What are series of homogeneous members? You will find the answer to this question in this article. In addition, we will tell you what types such sentence members are divided into, as well as how they should be separated.
general information
Series of homogeneous members are those members of a sentence that are associated with the same word form and also perform the same syntactic function. As a rule, such words are pronounced with the intonation of enumeration. Moreover, in a sentence they are arranged contactally (that is, one after the other), and also quite often allow any rearrangement. Although it is not always possible. After all, the first in such a series is usually called that which is primary from a chronological or logical point of view, or the most important for the speaker.
Main features
The series of homogeneous members of a sentence are characterized by the following features:
Homogeneous members: examples in a sentence
To make it more clear to you what such members represent, we will give a clear example: “Below, the sea surf roared widely and rhythmically.” In this passage there are 2 circumstances (broad and measured). They have (with the help of the conjunction “and”), and also depend on the main member of the sentence (predicate) - made noise (that is, made noise “how?” widely and measuredly).
What do they serve as?
Homogeneous members appear in a sentence both as main and secondary members. Here are some examples:
- “Vegetable gardens, meadows, groves and fields stretched along both banks.” Such a series of homogeneous members acts as the subject.
- “The lanterns are now dim, now bright.” This
- “Everyone began vying with each other to praise Anton’s intelligence, courage, and generosity.” These are homogeneous additions.
- “The dog whined, lay down, stretched out its front paws and put its muzzle on them.” These are homogeneous predicates.
- “The wind was hitting the sides of the boat more and more sharply, more persistently and forcefully.” These are similar circumstances.
Types of homogeneous members
The series of homogeneous members, examples of which are presented in this article, in a sentence can be both common and non-common. That is, such expressions can have any explanatory words with them. Here's an example:
What part of speech can they act as?
A number of homogeneous members in a sentence can be expressed by one part of speech. Although this rule is not always mandatory for him. After all, one and the same member often appears in the form of different parts of speech. This is due to the fact that they can have completely different morphological expressions. Let's give an example: "The horse moved slowly (in the form of an adverb), with dignity (in the form of a noun with a preposition), stamping its hooves (in the form of an adverbial phrase)."
One-dimensionality
All homogeneous members used in a sentence must denote one-dimensional phenomena in some respect. If you break this rule, the text will be perceived as an anomaly. Although this method is often deliberately used by some authors for stylistic purposes. Here are a few examples of proposals:
- “Only Misha, winter and heating did not sleep.”
- “When mother and frost allowed me to stick my nose out of the house, Masha went to wander around the yard alone.”
Construction method
Homogeneous members are often arranged in a sentence in a row that represents unity in meaning and structure. Let's give an example: “Cucumbers, tomatoes, beets, potatoes, etc. grew in the garden.”
It should also be noted that one sentence may contain more than one row of homogeneous members. Let's look at an illustrative example: “The frost on the street grew stronger and stung my face, ears, nose, and hands.” In this sentence, “fastened and pinched” is one row, and “face, ears, nose, hands” is the second row.
"Exceptions" to the rules
Not all enumerations in a given text are homogeneous. Indeed, in some cases such combinations act as a single member of the sentence. To deal with such exceptions, let's present a few illustrative examples:
Homogeneous and heterogeneous definitions
If the members of a sentence act as a definition, then they can be either heterogeneous or homogeneous.
Homogeneous members of a sentence are expressions that relate to a defined word. That is, they are connected to each other by a coordinating connection. In addition, they are pronounced with the intonation of enumeration.
Homogeneous definitions in a given sentence can characterize a phenomenon or an object from the same side (for example, by properties, material, color, etc.). In this case, commas should be placed between them. Let's give a clear example: “Violent, mighty, deafening rain poured onto the city.”
As for heterogeneous definitions, they characterize an object from completely different sides. In such situations there is no coordinating connection between the words. That is why they are pronounced without the intonation of enumeration. It should also be noted that commas are not placed between heterogeneous definitions. Let's give an example: “There were tall, dense pine trees in a large clearing.”
Summarizing words
Homogeneous members may have generalizing words that occupy the following positions:
- Before or after homogeneous members. Let's give an example: “Everything in a person should be beautiful: clothes, face, thoughts, and soul,” “In the bushes, in the grass of wild rosehip and dogwood, on the trees and in the vineyards, aphids have developed everywhere.”
- After, or rather before, homogeneous members there may be words such as “namely”, “somehow”, “for example”. They usually indicate further enumeration. Let's give an example: “The game of hunters includes not only birds, but also other animals, namely: wild boars, bears, wild goats, deer, hares.”
- After homogeneous members, or rather before generalizing words, there may be expressions that have the meaning of a total (for example, “in one word,” “in a word,” etc.).
Homogeneous are called members of the proposal, answering the same question, relating to the same member of the sentence and performing the same syntactic function (i.e., occupying the position of one member of the sentence).
They have equal rights, do not depend on each other and are one and the same member of the sentence. They are connected to each other by a coordinative or non-conjunctive syntactic connection. The coordinating connection is expressed intonationally and with the help of coordinating conjunctions: single or repeated. The non-union connection is expressed intonationally.
For example: I like ice cream.I love ice cream, chocolate, cookie And cakes.
Laughing girls ran into the room.(A simple two-part common sentence.) Merry , laughing , screaming , flashy the girls ran into the room.(A simple two-part common sentence, complicated by homogeneous members.)
Homogeneous there can be everything members of the proposal: subjects, predicates, definitions, additions, circumstances.
For example:
- How boys, so girls passed the sports standards. (Boys and girls are homogeneous subjects.)
- In a large forest during a storm, trees moan, are crackling, break down. (Moan, crack, break - homogeneous predicates.)
- Yellow, blue, purple sheets of paper lay on the store counter. (Yellow, blue, violet are homogeneous definitions.)
- I loved books, constructors And cartoons.
(Books, construction sets, cartoons are homogeneous additions)
- We spent all our days in the forest or on the river.(In the forest, on the river– homogeneous circumstances).
Homogeneous members can be separated from each other by other members of the sentence.
For example: The heart is not opened with an iron key, but with kindness.
Homogeneous members of the sentence may be common or uncommon.
For example: The garden is fragrant with autumn freshness, leaves and fruits.
Most often, homogeneous members of a sentence are expressed words of one part of speech, but such homogeneous members are also possible that are expressed by words of different parts of speech, phrases and phraseological units. That is, homogeneous members can be grammatically formatted differently.
For example: The girl answered the exam smartly, sensibly, beautiful language. (Homogeneous circumstances expressed by adverbs smartly, sensibly and noun phrases in excellent language.)
Due to the sudden downpour, we soaked to the skin And frozen. (Homogeneous predicates, expressed by phraseological units, are wet to the skin and frozen by the verb.)
Complications by homogeneous members can be introduced into a sentence in different ways and be punctuated differently.
Homogeneous members of a sentence, as mentioned above, form a combination of words based on a coordinating and/or non-union connection. If these are minor members of the sentence, then the connection with the words on which they depend is subordinate.
Homogeneous members in oral speech are formed intonationally, and in written speech punctuationally.
One sentence can have several rows of homogeneous members.
For example:
Masha, Seryozha And Petya sat around the dining room table and painted. (Masha, Seryozha and Petya– homogeneous subjects – 1st row of homogeneous members; sat and drew– homogeneous predicates – 2nd row of homogeneous terms.)
Enumerative intonation and coordinating conjunctions are involved in the grammatical association of homogeneous members:
a) connecting: And
; Yes
in meaning And
; neither
..., neither
; How
..., so and
; Not only
...,but also
; Same
; Also
;
b) adversative: A
; But
; Yes
in meaning But
; but
; however
;
c) dividing: or
; or
; That
..., That
;not that
..., not that
; either
...,either
.
For example:
Siberia has many features like in nature, So
and in human morals.
(Union How
…, so and
– connecting.)
And the Baltic Sea, although not deep, but extensively. (Union But - nasty.)
In the evenings he or read, or watched TV.(Union or – dividing.)
In rare cases, homogeneous members can be connected by subordinating conjunctions (causal, concessive), for example:
For example:
It was useful because it is educational a game. Book interesting, although difficult. (In these examples, homogeneous members of the sentence: useful, because developing; interesting, although complex - are connected using subordinating conjunctions because, although.)
The following are not homogeneous members of the sentence:
1) repeated words used to emphasize a variety of objects, the duration of an action, its repetition, etc.
For example: We seemed to be floating in the air and were spinning, were spinning, were spinning. White fragrant daisies run under his feet back, back (Kuprin).
Such combinations of words are considered as a single member of the sentence;
2) repeating identical shapes connected by a particle not this way : believe it or not, try, don’t try, write like this, write like this, work like this, work like this;
3) combinations of two verbs, of which the first is lexically incomplete: I'll take it and tell you, I took it and complained, I'll go and have a look and so on.;
4) phraseological units like: neither fluff nor feather, neither back nor forth, for nothing about anything, neither light nor dawn, neither fish nor meat, neither give nor take, neither alive nor dead, and laughter and sin, and this way and that.
In them There is no comma.
Teacher's comments on the material being studied
| Possible difficulties | Good advice |
| How to correctly place punctuation marks in the following cases? The sun rose higher and it began to get hot on the beach. It was already dawn and the air was noticeably warmer. | Please note that both sentences are complex. Some of the simple sentences in their composition do not have a subject, but this does not make the predicates homogeneous. Commas before and in these sentences are required. The sun rose higher and it began to get hot on the beach. It was already dawn and the air was noticeably warmer. |
| Everyone already knew that a girl was born and that she was named Masha. The paint on the walls peeled off due to moisture and the frames swelled. | Single conjunctions and, or, or can connect two homogeneous subordinate clauses (these subordinate clauses refer to the same main part and answer the same question). There is no comma between them. Everyone already knew that a girl was born and that she was named Masha. Single conjunctions and, or, or can link two clauses that have a common minor member. There is also no comma between them. The paint on the walls peeled off due to moisture and the frames swelled (a common minor term is the circumstance of the cause due to moisture). |
| Do I need to put a comma before and in the following cases? What a clear smile_ and what huge eyes this girl has! | Single conjunctions and, or, or can connect two exclamatory or two interrogative sentences. There is no comma between them. Who is he and what is he doing here? What a clear smile and what huge eyes this girl has! |
Homogeneous members of the sentence
Homogeneous members of a sentence are those that:
1) play the same syntactic role in a sentence;
2) connected with the same main word through the same question;
3) are connected by a coordinating connection, which indicates their semantic equality in the sentence;
4) are often expressed by the same part of speech.
Let's explain this with a diagram:
She loved dancing, books and romantic encounters.
We have before us a number of homogeneous additions (dances, books, meetings), they all depend on the same predicate, answer the same question and are equal in meaning.
Homogeneous members of a sentence (OSP) can be connected to each other both by a non-union connection and with the help of coordinating conjunctions:
| Means of communication between private security forces | |
| Homogeneous members are connected by a non-union bond | Aibolit walks through forests and swamps. |
| Homogeneous members are connected by connecting unions and, yes(in meaning i), neither - nor, not only - but also, both - so and, not so much - as and etc. | Long live soap fragrant, and a towel fluffy, and tooth powder! (K. Chukovsky). Neither countries, neither I don’t want to choose a graveyard!(I. Brodsky). He is not so much poor as he is greedy. |
| Homogeneous members are connected by adversarial unions ah, but, yes(in meaning But), but | The stars fall for them on the shoulders, not in the palms. Small spool Yes, dear. Flea small, but evil. |
| Homogeneous members are connected by dividing unions or (or), either, then - that, not that - not that | I I’ll either burst into tears, or scream, or faint. Is there somewhere city or village with that name. |
Complex sentences. Basic types of compound sentences
Compound sentences are complex conjunctive sentences in which simple sentences can be equal in meaning and are connected by coordinating conjunctions.
There was a knock on the door and everyone immediately fell silent.
There may be no money, but your conscience does not hurt.
Based on conjunctions and meaning, complex sentences are divided into three types.
| Type and basic conjunctions | Basic values of this type | |
| Complex sentence with connecting conjunctions and, yes(in meaning And), neither - nor, too, also. | Listing of phenomena occurring simultaneously or sequentially. | The hole was repaired, and the assistant captain was already checking the navigation instruments. The sailor was silent, the cabin boy also did not say a word. |
| Complex sentence with disjunctive conjunctions or (or), or - or, either, either - or, then - that, not that - not that. | Alternation of phenomena, the possibility of one phenomenon out of several. | Either the store was already closed, or Oska was simply too lazy to buy bread. Either the battery is not heating, or the frost has increased. |
| Complex sentence with adversative conjunctions ah, but, yes(in meaning But), however, but, with particle same in the function of the union. | One phenomenon is contrasted with another. | The wind has died down, but the waves are still high. Andrei came home late, but the children were not yet asleep. |
Punctuation marks for homogeneous members
In the absence of a union, a comma is placed between homogeneous members.
The wind rushed through the courtyards, knocked on the windows, buried itself in the leaves.
Answers must be complete, clear, and concise.
In some sentences, words may be repeated for emphasis. A comma is also placed between them, but they are not considered homogeneous members.
She walked and walked and finally came.
And he felt sorry, sorry for his passing life.
For homogeneous members connected by coordinating conjunctions, the following punctuation rules exist:
| Cases when homogeneous terms are separated by a comma | Cases when homogeneous terms are not separated by a comma |
| With single conjunctions a, but, but, yes (meaning but). Small spool but precious. | With single conjunctions and, or, either, yes (in the meaning And). You could hear the noise of the forest and the crackling of branches in the fire. Within groups of homogeneous members, connected in pairs by unions and, or, or, yes (in the meaning And ). He walked like this in summer and winter, autumn and spring. |
| With repeated conjunctions and - and, neither - nor, then - that, not that - not that, or - or, either - or, yes - yes. Neither I nor my friend were tired. |
|
| With all double conjunctions: both - and, not only - but also, where - there and, as much - as much, although and - but etc. He was respected by both friends and enemies. Although he was old, he was strong. |
| Note! A repeating conjunction can be positioned differently relative to a number of homogeneous members. Usually a conjunction is placed before each member of a homogeneous series. In this case, a comma is placed between all homogeneous terms, including after the first of them: He knew his work, loved it, and knew how to do it. The stars either barely burned, then disappeared, or suddenly flashed brightly in the sky. Sometimes there is no conjunction before the first member of a homogeneous series. In such cases, a comma is also placed between all homogeneous terms, including after the first of them. I kept only my saber, my pipe, and my father’s gun. He would then frown with displeasure, or frown, or purse his lips. In the Russian language there are many phraseological units built on the basis of a number of homogeneous members. In such phraseological units, commas are not used. Remember the main ones: |
||
| both this and that; neither this nor that; and this way and that; | neither light nor dawn; both here and there; neither fish nor fowl; | neither day nor night; neither give nor take; neither back nor forward and etc. |
Punctuation marks for single conjunctions AND, OR, OR in simple and complex sentences
- Within a simple sentence, single conjunctions and, or, or connect homogeneous members. In this case, a comma is not placed before these conjunctions.
He simply made a mistake or did not have time to complete the calculations.
- Single conjunctions and, or, or can link parts of a complex sentence. In this case, they are preceded by a comma.
Everyone arrived on time, and the bus moved off.
- Single conjunctions and, or, or can connect two homogeneous subordinate clauses (these subordinate clauses refer to the same main part and answer the same question). In this case, there is no comma between them.
Everyone already knew that a girl was born and that she was named Masha.
- Single conjunctions and, or, or can connect two sentences that have a common part or a common subordinate clause. In this case, there is also no comma between them.
The paint on the walls peeled off due to moisture and the frames swelled.
While the kettle was boiling, Stas cut the sausage_ And we started dinner.
- Single conjunctions and, or, or can connect two exclamatory or two interrogative sentences. In this case, there is also no comma between them.
Who is he and what is he doing here?
What a clear smile_ and what huge eyes this girl has!
- If homogeneous members of a sentence are connected only intonationally, no unions, then before each homogeneous member of the sentence, starting after the first, you need to put a comma .
- single connecting conjunctions : AND, EITHER, OR, YES(in the meaning of I), then between two homogeneous members of the sentence comma is NOT included.
- If homogeneous members are connected single adversative conjunctions AH, THEN, BUT, YES(in the meaning of BUT) or subordinating conjunction ALTHOUGH, That comma between them is put .
- If homogeneous members of a sentence are connected repeating conjunctions AND...AND, EITHER...OR, THAT...THAT, OR...OR, NOT THAT...NOT THAT, That a comma is placed before the second conjunction or starting from the second , if there are more than two homogeneous members.
- If homogeneous members are connected double alliances NOT ONLY...BUT ALSO, AS...AND, IF NOT...THEN, ALTHOUGH AND...BUT, NOT SO MUCH...HOW MUCH, That a comma is always placed before the second part of the conjunction . The first part of the double conjunction comes before the first homogeneous member of the sentence, the second part of the conjunction comes before the second homogeneous member of the sentence.
- Homogeneous members of a sentence can form groups.
- Always between parts of a complex sentence there is a comma if they are connected non-union connection .
- Parts of a compound sentence can be connected by coordinating conjunctions. As a rule, in such cases between parts of the sentence before the conjunction there is a comma.
- When the first and second part have one common minor clause. It can be any member of a sentence - an object, a circumstance, etc.
- Eat common clause, relating to both the first part of a compound sentence and the second part.
- If available general introductory word.
- consists of two names.
- If a complex sentence consists of two interrogative sentences.
- If merged two exclamations or incentives offers.
- If merged two vaguely personal sentences(implies one action producer).
- If merged two impersonal sentences with synonymous predicates.
1. Homogeneous members of the sentence
Homogeneous members of the sentence - these are the members of a sentence that answer the same question asked from the same word and perform the same syntactic function. Any members of a sentence can be homogeneous: and subjects, and predicates, and definitions, and additions, and circumstances. Usually these are words of the same part of speech, but they can be different.
For example: Students at the seminar answered smartly, intelligently, in beautiful language . From one predicate verb we ask the same question (How? ) to two adverbs - smartly And sensibly– and to one phrase expressed by a combination of an adjective and a noun, beautiful language. But they are all similar circumstances.
Homogeneous members of a sentence can be connected by union creative writing and (or) non-union connection, that is, either there are unions with homogeneous members, or not.
For example: Bloomed in the garden roses , lilies , daisies – homogeneous subjects.
For example: Suddenly a storm came with large And frequent hail - homogeneous definitions . Autumn freshness , foliage And fruits the garden smells fragrant- homogeneous additions. I'll send you a postcard or I'll call you on the phone- homogeneous predicates. Only Anyutka stayed at home cook Yes(=and) tidy up the room.
For example: Movie interesting , Although a little drawn out- homogeneous predicates. It is not an iron key that opens the heart , but kindness- homogeneous additions. Father I wanted to leave towards him , Yes(=but) for some reason I changed my mind- homogeneous predicates.
For example: They ran to the noise And women , And guys – homogeneous subjects. The felled aspen trees were crushed And grass , And small shrub- homogeneous additions. I'm imagining That noisy feasts , That military mill , That combat contractions– homogeneous subjects.
Pay attention to this option, when the conjunction before the first of three homogeneous members of the sentence can be omitted, but nevertheless the placement of punctuation marks will not change.
For example: I imagine noisy feasts , That military camp , That combat contractions. You me can't you hear , or Do not understand , or you just ignore- homogeneous predicates.
For example: These standards can be met How masters of sports , so and for beginners - homogeneous additions. The glow of the fire was visible Not only above center cities , but also on the outskirts– homogeneous circumstances.
If from one word is given same question to each group of homogeneous members of the sentence, then they are group-by-group homogeneous, and a comma is placed between groups of homogeneous members of a sentence.
For example: In literature lessons we read (what?) poetry And fables , (what?) stories And stories – two groups of homogeneous complements .
If the groups were asked different questions (and from different words) , these groups are heterogeneous, between them comma is NOT included .
For example: On (which?) spacious And light the clearing grew (what?) daisies And bells – homogeneous subjects and homogeneous definitions.
IMPORTANT! Homogeneous definitions must be distinguished from heterogeneous ones, characterizing the object from different sides. In this case, there is no enumeration intonation and a coordinating conjunction cannot be inserted. Comma between them NOT put .
For example: Buried in the ground round hewn oak table– adjectives characterize an object from different sides (by shape, by method of manufacture, by the material from which the object is made), they are not homogeneous, although they answer the same question.
NO comma between two verbs in the same form, acting as a single compound predicate , indicating movement and its purpose or forming a single semantic whole.
For example: I'll go look at the class schedule. Be careful not to stumble on a slippery path. Try to determine to taste.
NO comma in stable terms with repeating conjunctions: both day and night; both old and young; both laughter and grief; here and there; neither back nor forward; neither yes nor no; for no reason about anything; neither fish nor fowl; neither light nor dawn; not a sound, not a breath; out of the blue . They are usually used in speech in a figurative sense and are not homogeneous members.
2. Compound sentence
Compound sentence - a sentence consisting of several simple sentences (several grammatical bases) interconnected union or non-union communication Simple sentences are equal, neutral in relation to each other, from one part of a complex sentence it is impossible to pose a question to the other part.
For example: The harsh winter has come , frost bound the rivers with ice.
For example: The heat and fatigue took their toll , And I fell asleep dead asleep. We were unable to buy tickets for the concert , But we still had a wonderful evening.
IMPORTANT! Distinguish a complex sentence with two or more grammatical stems from a simple one, where there is only one grammatical stem and homogeneous predicates can be connected by a coordinating conjunction.
For example: The dazzlingly bright moon was already above the mountain and flooded the city with a clear greenish light.– union AND homogeneous predicates are connected, and a comma is not placed before it.
But there are some cases when a comma before the conjunction AND in a compound sentence NO need to put :
For example: Hundreds of fireflies flew in the thick evening air And the fragrance of blooming magnolias was heard - general circumstance (hundreds of fireflies were flying And the fragrance was wafting (where?) in the air).
For example: Until the teacher entered the classroom, the children did not calm down And there was a loud noise in the classroom.
For example: According to the class teacher, the boys behave badly in class And girls imitate them in every possible way.
For example: Frost and sun. A hoarse groan and an angry grinding sound.
For example: What time is it now And how much time is left until the end of class ? You will come to me or I will come to you ?
For example: How to end the quarter well And how nice it is to take a break from school ! Let the sun shine And the birds are singing !
For example: They began to exhibit grades in the journal And noticed the absence of one test paper.
For example: You must complete all 24 tasks And need to do it in ninety minutes.
1. Homogeneous members of the sentence- these are the members of the sentence that
are related to the same word in a sentence and usually answer
same question. These are also the same members of the sentence,
united with each other by a creative connection.
Homogeneous members can be both major and minor members
offers.
Here's an example:
The old carpenter Vasily and his apprentice do the work slowly,
thoroughly.
In this sentence there are two rows of homogeneous members: homogeneous
the subjects Vasily and the student correspond to one predicate -
perform;
homogeneous circumstances of the course of action slowly, thoroughly
depend on the predicate (perform (how?) slowly, thoroughly).
2. Homogeneous members are usually expressed by the same part of speech.
Let's give an example: Vasily and the student are nouns in
nominative case.
But homogeneous members can also be morphologically heterogeneous:
A young lady of about thirty-two entered, glowing with health, with
laughing lips, cheeks and eyes.
In this sentence, among homogeneous definitions, the first is expressed
noun phrase in the genitive case (age thirty-two),
the second – a participial phrase (blazing with health), the third –
a combination of three nouns in the instrumental case with a preposition with
with dependent participle (with laughing lips, cheeks and eyes).
Note. Sometimes a coordinating connection can connect and
opposite members of a sentence.
Let's give an example: It is not clear who and how distributed it throughout the region
news of the birth of a white boy.
Conjunctive words in a subordinate clause are different members
sentences (subject who and adverbial manner of action how, but
They are connected by a coordinating conjunction and).
3. Homogeneous members are connected by coordinating conjunctions and intonation or just intonation. If homogeneous terms are separated by a comma, then
commas are placed only between them. Before the first homogeneous member,
There are no commas after the last homogeneous term.
Punctuation marks for homogeneous members X.
A) Non-union connection - a comma is placed between homogeneous members.
* , *, *
Here's an example:
A strange, motley, dense life passed with terrible speed.
Single connecting unions(and, yes=and) or disjunctive conjunctions
(either, or) – a comma is not placed between homogeneous terms.
* And *; * or *.
Here's an example:
She cried and stamped her feet;
Here and there along the road you come across a white birch or a weeping willow.
Note.
Conjunctions and, yes and, yes can have a connecting meaning. These unions
They introduce not homogeneous, but connecting members of the sentence. In that
In this case, a comma is placed before the conjunction.
Here's an example:
People made fun of her, and rightly so.
“People made fun of her, and rightly so;
Why would you order an artist, and a bad one at that, to draw?
- Why would you order an artist to draw, and a bad one at that?
Opposing alliances(but, but, but, however=but, yes=but) – a comma between
homogeneous members are placed.
*, A *; *, But *; *, however *; *, but *
Let's give an example: He looks handsome, but young;
Now the lake shimmered not entirely, but only in a few places;
Our kindergarten is small, but cozy.
D) Double and paired unions(if not..., if not..., then; not
so much..., so; although..., but also; both..., not only..., and; but also;
How many; as much... as; not that..., but; Not really...,
a) – a comma is placed between homogeneous terms.
Not only but *; both * and *; although *, but also *.
Here's an example:
The rainbow stretched not only over the outskirts of the city, but also far away
around;
I have instructions from both the judge and all our friends to reconcile
you and your friend;
For Vasily Vasilievich, although familiar, the power of Erofey was heavy
Kuzmich.
Homogeneous members can be combined with a general word. Generalizing
the word is the same member of the sentence as other homogeneous
members, answers the same question, but has a general meaning:
A generalizing word denotes the whole, and homogeneous members denote parts of it.
whole:
Outside the city, from the mountain, a village was visible: square blocks, wooden
buildings, overflowing gardens, church spiers;
A generalizing word denotes a generic (general concept), and homogeneous
members – specific (more particular concepts):
Birds screamed shrilly: roosters, geese, turkeys (Fadeev).
Generalizing words are expressed by different parts of speech, but most often
pronouns and pronominal adverbs and nouns:
The forest is always beautiful: both on winter days and in spring (always -
pronominal adverb); Everything is here: both the building and the greenery - I perceived
especially I (everything is a pronoun).
Self-control task:
1. Find homogeneous members in these sentences.
What parts of speech are they expressed by?
Explain the spelling of the highlighted words, analyze them according to their composition
a) Visitors to the exhibition examined metal products with interest,
glass vases, national costumes, embroidery, jewelry from
mother of pearl brought from distant islands.
b) People came to the meeting to exchange experiences, to understand the assumptions
mistakes, outline a plan for further work.
c) Edward walked quickly, with a measured step, without looking around.