The role of glucose in human life. Glucose is a natural energy source

Glucose (or dextrose) is the most important simple sugar, which is part of all important polysaccharides (glycogen, cellulose, dextrin, starch, etc.) and participates in the metabolic processes of the body. This substance belongs to the subclass of monosaccharides of the class of saccharides (carbohydrates) and is colorless crystals that have a sweet taste and are highly soluble in various liquids: water, ammonia solution copper hydroxide, concentrated solutions zinc chloride and sulfuric acid.

Glucose is found in berries and fruit juices, vegetables, various parts plants, as well as in the tissues of living organisms. Thanks to high content in grape fruits (they contain 7.8% glucose), it is also sometimes called grape sugar.

Glucose in the body of animals and humans plays the role of the most important source of energy and ensures the normal course of metabolic processes. Without exception, all cells of living organisms have the ability to absorb it, while only some types are endowed with the ability to use free fatty acids, fructose, lactic acid or glycerol as energy sources.

Glucose is the most common carbohydrate in animal organisms. It is the connecting thread between the energetic and plastic functions of carbohydrates, since it is from glucose that all other monosaccharides are formed, and they are converted into it. In the liver, lactic acid can be converted into glucose, most of the free fatty acids, glycerol, amino acids, glucuronic acid, glycoproteins. This process is called gluconeogenesis. Another conversion method is glycogenolysis. It proceeds through several metabolic chains, and its essence lies in the fact that energy sources that do not have straight path biochemical conversion into glucose, are used by the liver for the synthesis of adenosine triphosphates (ATP) and are subsequently involved in the processes of energy supply of gluconeogenesis (the process of glucose formation in the body by liver cells and, to a small extent, by the renal cortex), resynthesis of glucose from lactic acid, as well as energy ensuring the synthesis of glycogen from glucose monomers.

Over 90% of soluble low molecular weight carbohydrates contained in the blood of living organisms are glucose. The remaining few percent are fructose, maltose, mannose, pentose, protein-bound polysaccharides, and in the event of the development of any pathological processes, also galactose.

The most intensive consumption of glucose in the body occurs in the tissues of the central nervous system, in red blood cells, as well as in the renal medulla.

The main form of glucose storage in the body is glycogen, a polysaccharide formed from its residues. The mobilization of glycogen in the body begins when the amount of free glucose contained in the cells and, consequently, in the blood decreases. Glycogen synthesis occurs in almost all tissues of the body, however, the largest amount is found in the liver and skeletal muscles. The process of glycogen accumulation in muscle tissue begins during periods of recovery after physical activity, especially after eating a meal rich in carbohydrates. In the liver, it accumulates immediately after eating or during hyperglycemia.

However, the energy that is released due to the “burning” of glycogen, in the average person with an average physical development if used carefully enough, it lasts no more than one day. Therefore, glycogen is a kind of “emergency reserve” of the body, designed for emergency situations when, for some reason, the flow of glucose into the blood stops (including during forced night fasts and in the intervals between meals). In such cases, the largest share of glucose consumption in the body occurs in the brain. Glucose is generally the only energy substrate that ensures its vital functions. This is due to the fact that brain cells do not have the ability to synthesize it themselves.

The use of glucose in the body, obtained as a result of the breakdown of glycogen, begins approximately three hours after eating, immediately after which the accumulation process begins again. Glucose deficiency goes away for a person relatively painlessly and without serious negative consequences in cases where its amount can be normalized during the day with the help of nutrition.

Physiological regulation of glucose levels in the body

The body's ability to maintain normal blood glucose concentrations is one of the most advanced mechanisms for maintaining relative constancy internal environment (homeostasis) with which it is endowed. Its normal functioning is ensured by:

Liver;
Individual hormones;
Extrahepatic tissues.

Regulation of blood glucose levels is carried out by the products of 30-40 genes. Thanks to their interaction, the required glucose concentration is maintained even when the foods that are its source are included in the diet irregularly and unevenly.

In the interval between meals, the amount of glucose contained ranges from 80 to 100 mg/100 ml. After a meal (especially one containing a large amount of carbohydrates), this figure is 120-130 mg/100 ml. During periods of fasting, the glucose level in the body drops to 60-70 mg/100 ml. Metabolic decay processes can also contribute to its decrease, especially in stressful situations, with an increase in the level physical activity, as well as with increased body temperature.

Impaired glucose tolerance

Impaired glucose tolerance is a prerequisite for the development of certain diseases (for example, type II diabetes mellitus) or complex dysfunction of the cardiovascular system and metabolic processes (the so-called metabolic syndrome). With disturbances in carbohydrate metabolism and the development of metabolic syndrome, complications may arise that can lead to premature death of a person. Among them, the most common are hypertension and myocardial infarction.

Glucose tolerance, as a rule, is impaired against the background of other pathological processes in the body. This is greatly facilitated by:

level up blood pressure;
elevated cholesterol levels;
elevated triglycerides;
increased levels of low-density lipoproteins;
reducing high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels.

In order to reduce the likelihood of an increase in disorders, patients are recommended to follow a number of measures, including monitoring body weight (in particular, if necessary, reducing it), including healthy food, increasing the level of physical activity, healthy image life.

Glucose is a natural monosaccharide, otherwise called grape sugar.. Contained in some berries and fruits. A large number of The substance is part of grape juice, which is where its name comes from. How is glucose useful for humans, what significance does it have for health?

Importance for the body

Glucose is a colorless substance with a sweet taste that can dissolve in water. Penetrating into the stomach, it is broken down into fructose. Glucose in the human body is needed to carry out photochemical reactions: It transports energy to cells and is involved in the metabolic process.

Useful properties of the crystalline substance:

promotes smooth operation cellular structures;
entering cells, the monosaccharide enriches them with energy, stimulates intracellular interactions, resulting in oxidation and biochemical reactions.

The element can be synthesized independently in the body. Medical products are made on the basis of simple carbohydrates and are intended to replenish its deficiency in the body.

Release form

Grape sugar is produced in different forms:

In tablet form. Glucose tablets are useful for improving overall well-being, increasing physical and mental abilities.
In the form of a solution for placing droppers. Used to normalize water-salt and acid-base balance.
In solution for intravenous injection. Used to increase osmotic pressure, as a diuretic and vasodilator.

Opinions about grape sugar are controversial. Some argue that the substance provokes obesity, others consider it a source of energy, without which a healthy person cannot do a day. What are the benefits and harms of glucose for the body?

Benefit

The substance must always be present in the human circulatory system. Simple carbohydrates penetrate into the internal organs along with food.

Dissolving in the digestive tract, food decomposes into fats, protein compounds and carbohydrates. The latter, in turn, are broken down into glucose and fructose, which, penetrating the bloodstream, spread throughout the cells and internal organs.

Stories from our readers

Vladimir
61 years old

I clean my vessels regularly every year. I started doing this when I turned 30, because the pressure was too low. The doctors just shrugged their shoulders. I had to take charge of my health myself. Different ways I tried it, but one thing helps me especially well...
Read more >>>

The product has positive properties:

participates in metabolic processes. With its deficiency, people feel malaise, loss of strength and drowsiness;
is the main source of energy. By taking a small amount of glucose-containing food, you can restore strength;
normalizes heart function;
used in medical purposes in the treatment of many diseases: hypoglycemia, poisoning, brain pathologies, liver diseases, infectious diseases;
nourishes the brain. This monosaccharide is the main food for the brain. With its deficiency, deterioration of mental abilities and difficulties with concentration may occur;
satisfies the feeling of hunger;
relieves stress.

Carbohydrates can correct psycho-emotional state, improve mood and calm the nervous system.

Harm

Glucose can harm the body. Patients with metabolic disorders, as well as older people, should not abuse foods containing large amounts of carbohydrates. An excess of the substance can lead to negative consequences:

the occurrence of fat deposits, obesity;
metabolic disorder;
disruption of the pancreas, which, in turn, negatively affects the synthesis of insulin;
increased amount of cholesterol in the blood, atherosclerosis;
the formation of blood clots;
the appearance of allergic reactions.

Norm and consequences of deviation

The required level of glucose in the body is 3.4-6.2 mmol/l. Any deviation from acceptable limits may result in severe frustration.

With a deficiency of insulin, a hormone produced by the pancreas, the substance is not absorbed in the body, does not penetrate the cells and is concentrated in the circulatory system. This leads to starvation of cellular structures and their death. This condition is a serious pathology, and in medicine it is called diabetes mellitus.

With an unbalanced diet, long-term diets, as well as under the influence of certain diseases, a person’s blood sugar level may decrease. This threatens the deterioration of mental abilities, anemia, and the development of hypoglycemia. Lack of sugar negatively affects the functioning of the brain and also adversely affects the functioning of the entire body.

An excess of monosaccharide is fraught with the development of diabetes mellitus, damage to the nervous system and visual organs.

Excess substances, penetrating into the bloodstream, have a negative effect on blood vessels, which entails a deterioration in vital functions. important organs. Subsequently, this can lead to atherosclerosis, heart failure, blindness, and kidney pathology.

That is why Glucose-containing foods should be consumed within the permissible norm.

The daily glucose requirement is calculated based on the patient’s weight: a person weighing 70 kg needs 182 g of the substance. To calculate your need for sugar, you need to multiply your body weight by 2.6.

Who is prescribed

In some cases, additional glucose intake is required. More often Experts prescribe the drug in tablets for poor nutrition. In addition, it is used:

during pregnancy, with insufficient fetal weight;
during intoxication with narcotic and chemical drugs;
with a hypertensive crisis, a strong drop in blood pressure, as well as deterioration of the blood supply to certain organs;
to restore the body after poisoning and dehydration resulting from diarrhea and vomiting;
during the recovery period after operations;
when the amount of sugar in the blood drops, hypoglycemia, diabetes mellitus;
for liver pathologies, intestinal infections, increased bleeding;
after prolonged infectious diseases.

Ascorbic acid with glucose is especially useful for a growing organism. A deficiency of the product during the active growth of children can lead to skeletal muscle dystrophy and tooth decay.

Besides, The use of tablets will help replenish lost vitamin C in smokers who lose it during smoking.

Overdose

Exceeding the permissible limit by 4 times can result in very unpleasant consequences for a person’s life. Excessive consumption of sugar and other sugar-containing products may result in flatulence, vomiting, and diarrhea.

An overdose of glucose is extremely dangerous for diabetics, which can cause various complications. You can suspect an excess of an element based on the symptoms:

frequent need to urinate;
heart failure;
visual impairment;
disturbance of consciousness;
dry mouth;
intense thirst;
lethargy, loss of strength;
itching of the skin.

These signs appear, as a rule, in isolated cases of exceeding the dose.

People with diabetes have an increased risk of complications from the disease. Most often, diabetics are concerned about difficult-to-heal wounds, brittle bones, blood clots, muscle pain, and increased cholesterol.

Thus, the blood glucose level should be at a certain level. Any deviations from the norm provoke work disorder endocrine system and metabolic disorders, which, in turn, negatively affect the general condition.

Do you know what glucose is? Surely every reader has an idea about this. But can we say that we know all the properties and features of glucose? The article will be devoted to the consideration of this substance from medical point vision.

Introduction

The second name for glucose is dextrose or grape sugar, as people say. This monosaccharide is one of the main sources of energy for humans. It was only scientifically discovered in 1802 by physician William Prout.

The main reason for the development of this disease lies in the disruption of the pancreas. In order to protect yourself from illness, you should eat foods that lower sugar levels: oatmeal, seafood, blueberry juice, black currants, tomatoes, soy cheese, green tea, meat, fish, lemons, grapefruits, almonds, peanuts , watermelons, garlic and onions.

Hypoglycemia

When there is little monosaccharide in the blood, the body also suffers. After all, what is glucose? This is a necessary substance for the body, like air for the lungs. When there is not enough of it, the body weakens, brain nutrition deteriorates, and a person faints more and more often. Other symptoms also include fatigue, muscle weakness, and poor coordination. The cells of the body do not receive proper nutrition, their division slows down, as does the regeneration process, which can lead to their complete death.

There are several main causes of hypoglycemia. These include a lack of sweets in the diet, cancer, alcohol poisoning, and thyroid dysfunction.

In order to get rid of this disease or carry out prevention, you should review your diet. It is necessary to add products that contain glucose in their natural form.

Benefit

To have full view about what glucose is, it is necessary to consider its main functions - nutrition and saturation with energy of the body. It is this monosaccharide that supports the functioning of the respiratory system, muscle contraction, heartbeat, and the functioning of the nervous system. What other role does glucose play?

It helps activate metabolic processes and is itself easily digestible.
Ensures performance.
Improves memory, learning abilities, nourishes brain cells.
Stimulates cardiac activity.
Helps quickly saturate the body with food.
Affects the normal functioning of the nervous system.
Allows faster recovery of muscle tissue.
Accelerates neutralization toxic substances in the liver.

In addition, glucose is used as component element in antishock drugs, blood substitutes.

Harm

However, for older people, glucose can be very harmful. This is especially true for people who have metabolic disorders. For example, the following complications may occur:

sudden weight gain;
thrombophlebitis;
disruption of the pancreas;
increased cholesterol levels;
allergic reactions;
inflammatory and heart diseases;
arterial hypertension.

Energy from glucose must be fully compensated energy costs on processes in the body.

Sources

We have learned almost everything we can about glucose. The rate of its consumption for each is determined individually. Where to find required amount natural monosaccharide? A lot of this substance is found in animal muscle tissue, berries, starch and fruits. The richest natural source glucose is honey, which contains 80% of this monosaccharide. In addition, it contains fructose, which is no less beneficial for humans. Doctors and nutritionists agree that you should eat foods that will stimulate the body to produce natural sugars, and not revel in refined sugar and confectionery products. It is quite obvious which glucose will be more beneficial for the body. Below is a list of foods that are recommended for consumption:

marmalade;
gingerbread;
dates;
pearl barley porridge;
dried apricots;
raisin;
apple jam;
apricots.

Medical use

Glucose levels in the body can be changed not only by revising your diet. Sometimes they use medicines. At the same time, consuming glucose in the form of tablets during pregnancy is extremely undesirable. You should take medications only if your doctor has approved it. Self-medication can lead to negative consequences. However, pregnant women are often prescribed a monosaccharide if there is a suspicion of low fetal weight.

In medicine, the spectrum of action of this substance is wide. It improves metabolism and promotes redox processes. The active ingredient of the medicine is dextrose monohydrate, that is, the glucose we know with an admixture of other substances.

Just what the doctor ordered

Glucose reactions that healthy person occur automatically, sometimes it is necessary to induce artificially in sick people. Monosaccharide-based drugs are prescribed in the following cases:

hypoglycemia;
the need for carbohydrate nutrition;
recovery period after severe and long-term illnesses;
intestinal infections and liver diseases;
a sharp drop in blood pressure;
experienced shock;
dehydration of the body;
severe intoxication.

Doctors also use glucose in liquid form to administer it parenterally. This is done in several ways:

subcutaneously;
intravenously;
an enema.

Now we know what glucose is, what importance it has for health, and what foods we need to add to our diet so that the body has enough useful substances. Remember that deviations from the norm are always bad. It is better to stick to the golden mean in consuming sweets of natural and artificial origin.

What is glucose? Everyone uses it, but few can define it. This is a substance that the human body needs. People's health depends on the timely supply of glucose.

Carbohydrates, proteins and fats can supply energy to the body. But glucose is a substance that occupies a major place among those used for energy needs.

Definition

Glucose, also called dextrose, is a white or colorless powder that is odorless and has a sweet taste. Glucose is a substance that can be called a universal fuel for the human body. After all most of energy needs are covered precisely by it. It must be present in the blood constantly. But it should be noted that its excess, as well as its deficiency, is dangerous. During hunger, the body feeds on what it is built from. In this case, muscle proteins are converted into glucose. This can be extremely dangerous.

Physical properties of glucose

What is glucose? As stated earlier, it is a colorless, sweet crystalline substance. It dissolves very well in water. Glucose is found in almost all plant organs: flowers, roots, fruits and leaves. A very large amount of glucose is found in ripe berries and fruits, as well as grape juice. It is also present in animal organisms. The proportion of the substance in human blood is approximately one tenth of a percent.

Chemical properties of glucose

What is glucose? This substance belongs to the formula - C6H12O6. If a glucose solution is added to a freshly precipitated solution, a bright blue solution will be obtained. In order to have a complete understanding of the structure of a substance, you need to know how the glucose molecule is built. Since six oxygen atoms are included in functional groups, the carbon atoms that form the backbone of the molecule are bonded directly to each other.

Contains molecules with an open chain of atoms, as well as cyclic ones. What is glucose? This is a substance that has dual chemical nature. It forms esters, oxidizes. A glucose cell can be broken down into two lactic acid cells and free energy. This process is called glycolysis. The glucose molecule exists in three isomeric forms. One of them is linear, and the other two are cyclic.

Glucose and food

Glucose enters the human body along with carbohydrates. After entering the intestines, they are broken down, turning into glucose, which then enters the blood. Some part of the substance is spent on the energy needs of the body, the other is deposited in the form of fat reserves. Some glucose is stored in the form of a substance called glycogen. After food is digested and the flow of glucose into the blood from the intestines stops, the process of converting glycogen and fats back into glucose begins. In this way, the human body maintains a constant level of glucose in the blood. In general, the process of converting fats and proteins into glucose and back takes quite for a long time. But the same process with glucose and glycogen occurs much faster. It is for this reason that glycogen is the main storage carbohydrate.

Hormone regulators

The process of converting glucose into glycogen and vice versa is regulated by hormones. Insulin reduces the concentration of glucose in a person's blood. It is increased by hormones such as adrenaline, glucagon, and cortisol. If any disturbances occur in the passage of such reactions between glycogen and glucose, a person may experience serious illness. One of them is diabetes mellitus.

How to measure blood glucose?

Measuring blood glucose is the main test done to detect diabetes. In venous and capillary blood, glucose levels are different. It can fluctuate due to a person's hunger or satiety. When measured on an empty stomach (at least eight hours after eating), the glucose content in venous blood should be from 3.3 to 5.5 millimoles per liter, and in capillary blood it should be slightly higher - from 4 to 6.1 millimoles per liter. A couple of hours after eating, the level of the substance should not be higher than 7.8 millimoles per liter. This applies to both venous and capillary blood. If within a week, when measuring on an empty stomach, the glucose level does not fall below 6.3 millimoles per liter, you should immediately consult an endocrinologist and conduct additional examination.

Exceeding blood glucose levels

This situation is called hyperglycemia. It develops most often with diabetes mellitus. What can cause an increase in glucose levels? The reason may be:

diabetes;
stress, strong emotional tension;
myocardial infarction;
diseases of the kidneys, pancreas and endocrine system;
moderate physical activity.

Whenever stressful situations Blood glucose may increase. This occurs due to the fact that the human body, responding to similar situation, begins to release stress hormones. And they just increase Hyperglycemia different degrees severity: from mild to moderate to coma when glucose levels exceed 55.5 millimoles per liter.

Low blood glucose

This phenomenon is called hypoglycemia. This is a condition when the concentration of a substance in the blood is less than 3.3 millimoles per liter. What are clinical manifestations hypoglycemia? These may be: muscle weakness, severe sweating, confusion, lack of coordination.

Blood glucose levels decrease due to factors such as:

malnutrition or starvation;
diseases of the liver and pancreas;
strong physical activity;
diseases of the endocrine system;
insulin overdose.

If hypoglycemia is very severe, a person may go into a hypoglycemic coma.

Glucose and medicine

A solution of this substance is used in the treatment large number diseases due to lack of glucose. Some medications are also diluted for them before being injected into a vein.

Glucose is a very necessary substance that plays important role at work human body.

Application

Glucose is very nutritious. Starch contained in food enters the digestive tract and is converted into glucose. From there it spreads throughout the body. Since this substance is very easily absorbed by the body, and also gives it energy as a strengthening remedy.

Since it is sweet, it is also used in confectionery. Glucose is a sugar found in molasses, caramel, marmalade, and gingerbread. In general, all that are called sugars are divided into two types: glucose, fructose. And most often one product contains a mixture of them. An example is table sugar, in which these two substances are found in equal quantities.

It is worth remembering that too much consumption of sweets is harmful to the human body. After all, diseases such as obesity, caries, and diabetes arise. Life is shortened because of this. Therefore, you need to carefully monitor your diet and consume all the necessary substances within normal limits. Then everything will be fine with your health.

The main source of energy for humans is glucose, which enters the body along with carbohydrates and performs many vital functions for the full functioning of the human body. Many people believe that glucose has negative impact, leads to obesity, but from a medical point of view, it is an essential substance that covers the energy needs of the body.

In medicine, glucose can be found under the term “dectose” or “grape sugar”; it must be present in the blood (erythrocytes) and provide for brain cells necessary energy. However, glucose can be dangerous for the human body both in excess and in deficiency. Let's try to become more familiar with glucose, its properties, characteristics, indications, contraindications and other important aspects.

Read in this article:

What is glucose? General information?

Glucose belongs to simple carbohydrates, which are well absorbed by the body, easily dissolve in water, but are practically insoluble in alcohol solutions. In medicine, glucose is produced in the form of a hypertonic or isotonic solution, which is widely used for the complex treatment of many diseases. Glucose itself provides White powder with colorless crystals, having a slightly sweet taste and no odor.

About 60% of glucose enters the human body along with food in the form of complex chemical compounds, among which are polysaccharide starch, sucrose, cellulose, dextrin and a small amount of polysaccharides of animal origin, which take an active part in many metabolic processes.

After carbohydrates enter gastrointestinal tract, they are broken down into glucose, fructose, galactose. Some of the glucose is absorbed into the bloodstream and spent on energy needs. The other part is stored in fat reserves. After the process of digestion of food begins reverse process, in which fats and glycogen begin to be converted into glucose. Thus, there is a constant concentration of glucose in the blood. The glucose content in the blood during normal functioning of the body is considered to be from 3.3 to 5.5 mmol/l.

If the level of glucose in the blood decreases, then a person feels a feeling of hunger, decreases energetic forces, there is a feeling of weakness. A systematic decrease in blood glucose can lead to internal violations and diseases of different localization.

In addition to providing the body with energy, glucose is involved in the synthesis of lipids, nucleic acids, amino acids, enzymes and other beneficial substances.

In order for glucose to be well absorbed by the body, some cells require a pancreatic hormone (insulin), without which glucose will not be able to penetrate the cells. If there is a deficiency of insulin, then most of the glucose is not broken down but remains in the blood, which leads to their gradual death and the development of diabetes mellitus.

The role of glucose in the human body

Glucose takes an active part in many processes of the human body:

participates in important metabolic processes;
considered the main source of energy;
stimulates the functioning of the cardiovascular system;
used in medicinal purposes for the treatment of many diseases: liver pathologies, diseases of the central nervous system, various infections, intoxication of the body and other diseases. Glucose is contained in many cough preparations and blood substitutes;
provides nutrition to brain cells;
eliminates the feeling of hunger;
relieves stress, normalizes the functioning of the nervous system.

Apart from the above benefits of glucose in the human body, it improves mental and physical performance, normalizes work internal organs and improves general state health.

Glucose - indications and contraindications for use

Glucose is often prescribed by doctors different areas medicine, it is available in several pharmaceutical forms: tablets, solution for intravenous administration, 40 each; 200 or 400 mil. Main indications for prescribing glucose:

liver pathologies: hepatitis, hypoglycemia, liver dystrophy, liver atrophy;
pulmonary edema;
treatment of chronic alcoholism, drug addiction or other intoxications of the body;
collapse and anaphylactic shock;
decompensation of cardiac functionality;
infectious diseases;

Glucose for the treatment of the above diseases is often used in complex treatment with other drugs.

Contraindications - for whom glucose is dangerous

Besides positive qualities glucose, it is like any other medicinal product has several contraindications:

diabetes;
hyperglycemia;
anuria;
severe stages of dehydration;
increased sensitivity to glucose.

If glucose is contraindicated for the patient, then the doctor prescribes an isotonic sodium chloride solution.

What foods contain glucose?

The main source of glucose is food, which must be fully supplied to the human body, providing it with the necessary substances. A large amount of glucose is found in natural juices of fruits and berries. Contains large amounts of glucose:

grapes of different varieties;
cherry, sweet cherry;
raspberries;
Strawberry wild-strawberry;
plum;
watermelon;
carrots, white cabbage.

Considering that glucose is a complex carbohydrates, it is not found in products of animal origin. A small amount of it is found in eggs, fermented milk products, bee honey, and some seafood.

When is glucose prescribed?

Glucose preparations are often prescribed by doctors in the form of intravenous infections for various violations and body ailments:

physical exhaustion of the body;
recovery energy balance– typical for athletes;
medical indicators during pregnancy – oxygen starvation fetus, chronic fatigue;
hypoglycemia - decreased blood sugar levels;
infectious diseases of various etiologies and localizations;
liver diseases;
hemorrhagic diathesis - increased bleeding;
shock, collapse - a sharp decrease in blood pressure.

The dose of the drug and the course of treatment are prescribed by the doctor individually for each patient, depending on the diagnosis and characteristics of the body.

Glucose fermentation

Fermentation or fermentation provides complex biochemical process, during which the breakdown of complex organic matter to simpler ones.

Fermentation with the participation of glucose occurs under the influence of certain microorganisms, bacteria or yeast, this allows you to obtain a different product. During fermentation, sucrose is converted into glucose and fructose, and other ingredients are added.

For example, to make beer, malt and hops are added, vodka - cane sugar followed by distillation, and wine - grape juice and natural yeast. If the fermentation process occurs at all stages, then dry wine or light beer is obtained, but if fermentation is stopped prematurely, then sweet wine and dark beer are obtained.

The fermentation process consists of 12 stages, in which you must adhere to all the rules and regulations for the preparation of a particular drink. Therefore, such procedures must be carried out by specialists with certain skills and knowledge.

Blood glucose levels have a great impact on human health, so doctors recommend periodically taking laboratory blood tests to check blood sugar levels, this will help monitor internal environment body.