of this kind is somewhat more complicated.
1. Read the sentence.
2. Assign a serial number to all punctuation marks in the sentence.
3. Indicate the paragraph ending the sentence and explain its placement.
4. Indicate punctuation marks at the SP level and explain the reason for their placement.
5. Explain the arrangement punctuation marks in parts of the joint venture.
Analysis examples
As an example, we suggest conducting a punctuation analysis of the sentence:
1.We will probably not see Sergei again, since the insult inflicted on him is unlikely to be easily forgotten.
Step one. There is a period at the end of the sentence, because the purpose of the statement is narrative, and the intonation is non-exclamatory.
Step two. The numbering showed the presence of five punctuation marks in the sentence:
Probably (1), we will not see Sergei again (2), since the insult (3) inflicted on him (4) is unlikely to be easily forgotten (5).
Step three. This offer is complex. Parts complex sentence connected subordinating conjunction because the. A comma stands at the border between the main and subordinate clauses.
Step four. In the main sentence, a comma is used to highlight the introductory word. probably. In the subordinate clause, commas separate the participial phrase inflicted on him.
2. I am sure that you will carry out this assignment because you value my location and want to advance in your career.
Step one. The sentence ends with a period because it is declarative, non-exclamatory.
Step two. There are four punctuation marks in the sentence:
I am sure (1) that you will carry out this assignment (2), because you value my location (3), you want to advance in your career (4).
Step three. This sentence consists of one main clause and two subordinate clauses, which are separated from each other by commas numbered one and two.
Step four. In the main part and first subordinate clause There are no punctuation marks. In the second subordinate clause, a comma at number three separates homogeneous predicates you appreciate And you want to advance.
If the student knows what punctuation analysis of a sentence means, he will not make gross mistakes in the placement of punctuation marks. Thus, he will significantly improve his academic performance and increase the chances of getting a decent grade during the course. final exams. This is important, because how well a student passes them determines his future admission to a university. And even such a small thing as the wrong punctuation mark can deprive him of much-needed points.
Everyone has their own reasons for learning English. Some people want to watch films, understand the words of songs in this language, but for others it is necessary to expand their professional opportunities in a career. English is an international language, so knowing it is a must. Where to start? The best place to start is with grammar. You need to know how to construct sentences correctly, where to start a conversation with your interlocutor. The new application “Learn English - English Grammar” is suitable for this.
The program contains 21 lessons, after which you will know English grammar perfectly. Each topic has clear explanation, after which you will go through a sufficient number of exercises to consolidate. More than 400 exercises and 10 types of tasks for complete memorization of the material. If you make a mistake, the application will correct you and also explain why it is correct. Between exercises, the simulator will introduce you to all the intricacies of each topic.
The application contains music, films and books for complete immersion in the language environment. In addition, you will be familiar with the table irregular verbs with pronunciation.
After completing all the lessons, you can take an additional test package with increased level difficulties.
The application fully supports iPad, as well as iPhone of all generations. You can contact the developer for help using a special form.