Nature is the world around us with all its inhabitants and phenomena. It was she who always acted as the main object for research work and science tests, which is why many schoolchildren now study science.
But from an early age, every child needs to be taught what objects of inanimate nature are, so that he can correctly accept surrounding reality. We will talk about methods, descriptions and examples of such interpretation in this article.
What is inanimate and living nature?
In ordinary human awareness, nature is flowers, the sun, animals, plants and fossils. In general, this is a natural world that was created without the role of man or innovative technologies. But in scientific understanding, this term is explained even more broadly: nature refers to all the phenomena and objects that surround us. And in order to differentiate concepts, you should carefully analyze each of them.
The components of nature are atmospheric air, near-Earth galactic place, earth, surface water, the soil, vegetable world, subsoil, animal world, The groundwater, ozone layer atmosphere and other organisms, which together create suitable conditions for ensuring constant life on earth.
With all this, objects of living nature are all flora and fauna: all animals on the planet, plants of all classes and species, bacteria, fungi. This concept also includes a person. With all this, nature without humans can exist in its original form, examples of which are uninhabited islands with their own ecosystem, as well as astronomical objects (planets, satellites, etc.).
What is inanimate nature?
The inanimate world is different substances, also fields that possess energy. It is represented by several levels of organization: from simple particles, chemical parts and atoms to celestial bodies and the Universe. This term refers to all objects formed without human intervention and consisting of matter or field. The fundamental difference it will be that objects of inanimate nature are stable, static and slightly changeable. Pebbles, mountains, water, atmosphere - all this has existed for billions of years and is subject to change very slowly.
How to explain the differences to a 2nd grade child?
To clearly tell and show a student examples and objects of living and inanimate nature, you can rely on the following facts:
- To support life processes, representatives of the living world need to receive energy from outside - for example, plants and animals need sunlight to develop correctly.
- Living organisms are complex; their biological system maintains vital activity thanks to fundamental processes. They can develop, breathe, reproduce, grow old and die. Despite the fact that it is difficult to see how a plant breathes, this process is still at the molecular level.
- Objects of the living world can move and exhibit reactions to external stimuli. For example, if you touch an animal, it will run away or attack, unlike rocks that won't budge.
- After all, many representatives of the living world can think and have reflexes that help them survive.
In this way, we saw what the world of living and inanimate nature is like. The main thing to keep in mind is that both areas are closely interconnected. Matter, substances, energy - all this allows all organisms on Earth to develop and live, creating a single ecosystem.
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You have learned a lot about nature and, of course, paid attention to the fact that between living and inanimate nature there is a close connection. Living beings cannot live without air, water, sun and its heat. From inanimate nature they take everything they need for their life.
In turn, living things influence non-living things. Thus, green plants, thanks to photosynthesis, saturate the atmosphere with oxygen and cleanse it of carbon dioxide. The air that we and all living beings breathe is created by green plants.
Food connection
Organic matter, formed by green plants, are used not only by the plants themselves, but also by other living beings. Let's look at this with an example.
We are with you in a pine forest. Let's take a closer look at the pine bark. There are passages in it that the bark beetle eats: it feeds on pine bark. The woodpecker pecks at the bark with its hard beak and with its long tongue takes out bark beetles on which it feeds.
In other words, there is food connection, which scientists called power circuit: pine? bark beetle? woodpecker. In this food chain in first place is a plant (pine), second place is occupied by a herbivorous organism (bark beetle), in third place is an animal that feeds on a herbivorous animal (woodpecker).
Another example: a grasshopper eats vegetation. Grasshoppers are eaten by lizards, and the latter are food for hawks (Fig. 117). Thus, the food chain arose here too: plants? grasshopper? lizard? hawk.
Rice. 117. Example the food chain
Each organism in the food chain occupies a certain link and provides life to other living beings. Food chains begin with plants. This is the first link in the chain; the second link is herbivorous animals; the third is insectivorous or carnivorous animals.
exists in nature huge variety food connections: simple ones with which you have become acquainted, and complex ones in which a lot of people are involved various organisms(Fig. 118).
Rice. 118. Complex food connections
Now it is clear why nature is a single whole, in which between plants, animals, fungi, microbes, humans and environment there is an exchange of matter and energy. It occurs in the process of photosynthesis of plants, respiration of living organisms and various food connections.
1. Remember how living beings are connected to inanimate nature: plants, animals, humans. Using Figure 118, create all possible power circuits. Highlight the animals that are associated with pine directly and indirectly.
2. Why do you think the food chain starts with a plant?
3. Think about why predators cannot be in the second link of the food chain.
1. What are the similarities and differences between plants and animals?
2. How do vertebrates differ from invertebrates? Name representatives of both.
3. How did animals adapt to life in water, soil, air, and on land?
4. How did animals settle on the planet? Why can a polar bear live only in the north, and a brown bear in middle lane Russia?
5. What animals listed in the Red Book do you know? Why did they end up on her pages?
6. How can you save wild animals?
7. For what purpose does a person breed farm animals?
8. How do you understand the expression “nature is one”?
What have you learned about animals (the most, the most, the most...)
Signs of animals
Nutrition
Breath
Reproduction
Animal variety
Unicellular
Positive and negative relationships: Between animate and inanimate nature, a bird ate a bug - for the insect it is negative, for a tree that this insect ate - a positive relationship between animate and inanimate nature, a person built a factory that pollutes the air or water (negative), but produces paper, which a person needs (positive) between inanimate and inanimate nature a drop wears away a stone - destruction rocks- negative, but a new channel for the river has been laid - positive Your examples:
Living or non-living? The gates have risen - beauty to the whole world RAINBOW There are no hands, but a house will be built by a BIRD, an ANT Not the sea, not the earth, ships do not float and you can’t walk SWAMP A little boy in a gray army jacket, darting around the yards, collecting crumbs SPARROW He has no arms or legs, and everyone is shaking, swaying, the gates are opened by the WIND I am water, I float on water, and I won’t burn in fire ICE Cap on one side, hid behind a stump, whoever passes close bows low MUSHROOM Sleeps during the day, flies at night, scares passers-by OWL, EAGLE Flowing , flows, will not flow, runs, runs, will not run out RIVER Who has eyes on his horns and a house on his back? SNAIL
Test yourself: Choose a group of living nature objects: a. Sand, water, stones, sea b. Dragonfly, mountains, fish, snow c. Grass, bear, spider, trees Select a group of inanimate objects: a. Sun, river, earth, dew b. Horse, rain, rabbit, wind. Kangaroo, ant, woodpecker, aster Find the connection between living and inanimate nature a. Grass - hare b. Water - fish in. Mouse - fox Man is interconnected with... a. Wildlife b. Inanimate nature c. Only with what Mr. himself created. With all of the above
Answer the questions: Arrange the words in three columns: airplane, pig, sun, horse, dandelion, lynx, cloud, pencil, notebook, whale, reeds, stone, spruce, waterfall, child, hail, nightingale, dragonfly, snow, computer, wind, donkey, beetle, cedar, book, raspberry, rock, briefcase, hedgehog. List the signs by which living things differ from non-living things. Name 2 examples of positive and negative relationships between objects of living and inanimate nature. What is nature? Explain the expression “Everything in nature is interconnected.” What significance does nature have for people? What about people for nature?
A TREE, GRASS, FLOWER AND BIRD DO NOT ALWAYS KNOW TO DEFENSE IF THEY ARE DESTROYED ON THE PLANET WE WILL STAY ALONE BUT HUMANS CAN’T LIVE WITHOUT NATURE SO WE NEED TO SAVE OUR EARTH! On planet Earth, everything is interconnected with everything, man and nature are inseparable, without nature human existence is impossible! Protect the environment!
