Creator of the country of lake. "The Wizard of Oz": Through Green Glasses

In 1900, one of the most significant books- "The Wizard of OZ" written by Frank Baum. It tells the story of a Kansas girl, Dorothy, whose house was transported by a hurricane to the magical land of Oz, where all the events unfold. Most likely, everyone has read this book and even watched one of the film adaptations, but you are unlikely to know everything about it. There are facts that may surprise you. As you can see, in in this case What is interesting is not only the book itself, which without a doubt is brilliant, but also other facts that affect it.

Work before the book

Few people know that Frank Baum was 44 years old when The Wizard of Oz was first published. What made the writer wait so long for recognition? In fact, Baum was not always a writer - he did not plan such a profession for himself at all. In his youth, he was a bird breeder; his chickens even won some awards. At the same time, he wrote plays and acted in the theater, and did it quite successfully. It was in this direction that he planned to develop, until a fire destroyed all his possessions, depriving him of both his business and his dreams. After this, Baum became a traveling salesman and moved to Chicago. There he was taken permanent job, and while he traveled to sell goods, he made up stories that he then told to his children. When his mother-in-law heard one of the stories, she convinced him to try publishing. He agreed, and after some time his first books appeared - and then the world-famous “The Wizard”.

Cooperation

Baum did not work on his books alone - he interacted with the artist William Denslow. Baum wrote the stories, and Denslow created the illustrations for them. Together they created the "Wizard", which caused a serious problem. The fact is that both authors wanted to attribute all the glory of the book to themselves, which is why they constantly quarreled. After The Wizard, they created only one book, after which they finally separated. Unfortunately, Denslow's career declined after this and he eventually died after becoming an alcoholic.

Quick end to the series

Everyone is aware that “The Wizard of Oz” is only the first book in a series that includes as many as fourteen parts. But Daum himself did not initially plan to write so much. Naturally, the success of the first book obliged him to write several sequels, but the writer soon got tired of the magical world of Oz. He wanted to end the story with a sixth book, where Dorothy takes her aunt and her uncle to permanent residence to the land of Oz. However, by the time the sixth book was published, Daum found himself in serious trouble. financial situation due to a bad investment. As a result, he was on the verge of bankruptcy, which is why he sold the film rights to the first book, and was also forced to continue writing the Oz series.

Nicknames and continuation

In fact, Daum's name is Liman, Frank is only his middle name. However, the author simply hated his first name, so he wrote some of his books under pseudonyms. As a result, The Wizard and its sequels began to be published under the name L. Frank Daum, and in life he asked everyone to simply call him Frank. Incidentally, after Daum's death and the publication of his final fourteenth book, a massive sequel was planned. Children's author Ruth Thompson was hired to write 19 more books in the universe.

Women's rights

Even before I started writing career Daum opened his own store in the city of Aberdeen, where he had to move his family. However, due to economic crisis Quite quickly the business went bankrupt, and Daum chose a different direction for himself. He began publishing a newspaper, to which he periodically wrote, expressing his views on women's rights. He advocated for women to have the right to vote, as well as other rights that men had. His views on life were formed largely thanks to his wife and mother-in-law - the latter was generally one of significant figures in the fight for women's rights in America. In the books he then wrote, his main characters were often strong and independent girls, young women and women.

Film company

In 1910, Daum moved with his family to Hollywood, where he opened his own film company to make films based on his books. However, his ideas were far ahead of their time, so the films did not gain much popularity, so the company had to be closed - this was followed by Daum's bankruptcy, after which he signed up to write new books in the series.

Screen adaptation

The 1939 film is now considered an immortal classic, but this was not always the case. Of course, the film was a success - it even won two Oscars and grossed $3 million in theaters. But its budget was $2.8 million, and given the additional costs, the film adaptation turned out to be financially unprofitable. People liked the film, but they weren't crazy about it. Television is what made "The Wizard" cult film. In 1956, it was first shown on television screens in November - and since then it has been shown every year without interruption.

Shoes

From the film, everyone knows the bright ruby ​​slippers that Dorothy received from the evil sorceress Gingema. However, if you have read the book, you should know that in the original version the shoes were silver. However, the film crew decided that on the yellow road the ruby ​​shoes would stand out much more significantly than the silver ones. Therefore, it was decided to make a replacement, which has actually become iconic.

Geography

Map of Oz

  • According to the maps compiled by Baum, the country has four main regions: the country of Winkies (Yellow), Munchkins (Blue), Gillikins (Purple) and Quadlings (Chatterers) (Pink), where Glinda rules.
  • According to Volkov's interpretation, the Magic Country (for Volkov it is nameless) is surrounded by a ring of mountains and a great desert and is inhabited by many different tribes (according to Alexander Volkov): Munchkins, Winks, Miners, Chatterers, Marranos, Fox People. The capital is the Emerald City. There are 4 great witches in the country: Gingema, Bastinda - the evil ones killed by Ellie, and two good ones: Villina and Stella.

The Wizards and Witches of Oz

  • Glinda
  • The Wizard of Oz
  • Good Witch of the North
  • Wicked Witch of the East
  • Wicked Witch of the West
  • Mombi
  • Blinky
  • Doctor Pipt (Crooked Sorcerer)
  • Mr. Nikidik
  • Uh-huh-Shoemaker
  • Mrs. Jupe
  • Kuoha, Queen of the Skeezers
  • Flathead Rora
  • Rira Redhead

Origin and management

  • The land of Oz is ruled by Ozma, the good fairy. Since the origin of Ozma and the entire magical land in different books is described in different ways, in order to avoid contradictions, the story in the following form: one day the good fairy Lurlina flew over an unusually beautiful and rich country, she liked the country so much that the fairy decided to make this land magical, leaving one fairy from her retinue to rule it. However, for unknown reasons, the country was ruled for a long time by Pastoria, the father of the fairy Ozma (perhaps because, having accepted human species, the fairy became a baby). Then the country found itself divided - the North, South, West and East had their own sorceresses, and behind Pastoria there was only one Emerald City. When the Wizard of the Emerald City crashed, the inhabitants accepted him as a great sorcerer, and Pastoria was overthrown. Out of fear that Ozma could lay claim to the throne, the Wizard gave Ozma to the evil witch Mombi, who turned her into a boy (again, it is not clear whether Ozma’s infancy at that moment was natural or whether Mombi caused it by erasing the princess’s memory). Long years Ozma (at that time Tip) lived in the North in the country of the Gillikins, having no idea about her origin. But as a result of the defeat of the sorceress Mombi from Glinda, the truth triumphed, Ozma again accepted her real look and began to rule the country. Ozma is very much loved by her subjects, but she specifically tries to rule quietly so as not to offend those who have never heard of her (and there are a lot of such corners in the land of Oz). The princess lives in a beautiful palace surrounded by a garden.

Characters

Dorothy

Dorothy is an orphan, she lived in the Kansas steppe with Uncle Henry, Aunt Em and dog Toto. For the first time, Dorothy and Toto came to the Land of Oz in a house that was carried away by a hurricane. Falling on the Wicked Witch of the East, the house crushed her and freed the Munchkins, who immediately decided that Dorothy was a great witch. On the advice of the Good Witch of the North, the girl went to Emerald City, in order to ask the Wizard of Oz to return her home, meeting the Scarecrow, the Tin Woodman and the Cowardly Lion along the way. After many adventures, having reached the Emerald City, the girl and her friends received a task: in order for their wishes to come true, they must destroy the Wicked Witch of the West. The friends went west, but the Sorceress, using the help of the Flying Monkeys, neutralized the Scarecrow and the Tin Woodman, and captured Dorothy, Toto and the Cowardly Lion. By pure chance, Dorothy managed to destroy the Sorceress, and then the reunited friends returned to the Emerald City, where it turned out that the wizard Oz was actually a deceiver and could not do what was asked of him... Despite the fact that Oz was able to fulfill the wishes of the Scarecrow, the Iron Man The Woodcutter and the Cowardly Lion, he was unable to send Dorothy home, and even after creating balloon, the wizard accidentally flew away on it alone. Dorothy used hers last hope- went to the Country of Quadlings to the good sorceress Glinda, who revealed the secret to her magic shoes: If you hit your heel and wish for something, they will immediately grant it. Wishing to return home, Dorothy was there within seconds.

Scarecrow

The Scarecrow was an ordinary crow scarecrow made by one of the Munchkins. However, for unknown reasons and without anyone's outside help(at least it is not mentioned in one book) he came to life. One of the crows brought him the idea to get brains, and, having met Dorothy, he went with her to the Emerald City and experienced many adventures. Before leaving, the Wizard of Oz appointed the Scarecrow as his successor and king of the Emerald City. After Glinda helped Dorothy return home, the Scarecrow ruled the Emerald City for some time (about 3 years), but was then overthrown by the girl Ginger and her army of rebels. Having turned with his friends to the sorceress Glinda, the Scarecrow learned that the true ruler of the Emerald City should be Ozma, the heiress of King Pastoria, overthrown by the wizard. It turned out that Ozma is new friend Scarecrows A type whom the evil witch Mombi bewitched and turned into a boy. After the evil spell was dispelled, Ozma ascended to the throne, and the Scarecrow became her faithful friend and treasurer of the Country of Winks.

Tin Woodman

Once upon a time there was a Tin Woodman an ordinary person of flesh and bones; he had a beloved girl whom he wanted to marry. Due to the machinations of the Evil Witch of the East, the ax cut off all parts of his body, and iron ones were created to replace them. The Tin Woodman was forced to leave his bride because his iron body had no heart and he could not love her. He settled in the forest and one day was caught in a rainstorm, as a result of which he became rusty and could not move. About a year later, Dorothy and Toto and the Scarecrow passed through this place and saved the Woodcutter. He went with them to the Emerald City with the hope that Oz could return his heart. After many adventures, the Tin Woodman's dream was fulfilled, and he became the Emperor of the Miguns; later, when Princess Ozma was found, the Woodman obeyed her, and the Country of the Migunov recognized Ozma as its ruler, the Woodcutter remained with the title of Emperor.

Cowardly Lion

The Cowardly Lion was an ordinary lion who lacked courage. One day, having met Dorothy and her friends, Lev heard about the Wizard of Oz, who can make any wish come true. The Lion went with his new friends to the Emerald City, and after great adventures, Oz gave him courage. Despite this, in all other books Lev is called cowardly and talks about how he is afraid of his enemy, although this may just be jokes. Despite the fact that almost all animals in Baum's books have a name, Leo has one that is unknown or absent altogether. Despite the fact that at the end of the first book he becomes the king of the beasts of the forest, nothing more is ever mentioned about his reign, nor about the forest where his subjects live.

Oz book series

L. F. Baum

  1. "Journey to Oz"
  2. "Emerald City of Oz"
  3. "The Little One from Oz"
  4. "Tik-Tok from Oz"
  5. "The Scarecrow of Oz"
  6. "Rinkitink in Oz"
  7. "The Lost Princess of Oz"
  8. "The Tin Man of Oz"
  9. "The Magic of Oz"
  10. "Glinda from Oz"

R. Thompson

  1. "The King's Book of Oz" (Ruth P. Thompson)
  2. "Kabampo in Oz" (Ruth P. Thompson)
  3. "The Cowardly Lion of Oz" (Ruth P. Thompson)
  4. "The Good Grandfather in Oz" (Ruth P. Thompson)
  5. "The Lost King of Oz" (Ruth P. Thompson)
  6. "The Hungry Tiger of Oz" (Ruth P. Thompson)
  7. "The Nome King of Oz" (Ruth P. Thompson)
  8. "The Great Horse of Oz" (Ruth P. Thompson)
  9. "Jack the Pumpkinhead of Oz" (Ruth P. Thompson)
  10. "The Yellow Knight of Oz" (Ruth P. Thompson)
  11. "Pirates in Oz" (Ruth P. Thompson)
  12. "The Purple Prince of Oz" (Ruth P. Thompson)
  13. "Ojo in Oz" (Ruth P. Thompson)
  14. "Speedy in Oz" (Ruth P. Thompson)
  15. "The Magic Horse in Oz" (Ruth P. Thompson)
  16. "Captain Nesalaga in Oz" (Ruth P. Thompson)
  17. "Seven Handed Mandy in Oz" (Ruth P. Thompson)
  18. "The Silver Princess of Oz" (Ruth P. Thompson)
  19. "Ozmaletny Journey with the Wizard of Oz" (Ruth P. Thompson)
  20. "A Yankee in Oz" (Ruth P. Thompson)
  21. "The Mysterious Island in Oz" (Ruth P. Thompson)

D. Neil

  1. “Jenny Jick in the Land of Oz” (John R. Neill) (originally “The Magic City in the Land of Oz”)
  2. "The Ozmabillies of Oz" (John R. Neill)
  3. "Lucky Bucky in Oz" (John R. Neill)
  4. "The Fugitive in Oz" (John R. Neill)

D. Snow

  1. "The Magic Imitators in Oz" (Jack Snow, 1946)
  2. "Shaggy in Oz" (Jack Snow, 1949)

R. Payes

  1. “The Wicked Witch of Oz” (R. Pies)
  2. “The Hidden Valley of Oz” (R. Pies)

E.McGraw

  1. "Carousel in Oz" (Eloise J. McGraw and Lauren L. McGraw)
  2. "The Forbidden Fountain in Oz" (Eloise J. McGraw and Lauren L. McGraw)

A. M. Volkov

  1. "The Wizard of the Emerald City" (Volkov, 1963)
  2. "Urfene Deuce and his wooden soldiers" (Volkov, 1963)
  3. "Seven Underground Kings" (Volkov, 1964)
  4. “Fiery God of the Marranos” (Volkov, 1968)
  5. “Yellow Fog” (Volkov, 1970)
  6. “The Mystery of the Abandoned Castle” (Volkov, 1975, published 1982)

Presented here is The Great Canon of Oz Records. All 14 of Baum's stories were published in Russian. However, even after the death of the writer, from 1921 to 1939 it was published annually. A new book about the Land of Oz - this time Peruvian writer Ruth P. Thompson (some of her books were translated into Russian and published in 2001-2003). At first, Thompson's books were still published under Baum's name, but soon there was no longer any need to hide the change of author: Baum discovered the Land of Oz precisely as a country in which every talented writer can find something of his own.

Later, the series' regular graphic artist, John Neil, wrote several fairy tales about the Land of Oz (one of them was translated into Russian). Neil died in 1943, ending the annual tradition of a new “canonical” Oz book. However, another tale of Neil about the land of Oz, the last one, was discovered and published in 1995.

Of the fairy tales by A.M. Volkov, only the first is a retelling of Baum’s first book, and the rest are completely original. After the release of the first book about the girl Ellie, Volkov did not take up the continuation of the story for almost a quarter of a century. At first he slightly corrected his own version- in 1939, Ellie, like Baum, is an orphan who is raised by her aunt and uncle, and in 1959 she is already an ordinary girl who has a mother and father. And dozens of such discrepancies appeared. And after the end of the period that determined Baum’s copyright, A. Volkov wrote numerous sequels. Since 1963, Volkov's fairy tales have been published on English language, and like fairy tales about the Land of Oz.

see also

  • Lyman Frank Baum: how many books about the magical land of Oz do we know?

Sources

  • Jack Snow, Who's Who in Oz, Chicago, Reilly & Lee, 1954; New York, Peter Bedrick Books, 1988.

The main character of “The Land of OZ,” Lena Shabadinova (Yana Troyanova), wanders through the city to work at a food stall, every now and then meeting strange and scary characters, each of whom is trying to drag the gullible and silent girl into his own personal hell. In a kiosk on Torforezov Street, Lena’s replacement, Duke (Alexander Ilyenkov), is waiting for Lena, in front of whom an acquaintance who does all sorts of abominations (Alexander Bashirov) hovers like a petty demon.

Yana Troyanova as the main character Lena Shabadinova in the film “The Country of OZ”

New Year's Russia in this picture looks drunk, unkind, phantasmagorical and reckless - and much more real than in other New Year's comedies. The director of the film, Vasily Sigarev, told RBC Style why he decided to show the audience just such a country.

Film lovers are more familiar with you as the director of dramas - “Top”, “Live”. Why did you decide to change the genre so radically and make a comedy?

I didn’t shoot 12 dramas in a row for this genre change to be radical. I write comedy plays, so this genre is not new to me. And “The Land of OZ” is a unique comedy, in which I did not stray from myself. It just seems like the time has come. I've never made New Year's comedies, so I decided to fill this gap.

Film director Vasily Sigarev

Why did you call the film “The Land of OZ” and not “Wonderland”, for example?

We initially had a completely different name - “Entertaining Ethology”. But when we realized that even people on the film set, then we decided to change it. And, by the way, the name “Country of OZ” was not invented by me, but by TNT producer Alexander Dulerain. He looked at the picture and said: “Your country is Oz!” And we left this name, especially since it looks very good on posters.

Was it important for you to show such an eerie New Year's Russia, as in “The Land of OZ,” and not a cheerful one, as in the same “Yolki”?

I don’t know a country like the one in “Yolki”. I don't know where the authors get it from. They probably live in their own universe. And I’m in mine, where everything is as I show.

You have a lot of strange and scary characters like “couch warriors” or a cowardly bard. Where did you get these characters and these situations?

The story of the cowardly bard began when I found on the Internet the same amateur clip that is shown in the film. By the way, we found the author and bought the rights to show it from him. Looking at this clip, I made this portrait. For this hero, everything comes from cowardice.

“Couch Warriors” was invented after I read a newspaper article. There they were talking about a military man who was about 40 years old, and he played “tanks” on the Internet. His tank was stolen in the game, and he wrote a statement to the police.

Or, for example, the scene where Alexander Bashirov’s hero kicks a boy. She outraged many. And after a while, some newspaper published an article about a man who shot a child in the face because he was running around his garage. Life is always scarier than the movies, it shows you worse stories.

Actor Alexander Bashirov

Why did you decide to do main character Lena so sincere and naive?

I wanted a person to go through all this hell and still remain clean in the end. Even when the hero Gosha Kutsenko invites her to go into his apartment and wash herself, Lena replies: “Yes, I’m clean!” For me, cleanliness in this world is a fundamental thing that needs to be protected.

Which type do you personally find most disgusting? And who is the cutest?

Yes, I personally don’t find anyone disgusting. The man is weak. So what, try to hate him for this? The loss of human reference points is rather due to the times in which we live. And the cutest ones are Lena and Kutsenko’s character. And Evgeny Roizman (mayor of Yekaterinburg - RBC Style), who is present in the film as a symbol of Yekaterinburg.

Actor Gosha Kutsenko

Was it difficult to persuade Roizman to play himself?

At first he doubted that he would succeed, but then he simply trusted me, and everything worked out. By the way, he didn’t even read the script, he said: “I believe you, I’d better watch the movie later.”

The characters in the film swear a lot, half of the film is beeped. Was it difficult for you to obtain a rental license?

No, we were even given the “16+” category. I had to fight for this and shake my nerves. We complied with all the laws, “beeped” everything and decided to insist on “16+”. There is nothing in this picture that should not be shown to young people aged 16 to 18 years.

Why write such dialogues in principle if you know that everything will have to be muted later anyway?

Because art is eternal, but laws change periodically. I’m wondering, why write these laws if they can be repealed after some time?

Was it difficult for you to get funding for “Land of OZ”? Now preference is given to patriotic films rather than films that show the country not in the best light.

We started filming the film two years ago, even before the crisis. We did not receive any money from the state; everything was done with funds from patrons and investors. At a certain stage, difficulties arose, but our producer Sofiko Kiknavelidze dealt with them quite quickly. We never stopped paying the crew.

By the way, I can say that during the first weekend of release, “The Land of OZ” earned more money than “Top” and “Live” combined. Although it wasn't released very well good time, because all the pseudo-patriotic frenzy really prevents many people from adequately perceiving our picture. As for patriotic films, I can say that, from my point of view, this is an absolutely harmful film, with the help of which they are trying to turn a blind eye to people. It’s better to take a shovel and go shovel the snow at the entrance than to watch a patriotic movie - people will benefit more.

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Soviet schoolchildren read the adventures of the Kansas girl Ellie from the series about the wizard of the Emerald City. They had no idea that this was just clever plagiarism. And the country of sorceresses and the false all-powerful sorcerer was invented by the American Lyman Frank Baum. And the girl’s original name was not Ellie at all, but Dorothy.

Just Frank

This role made the young actress Judy Garland famous. For Hollywood of the late 1930s, such a production - in color, with intricate makeup and excellent (again, for its era) special effects - was simply a miracle.

The father dreamed of “forging” a real man out of his son, and therefore Baum Jr. had to study at the military academy. He did not take root in the barracks regime: a dreamer and visionary, and with poor health, Frank would not have been able to withstand the drill for long.

Looking for a better life

The guy had strange (in our modern opinion) hobbies. Writing and a passion for theater are not so bad. But how to explain the attempt to breed a new breed of chickens? Only the fashion for this activity at that time.

The traveling theater became the brightest spot in the young man’s biography. But the subsequent ruin and death of his breadwinner-father destroyed all the ambitious plans of the aspiring actor. He also did not become a merchant, and the newspaper he published did not make a profit.

Only when Frank decided to turn to creativity. He decided to write for children. By that time, he himself had three children growing up: that meant he would have someone to test his “pearls” on.

The debut was the common plots of Mother Goose fairy tales. They were warmly received by young readers and their moms and dads, but Baum couldn’t wait to “invent” something of his own.

Famous characters

The insight came suddenly. Pictures swarmed in the head of the novice storyteller - one after another. They featured the schoolgirl Dorothy, abandoned by bad weather in a strange unfamiliar area, a kind Woodcutter who is afraid of rusting (after all, he is made of iron), a slightly dull, but open and sincere character - the scarecrow of crows Scarecrow and an unconventional king of animals, flinching from every rustle (because he is too timid ).

Thoughts fell onto the paper - in hasty pencil paths (Frank kept that same pencil, which had turned into a sharpened stub, as if he were the most precious thing). But the name for the country in which the characters met was never invented. Chance helped.

Birth of a legend

Children from all over the area often gathered at the Baums’ house to play with the owner’s sons. One rainy evening in capricious May, Baum told the children the story of Dorothy’s wanderings. And when one of the impatient listeners asked what the name of that magical country was, the writer looked at the file cabinet boxes (the kind you can find in libraries, they have cards with letters on them). The bottommost drawer read: “O-Z.” And the owner joyfully exclaimed: “The Land of Oz!”

After the first book, “The Wonderful Wizard of Oz,” others were written. Only this did not happen immediately, but several years later: Baum could not resist the onslaught of thousands of fans of the book. In total, the series consists of 14 volumes, two of which were published after the death of their creator.

The most recent film, inspired by Baum’s fairy tales, dates back to 2013. This is Oz the Great and Powerful. Sam Raimi invited the talented James Franco to play the lead role of a magician posing as a magician.

Geography

Map of Oz

  • According to the maps compiled by Baum, the country has four main regions: the country of Winkies (Yellow), Munchkins (Blue), Gillikins (Purple) and Quadlings (Chatterers) (Pink), where Glinda rules.
  • According to Volkov's interpretation, the Magic Country (for Volkov it is nameless) is surrounded by a ring of mountains and a great desert and is inhabited by many different tribes (according to Alexander Volkov): Munchkins, Winks, Miners, Chatterers, Marranos, Fox People. The capital is the Emerald City. There are 4 great witches in the country: Gingema, Bastinda - the evil ones killed by Ellie, and two good ones: Villina and Stella.

The Wizards and Witches of Oz

  • Glinda
  • The Wizard of Oz
  • Good Witch of the North
  • Wicked Witch of the East
  • Wicked Witch of the West
  • Mombi
  • Blinky
  • Doctor Pipt (Crooked Sorcerer)
  • Mr. Nikidik
  • Uh-huh-Shoemaker
  • Mrs. Jupe
  • Kuoha, Queen of the Skeezers
  • Flathead Rora
  • Rira Redhead

Origin and management

  • The land of Oz is ruled by Ozma, the good fairy. Since the origin of Ozma and the entire magical land is described differently in different books, in order to avoid contradictions, the most likely story looks like this: one day the good fairy Lurlina flew over an unusually beautiful and rich country, she liked the country so much that the fairy decided to make this land magical, leaving one fairy from his retinue to manage it. However, for unknown reasons, the country was ruled for a long time by Pastoria, the father of the fairy Ozma (perhaps because, having taken on human form, the fairy became a baby). Then the country found itself divided - the North, South, West and East had their own sorceresses, and behind Pastoria there was only one Emerald City. When the Wizard of the Emerald City crashed, the inhabitants accepted him as a great sorcerer, and Pastoria was overthrown. Out of fear that Ozma could lay claim to the throne, the Wizard gave Ozma to the evil witch Mombi, who turned her into a boy (again, it is not clear whether Ozma’s infancy at that moment was natural or whether Mombi caused it by erasing the princess’s memory). For many years, Ozma (at that time Tip) lived in the North in the country of the Gillikins, having no idea about her origin. But as a result of the defeat of the sorceress Mombi by Glinda, the truth triumphed, Ozma again took on her true form and began to rule the country. Ozma is very much loved by her subjects, but she specifically tries to rule quietly so as not to offend those who have never heard of her (and there are a lot of such corners in the land of Oz). The princess lives in a beautiful palace surrounded by a garden.

Characters

Dorothy

Dorothy is an orphan, she lived in the Kansas steppe with Uncle Henry, Aunt Em and dog Toto. For the first time, Dorothy and Toto came to the Land of Oz in a house that was carried away by a hurricane. Falling on the Wicked Witch of the East, the house crushed her and freed the Munchkins, who immediately decided that Dorothy was a great witch. On the advice of the Good Witch of the North, the girl went to the Emerald City to ask the Wizard of Oz to return her home, meeting the Scarecrow, the Tin Woodman and the Cowardly Lion along the way. After many adventures, having reached the Emerald City, the girl and her friends received a task: in order for their wishes to come true, they must destroy the Wicked Witch of the West. The friends went west, but the Sorceress, using the help of the Flying Monkeys, neutralized the Scarecrow and the Tin Woodman, and captured Dorothy, Toto and the Cowardly Lion. By pure chance, Dorothy managed to destroy the Sorceress, and then the reunited friends returned to the Emerald City, where it turned out that the wizard Oz was actually a deceiver and could not do what was asked of him... Despite the fact that Oz was able to fulfill the wishes of the Scarecrow, the Iron Man The Woodcutter and the Cowardly Lion, he was unable to send Dorothy home, and even after creating a balloon, the wizard accidentally flew away on it alone. Dorothy used her last hope - she went to the Land of the Quadlings to the good sorceress Glinda, who revealed to her the secret of the magic shoes: if you hit your heel on the heel and wish for something, they will immediately fulfill it. Wishing to return home, Dorothy was there within seconds.

Scarecrow

The Scarecrow was an ordinary crow scarecrow made by one of the Munchkins. However, for unknown reasons and without any outside help (at least not mentioned in one book), he came to life. One of the crows brought him the idea to get brains, and, having met Dorothy, he went with her to the Emerald City and experienced many adventures. Before leaving, the Wizard of Oz appointed the Scarecrow as his successor and king of the Emerald City. After Glinda helped Dorothy return home, the Scarecrow ruled the Emerald City for some time (about 3 years), but was then overthrown by the girl Ginger and her army of rebels. Having turned with his friends to the sorceress Glinda, the Scarecrow learned that the true ruler of the Emerald City should be Ozma, the heiress of King Pastoria, overthrown by the wizard. It turned out that Ozma is the Scarecrow's new friend Tip, whom the evil witch Mombi bewitched and turned into a boy. After the evil spell was dispelled, Ozma ascended to the throne, and the Scarecrow became her faithful friend and treasurer of the Country of Winks.

Tin Woodman

Once upon a time, the Tin Woodman was an ordinary man of flesh and bones; he had a beloved girl whom he wanted to marry. Due to the machinations of the Evil Witch of the East, the ax cut off all parts of his body, and iron ones were created to replace them. The Tin Woodman was forced to leave his bride because his iron body had no heart and he could not love her. He settled in the forest and one day was caught in a rainstorm, as a result of which he became rusty and could not move. About a year later, Dorothy and Toto and the Scarecrow passed through this place and saved the Woodcutter. He went with them to the Emerald City with the hope that Oz could return his heart. After many adventures, the Tin Woodman's dream was fulfilled, and he became the Emperor of the Miguns; later, when Princess Ozma was found, the Woodman obeyed her, and the Country of the Migunov recognized Ozma as its ruler, the Woodcutter remained with the title of Emperor.

Cowardly Lion

The Cowardly Lion was an ordinary lion who lacked courage. One day, having met Dorothy and her friends, Lev heard about the Wizard of Oz, who can make any wish come true. The Lion went with his new friends to the Emerald City, and after great adventures, Oz gave him courage. Despite this, in all other books Lev is called cowardly and talks about how he is afraid of his enemy, although this may just be jokes. Despite the fact that almost all animals in Baum's books have a name, Leo has one that is unknown or absent altogether. Despite the fact that at the end of the first book he becomes the king of the beasts of the forest, nothing more is ever mentioned about his reign, nor about the forest where his subjects live.

Oz book series

L. F. Baum

  1. "Journey to Oz"
  2. "Emerald City of Oz"
  3. "The Little One from Oz"
  4. "Tik-Tok from Oz"
  5. "The Scarecrow of Oz"
  6. "Rinkitink in Oz"
  7. "The Lost Princess of Oz"
  8. "The Tin Man of Oz"
  9. "The Magic of Oz"
  10. "Glinda from Oz"

R. Thompson

  1. "The King's Book of Oz" (Ruth P. Thompson)
  2. "Kabampo in Oz" (Ruth P. Thompson)
  3. "The Cowardly Lion of Oz" (Ruth P. Thompson)
  4. "The Good Grandfather in Oz" (Ruth P. Thompson)
  5. "The Lost King of Oz" (Ruth P. Thompson)
  6. "The Hungry Tiger of Oz" (Ruth P. Thompson)
  7. "The Nome King of Oz" (Ruth P. Thompson)
  8. "The Great Horse of Oz" (Ruth P. Thompson)
  9. "Jack the Pumpkinhead of Oz" (Ruth P. Thompson)
  10. "The Yellow Knight of Oz" (Ruth P. Thompson)
  11. "Pirates in Oz" (Ruth P. Thompson)
  12. "The Purple Prince of Oz" (Ruth P. Thompson)
  13. "Ojo in Oz" (Ruth P. Thompson)
  14. "Speedy in Oz" (Ruth P. Thompson)
  15. "The Magic Horse in Oz" (Ruth P. Thompson)
  16. "Captain Nesalaga in Oz" (Ruth P. Thompson)
  17. "Seven Handed Mandy in Oz" (Ruth P. Thompson)
  18. "The Silver Princess of Oz" (Ruth P. Thompson)
  19. "Ozmaletny Journey with the Wizard of Oz" (Ruth P. Thompson)
  20. "A Yankee in Oz" (Ruth P. Thompson)
  21. "The Mysterious Island in Oz" (Ruth P. Thompson)

D. Neil

  1. “Jenny Jick in the Land of Oz” (John R. Neill) (originally “The Magic City in the Land of Oz”)
  2. "The Ozmabillies of Oz" (John R. Neill)
  3. "Lucky Bucky in Oz" (John R. Neill)
  4. "The Fugitive in Oz" (John R. Neill)

D. Snow

  1. "The Magic Imitators in Oz" (Jack Snow, 1946)
  2. "Shaggy in Oz" (Jack Snow, 1949)

R. Payes

  1. “The Wicked Witch of Oz” (R. Pies)
  2. “The Hidden Valley of Oz” (R. Pies)

E.McGraw

  1. "Carousel in Oz" (Eloise J. McGraw and Lauren L. McGraw)
  2. "The Forbidden Fountain in Oz" (Eloise J. McGraw and Lauren L. McGraw)

A. M. Volkov

  1. "The Wizard of the Emerald City" (Volkov, 1963)
  2. "Urfene Deuce and his wooden soldiers" (Volkov, 1963)
  3. "Seven Underground Kings" (Volkov, 1964)
  4. “Fiery God of the Marranos” (Volkov, 1968)
  5. “Yellow Fog” (Volkov, 1970)
  6. “The Mystery of the Abandoned Castle” (Volkov, 1975, published 1982)

Presented here is The Great Canon of Oz Records. All 14 of Baum's stories were published in Russian. However, even after the death of the writer, from 1921 to 1939 a new book about the Land of Oz was published annually - this time written by the writer Ruth P. Thompson (some of her books were translated into Russian and published in 2001-2003). At first, Thompson's books were still published under Baum's name, but soon there was no longer any need to hide the change of author: Baum discovered the Land of Oz precisely as a country in which every talented writer can find something of his own.

Later, the series' regular graphic artist, John Neil, wrote several fairy tales about the Land of Oz (one of them was translated into Russian). Neil died in 1943, ending the annual tradition of a new “canonical” Oz book. However, another tale of Neil about the land of Oz, the last one, was discovered and published in 1995.

Of the fairy tales by A.M. Volkov, only the first is a retelling of Baum’s first book, and the rest are completely original. After the release of the first book about the girl Ellie, Volkov did not take up the continuation of the story for almost a quarter of a century. At first, he slightly corrected his own version - in 1939, Ellie, like Baum, was an orphan raised by her aunt and uncle, and in 1959, she was already an ordinary girl with a mom and dad. And dozens of such discrepancies appeared. And after the end of the period that determined Baum’s copyright, A. Volkov wrote numerous sequels. Since 1963, Volkov's fairy tales have been published in English, and as tales about the Land of Oz.

see also

  • Lyman Frank Baum: how many books about the magical land of Oz do we know?

Sources

  • Jack Snow, Who's Who in Oz, Chicago, Reilly & Lee, 1954; New York, Peter Bedrick Books, 1988.


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