Who wrote a good attitude towards horses. Vladimir Vladimirovich Mayakovsky

The hooves beat
It was as if they sang:
- Mushroom.
Rob.
Coffin.
Rough-
Experienced by the wind,
shod with ice
the street was slipping.
Horse on croup
crashed
and immediately
behind onlooker onlooker,
Kuznetsky came to flare his pants,
huddled together
laughter rang and tinkled:
- The horse fell!
- The horse fell! —
Kuznetsky laughed.
There's only one me
did not interfere with his howl.
Came up
and I see
horse eyes...

The street has turned over
flows in its own way...

I came up and saw -
Behind the chapels of the chapels
rolls down the face,
hiding in the fur...

And some general
animal melancholy
splashes poured out of me
and blurred into a rustle.
“Horse, don’t.
Horse, listen -
Why do you think that you are worse than these?
Baby,
we are all a little bit of a horse,
Each of us is a horse in our own way.”
May be,
- old -
and didn't need a nanny,
maybe my thought seemed to go well with her,
only
horse
rushed
got to her feet,
neighed
and went.
She wagged her tail.
Red-haired child.
The cheerful one came,
stood in the stall.
And everything seemed to her -
she's a foal
and it was worth living,
and it was worth the work.

Analysis of the poem “Good attitude towards horses” by Mayakovsky

Poem " Good attitude to the horses" - shining example creative originality of Mayakovsky's talent. The poet was complex controversial personality. His works did not fit into accepted standards. IN Tsarist Russia The futurist movement was sharply condemned. Mayakovsky warmly welcomed the revolution. He believed that after coup d'etat people's lives will change dramatically, and incomparably better side. The poet longed for change not so much in politics as in human consciousness. His ideal was purification from all prejudices and remnants of bourgeois society.

But already the first months of existence Soviet power showed that the vast majority of the population remained the same. The change of regime did not produce a revolution in human consciousness. Misunderstanding and dissatisfaction with the results grows in Mayakovsky’s soul. Subsequently, this will lead to a severe mental crisis and suicide of the poet.

In 1918, Mayakovsky wrote the poem “Good attitude towards horses,” which stands out from general series works of praise created in the first days of the revolution. At a time when the essential foundations of the state and society are being destroyed, the poet turns to strange topic. He describes his personal observation: an exhausted horse fell on the Kuznetsky Bridge, which immediately attracted a crowd of onlookers.

Mayakovsky is amazed by the situation. The country is undergoing tremendous changes that influence the course of world history. A new world is being built. Meanwhile, the crowd's focus is on a fallen horse. And the saddest thing is that none of the “builders of the new world” are going to help the poor animal. There is deafening laughter. Of all huge crowd One poet feels sympathy and compassion. He is able to truly see the “horse’s eyes” filled with tears.

In circulation lyrical hero The main idea of the work is based on the horse. The indifference and heartlessness of people led to the fact that man and animal changed places. The horse is burdened hard work, she is on general principles with a person contributes to a joint difficult task. People show their animal nature by mocking her suffering. For Mayakovsky, the horse becomes closer and dearer than the “human garbage” surrounding him. He addresses the animal with kind words support, which recognizes that “we are all a little bit of a horse.” Human participation gives the horse strength, it gets up on its own and continues on its way.

Mayakovsky in his work criticizes people for callousness and indifference. He believes that only mutual support and assistance will help his fellow citizens overcome all difficulties and not lose their humanity.

“Good attitude towards horses” Vladimir Mayakovsky

The hooves beat
It was as if they sang:
- Mushroom.
Rob.
Coffin.
Rough-
Experienced by the wind,
shod with ice
the street was slipping.
Horse on croup
crashed
and immediately
behind the onlooker there is an onlooker,
Kuznetsky came to flare his pants,
huddled together
laughter rang and tinkled:
- The horse fell!
- The horse fell! —
Kuznetsky laughed.
There's only one me
did not interfere with his howl.
Came up
and I see
horse eyes...

The street has turned over
flows in its own way...

I came up and saw -
Behind the chapels of the chapels
rolls down the face,
hiding in the fur...

And some general
animal melancholy
splashes poured out of me
and blurred into a rustle.
“Horse, don’t.
Horse, listen -
Why do you think that you are worse than these?
Baby,
we are all a little bit of a horse,
Each of us is a horse in our own way.”
May be,
- old -
and didn't need a nanny,
maybe my thought seemed to go well with her,
only
horse
rushed
got to her feet,
neighed
and went.
She wagged her tail.
Red-haired child.
The cheerful one came,
stood in the stall.
And everything seemed to her -
she's a foal
and it was worth living,
and it was worth the work.

Analysis of Mayakovsky’s poem “Good attitude towards horses”

Despite his wide popularity, Vladimir Mayakovsky felt like a kind of social outcast all his life. The poet made his first attempts to understand this phenomenon back in adolescence, when he earned his living by publicly reading poetry. He was considered a fashionable futurist writer, but few could have imagined that behind the rude and defiant phrases that the author threw into the crowd, there was a very sensitive and vulnerable soul. However, Mayakovsky knew how to perfectly disguise his emotions and very rarely succumbed to the provocations of the crowd, which sometimes disgusted him. And only in poetry could he allow himself to be himself, splashing out on paper what was sore and boiling in his heart.

The poet greeted the 1917 revolution with enthusiasm, believing that now his life would change for the better. Mayakovsky was convinced that he was witnessing the birth of a new world, more just, pure and open. However, very soon he realized that political system changed, but the essence of people remained the same. And it doesn’t matter which one social class they treated it because cruelty, stupidity, treachery and mercilessness were inherent in the majority of representatives of his generation.

IN new country trying to live according to the laws of equality and brotherhood, Mayakovsky felt quite happy. But at the same time, the people who surrounded him often became the subject of ridicule and sarcastic jokes of the poet. This was a kind of defensive reaction of Mayakovsky to the pain and insults that were caused to him not only by friends and relatives, but also by random passers-by or restaurant visitors.

In 1918, the poet wrote the poem “Good Treatment of Horses,” in which he compared himself to a hunted nag, which became the subject of universal ridicule. According to eyewitnesses, Mayakovsky actually witnessed an unusual incident on the Kuznetsky Bridge, when an old red mare slipped on the icy pavement and “fell on her rump.” Dozens of onlookers immediately came running, pointing their fingers at the unfortunate animal and laughing, as its pain and helplessness gave them obvious pleasure. Only Mayakovsky, passing by, did not join the joyful and hooting crowd, but looked into the horse’s eyes, from which “behind the drops of droplets rolls down the muzzle, hiding in the fur.” The author is struck not by the fact that the horse cries just like a human, but by a certain “animal melancholy” in its look. Therefore, the poet mentally turned to the animal, trying to cheer him up and console him. “Baby, we are all a little bit of a horse, each of us is a horse in our own way,” the author began to persuade his unusual interlocutor.

The red mare seemed to feel the participation and support from the person, “rushed, stood up, neighed and walked.” Simple human sympathy gave her the strength to cope with difficult situation, and after such unexpected support, “everything seemed to her - she was a foal, and it was worth living, and it was worth working.” It was precisely this kind of attitude from people towards himself that the poet himself dreamed of, believing that even ordinary attention to his person, not covered in the halo of poetic glory, would give him strength to live and move forward. But, unfortunately, those around him saw Mayakovsky primarily as a famous writer, and no one was interested in him inner world, fragile and contradictory. This depressed the poet so much that for the sake of understanding, friendly participation and sympathy, he was ready to happily change places with the red horse. Because among the huge crowd of people there was at least one person who showed compassion for her, something that Mayakovsky could only dream of.

Topic: From the literature of the 20th century

Lesson: Poem by V.V. Mayakovsky "Good attitude towards horses"

Tall, broad-shouldered, with courageous and sharp features, Mayakovsky was actually very kind, gentle and vulnerable person. He loved animals very much (Fig. 1).

It is known that he could not pass by a stray cat or dog, he picked them up and placed them with friends. One day, 6 dogs and 3 cats lived in his room at the same time, one of which soon gave birth to kittens. The landlady ordered this menagerie to be immediately closed, and Mayakovsky hastily began to look for new owners for the pets.

Rice. 1. Photo. Mayakovsky with a dog ()

One of the most heartfelt declarations of love for “our smaller brothers” - perhaps in all world literature - we will find in Mayakovsky:

I love animals.

You will see a little dog -

there's one at the bakery -

complete baldness -

and then I’m ready to get the liver.

I don't feel sorry, darling

From the biography of V. Mayakovsky, we know that he studied in Moscow at the School of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture, and at the same time was interested in a new direction in art, called FUTURISM, and socialist ideas.

Futurism(from Latin futurum - future) - common name artistic avant-garde movements of the 1910s - early 1920s. XX century, primarily in Italy and Russia. The manifesto of the Russian futurists was called “A Slap in the Face of Public Taste” (1912)

Futurists believed that literature should seek new themes and forms. According to them, modern poet must defend his rights. Here is their list:

1. To increase the vocabulary in its volume with arbitrary and derivative words (word-innovation)

2. An insurmountable hatred of the language that existed before them

3. With horror, remove from your proud brow the wreath of penny glory you made from the bath brooms

4. Stand on the rock of the word “we” amid a sea of whistles and indignation

Futurists experimented with words, creating their own neologisms. So, for example, the futurist Khlebnikov came up with the name of the Russian futurists - Budutlyans (people of the future).

For participation in revolutionary circles, Mayakovsky was arrested three times, last time Spent 11 months in prison. It was during this period that Mayakovsky decided to take literature seriously. In Aseev’s poem “Mayakovsky Begins” (Fig. 2), this period of the poet’s life is described in the following words:

Rice. 2. Illustration for Aseev’s poem “Mayakovsky Begins” ()

And here he comes out:

big, long-legged,

splashed

glacial rain,

under the wide-brimmed

sagging hat

under a cloak polished by poverty.

There's no one around.

Only prison is behind us.

Lantern to lantern.

Not a penny for my soul...

Only Moscow smells

hot rolls,

let the horse fall

breathing sideways.

The mention of a horse in this passage is not accidental. One of best poems early Mayakovsky became Poem "Good attitude towards horses"(Fig. 3).

Rice. 3. Illustration for Mayakovsky’s poem “Good attitude towards horses” ()

Plot it was prompted by life itself.

Once V.V. Mayakovsky witnessed a street incident that was not uncommon in the famine-stricken Moscow of 1918: an exhausted horse fell onto the icy pavement.

June 9, 1918 in the Moscow edition of the newspaper “ New life» No. 8 a poem by V.V. was published. Mayakovsky "Good attitude towards horses."

The poem is unusual in form and content. Firstly, the stanza is unusual when poetic line breaks and the continuation is written on a new line. This technique was called “Mayakovsky’s ladder” and was explained by him in the article “ How to make poetry?" The poet believed that such a recording gives the poem the necessary rhythm.

Images in Mayakovsky’s poem “Good attitude towards horses.”

Horse

Street (crowd)

Lyrical hero

1. Horse on the croup

crashed

2. Behind the chapels of the chapels

rolls down the face,

hiding in the fur...

rushed

got to her feet,

3. Red-haired child.

The cheerful one came,

stood in the stall.

And everything seemed to her -

she's a foal

and it was worth living,

and it was worth the work.

1. Experienced by the wind,

shod with ice,

the street was slipping

2. Behind the onlooker, onlooker,

Kuznetsky came to flare his pants,

huddled together

the laughter rang and jingled

3. The street overturned

flows in its own way...

1. Kuznetsky laughed.

2. And some general

animal melancholy

splashes poured out of me

and blurred into a rustle.

"Horse, don't.

Horse, listen -

Why do you think that you are worse than them?

we are all a little bit of a horse,

Each of us is a horse in our own way."

A horse is a symbol of a lonely living soul that needs support and sympathy. It is also a symbol of persistent character, the horse has found the strength to rise and live on.

The street is a hostile, indifferent, cold and cruel world.

Conclusion: in the poem Mayakovsky raises moral problem cruelty and indifference of the world towards a living soul. However, despite this, the idea of the poem is optimistic. If the horse found the strength to rise and stand in the stall, then the poet draws a conclusion for himself: no matter what, it’s worth living and working.

Means of artistic expression

Expanded metaphor. Unlike a simple metaphor, an expanded one contains a figurative resemblance to a certain life phenomenon and is revealed throughout the segment or the entire poem.

For example:

1. Experienced by the wind,

shod with ice,

the street was slipping.

2. And some general

animal melancholy

splashes poured out of me

and blurred into a rustle.

Stylistic devices: assonance and alliteration. These are phonetic techniques that allow you to draw or convey an event with sounds.

Assonance:

The horse fell! -

With the help of vowels, the poet conveys the cry of the crowd, or perhaps the neighing of a horse, its cry. Or the cry of a lyrical hero? These lines sound pain, moaning, anxiety.

Alliteration:

huddled together

the laughter rang and jingled

With the help of consonants, the poet conveys the unpleasant laughter of the crowd. The sounds are annoying, like the squeak of a rusty wheel.

Onomatopoeia- one of the types of sound recording: the use of phonetic combinations that can convey the sound of the described phenomena

For example:

Hooves struck.

It was as if they sang:

By using two-syllable and one-syllable words with repeated sounds, the poet creates the sound effect of a galloping horse.

Features of rhyme

V. Mayakovsky was in many ways a pioneer, reformer, and experimenter. His poem “Being Good to Horses” surprises with its richness, variety and originality of rhyme.

For example:

Truncated, inaccurate: worse - horse, onlooker - tinkled

Unequally complex: in wool - in a rustle, stall - stood

Composite: howl to him - in your own way

Homonymous: went - short adjective and went - verb.

Thus, the author uses various literary devices to create a bright, emotional picture that will not leave anyone indifferent. This feature is inherent in all of Mayakovsky’s work. Mayakovsky saw his purpose, first of all, in influencing readers. That is why M. Tsvetaeva called him “the world’s first poet of the masses,” and Platonov “the master of the universal great life.”

Bibliography

Korovina V.Ya. Didactic materials on literature. 7th grade. — 2008.
Tishchenko O.A. Homework in literature for grade 7 (to the textbook by V.Ya. Korovina). — 2012.
Kuteinikova N.E. Literature lessons in 7th grade. — 2009.

Homework

Expressively read the poem by V. Mayakovsky “Good attitude towards horses.” What is special about the rhythm of this poem? Was it easy for you to read? Why?
Find the author's words in the poem. How are they educated?
Find examples of extended metaphor, hyperbole, pun, assonance, and alliteration in the poem.
Find the lines that express the idea of the poem.

Vladimir Vladimirovich Mayakovsky

The hooves beat
It was as if they sang:
- Mushroom.
Rob.
Coffin.
Rough-

Experienced by the wind,
shod with ice
the street was slipping.
Horse on croup
crashed
and immediately
behind the onlooker there is an onlooker,
Kuznetsky came to flare his pants,
huddled together
laughter rang and tinkled:
- The horse fell!
- The horse fell! —
Kuznetsky laughed.
There's only one me
did not interfere with his howl.
Came up
and I see
horse eyes...

The street has turned over
flows in its own way...

I came up and saw -
Behind the chapels of the chapels
rolls down the face,
hiding in the fur...

Despite his wide popularity, Vladimir Mayakovsky felt like a kind of social outcast all his life. The poet made his first attempts to understand this phenomenon in his youth, when he earned his living by publicly reading poetry. He was considered a fashionable futurist writer, but few could have imagined that behind the rude and defiant phrases that the author threw into the crowd, there was a very sensitive and vulnerable soul. However, Mayakovsky knew how to perfectly disguise his emotions and very rarely succumbed to the provocations of the crowd, which sometimes disgusted him. And only in poetry could he allow himself to be himself, splashing out on paper what was sore and boiling in his heart.

The poet greeted the 1917 revolution with enthusiasm, believing that now his life would change for the better. Mayakovsky was convinced that he was witnessing the birth of a new world, more just, pure and open. However, very soon he realized that the political system had changed, but the essence of the people remained the same. And it didn’t matter what social class they belonged to, since cruelty, stupidity, treachery and mercilessness were inherent in the majority of representatives of his generation.

In a new country, trying to live according to the laws of equality and brotherhood, Mayakovsky felt quite happy. But at the same time, the people who surrounded him often became the subject of ridicule and sarcastic jokes of the poet. This was a kind of defensive reaction of Mayakovsky to the pain and insults that were caused to him not only by friends and relatives, but also by random passers-by or restaurant visitors.

The red mare seemed to feel the participation and support from the person, “rushed, stood up, neighed and walked.” Simple human sympathy gave her the strength to cope with a difficult situation, and after such unexpected support, “everything seemed to her - she was a foal, and it was worth living, and it was worth working.” It was precisely this kind of attitude from people towards himself that the poet himself dreamed of, believing that even ordinary attention to his person, not covered in the halo of poetic glory, would give him strength to live and move forward. But, unfortunately, those around him saw Mayakovsky primarily as a famous writer, and no one was interested in his inner world, fragile and contradictory. This depressed the poet so much that for the sake of understanding, friendly participation and sympathy, he was ready to happily change places with the red horse. Because among the huge crowd of people there was at least one person who showed compassion for her, something that Mayakovsky could only dream of.

The young futurist poet created Vladimir Mayakovsky’s poem “Good Treatment of Horses” after the revolution, in 1918. Feeling like an outcast in the society around him, Mayakovsky accepted the revolution with great enthusiasm, hoping for significant changes, both in his life and in the life of ordinary people, however, he soon became disillusioned with her ideals, concluding for himself that although the political system had undergone changes, the majority of people remained the same. Stupidity, cruelty, treachery and ruthlessness remained the priority of the majority of representatives of almost all social classes, and it was impossible to do anything about it. The new state, promoting the primacy of equality and justice, was to Mayakovsky’s liking, but the people around him, who caused him suffering and pain, often received in response his evil ridicule and caustic jokes, which acted as defensive reaction young poet to the insults of the crowd.

Problems of the work

The poem was created by Mayakovsky after he himself witnessed how “a horse fell on its croup” on the icy pavement of the Kuznetsky Bridge. In his characteristic straightforward manner, he shows the reader how this happened and describes how the crowd who came running reacted to this, for which this incident seemed very comical and funny: “the laughter rang and tinkled: - The horse fell! The horse has fallen! “Kuznetsky laughed.”

And only one author, who happened to be passing nearby, did not want to become part of the crowd hooting and making fun of the poor creature. He was struck by the “animal melancholy” that lurked in the depths of the horse’s eyes, and he wanted to somehow support and cheer up the poor animal. Mentally, he asked her to stop crying and consoled her with the words: “Baby, we are all a little bit of a horse, each of us is a horse in our own way.”

And the red mare, as if feeling and understanding his kindness and warm participation in her destiny, rises to her feet and moves on. The words of support that she received from a random passer-by give her the strength to overcome her problems, she again feels young and energetic, ready to continue the difficult, sometimes backbreaking hard labor: “And everything seemed to her - she was a foal, and it was worth living, and it was worth working "

Composition and artistic techniques

To convey the atmosphere of tragic loneliness, the author uses various artistic techniques: sound writing (transmitting a description of an object through the sounds it makes) - the sound of horse hooves “mushroom, rake, coffin, rough”, alliteration - repetition of consonant sounds [l], [g], [r], [b] to create a sound for readers pictures of a horse clopping along the city pavement, assonance - the repetition of vowel sounds [u], [i], [a] helps to convey the sounds of the crowd “The horse has fallen! The horse has fallen!”, horse cries of pain and screams of onlookers.

The use of neologisms (kleshit, kaplishche, opita, ploshe) as well as vivid metaphors (the street overturned, melancholy poured out, laughter rang out) gives special sensuality and originality to Mayakovsky’s work. The poem is rich in various rhymes:

Truncated inaccurate(bad - horse, onlooker - tinkling), according to Mayakovsky, it led to unexpected associations, the appearance of atypical images and ideas, which he really liked;
Unequally complex(wool - rustling, stall - standing);
Composite(howl to him - in my own way, I alone - the horses);
Homonemic(went - adjective, went - verb).

Mayakovsky compared himself to this driven, old horse, whose problems are laughed at and mocked by everyone who is too lazy. Like this red working mare, he needed simple human participation and understanding, dreamed of the most ordinary attention to his personality, which would help him live, give him strength, energy and inspiration to move forward along his difficult and sometimes very thorny creative path.

It’s a pity, but the poet’s inner world, distinguished by its depth, fragility and contradictions, was of no particular interest to anyone, not even his friends, which later led to tragic death poet. But in order to get at least a little friendly participation, to earn simple human understanding and warmth, Mayakovsky was not even against changing places with an ordinary horse.