So my best feelings are deceived forever by you. Analysis of the poem “The Beggar” by Lermontov

Post-anniversary thoughts about one letter of Mikhail Lermontov

In Lermontov's year, how can one not say about Lermontov!.. But the more closely you look at Lermontov's hasty pencil, the more consciously you tighten the pause. You are silent in front of the poet’s name, awkwardly making excuses either for “a pile of material” or for the autumn cold blues. And all this until you come to one completely logical question: do you even know anything about Lermontov?

And not about the one highlighted in a special paragraph “ creative path" speech. No, willy-nilly you just think about Lermontov’s letter. About the letter - in the literal sense. And thinking at least a little, you spread your arms to the sides. “It’s solemn and wonderful in heaven.” What powerful minds in Lermontov’s encyclopedia, for example, bent over this one line, their whole lives devoted to his genius! And he, who lived in the world until the bright windows of a Pyatigorsk house (“Branches of flowering cherry trees look into my windows, and the wind sometimes lulls my desk their white petals"), again and again approaches in our imagination with a smile at the foot of Mashuk. And we - for the umpteenth time! - we knock with our hearts on the hologram of the past, in the hope of becoming closer to the poet, learning from him something new, still unknown - about himself, about us and about the world.

With such a decisive ignorance of Lermontov, with the incessant thought of where the tombstone with the name “Mikhail” has gone, I decide to approach one Lermontov word, which is composed of one letter. In the poem “The Beggar,” written in pencil on a piece of gray paper in the Trinity-Sergius Lavra, there is perhaps the most significant union in all of Russian poetry:

He only asked for bread,
And the gaze revealed living torment,
And someone laid a stone
Into his outstretched hand.

It is known that Elizaveta Alekseevna Arsenyeva, the poet’s maternal grandmother, made a walking pilgrimage to the Trinity in the summer of 1830 in order to serve a prayer service for her tragically deceased brother. Lermontov also went with her on the seventy-kilometer journey. And I heard the words of a beggar spoken from the porch of the temple. “God send you happiness, good gentlemen; but the other day... they laughed at me: they laid a cup full of pebbles. God be with them! Even junior schoolchildren know that the famous Lermontov line about a stone placed in a palm awaiting help means figuratively deception of hope, disappointment.

But the question is: why does the poet choose coordinating conjunction“and” instead of the adversative “but”? The beggar waits for alms, hopes for human help, but someone’s evil will receives ridicule in the form of a stone. He waited, but did not wait. He hoped and believed, but was cruelly deceived. Outstanding Artist would have captured, most likely, opposition rather than connection into speech construction. But not the brilliant Lermontov!

Refusing, apparently intuitively, from the obvious verbal choice, the sixteen-year-old boy also refuses the obvious outcome of thought. Within the holy confines of the Trinity-Sergius Lavra, he relies on heavenly providence in language, trusting in an unknown impulse. The sinner is torn out human language, and the prophet begins to appeal to people in an inhuman, higher, heavenly language. Lermontov invests in just one serving particle of speech a colossal experience of free spiritual insight. Perhaps instantaneous, born of a flash of invisible tears, and it may well be years - or centuries! - sprouted, like a grain, in his soul and heart. Even before birth.

“And someone laid a stone...” We see Pechorin’s eyes, never smiling, behind this “and”, unearthly in its power of influence; we learn "empty and stupid joke“and - to the point of goosebumps - we feel the “cold attention” of the author’s gaze; through pain and shame we hear Lermontov’s farewell to “ unwashed Russia" Resolution of the dispute - wrote or did not write great poet devastatingly true lines in Last year of their lives, shining through, like X-ray rays, Russian reality through and through—isn’t that also hidden here, in the only “and” possible for Lermontov? The usual thing happened. Stone instead of soul is common, deception instead of truth is common, cruelty instead of pity is common. The stylistic and cosmic sound of the masterpiece created in the Trinity-Sergius Lavra is absolutely on par with the eight-line sentence-farewell. And it is not proper for us to deny the sadness of our unsettled Russian way. It is not proper to correct Lermontov by denying him the right to a woeful postscript. After all, for this most homeless sadness, as one philosopher admitted, it would not be a pity to give him all the prosperous happiness of the West...

Without setting up a preacher's pulpit, but humbly kneeling in front of a chair and barely keeping up with the voice from above in his beaded handwriting (“The Beggar” was written just like that, fluently), Lermontov seems to be taking an inexhaustibly multidimensional image from the Sermon on the Mount. But not all sadness and disappointment are concentrated in Lermontov’s prophetic letter. Just as sometimes on autumn nights one can discern the starry sky behind a veil of clouds, so too, behind the poetic clasp, future meanings are revealed.

In the poem “The Beggar” there is, it seems to me, something that is not there. Not for the time being. What each of us, readers, does not want or cannot, does not know how to notice for the time being. The author's aspiration that is not directly stated may not be clear to the author himself. Stronger than stone, more expensive than gold. He has faith. Let deception weigh heavily on the scale of our destinies, let the most defenseless feeling in the world - love - be ridiculed and dressed in clownish sequins, but the one asking still holds out his battered vessel, believing in help - human and Divine. And the truth comes, and it turns out to be the strongest loving heart. The appearance of Lermontov himself, which is “lighter than azure,” is completely reflected here. And the poet no longer looks “with cold attention” from his distant romantic distance, but with the heat of sympathy and complicity: “I, Mother of God,//Now with prayer//Before Your image,//Bright radiance...”

Two centuries have passed since the birth of Mikhail Lermontov. And the cracked wooden cup is still intact, becoming more and more like a pan of universal scales. What will win? What will outweigh?

...Yesterday I just retold the story of “The Beggar” to the students, and mentioned Sushkova, accidentally calling her Alexandra. And then one girl corrects me: Ekaterina, her name was Ekaterina Sushkova. It turns out that my excellent first-year student managed to visit Tarkhany. That was my happiest ignorance in my life. And I suddenly thought: what happens is that pure gold, without a price, falls into a cup...

Photo from open internet sources

Newspaper " Orthodox faith» No. 22 (522)

Poem from 1830. Dedicated to the girl Sushkova, with whom Lermontov was deeply in love. The poem was written after Lermontov’s visit to the Trinity-Sergius Lavra. One of Lermontov's key poems. It conveys the poet’s terrible dependence on success in love and the attention of the weaker sex. It’s strange, but the poem, written at a young age, echoes one of Lermontov’s last poems - “No, it’s not you that I love so ardently...” So he lived his life as an ardent person, enthusiastic, believing in love. And the mask of the indifferent cynic Pechorin, which Lermontov sometimes put on himself, did not suit the poet at all. The true Lermontov is here.

At the gates of the saint's monastery
Standing begging for alms
The poor man is withered, barely alive
From hunger, thirst and suffering.

He only asked for a piece of bread,
And the gaze revealed living torment,
And someone laid a stone
into his outstretched hand.

So I prayed for your love
With bitter tears, with longing;
So my best feelings
Deceived by you forever!

Reviews

*
You are unhappy in your love.
Looks like a beggar with a stick.
But don’t shed a man’s tears in vain.
I would be unhappy with you.

You'd be lost there forever
Where are the wars in the Borodino field?
I would indulge in dreams.
And everything would be so low for us.

I'd rather marry the one
Who will wash my feet in a basin for me?
And we feed the beggars with beebread.
So it's smarter for us to save...
*
With respect to M.Yu. Lermontov,

I'll even tell you more...
The poet Mikhail Lermontov often turned to the spiritual aspects of life in his work. It is known that he was a fairly devout person, although he was skeptical about religion, believing that it was it that made people submissive, forced them to endure humiliation and suffering instead of defending their interests. However, it is known for certain that during his short service During his vacations, Lermontov often made pilgrimages to various monasteries, trying to learn humility, which he was deprived of by nature. In the summer of 1830, together with friends, among whom was the poet’s beloved Ekaterina Sushkova, Lermontov visited the Trinity-Sergius Lavra, after which he wrote the poem “The Beggar.”
There is a version that it was based on real facts, although subsequently Ekaterina Sushkova repeatedly denied this information. One way or another, it was her act that served as the reason for the creation of this work, striking in its depth and cruelty of the surrounding world. In a poem we're talking about that on the porch near the holy monastery the poet met a beggar who really needed alms. “The poor man, withered, barely alive from hunger, thirst and suffering,” wanted to get some money or food, but instead someone put a stone in his outstretched palm. Eyewitnesses of this scene claim that this was done by Ekaterina Sushkova, who thus decided to play a joke on a blind, old and sick man. And it was precisely this act of hers that seemed to sober up the poet, who suddenly saw his beloved in a completely different light. Lermontov suddenly realized that in exactly the same way this woman was joking with his feelings, giving false hopes and promises that I easily immediately forgot about. The poet's inner circle was well aware that Lermontov was in love with a coquette who did not take her longtime admirer seriously. However, no one was in a hurry to deprive the poet, tormented by jealousy and passion, of illusions, since his friends were familiar with first-hand hot temper Lermontov. As a result, for almost 5 years the author of the poem “The Beggar” was convinced that sooner or later Ekaterina Sushkova would marry him, but this was not destined to happen. It is possible that the break in relations was influenced by a seemingly harmless incident in the Trinity-Sergius Lavra, which, nevertheless, had an effect on the poet. indelible impression. Lermontov not only managed to admit to himself that “my best feelings are forever deceived by you,” but also to suppress his painful love for the one who turned out to be unworthy of it.
When the poem “The Beggar” was published, no one in the poet’s circle had any doubts about who exactly it was addressed to. However, this love story received its unexpected continuation. Lermontov by nature was a rather vindictive person; he did not know how to forgive insults and insults even to those whom he truly loved. After the ridiculous and outrageous act of Ekaterina Sushkova, as well as rethinking his attitude towards her, the poet decided to take revenge on his chosen one for everything at once.
Lermontov and Sushkova did not see each other for several years, and at the next meeting, which took place in 1835, the poet tried not to show his true feelings towards his former lover. Moreover, the author showed gallantry that was unusual for him and openly admired Sushkova’s beauty. As a result, she truly fell in love with the poet, and then Lermontov dealt a crushing blow to the pride of the one who had once captivated his imagination, publicly declaring that Sushkova was stupid, devoid of attractiveness and could not evoke feelings other than pity.
Like this. And you say “the sincere feelings of a boy in love”...

Everyone should read the poem “The Beggar” by Mikhail Yuryevich Lermontov. It raises not only love theme as it seems at first glance. In this work, the poet also wanted to show how cruel people have become towards each other. He writes that nothing has become alien to them. So, making fun of an old and poor person, laughing at the feelings of another, using these very feelings as a means of self-affirmation is now considered normal. Lermontov was very depressed by all this.

The text of Lermontov's poem "The Beggar" was created by him at the age of 16. At that time, he was in love with the coquette Ekaterina Sushkova, who not only did not reciprocate his feelings, but also openly ridiculed his feelings for her. It is believed that the work was dedicated to this girl. When analyzing a poem, it would be useful to turn to the history of its writing. So, based on various sources you can find out that it is biographical. Mikhail Yuryevich, indeed, once met a beggar, withered old man, begging for alms near the monastery. The description of what happened next varies somewhat in the works of literary scholars. Some write that it was Sushkova who threw pebbles to the old man instead of money. Lermontov saw this beauty’s trick, and this terrible act of hers somewhat “sobered” his feelings for her. He began to understand that she was deceiving him, that she was giving him only empty hopes, that she felt nothing towards him. Others write that it was not the poet’s beloved who threw the pebbles to the beggar, but some children. Mikhail Yuryevich himself did not see this. He learned about this from the old man's story.

The poem “The Beggar” is taught at school during a literature lesson in the 9th grade. At home, teachers assign it to the children to teach it in full. On our website you can read it online or download it for free to your laptop or computer, tablet or phone.

And someone put a stone / In his outstretched hand
From the poem “The Beggar” (1830) by M. Yu. Lermontov (1814-1841), which the poet wrote during his stay in Sergiev Posad.
A contemporary and acquaintance of the poet, E. A. Sushkova, talks about the circumstances of the creation of this poem in her “Notes”. Once Lermontov and a group of young people went on foot from Moscow to the Trinity-Sergius Lavra (in Sergiev Posad, 70 km from Moscow. - Comp.). “On the fourth day we came to the Lavra exhausted and hungry. At the tavern we changed our dusty dresses, washed ourselves and hurried to the monastery to serve a prayer service. On the porch we met a blind man. With a decrepit, trembling hand, he brought us his wooden cup, we all gave him small money; Hearing the sound of coins, the poor man crossed himself and began to thank us, saying: “God send you happiness, good gentlemen; But the other day some gentlemen, also young and naughty, came here and laughed at me: they laid a cup full of pebbles. God bless them!
After praying to the holy saints, we hastily returned home to have lunch and rest. We were all fussing around the table, impatiently waiting for dinner, only Lermontov did not take part in our efforts; he was kneeling in front of a chair, his pencil quickly running over a piece of gray paper, and he seemed not to notice us, did not hear how we made noise as we sat down to dinner and began to eat our boots. Having finished writing, he jumped up, shook his head, sat down on the remaining chair opposite me and handed me the newly written poems from under his pencil:
At the gates of the saint's monastery
There stood begging for alms,
Powerless, pale and thin
From hunger, thirst and suffering.
He only asked for a piece of bread,
And the gaze revealed living torment,
And someone laid a stone
Into his outstretched hand.
So I prayed for your love
With bitter tears, with longing,
So my best feelings
You have been deceived forever!”
IN modern edition The third line of this poem has been changed - it is usually printed: “The poor man is withered, barely alive.” Allegorically about disappointed hopes and expectations.

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