Kuliev Kaisyn Shuvaevich
Born: October 19 (November 1), 1917.
Died: June 4, 1985 (67 years old).
Biography
Kaysyn Shuvaevich Kuliev (Karach.-Balk. Kuliylany Shu'any zhashy Kaysyn; 1917-1985) - Soviet Balkarian poet.
People's poet KBASSR (1967). Laureate of the Lenin Prize (1990 - posthumously), the USSR State Prize (1974) and the State Gorky Prize of the RSFSR (1967). Member of the CPSU(b) since 1944. Deputy Supreme Council USSR 5th, 9th, 10th and 11th convocations.
Kaisyn Kuliev was born on October 19 (November 1), 1917 and grew up in the high-mountain village of El-Tyuby, Kabardino-Balkaria in the family of his father, a cattle breeder and hunter. His father died when Kaisyn was still a child. In 1926 he entered school in Nizhny Chegem. After graduating from school, he studied at a pedagogical college in Nalchik, filling thick notebooks with his poems. Kuliev's first poetic experiments date back to his years of apprenticeship, and his first publications date back to 1933.
From 1935 to 1939, Kaisyn Kuliev studied at GITIS named after A.V. Lunacharsky (GITIS) and the Literary Institute named after A.M. Gorky in Moscow. Paying tribute to GITIS, to which he owes excellent education, Kaysyn Kuliev still considers literature to be his true calling. After finishing his studies in Moscow, he teaches literature at KBGPI. He is fully aware of himself as a poet, writes and publishes a lot, defining for himself the beginning of his literary path.
In 1938, Kaisyn Kuliev was admitted to the USSR SP. In 1940, the first book of lyrics was published in Nalchik. native language“Salaam, erttenlik!” (“Hello, morning!”). In 1939, at the conference of the Union of Writers of Kabardino-Balkaria, he made his scientific report about the problems of the development of Balkar literature.
In June 1940, the poet went into the army. The Great Patriotic War finds him in the Baltic states. Since mid-1942, Kaisyn Kuliev’s poems have been published in central printed publications in Russian translations, heard on All-Union Radio. In November 1942, after being wounded, Kuliev, at the invitation of A. A. Fadeev, came to Moscow, where a military organization was organized in Moscow creative evening, which was attended by B. L. Pasternak, K. M. Simonov, N. N. Aseev, V. K. Zvyagintseva, D. B. Kedrin and others. In 1943, a collection of poems by Kaisyn Kuliev was nominated for the Stalin Prize, but due to the deportation of the Balkars in 1944, he was not given this prize.
Kaisyn Kuliev fought along the front roads and was wounded. He was a paratrooper and a war correspondent for the newspaper “Son of the Fatherland,” where his combat correspondence and poems were published, which brought him wide recognition. He took part in the battles for the liberation of Moscow, Orel, Rostov, Ukraine, Crimea, and the Baltic states.
In March 1944, Kaisyn Kuliev learns about the deportation Balkar people V Central Asia. In April 1944, having been discharged from the hospital after being wounded and having visited his native Chegem Gorge, he decided to go to the place of exile of the Balkars. He lived in Kyrgyzstan for more than ten years, participating in literary life republic, but without the right to publish their own works.
Kaisyn Kuliev absorbed the culture of the East, the traditions of Russian and world classics. Boris Pasternak said to Kaisyn Kuliev: The arrows of the West and the East converged above your head.
In one of his letters (August 10, 1953) he wrote to K. Kuliev: I told you a long time ago that I love you very much and believe in you. This faith did not pass through with me. I tell everyone about you. After Yesenin, only in Pavel Vasiliev did I find such traits of integrity, purpose and specialness as in you. That's what I think about national literatures. In order for a phenomenon in any of them to arouse attention and cause translations, it must have the novelty and importance of Omar Khayyam or R. Tagore, which world poetry needed and without which it would not be so complete...
Kaisyn Kuliev considered poets close to himself in spirit and creativity Pushkin, Lermontov, Tyutcheva, Nizami , Fizuli , Pasternak, A. T. Tvardovsky, Byron, Verhaerne, Lorca and others. " World poetry gave me that culture, without which and outside of which it is impossible to become a poet,” he said.
In 1956, Kaisyn Kuliev returned to Kabardino-Balkaria. Graduated from the Higher Literary Courses in Moscow. In Russian and Balkar languages collections of poems appear: “Mountains” (1957), “Bread and Rose” (1957), “I Came from the Mountains” (1959) and others.
IN different time Kaisyn Kuliev held the following positions: he was a member of the Board of the USSR SP, first secretary of the Board of the SP KBASSR, RSFSR, chairman of the Kabardino-Balkarian Peace Committee. Member of the Council of Nationalities of the USSR Armed Forces of the 5th (1958-1962) and 9-11th convocations (1974-1985) from the Kabardino-Balkarian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic.
The 1960s and 1970s were the most fruitful for Kuliev, the time of the highest flowering of creativity. During this period, his collections of poems were published, each of which became a phenomenon in literature: “Fire on the Mountain” (1962), “Wounded Stone” (1964), “Book of the Earth” (1972), “Stars to Burn” (1973), “Evening” (1974), “Ears of Ears and Stars” (1979) and others.
In 1970, a two-volume publication of the collected works of Kaisyn Kuliev was carried out, in 1976-1977, a collected works in three volumes (in 1987, a posthumous collected works in 3 volumes was published). In 1975, the book of journalism “So a Tree Grows” was published.
Early 80s - only five years allotted Kaisyn Kuliev life, despite serious illness, was fruitful for him. In 1985, a collection of poems “I’m telling people” was published - the last publication of the poet during his lifetime. He managed to prepare for publication the collections of poems “Man. Bird. Tree." (1985), "Live!" (1986), story “Ride, my donkey!” (1986), novel “It Was Winter” (1987). But all these books were published after the poet’s death. They confirmed the enduring artistic significance of Kaisyn Kuliev’s work.
Kaisyn Kuliev spent the last years of his life, until his death on June 4, 1985, in his house in the city of Chegem, where, according to his will, he was buried. Currently it is the Kaisyn Kuliev Memorial House-Museum (1987). Things, books, documents, photographs of the poet are stored here. A monument by sculptor M. Tkhakumashev was erected at the grave.
The names of Kaisyn Kuliev are: Avenue and Balkarsky Theatre of Drama in Nalchik, a street in Chegem, where the poet’s house-museum is located, Charitable Foundation at the museum, a school in the village of Nizhny Chegem, a peak in the Bashil tract, a palace of culture in the city of Tyrnyauz (KBR), a street in the city of Magas (Ingushetia), a street and library in Bishkek (Kyrgyzstan), a school and museum in India, a park in the city of Ankara (Turkey).
Awards and titles
medal "For the Defense of Stalingrad" (November 8, 1942) - for participation in heroic defense Stalingrad
order Patriotic War II degree (1944) - for participation in the battles for the liberation of Crimea
medal "For victory over Germany in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945" (1947)
two Orders of the Red Banner of Labor (1957, October 28, 1967) - on the 50th anniversary of birth and achievements in creativity
People's Poet of the Kabardino-Balkarian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic (1967) - for great merit in the development of literature of Kabardino-Balkaria
State Prize of the RSFSR named after M. Gorky (1966) - for the book “The Wounded Stone”
sign “25 years of Victory in the Great Patriotic War 1941-1945” (1970)
Order of Lenin (October 31, 1977) - for great merits and in connection with the 60th anniversary
USSR State Prize (1974) - for “The Book of the Earth”
Certificate of Honor of the Soviet Peace Committee (1974)
Jubilee medal "Thirty years of Victory in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945" (1975)
Honored Cultural Worker of the Armenian SSR (December 25, 1975)
Badge "For services to Polish culture" (1977)
"Khalkhyn golyn yalalt" State award Mongolia (1979)
Anniversary medal "60 years Armed Forces USSR" (1980)
order October revolution(November 16, 1984) - in connection with the 50th anniversary of the formation of the Union of Writers of the USSR and for services to the Motherland
Jubilee medal "Forty years of Victory in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945" (1985)
Order of the Patriotic War, 1st degree (1985)
Prize named after Boris Polevoy (1986) - for the story “Ride, my donkey!”
Lenin Prize(April 20, 1990 - posthumously) - for outstanding contribution into Soviet multinational literature, artistic originality and development folk traditions in the spiritual life of socialist society
Medal and Certificate of Honor International Fund them. M. Yu. Lermontov (1995, posthumously) - for support of national culture
Prize "Honor and Dignity of Talent" of the International Public Writers' Organization "Literary Fund" (1998, posthumously)
Order of Merit (2007 - posthumously) (Republic of Ingushetia)
Order of Merit (2008 - posthumously) (KBR)
Kuliev's works have been translated into English, Bulgarian, Czech, Armenian, Kazakh, Russian and many other languages of the world.
From memories of Kaisyn Kuliev
Kaisyn reveled in poetry, bewitching me too. His memory was truly phenomenal. Pushkin, Lermontov, Tyutchev, Blok, Yesenin, Nizami, Fizuli, Pasternak, Tvardovsky, Verharn lived in his heart... He knew poets like his own brothers. Loved and was proud of them. And how many great composers, artists, philosophers illuminated his life! But communication with them was reserved. He was preparing for it. A special hour must appear when the meeting could take place. And the meeting happened...
...In the poetry of Kaisyn himself, the voices of many different poets, native and foreign, are clearly heard, which does not prevent him from remaining himself; Kaisyn Kuliev never sought, as they say in everyday life, to join cultural heritage. He sneered at acquired erudition for the sake of erudition; he considered it a form of spiritual consumerism and dependency. Not to master, but to become a co-creator of beauty! Not made by hands! That is, to suffer through it, to experience it in your heart. And he was unusually happy when he had a holy reason to confess his love for art.
Translations into Russian
Collected works in three volumes. M.: Fiction, 1987 - 75,000 copies.
Collected works in three volumes. M.: Fiction. Volume 1 (Years 1935-1961) - 1976. Preface - Irakli Andronikov. Volume 2. Poems, poems. (Years 1961-1969). - 1977. Volume 3. Poems, poems. (Years 1969-1975). - 1977. - 75,000 copies.
Selected works in two volumes. M., Fiction, 1970. - 25,000 copies.
MOUNTAINS. M.: Soviet Writer, 1957. 328 pp., 5,000 copies.
My neighbours. Nalchik, 1957
Bread and rose. M., Young Guard, 1957
Land and song. M.: Soviet Russia, 1959
Poems. M., Goslitizdat, 1959
I came from the mountains. M., Detgiz, 1959
Fire on the mountain. M., Soviet writer, 1962
Mountain poem about Lenin. M., Detgiz, 1963
Green fairy tale. - Nalchik, 1963
Selected lyrics. Translation by N. Grebnev, Y. Kozlovsky. M.: Young Guard, 1964 (Library of selected lyrics).
Wounded stone. M.: Soviet writer, 1964, 312 pp., 10,000 copies. Translation by N. Grebnev, Ya. A. Kozlovsky, M. A. Dudin, S. Lipkin, N. M. Korzhavin.
Morning story. M., Children's literature, 1964
Bequeathed peace. Poetry. M.: Pravda, 1965 - 32 p. (Library Ogonyok.)
PEACE TO YOUR HOUSE, authorized translation from Balkar by N. Grebnev. M., Soviet Writer. 1966. - 176 p.
Mountain poem about Lenin. Nalchik, 1966
Selected lyrics. M., Fiction, 1967
Mountain poem about Lenin. M.: Children's literature, 1967
Poetry. Nalchik, 1967
Wounded stone. M.: Soviet Russia, 1968 - 288 pp., 25,000 copies.
WOUNDED STONE. M., Soviet writer, 1968. - 320 pp., 50,000 copies
CORNER GLOBE, authorized translation from Balkar by N. Grebnev. M.: “Soviet writer”. 1969, 176 p.
THANK THE SUN. M., Young Guard, 1969. - 160 pp., 50,000 copies.
Mountain poem about Lenin. Nalchik, 1970
BOOK OF EARTH. M., Soviet writer, 1972
BOOK OF LYRICS. Translation from Balkar by Naum Grebnev. Sovremennik, M., 1973, 25,000 copies.
STARS - BURN! Selected lyrics. M,: Soviet Russia, 1973. 542 pp., 30,000 copies.
EVENING. Book of poems. Translation from Balkar by N. Grebnev. M.: Soviet writer, 1974., 184 pp., 20,000 copies.
LYRICS. Translation from Balkar by Naum Grebnev. Publishing house "Pravda", M., 1974, 32 pp., 100,000 copies.
Seasons. Nalchik, 1974
Tale of the sun. M.: Children's literature, 1974
Tall trees. M.: Children's literature, 1975
Tale of the sun. M.: Children's literature, 1975
This is how a tree grows. M., Sovremennik, 1975
I LIVE AMONG PEOPLE. Book of lyrics. M.: Soviet writer, 1976. - 336 pp., 20,000 copies.
The Tale of the Good Ant. M.: Children's literature, 1976
BOOK OF EARTH. M., Soviet writer, 1977. 392 pp., 50,000 copies.
Grass and stone. Grass and Stone. Translated By Olga Shartse. Selected Poems. Moscow, Progress Publications, 1977. Parallel text in English and Russian.
I'm talking to myself. M., Pravda, 1977
The stars should burn! Selected lyrics. Translation from Balkar by N. Grebnev, Ya. A. Kozlovsky, N. Korzhavin, O. G. Chukhontsev, E. Eliseev, D. Golubkov, L. Schiffers, D. Kedrin. Soviet Russia, M., 1973. 544 p.
Spring light. - M., Soviet writer, 1979
EARS AND STARS. M.: Contemporary. 1979. 384 p.
The Tale of the Good Ant. M.: Children's literature, 1979
Mountain poem about Lenin. M., Children's literature, 1980
EARTHLY BEAUTY. M.: Soviet Russia, 1980. 416 pp., 75,000 copies.
HUMAN. BIRD. TREE. M., Soviet writer, 1985. - 368 pp., 20,000 copies.
I tell people. M.: Sovremennik, 1985
Live! - M.: Soviet Russia, 1986
The poet is always with people. M., Soviet writer, 1986.
It was winter. Novel. - M., Sovremennik, 1987. - 448 pp., 100,000 copies.
Lyrics. Nalchik, 1987 (parallel Balkar and Russian texts).
While the song of existence is sung. Nalchik, 1993
GRASS AND STONE. Selected poems translated by N. Grebnev, O. Chukhontsev, S. Lipkin, N. Tikhonov, V. Zvyagintseva, Y. Neiman, Y. Kozlovsky. Pyatigorsk, Vestnik Kavkaza, 2007. Bilingual edition with parallel texts in Russian and English. --
Grass and Stone. Selected Poems. Translated by Olga Shartse. Vestnik Kavkaza, Pyatigorsk, Russia, 2007. Bilingual edition. Translation into Russian by Naum Grebnev, Oleg Chukhontsev, Vera Zvyagintseva.
WOUNDED STONE. Selected poems translated into Turkish language Kanshaubiya Mizieva. Ankara, from the Foundation named after. Ahmed Yasevi, 1997. Bilingual edition with parallel texts in Balkar and Turkish.
YARALI TAS. Şiirler. Ankara, Ahmet Yesevi Vakfı Yayınları, 1997, Türkçesi: Kanşaubiy Miziev.
See “I am Russian. Rasul Gamzatov. David Kugultinov. Kaisyn Kuliev. Mustai Karim. Poems." 352 pp. Publishing house Inesh 2007. Ufa. ISBN 978-5-903622-03-0
Family
Kulieva, Elizat Elbaevna - wife, academician International Academy creativity. Lives in Nalchik, KBR.
Kulieva, Zhanna Kaisynovna - daughter, candidate philological sciences. Lives and works in Nalchik.
Kuliev, Eldar Kaisynovich - son, film director, screenwriter. Lives in Moscow.
Kuliev, Alim Kaisynovich - son, Soviet and American theater and film actor, director. Lives and works in the USA
Kuliev, Azamat Kaisynovich - son, artist. Lives and works in Istanbul, Türkiye.
Kuliev, Akhmat Kaisynovich - son, candidate economic sciences. Lives and works in the city of Nalchik.
Literature|
Art. Rassadin. Kaisyn Kuliev. Literary portrait. Moscow, Fiction, 1974. 158 p.
Zh. Kulieva. To remain in human memory... A collection of articles and memories about Kaisyn Kuliev. Nalchik: Elbrus, 1987.
L. Mkrtchyan. Without you, Kaisyn, and with you. Yerevan: Nairi, 1997, 108 p.
Zh. Kulieva. I lived on this land... Kaisyn Kuliev in documents. Nalchik: Elbrus, 1999.
E. Kulieva. My genius, my angel, my friend. Nalchik: Elbrus, 2002. * ((Kulieva, Elizat Elbaevna (E. Kulieva)). A mind inspired by freedom. Nalchik: Elbrus, 2007.
Municipal educational institution "Secondary school named after. P.P. Gritsaya st. Soldatskaya
Prokhladnensky district of the KBR"
Report
"Creative biography
Kaisyn Kulieva"
Work completed
student of grade 9 "B"
Esina Tatyana Mikhailovna
Teacher: Makarova V.N.
010 – 211 academic year
Kaisyn Kuliev (November 1, 1917 – June 4, 1985) was born and raised in a high-mountain village Upper Chegem Kabardino-Balkarian ASSR in a family of cattle breeder and hunter. His father died when Kaisyn was still a child. IN 1926 went to school in Nizhny Chegem . After graduating from school, he studied at the Pedagogical College in Nalchik, filling thick notebooks with his poems. Kuliev’s first poetic experiments date back to his years of apprenticeship, his first publications to 1933 .
WITH 1935 By 1939 Kaysyn Kuliev studied at State Institute theatrical arts named after A.V. Lunacharsky ( GITIS) And Literary Institute named after. M. Gorky V Moscow. Paying tribute to GITIS, to which he owes an excellent education, Kaisyn Kuliev still considers literature to be his true calling. After finishing his studies in Moscow, he teaches literature at KBGPI. He is fully aware of himself as a poet, writes and publishes a lot, defining for himself the beginning of his literary path.
IN 1938 Kaisyn Kuliev was admitted to the USSR Writers' Union. IN 1940 V Nalchik The first book of lyrics is published on native language “Salaam, erttenlik!” (“Hello, morning!”). Signs of the future are already visible in this collection. great poetry. IN 1939 at the conference of the Union of Writers of Kabardino-Balkaria made his scientific report on development problems Balkar literature.
In June 1940 the poet goes into the army. The Great Patriotic War finds him in the Baltic states. From the middle 1942 Kaisyn Kuliev's poems are published in central printed publications in Russian translations, and are heard on All-Union Radio, gaining a wide readership. In November 1942 after being wounded, Kuliev, at the invitation of A. Fadeev, comes to Moscow, where a creative evening was organized in military Moscow, which was attended by B. Pasternak, K. Simonov, N. Aseev, V. Zvyagintseva, D. Kedrin and others. IN 1943 a collection of poems by Kaisyn Kuliev was nominated for the Stalin Prize, but in connection with the deportation of Balkars to 1944 he was not given this award.
Kaysyn Kuliev fought through difficult front-line roads, experienced the bitterness of losses and injuries. He was a paratrooper and a war correspondent for the newspaper “Son of the Fatherland,” where his combat correspondence and poems were published, which brought him wide recognition. He took part in the battles for the liberation of Moscow, Orla , Rostov , Ukraine , Crimea , Baltic states .
In March 1944 Kaisyn Kuliev learns about illegal deportation Balkar people V Central Asia . In April 1944, having been discharged from the hospital after being wounded and visiting his native Chegem Gorge he went into exile after his people, voluntarily sharing with them their tragic fate.
Kaisyn Kuliev lived for more than ten years in Kyrgyzstan, actively participating in the literary life of the republic, but without the right to publish their own works.
Kaisyn Kuliev absorbed the culture of the East, the traditions of Russian and world classics. How faithful and accurate Boris Pasternak turned out to be when he told Kaisyn Kuliev:
In one of the letters ( 10th of August 1953 ) he wrote to K. Kuliev:
Kaisyn Kuliev considered poets close to himself in spirit and creativity Pushkin , Lermontov , Tyutcheva , Nizami , Fizuli , Pasternak , Tvardovsky , Byron , Verharna , Lorca and others. World poetry gave me the culture without which and outside of which it is impossible to become a poet,” he said.
IN 1956 Kaisyn Kuliev returned to Kabardino-Balkaria . Graduated from the Higher Literary Courses in Moscow. His poetry again takes its rightful place in Russian literature. On Russian And Balkar languages collections of the poet’s poems appear and become the property of millions of readers: “Mountains” ( 1957 ), "Bread and Rose" ( 1957 ), "I came from the mountains" ( 1959 ) and others.
At different times, Kaisyn Kuliev held the following positions: was a member of the Management Board Union of Writers of the USSR , First Secretary of the Board of the Writers' Union of the Kabardino-Balkarian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic, RSFSR, Chairman of the Kabardino-Balkarian Peace Committee.
60s And 70s years are the most fruitful for Kuliev, the time of the highest flowering of creativity. During this period, his collections of poems were published, each of which became a phenomenon in literature: “Fire on the Mountain” ( 1962 ), "Wounded Stone" ( 1964 ), "Book of the Earth" ( 1972 ), "Stars - to burn" ( 1973 ), "Evening" ( 1974 ), "Ears of Ears and Stars" ( 1979 ) and others.
IN 1970 a two-volume publication of the collected works of Kaisyn Kuliev was carried out, in 1976 -1977 years collected works in three volumes (in 1987 posthumous collected works published in three volumes). IN 1975 The book of journalism “So a Tree Grows” was published.
The beginning of the 80s - only five years of life that K. Kuliev was given, despite a serious illness, was fruitful for him. IN 1985 A collection of poems “I’m telling people” was published - the last edition of the poet’s lifetime. He managed to prepare for publication the collections of poems “Man. Bird. Tree." ( 1985 , Lenin Prize , 1990 ), "Live!" ( 1986 ), story“Ride, my donkey!” ( 1986 ) (B. Polevoy Prize, 1986 ), novel “It Was Winter” ( 1987 ). But all these books were published after the poet’s death. They confirmed the enduring artistic significance of Kaisyn Kuliev’s work.
The last years of his life, until his death June 4 1985 K. Kuliev spent in his house in Chegem city , where, according to his will, he is buried. Currently this is the Kaisyn Kuliev Memorial House-Museum ( 1987 ). Things, books, documents, photographs of the poet are stored here. A monument by sculptor M. Tkhakumashev was erected at the grave.
The name of Kaisyn Kuliev is given to: the avenue and the Balkar Drama Theater in Nalchik, street in Chegeme, where the poet’s house-museum is located, a charitable foundation at the museum, a school in village of Nizhny Chegem , peak in the Bashil tract, palace of culture in the city Tyrnyauz (CBD), street in the city Magas (Ingushetia), street and library in Bishkek (Kyrgyzstan), school and museum in India, park in the city Ankara (Türkiye ).
Kaisyn Kuliev was awarded medals of the Patriotic War of the 1st and 2nd degrees, Order of Lenin , two Order of the Red Banner of Labor , orders of the 1st and 2nd degrees. He was assigned State Prize of the RSFSR named after M. Gorky for the book “The Wounded Stone” ( 1966 ); People's Poet of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic (1967); USSR State Prize for the "Book of the Earth" ( 1974 ); Lenin Prize (1990 , posthumously) for the book “Man. Bird. Tree" ( 1985 ), Order of Merit ( 2007 , posthumously) The Republic of Ingushetia , Order of Merit ( 2008 , posthumously) CBD .
Kuliev's works were translated into Russian , Ossetian , Kazakh and many other languages of the peoples of the world.
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Biography, life story of Kuliev Kaisyn Shuvaevich
Kuliev Kaisyn Shuvaevich - outstanding Soviet poet and twentieth-century prose writer.early years
Kaisyn was born on November 1 of the revolutionary year 1917 in the high-mountain village of Verkhniy Chegem in Kabardino-Balkaria. The boy lost his father early, who made his living by raising livestock and hunting.
After graduating from school, Kaisyn decided to continue his studies at a pedagogical college, and for this purpose he went to Nalchik. During this period, shoots appeared in the young man poetic creativity, and he began to write down his first lyrical works in a thick notebook.
The further path of the aspiring poet lay in Moscow, where he became a student at GITIS. Kuliev always recalled with gratitude the years spent within the walls of this famous theater university. As he himself admitted, he did not become an actor for the reason that his heart initially belonged to literature.
War
On the day when Hitler's troops invaded the territory of the USSR, Kaisyn was part of the parachute brigade: he was drafted into the ranks of the Red Army a year earlier. He fought his first battle with the enemy on the lands of Latvia, then fought in Russia. He was wounded and was treated in hospitals for a long time.
Despite this, Kuliev constantly wrote poetry, which was published in newspapers and heard on the radio. He even managed to find time for a small poetry evening, during which he introduced such famous literary masters as Vera Zvyagintseva to his work. The young poet was flattered by their attention to his modest person, as well as by the praise from their lips.
While on the front line, Kuliev saw a lot of grief and torment that were a consequence of the fighting. It would seem that the heart of the front-line soldier had hardened, and nothing could hit him. However, the news of the suffering of his people, who were deported to Central Asia, plunged him into a state of shock. Kaisyn Shuvaevich immediately went home.
CONTINUED BELOW
He understood perfectly well how dangerous a return to his native place could be, but he considered it his duty to share the fate of his fellow countrymen. At that troubled time, Kuliev did not change his poetry: he still worked fruitfully, but his creations were no longer published.
Gone long years oblivion, the so-called “ Khrushchev's thaw", and Kuliev again gained the opportunity to openly convey his lyrical lines to the public. The talented poet received official recognition by becoming a member of the Writers' Union.
Love for neighbors
According to the recollections of people who were lucky enough to be close to Kaisyn Kuliev, he radiated kindness and was patient person. He helped those in need a lot, and his friends knew that he could serve as a support in any difficult situations.
The poet’s son said that once his father was asked to protect one of the convicts from death penalty. The unfortunate man's relatives knew that this was practically impossible, but they had no one else to turn to. Kuliev knew this too, but he could not refuse the inconsolable people. He completed his mission and, surprisingly, achieved a revision of the punishment. Not only the suicide bomber’s relatives, but also Kuliev himself rejoiced like children.
Personal life
Kaisyn Kuliev was married three times and raised four sons.
last years of life
Despite his serious illness, Kaisyn Shuvaevich worked constantly. Those around him had the impression that the poet knew that his end was soon approaching and was trying to throw out all his feelings on paper. He had a lot to tell people and desperately clung to life, realizing that every day could be his last.
The fairy tale "Little Red Riding Hood" is familiar to everyone, but most people know it in a retelling adapted for children. Only a few have read close to original text translation of "Little Red Riding Hood" by Charles Perrault or the Brothers Grimm. But there were also folk versions of this fairy tale, which one would hesitate to call a fairy tale for children.
The plot that formed the basis of the fairy tale “Little Red Riding Hood” was already known in the 14th century. Most likely, it originated in Italy and from there migrated to France. The most severe version of this plot said that the wolf, having met a girl in the forest and found out where she was going, overtook her, killed her grandmother, prepared food from her body, and a drink from her blood, which he treated to the granddaughter who came, while dressing up as a grandmother . Grandmother's cat tried to warn the girl that she was eating her grandmother's remains, but the wolf killed the cat by throwing wooden shoes at her. Then the wolf invites the girl to undress and lie down next to him, and throw her clothes into the fire. The girl does so, asking in surprise why her grandmother has so much hair, such long nails and such big teeth. On last question The wolf replies: “This is to quickly eat you, my child!” and eats the girl.
However, there was a more optimistic version: the girl, realizing that this was not her grandmother at all, outwitted the wolf and ran away.
It was not by chance that the wolf in folk versions spoke human voice and tried to disguise himself as a grandmother. It was not just a wolf, but a werewolf.
Lisa Evans. Little Red Riding Hood and the Wolf
In 1697, the French writer Charles Perrault published the book “Tales of Mother Goose, or Stories and Tales of Bygone Times with Teachings,” which included the legend he processed about the girl and the wolf. In Charles Perrault's version, the girl got a red headdress, but not a cap at all, as in Russian translations, but a chaperon - something like a hood. Perrault left the ending with the death of the girl, and also retained the sexual overtones of the folk tale (in folk tale the wolf forces the girl to undress and lie with him), highlighting it with a moralizing poem. At the same time, the French writer removed naturalistic scenes from the plot.
Next you can read the original version of Charles Perrault's fairy tale "Little Red Riding Hood" (the translation is quoted from Eric Berne's book "Games People Play. People Who Play Games").
Charles Perrault. Little Red Riding Hood
Once upon a time there lived in a distant village a charming little girl. Her mother and grandmother loved her deeply. Her grandmother sewed her a red riding hood, which suited her so well that everyone began to call the girl Little Red Riding Hood.
Harriet Backer. Little Red Riding Hood
Felix Schlesinger. Little Red Riding Hood
One day my mother baked a whole tray of pies and said to her daughter:
Little Red Riding Hood, grandma is sick. Would you take her some pies and a pot of freshly churned butter?
Walter Crane. Little Red Riding Hood
Charles Sillem Lidderdale. Little Red Riding Hood
Maud Humphrey. Little Red Riding Hood
Little Red Riding Hood immediately got up and went to her grandmother. And her grandmother lived in another village, behind a dense, wild forest.
Walking through the forest, she met a wolf. The wolf wanted to eat her, but was afraid because woodcutters were working nearby. So he came up with a plan.
Where are you going, my baby? - asked the wolf.
“To see your grandmother,” said Little Red Riding Hood. “I have a pot of freshly churned butter and some pies for her.”
How far do you have to go? - asked the wolf.
Far away,” answered Little Red Riding Hood. - Her house is quite far from here, the first one on the other side of the forest.
“I also want to visit my grandmother,” said the cunning wolf. - I will take this path, and you will take another. Let's see which of us gets there first.
Emilio Freixas. Little Red Riding Hood and the Wolf
Gabriel Ferrier. Little Red Riding Hood and the Wolf
Jose Cruz Herrera. Little Red Riding Hood and the Wolf
Gustave Dore. Little Red Riding Hood and the Wolf
The wolf ran with all his might along the shortest path, and Little Red Riding Hood went along the longest path. She collected flowers, sang funny songs, played with beautiful butterflies.
Francis John Deffett. Little Red Riding Hood
Meanwhile, the wolf ran to grandma’s house. He knocked on the door twice.
Who's there? - asked Grandma.
Grandmother was lying in bed because she was sick.
Open the door and come in,” she shouted.
The wolf burst into the room. He had not eaten for three whole days and was therefore very hungry. He immediately swallowed Grandma. Then he pulled on his grandmother’s robe, climbed onto the bed and began to wait for Little Red Riding Hood, who after a while came and knocked on the door.
Carol Lawson. Little Red Riding Hood
Isabel Oakley Naftel. Little Red Riding Hood
It’s me, Little Red Riding Hood,” she said. - I brought you some pies and a pot of freshly churned butter.
Open the door and come in,” said the wolf in as gentle a voice as he could.
He pulled the blanket up to his eyes.
“Put your basket on the table and come to me,” said the wolf.
Walter Crane. Little Red Riding Hood and the Wolf
Little Red Riding Hood came closer. She said:
Grandma, what long arms you have!
“This is to hug you better, my dear,” said the wolf.
Grandma, what long ears you have!
This is to hear you better, my dear.
Grandma, what are yours? big eyes!
This is to see you better, my dear.
Grandma, what big teeth you have!
This is to eat you! - said the wolf and swallowed Little Red Riding Hood.
For small children, not without reason
(And especially for girls,
beauties and spoiled girls),
On the way, meeting all kinds of men,
You can’t listen to insidious speeches, -
Otherwise the wolf might eat them.
I said: wolf! There are countless wolves
But there are others between them
The rogues are so savvy
That, sweetly exuding flattery,
The maiden's honor is protected,
Accompany their walks home,
They are escorted bye-bye through dark corners...
But the wolf, alas, is more modest than it seems,
The more cunning and terrible he is!
In 1812, the Brothers Grimm published a collection of fairy tales, which included the updated Little Red Riding Hood. There are many differences from Charles Perrault's version: the motive of the prohibition that the girl violates; the girl is not carrying pies and a pot of butter, but a piece of pie and a bottle of wine; grandmother lives not in another village, but right in the forest; In the end, the grandmother and the girl are saved by the woodcutter, and the wolf dies.
Next you can read the translation of the fairy tale “Little Red Riding Hood” by the Brothers Grimm, made by P. N. Polev.
Brothers Grimm. Little Red Riding Hood
Wow, what a sweet little girl she was! She was sweet to everyone who saw her; well, she was the sweetest and dearest of all to her grandmother, who didn’t even know what to give her, her beloved granddaughter.
She once gave her a red velvet cap, and since this cap suited her very well and she did not want to wear anything else, they began to call her Little Red Riding Hood. So one day her mother said to her: “Well, Little Red Riding Hood, here, take this piece of pie and a bottle of wine and bring it to your grandmother; she is both sick and weak, and this will be good for her. Leave the house before it gets hot, and when you go out, walk smartly and don’t run away from the road, otherwise you’ll probably fall and break the bottle, and then grandma won’t get anything. And when you come to your grandmother, don’t forget to say hello to her, and not just look into all the corners first, and then approach your grandmother.” “I’ll handle everything as it should,” Little Red Riding Hood said to her mother and assured her of that with her word.
Sarah Ellen Sanf. Little Red Riding Hood
And my grandmother lived in the forest itself, half an hour’s walk from the village. And as soon as Little Red Riding Hood entered the forest, she met a wolf. The girl, however, did not know what kind of fierce beast it was, and was not at all afraid of it. “Hello, Little Red Riding Hood,” he said. “Thank you for your kind words, wolf.” - “Where did you go so early, Little Red Riding Hood?” - "To Grandma". - “What are you carrying there under your apron?” - “A piece of pie and wine. Yesterday our mother baked pies, and so she sent them to her sick and weak grandmother to please her and strengthen her.” - “Little Red Riding Hood, where does your grandmother live?” - “And here’s another good quarter of an hour further into the forest, under three old oak trees; That’s where her house stands, surrounded by a hazel hedge. Perhaps you will know now? - said Little Red Riding Hood.
And the wolf thought to himself: “This little, gentle girl will be a nice piece for me, cleaner than an old woman; I need to do this business so cleverly that I get both of them in the wrong.”
So he walked for a while with Little Red Riding Hood next to him and began to say to her: “Look at these glorious flowers that grow all around - look around! Perhaps you can’t even hear the birds singing? You walk as if to school, without looking back; and in the forest, just think, how fun it is!”
Little Red Riding Hood looked up, and as she saw the rays of the sun breaking through the tremulous foliage of the trees, as she looked at the many wonderful flowers, she thought: “What if I brought my grandmother a fresh bunch of flowers, because that would also please her; Now it’s still so early that I can always get to her on time!” And she ran off the road to the side, into the forest, and began picking flowers. As soon as she picks one flower, another beckons her, something even better, and she will run after it, and so she goes further and further into the depths of the forest.
Carl Offterdinger. Little Red Riding Hood
Gary Melchers. Little Red Riding Hood
And the wolf ran straight to grandma’s house and knocked on the door. "Who's there?" - "Little Red Riding Hood; I’m bringing you some pie and wine, open the door!” “Press the latch,” the grandmother shouted, “I’m too weak and can’t get out of bed.”
The wolf pressed the latch, the door swung open, and he entered his grandmother’s hut; He immediately rushed to his grandmother’s bed and swallowed it all at once.
Then he put on his grandmother’s dress and her cap on her head, got into bed and closed the curtains all around.
Little Red Riding Hood, meanwhile, ran and ran for flowers, and when she had collected as many as she could carry, then she again remembered about her grandmother and headed towards her house.
She was very surprised that the door was wide open, and when she entered the room, everything there seemed so strange to her that she thought: “Oh, my God, why am I so scared here today, but I’m always with you?” It was such a pleasure to visit my grandmother!” So she said: “Good morning!”
No answer.
She went up to the bed, pulled back the curtains and saw: grandmother was lying there, and she had pulled her cap down over her nose, and it seemed so strange.
“Grandma, what about grandma? Why do you have such big ears? - “So that I can hear you better.” - “Oh, grandma, your eyes are so big!” - “And this is so that I can look at you better.” - “Grandma, what big hands you have!” - “This is so that I can grab you easier.” - “But, grandma, why do you have such a nasty big mouth?” - “And then so that I can eat you!” And as soon as the wolf said this, he jumped out from under the blanket and swallowed poor Little Red Riding Hood.
Having thus had his fill, the wolf went back to bed, fell asleep, and began to snore as loud as he could.
The hunter was passing by his grandmother’s house just at that time and thought: “Why is this old woman snoring so much, has something happened to her?”
He entered the house, went up to the bed and saw that the wolf had climbed in there. “That’s where I caught you, you old sinner! - said the hunter. “It’s been a long time since I’ve been getting to you.”
And he wanted to kill him with a gun, but it occurred to him that the wolf might have swallowed his grandmother and that she could still be saved; That’s why he didn’t shoot, but took the scissors and began to rip open the sleeping wolf’s belly.
As soon as he opened it, he saw a little red riding hood flashing there; and then he began to cut, and a girl jumped out of there and exclaimed: “Oh, how scared I was, how I fell into the wolf’s dark womb!”
And for Little Red Riding Hood The old grandmother somehow got out and could barely catch her breath.
At this point Little Red Riding Hood quickly brought large stones, which they piled into the wolf’s belly and sewed up the cut; and when he woke up, he wanted to sneak away; but could not bear the burden of the stones, fell to the ground and died.
This made all three happy: the hunter immediately skinned the wolf and went home with it, the grandmother ate the pie and drank the wine that Little Red Riding Hood brought her, and this completely strengthened her, and Little Red Riding Hood thought: “Well, now I’ll never in the forest to run away from high road“I won’t disobey my mother’s orders anymore.”
Tales of Charles Perrault
Another legendary fairy tale by Charles Perrault, included in the golden collection of fairy tales of all times and peoples. A fairy tale about a poor girl whom her mother sent through the forest to take pies and butter to her grandmother. And in the dark and scary forest there were gray wolves, one of which was not at all averse to feasting on a little girl in a red cap. But the wolf was afraid to attack openly, because woodcutters were working nearby and they could severely punish him for this. Then the wolf used a trick - he found out from Little Red Riding Hood where her grandmother lived, ran there faster than her, deceived the old woman and ate her. And then he took her place and began to wait for Little Red Riding Hood. But the girl sensed a catch and began asking leading questions to figure out the wolf. The wolf could not stand it, attacked Little Red Riding Hood and ate her. But the woodcutters passing by heard a noise in the house, looked in, saw a well-fed wolf and punished him to death with their axes. And Little Red Riding Hood and her grandmother crawled out of the belly, safe and alive.
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Once upon a time there lived in a village a little girl, so pretty that there was no better person in the world than her. Her mother loved her deeply, and her grandmother even more.
For her birthday, her grandmother gave her a red riding hood. Since then, the girl went everywhere in her new, elegant red cap.
The neighbors said this about her:
- Here comes Little Red Riding Hood!
One day my mother baked a pie and said to her daughter:
- Go, Little Red Riding Hood, to your grandmother, bring her this pie and a pot of butter and find out if she is healthy.
Little Red Riding Hood got ready and went to her grandmother in another village.
She walks through the forest, and towards her - Gray wolf. He really wanted to eat Little Red Riding Hood, but he didn’t dare - somewhere nearby, woodcutters were banging their axes.
The Wolf licked his lips and asked the girl:
-Where are you going, Little Red Riding Hood?
But Little Red Riding Hood did not yet know how dangerous it was to stop in the forest and talk to wolves. She greeted the Wolf and said:
– I go to my grandmother and bring her this pie and a pot of butter.
– How far does your grandmother live? - asks the Wolf.
“Quite far away,” answers Little Red Riding Hood. - Over there in that village, behind the mill, in the first house on the edge.
“Okay,” says the Wolf, “I also want to visit your grandmother.” I will go along this road, and you go along that one. Let's see which of us comes first.
The Wolf said this and ran as best he could along the shortest path.
And Little Red Riding Hood went on her own long road. She walked slowly, stopping every now and then along the way, picking flowers and collecting them into bouquets.
Before she even had time to reach the mill, the Wolf had already galloped to her grandmother’s house and was knocking on the door:
- Knock Knock!
- Who's there? - asks the grandmother.
“It’s me, your granddaughter, Little Red Riding Hood,” the Wolf answers in a thin voice. “I came to visit you, I brought a pie and a pot of butter.”
And my grandmother was sick at that time and was lying in bed. She thought that it really was Little Red Riding Hood and shouted:
“Pull the string, my child, and the door will open!”
The wolf pulled the string and the door opened.
The Wolf rushed at the grandmother and swallowed her at once. He was very hungry because he had not eaten anything for three days.
Then he closed the door, lay down on grandma’s bed and began to wait for Little Red Riding Hood.
Soon she came and knocked:
- Knock Knock!
- Who's there? - asks the Wolf.
Little Red Riding Hood was scared, but then she thought that her grandmother was hoarse from a cold and that’s why she had such a voice.
“It’s me, your granddaughter,” says Little Red Riding Hood. – I brought you a pie and a pot of butter.
The wolf cleared his throat and said more subtly:
“Pull the string, my child, and the door will open.”
Little Red Riding Hood pulled the string and the door opened.
The girl entered the house, and the Wolf hid under the blanket and said:
“Granddaughter, put the pie on the table, put the pot on the shelf, and lie down next to me.” You're probably very tired.
Little Red Riding Hood lay down next to the wolf and asked:
- Grandma, why do you have such big hands?
- This is to hug you tighter, my child.
- Grandma, why are your eyes so big?
- To see better, my child.
- Grandma, why do you have such big teeth?
- And this is so that I can eat you quickly, my child!
Before Little Red Riding Hood had time to gasp, the evil Wolf rushed at her and swallowed her with her shoes and red cap.
But, fortunately, at that very time, woodcutters with axes on their shoulders passed by the house.
They heard a noise, ran into the house and killed the Wolf. And then they cut open his belly, and Little Red Riding Hood came out, followed by her grandmother, both safe and sound.