Today marks the 100th anniversary of the birth of Yakov Pavlov, hero Battle of Stalingrad
Almost every person knows about the Pavlov House, whose defenders held the defense for almost two months during the Battle of Stalingrad. The defense of the house is associated with the name of the commander of the machine gun squad, Sergeant Yakov Pavlov, who knocked the Germans out of the four-story building and, together with other Red Army soldiers, held this important strong point until reinforcements arrive.
Yakov Fedotovich was born on October 4 (17), 1917 in the village of Krestovaya, Valdai district, Novgorod province in peasant family. In 1938, he was drafted into the Red Army, whose service lasted 8 long years due to the outbreak of war. Pavlov met the beginning of the war near the city of Kovel, where his unit was stationed, during this period Soviet troops fought unequal battles with the invader and were forced to retreat.
Before Stalingrad, Pavlov managed to be the commander of an intelligence section and the commander of a machine gun section. In 1942, Pavlov was sent to the 42nd Guards rifle regiment 13th guards division General Alexander Rodimtsev. Pavlov and other soldiers still managed to find Stalingrad untouched by the war.
“In our free time, my friends and I walked along its beautiful streets, admiring its buildings, new factories stretching for many kilometers along the banks of the Volga,” recalled the hero of the future battle. Soon the city that bore the name of the country's leader will become the scene of a fierce battle, one of the largest and bloodiest in human history.
And Sergeant Pavlov will become one of his most famous defenders. Having returned to his unit after retraining, Pavlov, appointed commander of the machine gun squad, would already occupy one of the Stalingrad houses with a group of soldiers on the very first day: the Red Army soldiers would kill the fascists and transport the civilians to safe place.
Pavlov will be assigned to dangerous missions related to reconnaissance and the withdrawal of our soldiers who find themselves surrounded. Reconnaissance raids behind enemy lines were very difficult; the scouts were left without food for several days, and often without water.
The sergeant began his most important task on September 27, 1942. By order of the company commander Naumov, he, together with the Red Army soldiers Chernogolov, Aleksandrov and Glushchenko, had to carry out reconnaissance of a four-story building in the central square of the city. The house was of strategic importance; it allowed control of a significant part of the territory and access to the Volga.
The group moved to the house in the evening, when it became dark. Weapons include machine guns, knives and grenades. Pavlov recorded the operation in his memoirs: there were only a few fascists in the house, the scouts eliminated three of them, and three more wounded Germans managed to escape. And although the company commander gave the order to carry out only reconnaissance, Pavlov decided to stay and defend the building.
The Nazis tried to recapture it that same night, but were rebuffed. Soon the command increased the number of defenders of the house to 26 people, and a machine-gun platoon of Lieutenant Ivan Afanasyev arrived to help.
In the basement, the defenders installed a Maxim machine gun; a sniper sat in the attic; the fascists, who could not be reached by a machine gun or sniper, were taken out by a mortar.
Communication was established with headquarters, and the command was aware of all events related to the defense of the house. The defenders brought water from the Volga at night; it was a very risky and difficult operation, crawling with a thermos on your back to the mill, and then descending to the Volga. Several soldiers died while delivering water.
The Nazis fired at the house every day and tried to bomb it from the air, but it turned into an impregnable bastion. Cooperation was established with the neighboring building, in which the Red Army soldiers under the command of Lieutenant Zabolotny held the defense, and with the mill building, where the command post shelf. This defense system was too tough for the Nazis.
The building that Pavlov’s soldiers defended began to be called “Pavlov’s House” even during the Battle of Stalingrad, and the newspaper “Pravda” in its article about the garrison of this fortress also called it “Pavlov’s House.”
Yakov Fedotovich himself notes that “his soldier’s honor... requires saying that this house was not only Pavlov’s house, but also the house of Aleksandrov, Chernogolov, Glushchenko, Sukba, Stepanoshvili and our entire garrison, who, not sparing their lives, carried out the order command and stood to the death in his position.”
IN equally it is also the home of Lieutenant Ivan Afanasyev.
Yakov Pavlov talks with Stalingrad resident Alexandra Cherkasova. Photo: Battle of Stalingrad Museum-Reserve
The defenders left the house only when our troops went on the offensive, and soon the Red Army soldiers liberated dozens and hundreds of other houses and the whole of Stalingrad.
In November 1942, Yakov Pavlov was wounded, after which he returned to duty and was a gunner and reconnaissance section commander in the artillery units of the 3rd Ukrainian and 2nd Belorussian fronts, in which it reached Polish city Stettin. These were the final days of the war; at the end of April 1945, Soviet troops had already stormed Berlin.
After the end of the war, in June 1945, junior lieutenant Yakov Pavlov was awarded the title of Hero Soviet Union. After demobilization from the army, Pavlov worked in national economy in his native Novgorod region. Yakov Fedotovich died on September 29, 1981.
Photo: Hero of the Soviet Union Sergeant Yakov Pavlov against the backdrop of a destroyed house. © Georgy Zelma /RIA Novosti
Yakov Pavlov was born in the village of Malaya Krestovaya, now the Valdai district of the Novgorod region, graduated primary school, worked in agriculture. In 1938 he was drafted into the Red Army. Great Patriotic War met in combat units in the Kovel area, as part of the troops Southwestern Front.
In 1942, Pavlov was sent to the 42nd Guards Rifle Regiment of the 13th Guards Division under General A.I. Rodimtsev. Participated in defensive battles on the approaches to Stalingrad. In July-August 1942, Senior Sergeant Ya. F. Pavlov was reorganized in the city of Kamyshin, where he was appointed commander of the machine gun squad of the 7th company. In September 1942 - in the battles for Stalingrad, he carried out reconnaissance missions.
On the evening of September 27, 1942, Pavlov received a combat mission from company commander Lieutenant Naumov to reconnoiter the situation in a 4-story building overlooking central square Stalingrad - January 9th Square. This building occupied an important tactical position. With three fighters (Chernogolov, Glushchenko and Aleksandrov) he knocked the Germans out of the building and completely captured it. Soon the group received reinforcements, ammunition and telephone communications. Together with the platoon of Lieutenant I. Afanasyev, the number of defenders increased to 24 people. It took a long time to dig a trench and evacuate civilians hiding in the basements of the house.
The Nazis constantly attacked the building with artillery and aerial bombs. But Afanasyev avoided heavy losses and for almost two months did not allow the enemy to break through to the Volga.
November 19, 1942 troops Stalingrad Front(see Operation Uranus) launched a counteroffensive. On November 25, during the attack, Pavlov was wounded in the leg, lay in the hospital, then was a gunner and commander of the reconnaissance section in the artillery units of the 3rd Ukrainian and 2nd Belorussian Fronts, in which he reached Stettin. He was awarded two Orders of the Red Star and many medals. On June 17, 1945, junior lieutenant Yakov Pavlov was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union (medal No. 6775). Pavlov was demobilized from the ranks Soviet army in August 1946.
After demobilization, he worked in the city of Valdai, Novgorod Region, was the first secretary of the district committee, and graduated from the Higher Party School under the CPSU Central Committee. Elected as a deputy three times Supreme Council RSFSR from the Novgorod region. After the war he was also awarded the Order of Lenin, the Order October revolution. He repeatedly came to Stalingrad (now Volgograd), met with residents of the city who survived the war and restored it from ruins. In 1980, Y. F. Pavlov was awarded the title “ Honorable Sir hero city of Volgograd.
In Veliky Novgorod, in a boarding school named after him for orphans and children left without parental care, there is a Pavlov Museum (Derevyanitsy microdistrict, Beregovaya Street, building 44).
Pavlov was buried on the Alley of Heroes of the Western Cemetery of Veliky Novgorod. There is a version that Pavlov did not die in 1981, but became the confessor of the Holy Trinity-Sergius Lavra, Fr. Kirill. This information has no confirmation - this is his namesake, who was also the defender of Stalingrad.
Image in culture
- Battle of Stalingrad (1949) - Leonid Knyazev
- Stalingrad (1989) - Sergei Garmash.
- Yakov Pavlov is mentioned in computer game Call of Duty in the Pavlov campaign.
“We will never forget the harsh and formidable year of 1942. A quarter of a century ago, the fate of our Fatherland was decided here... Our oath - there is no land beyond the Volga for us - expressed the determination to fight to the death, expressed the nation’s desire to defeat the enemy in Stalingrad...”
Ya.F. Pavlov
“Let our prayers merge into a single cry to the Lord, so that those for whom we pray will rejoice in spirit for our love for them...”
Archimandrite Kirill (Pavlov)
Once I had the opportunity to meet pilgrims from the Trinity-Sergius Lavra on Valaam. The elder, Archimandrite Kirill (Pavlov), was also mentioned in the conversation. Someone asked whether this is the legendary Sergeant Pavlov from Stalingrad, or whether all the talk about this is just an ordinary poetic invention, of which there are many wandering among the Orthodox.
“They say this and that way...” answered the monk Sergius. – And Elder Kirill himself, in his humility, does not answer this question. But, apparently, Sergeant Pavlov is who he is.
- He, of course! – the elderly monk supported him. - Who else is so against it? an entire army could you defend the house? Only a man of prayer like Kirill could do something like this...
My interlocutors were wrong.
Although Archimandrite Kirill (Pavlov) also fought in Stalingrad with the rank of sergeant, he was the commander of the machine gun squad of the 42nd Guards rifle regiment The 13th Guards Division of General Rodimtsev, which defended the famous House of Specialists for 58 days, was different Stalingrad sergeant- Yakov Fedotovich Pavlov.
1
In the old days, every schoolchild knew about this House...
The 13th Guards Division of General Rodimtsev miraculously managed to stop the enemy rushing towards the Volga, just a few hundred meters from the shore, on the January 9 Square.
When there was a break, we noticed that the dark gray House of Specialists remained in the neutral zone. From time to time, automatic and machine gun fire could be heard from there.
It was decided to send reconnaissance. The choice fell on Sergeant Yakov Pavlov. Together with Corporal V.S. Glushchenko and privates A.P. Alexandrov and N.Ya. Black-headed, the fearless sergeant went to the house. There, in the basement, where they were hiding local residents, the scouts met with medical instructor Dmitry Kalinin and two wounded soldiers. There were also few Germans in the house yet. Moving from one apartment to another, from floor to floor, the scouts knocked out the Nazis.
The house of specialists was considered one of the most prestigious in Stalingrad. Leaders lived there industrial enterprises and party workers. From the house a direct road led to the Volga.
The German positions were clearly visible from the house. Having assessed the situation, Sergeant Pavlov decided that it was impossible to leave this house.
Early in the morning the scouts took the first enemy attack. For almost two months, fifty-eight days, the Germans stormed Pavlov’s House and were never able to take it.
This is, of course, a miracle...
The German army, which easily covered many thousands of kilometers and captured dozens of countries, got stuck in front of an ordinary four-story house on a Stalingrad street, but was never able to get through last meters, leading to the Volga.
2
In those very September days, when the Germans attacked Stalingrad with all the might of their armies, another sergeant, Ivan Dmitrievich Pavlov, also defended the city on the Volga. He was two years younger than his heroic namesake, but his military path turned out to be longer, because he began at Finnish war. And, like Yakov Fedotovich in the House on January 9 Square, Ivan Dmitrievich also found his fate in the ruins of a Stalingrad house.
Ivan Dmitrievich picked up a broken book from a pile of bricks, began to read it and felt, as he later recalled, “something so dear, dear to the soul.” This was the Gospel.
Ivan Dmitrievich collected all his leaves together and never parted with the found Book. Thus began his journey to God.
“When I started reading the Gospel, my eyes just opened up to everything around me, to all the events,” he later said. – I walked with the Gospel and was not afraid. Never. It was such inspiration! The Lord was just next to me, and I was not afraid of anything...”
Ivan Dmitrievich reached Austria, took part in the battles on Lake Balaton, and in 1946, when he was demobilized from Hungary, he came to Moscow.
“At the Yelokhovsky Cathedral I ask if we have any spiritual institution. “There is,” they say, “a theological seminary has been opened in the Novodevichy Convent.” I went there straight in military uniform. I remember the vice-rector, Father Sergius Savinsky, greeted me cordially”...
So yesterday's sergeant became a seminarian.
After completing the seminary, he studied at the Moscow Theological Academy and in 1953 took monastic vows.
It was not Ivan Dmitrievich Pavlov who graduated from the Theological Academy in 1954, but Hieromonk Kirill.
The fate of Sergeant Yakov Fedotovich Pavlov is completely different, but - so strange! – all its key points coincide in time with the key events in the biography of the future archimandrite.
In 1944, Yakov Fedotovich joined Communist Party. He met victory with the rank of foreman, and on June 27, 1945, by Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, he was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union for the feat accomplished in Stalingrad.
After the war, Yakov Fedotovich graduated from the Higher Party School under the CPSU Central Committee and worked in the national economy, was elected three times to the Supreme Soviet of the RSFSR, and was awarded the Orders of Lenin and the October Revolution.
In 1980, he was awarded the title “Honorary Citizen of Volgograd.” Yakov Fedotovich Pavlov died in 1981 and was buried in Novgorod.
Well, Archimandrite Kirill’s whole life turned out to be connected with the Trinity-Sergius Lavra. Archimandrite Kirill became the confessor of the entire brethren of the main monastery of Russia.
It was Elder Kirill who confessed to the now deceased Patriarchs Alexy and Pimen. Now he is the confessor of Alexy II.
The elder almost never visits the Lavra - he lives in Peredelkino, in the residence His Holiness Patriarch All Rus' Alexy II.
The elder prefers not to talk about his military past.
“It remained in that life,” he answers his annoying interlocutors.
They say that one day Archimandrite Kirill was called to the military registration and enlistment office of Sergiev Posad and asked what to tell the Moscow authorities about the defender of Stalingrad Pavlov.
“Tell me that I died...” the elder answered.
3
I would not explain the confusion that occurred with Sergeants Pavlov in some Orthodox publications by the enthusiasm of Orthodox authors alone. Of course, the prevalence of the Pavlov surname played a role here.
Few people know that only three Pavlovs became Heroes of the Soviet Union in Stalingrad. This high rank Captain Sergei Mikhailovich Pavlov and Guard Senior Sergeant Dmitry Ivanovich Pavlov were awarded.
And Sergeant Yakov Fedotovich Pavlov himself, as we have already noted, received the title of Hero for his unprecedented feat in Stalingrad only after the war, when he finally joined the Communist Party.
It is possible to find deeper roots of this combination of different Pavlov sergeants into one whole. The long silence of the role took its toll Orthodox Church and millions of Orthodox people in victory over the occult Reich. After all, practically nothing is known about when fascist Germany attacked the USSR, the Orthodox clergy, forgetting about previous persecutions, stood up to defend the Fatherland.
In Stalingrad alone you can find many examples of this. The Dnieper priest from the Kazan Cathedral walked around the besieged city and blessed the inhabitants and soldiers for military labor. The clergyman Boris Vasiliev in the battle on the Volga commanded a platoon of reconnaissance officers, and Metropolitan Alexy of Kalinin and Kashinsky, then just private Alexey Konoplev, was a machine gunner...
In fact, there is also that mystical side in this story that is incomprehensible to the end, which does not allow us to talk about the connection in the Orthodox popular consciousness of the Hero of the Soviet Union, Sergeant Ya.F. Pavlov and the confessor of the Trinity-Sergius Lavra, Archimandrite Kirill, simply as a mistake.
I first thought about this while listening to the sermon delivered by Archimandrite Kirill.
“Let us give one reliable example, described by the third-century holy martyr Perpetua,” he said. “Once,” writes the martyr, “in prison, during a common prayer, I accidentally pronounced the name of my deceased brother Dinocrates. Struck by the unexpectedness, I began to pray and sigh for him before God. The next night I had a vision. I see Dinocrates emerging from a dark place, very hot and thirsty, unclean in appearance and pale; on his face there is a wound with which he died. There was a great gulf between me and him, so that we could not get closer to each other. Near the place where Dinocrates stood there was a full reservoir, the edge of which was much higher than the height of my brother, and Dinocrates stretched out, trying to get water. I regretted that the height of the edge prevented my brother from getting drunk. Immediately after this I woke up and realized that my brother was in agony. Believing that prayer could help him in his suffering, I prayed days and nights in prison, with screams and tears, that he would be given to me. On that day, on which we remained bound in chains, a new phenomenon appeared to me: the place that I had previously seen as dark became light, and Dinocrates, clean in face and in beautiful clothes, was enjoying the coolness. Where he had a wound, I see only a trace of it, and the edge of the reservoir was now no more than the height of the boy’s waist, and he could easily get water from there. stood on the edge golden cup, full of water; Dinocrates approached and began to drink from it, and the water did not decrease. That was the end of the vision. Then I realized that he was freed from punishment.”
Blessed Augustine, in explanation of this story, says that Dinocrates was enlightened by holy baptism, but was carried away by the example of his pagan father and was not firm in the faith, and died after some sins, common at his age. For such infidelity to the holy faith, he suffered suffering, but through the prayers of his holy sister he got rid of it.
Therefore, my dears, as long as the militant Church remains on earth, with its benefits the lot of dead sinners can still change for the better. How much consolation there is for a sorrowful heart, how much light there is for a perplexed mind in Christianity! Rays of light pour from it into the dark kingdom of the dead.”
You think about the words of this sermon by Archimandrite Kirill, and somehow you see the story of the Pavlov sergeants differently...
It is not confusion, but a high heavenly light that you discern in it.
Pavlov Yakov Pavlov Career: HeroBirth: Russia, 10/4/1917
Hero of the Soviet Union, hero of the Battle of Stalingrad, commander of a group of fighters who defended the so-called in the summer of 1942. Pavlov's house in the center of Stalingrad. This house and its defenders have become a symbol heroic defense cities on the Volga.
Born in the village of Krestovaya, now the Valdai district of the Novgorod region, he graduated from elementary school and worked in agriculture. From there he was drafted into the Red Army in 1938. He met the Great Patriotic War in combat units in the Kovel region, as part of the troops of the Southwestern Front, which fought heavy defensive battles on the territory of Ukraine.
In 1942, he was sent to the 42nd Guards Rifle Regiment of the 13th Guards Division under General A.I. Rodimtsev. He took part in defensive battles on the approaches to Stalingrad. In July-August 1942, Senior Sergeant Ya.F. Pavlov was reorganized in the city of Kamyshin, where he was appointed commander of the machine gun squad of the 7th company. In September 1942 - in the battles for Stalingrad, he carried out reconnaissance missions.
On the evening of September 27, 1942, Ya.F. Pavlov received a combat order from the company commander, Lieutenant Naumov, to reconnoiter the situation in a 4-story building overlooking January 9th Square (the central square of the city) and occupying an important tactical position. With three fighters (Chernogolov, Glushchenko and Aleksandrov) he managed to knock the Germans out of the building and completely take possession of it. Soon the group received reinforcements, ammunition, and a telephone line. Together with the platoon of Lieutenant I. Afanasyev, the number of defenders reached 24 gentlemen. It took a long time to dig a trench and evacuate the civilians hiding in the basements of the house.
The fascist invaders continuously stormed the structure and tried to destroy it with artillery and aerial bombs. Skillfully maneuvering the forces of a small “garrison”, Ya.F. Pavlov avoided heavy losses and for almost two months did not allow the enemy to break through to the Volga.
On November 19, 1942, the troops of the Stalingrad Front (see Operation Uranus) launched a counteroffensive. On November 25, during the attack, Ya.F. Pavlov was wounded in the leg. He was in the hospital, then he fought as a gunner and commander of an intelligence department in the artillery units of the 3rd Ukrainian and 2nd Belorussian Fronts, and reached Stettin. He was awarded two Orders of the Red Star and medals. Soon after the end of the war (June 17, 1945), junior lieutenant Ya.F. Pavlov was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union (medal 6775). Demobilized from the Soviet Army in August 1946.
After demobilization, he worked in Novgorod and graduated from the Higher Party School under the CPSU Central Committee. Three times he was elected as a deputy of the Supreme Soviet of the RSFSR from the Novgorod region. After the war, he was also awarded the Order of Lenin and the Order of the October Revolution. He repeatedly came to Stalingrad (now Volgograd), met with residents of the city who survived the war and restored it from ruins. In 1980, Ya.F. Pavlov was awarded the title of Honorary Citizen of the Hero City of Volgograd.
In Veliky Novgorod, in a boarding school named after him for orphans and children left without parental care, there is a Pavlov Museum (Derevyanitsa microdistrict, Beregovaya Street, dwelling 44).
Y.F. Pavlov was buried in the Alley of Heroes of the Western Cemetery of Veliky Novgorod. The version that Y.F. Pavlov did not die in 1981, but became the confessor of the Holy Trinity-Sergius Lavra, Fr. Kirill has no basis - this is his namesake, although in the past he was also a defender of Stalingrad.
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USSRYakov Fedotovich Pavlov(October 4 - September 28, 1981) - hero of the Battle of Stalingrad, commander of a group of fighters who, in the fall of 1942, defended a four-story residential building on Lenin Square (Pavlov's House) in the center of Stalingrad. This house and its defenders became a symbol of the heroic defense of the city on the Volga. Hero of the Soviet Union (1945).
Biography
Yakov Pavlov was born in the village of Krestovaya, graduated from elementary school, and worked in agriculture. In 1938 he was drafted into the Red Army. He met the Great Patriotic War in combat units in the Kovel region, as part of the troops of the Southwestern Front.
In 1942, Pavlov was sent to the 42nd Guards Rifle Regiment of the 13th Guards Division under General A.I. Rodimtsev. He took part in defensive battles on the approaches to Stalingrad. In July-August 1942, Senior Sergeant Ya. F. Pavlov was reorganized in the city of Kamyshin, where he was appointed commander of the machine gun squad of the 7th company. In September 1942, in the battles for Stalingrad, he carried out reconnaissance missions.
On the evening of September 27, 1942, Pavlov received a combat mission from the company commander, Lieutenant Naumov, to reconnoiter the situation in a 4-story building overlooking the central square of Stalingrad - January 9th Square. This building occupied an important tactical position. With three fighters (Chernogolov, Glushchenko and Aleksandrov) he knocked the Germans out of the building and completely captured it. Soon the group received reinforcements, ammunition and telephone communications. Together with the platoon of Lieutenant I. Afanasyev, the number of defenders increased to 26 people. It was not immediately possible to dig a trench and evacuate civilians hiding in the basements of the house.
The Germans constantly attacked the building with artillery and aerial bombs. But Pavlov avoided heavy losses and for almost two months did not allow the enemy to break through to the Volga. 
On November 19, 1942, the troops of the Stalingrad Front launched a counteroffensive. On November 25, during the attack, Pavlov was wounded in the leg, lay in the hospital, then was a gunner and commander of the reconnaissance section in the artillery units of the 3rd Ukrainian and 2nd Belorussian Fronts, in which he reached Stettin. He was awarded two Orders of the Red Star and many medals. On June 17, 1945, junior lieutenant Yakov Pavlov was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union (medal No. 6775). Pavlov was demobilized from the Soviet Army in August 1946.
After demobilization, he worked in the city of Valdai, Novgorod region, was the third secretary of the district committee, and graduated from the Higher Party School under the CPSU Central Committee. Three times he was elected as a deputy of the Supreme Soviet of the RSFSR from the Novgorod region. After the war, he was also awarded the Order of Lenin and the Order of the October Revolution. He repeatedly came to Stalingrad (now Volgograd), met with residents of the city who survived the war and restored it from ruins. In 1980, Y. F. Pavlov was awarded the title “Honorary Citizen of the Hero City of Volgograd.”
Pavlov is buried in the Alley of Heroes of the Western Cemetery of Veliky Novgorod. There is a version that Pavlov did not die in 1981, but became the confessor of the Holy Trinity-Sergius Lavra, Father Kirill. This information has no confirmation and has been repeatedly refuted.
Memory
- In Veliky Novgorod, in a boarding school named after him for orphans and children left without parental care, there is a Pavlov Museum (Derevyanitsy microdistrict, Beregovaya Street, building 44).
- Streets in Veliky Novgorod and Valdai are named after the Hero.
Image in culture
Cinema- Battle of Stalingrad (1949) - Leonid Knyazev.
- Stalingrad (1989) - Sergei Garmash.
- Yakov Pavlov is mentioned in the Call of Duty computer game in the "Pavlov" campaign.
- In the computer game Panzer Corps in the grand campaign of '42, in the mission "Docks of Stalingrad" there is Pavlov's house, which is protected by the "Sergeant Pavlov" detachment.
- Yakov Pavlov took part in the “Song-74” festival.
- Yakov Pavlov appears in the game Sniper Elite.
- Pavlov's house is present in the computer game Red Orchestra 2: Heroes of Stalingrad.
see also
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Notes
Links
. Website "Heroes of the Country".
- TSB, 2nd edition.
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Excerpt characterizing Pavlov, Yakov Fedotovich
“Very good,” answered Nesvitsky.He called to the Cossack with the horse, ordered him to remove his purse and flask, and easily threw his heavy body onto the saddle.
“Really, I’ll go see the nuns,” he said to the officers, who looked at him with a smile, and drove along the winding path down the mountain.
- Come on, where will it go, captain, stop it! - said the general, turning to the artilleryman. - Have fun with boredom.
- Servant to the guns! - the officer commanded.
And a minute later the artillerymen ran out cheerfully from the fires and loaded.
- First! - a command was heard.
Number 1 bounced smartly. The gun rang metallic, deafening, and a grenade flew whistling over the heads of all our people under the mountain and, not reaching the enemy, showed with smoke the place of its fall and burst.
The faces of the soldiers and officers brightened at this sound; everyone got up and began observing the clearly visible movements of our troops below and in front of the movements of the approaching enemy. At that very moment the sun completely came out from behind the clouds, and this beautiful sound of a single shot and shine bright sun merged into one cheerful and cheerful impression.
Two enemy cannonballs had already flown over the bridge, and there was a crush on the bridge. In the middle of the bridge, having dismounted from his horse, pressed with his thick body against the railing, stood Prince Nesvitsky.
He, laughing, looked back at his Cossack, who, with two horses in the lead, stood a few steps behind him.
As soon as Prince Nesvitsky wanted to move forward, the soldiers and carts again pressed on him and again pressed him against the railing, and he had no choice but to smile.
- What are you, my brother! - the Cossack said to the Furshtat soldier with the cart, who was pressing on the infantry crowded with the very wheels and horses, - what are you! No, to wait: you see, the general has to pass.
But furshtat, not paying attention to the name of the general, shouted at the soldiers blocking his way: “Hey!” fellow countrymen! keep left, wait! “But the fellow countrymen, crowding shoulder to shoulder, clinging with bayonets and without interruption, moved along the bridge in one continuous mass. Looking down over the railing, Prince Nesvitsky saw the fast, noisy, low waves of Ens, which, merging, rippling and bending around the bridge piles, overtook one another. Looking at the bridge, he saw equally monotonous living waves of soldiers, coats, shakos with covers, backpacks, bayonets, long guns and, from under the shakos, faces with wide cheekbones, sunken cheeks and carefree tired expressions, and moving legs along the sticky mud dragged onto the boards of the bridge . Sometimes, between the monotonous waves of soldiers, like a splash of white foam in the waves of Ens, an officer in a raincoat, with his own physiognomy different from the soldiers, squeezed between the soldiers; sometimes, like a chip winding through a river, a foot hussar, an orderly or a resident was carried across the bridge by waves of infantry; sometimes, like a log floating along the river, surrounded on all sides, a company or officer's cart, piled to the top and covered with leather, floated across the bridge.
“Look, they’ve burst like a dam,” the Cossack said, stopping hopelessly. -Are there many of you still there?
– Melion without one! - a person walking nearby in a torn overcoat said winking cheerful soldier and hid; another, old soldier walked behind him.
“When he (he is the enemy) begins to fry the taperich on the bridge,” the old soldier said gloomily, turning to his comrade, “you will forget to itch.”
And the soldier passed by. Behind him another soldier rode on a cart.
“Where the hell did you stuff the tucks?” - said the orderly, running after the cart and rummaging in the back.
And this one came with a cart. This was followed by cheerful and apparently drunk soldiers.
“How can he, dear man, blaze with the butt right in the teeth…” one soldier in an overcoat tucked high said joyfully, waving his hand widely.
- This is it, sweet ham is that. - answered the other with laughter.
And they passed, so Nesvitsky did not know who was hit in the teeth and what the ham was.
“They’re in such a hurry that he let out a cold one, so you think they’ll kill everyone.” - the non-commissioned officer said angrily and reproachfully.
“As soon as it flies past me, uncle, that cannonball,” said the young soldier, barely restraining laughter, with a huge mouth, “I froze.” Really, by God, I was so scared, it’s a disaster! - said this soldier, as if boasting that he was scared. And this one passed. Following him was a carriage, unlike any that had passed so far. It was a German steam-powered forshpan, loaded, it seemed, with a whole house; tied behind the forshpan that the German was carrying was a beautiful, motley cow with a huge udder. On the feather beds sat a woman with a baby, an old woman and a young, purple-red, healthy German girl. Apparently, these evicted residents were allowed through with special permission. The eyes of all the soldiers turned to the women, and while the cart passed, moving step by step, all the soldiers' comments related only to two women. Almost the same smile of lewd thoughts about this woman was on all their faces.
- Look, the sausage is also removed!
“Sell your mother,” striking the last syllable, said another soldier, turning to the German, who, with his eyes downcast, walked angrily and fearfully with wide steps.
- How did you clean up! Damn it!
“If only you could stand with them, Fedotov.”
- You saw it, brother!
- Where are you going? - asked the infantry officer who was eating an apple, also half-smiling and looking at the beautiful girl.
The German, closing his eyes, showed that he did not understand.
“If you want, take it for yourself,” the officer said, handing the girl an apple. The girl smiled and took it. Nesvitsky, like everyone else on the bridge, did not take his eyes off the women until they passed. When they passed, the same soldiers walked again, with the same conversations, and finally everyone stopped. As often happens, at the exit of the bridge the horses in the company cart hesitated, and the entire crowd had to wait.
- And what do they become? There is no order! - said the soldiers. -Where are you going? Damn! There's no need to wait. Worse yet It will be like he sets fire to the bridge. “You see, they locked up the officer too,” they talked to different sides the crowds stopped, looking at each other, and kept pressing forward towards the exit.