Pronouns.
Ex. 1.1. Insert appropriate personal pronouns.
1. Ben is a little boy. …is six.
2. Jane is a house-wife ( housewife ). ... is lazy ( lazy ).
3. Max is a soldier. ... is brave.
4. Lily is a young woman. …is very beautiful.
5. Alice is late. … is in a traffic jam ( in a traffic jam ).
6. Nick and Ann are far from Moscow. …are on a farm.
7. This is Ben's room. ... is nice.
8. These are new books. … are interesting.
9. This is Elsa. … is a student.
10. Nick and Max are students. … are students of a Moscow university.
11. The rooms are small but… are light and warm.
12. The new flat is comfortable but… is far from the university.
13. Jack has many French books. …likes to read French very much.
14. Hans is a new student. ... is German.
15. Alice and Jane are new secretaries. ... are not lazy.
Ex. 1.2. Insert appropriate personal pronouns in the suggested answers to the questions.
1. Is your house new? – Yes, ... is.
2. Are the students at the English lesson now? - Yes, ... are.
3. Is your university in Green Street? – Yes, ... is.
4. Are Helen and Bess your sisters? – Yes, ... are.
5. Is Ben's sister an engineer? – Yes, … is.
6. Are the pencils red? – No, ... are not.
7. Is this room comfortable? - No, ... isn't.
8. Are the textbooks on the shelf? - Yes, ... are.
9. Does the girl often visit the museum? – No, ... doesn't.
10. Does this pen write well? – Yes, ... does.
11. Is Ben on holiday now? – No, ... isn't.
12. Is Helen nice? - Yes, … is.
13. Are you an engineer? - Yes, … am.
Ex. 1.3. Replace the highlighted words with personal pronouns in the objective case.
1. I likeNick .
2.We likeBess.
3. He likesice-cream .
4.Can you showthe pictures toBen ?
5. You can tellHelen my e-mail address.
6. Are you interested infootball ?
7. I want to buytwo bottles of milk forBess .
8. Do you want to play tennis withBen ?
9. We must speak toNick .
10. You should inviteHelen and Bess to your house for dinner.
11. Do you knowMary ?
12. TellNick aboutyour plan .
13. I seemy friends every day.
Ex. 1.4. Insert appropriate personal pronouns in the objective case.
1. Where is Nick? I want to play tennis with… .
2. Bess is here. Do you want to speak to…?
3. My sister speaks French. She learns...at school.
4. Look at that man. Do you know...?
5. Do you want to read this newspaper? I can give…to….
6. If you see Ben and Bess, please, don't tell ... anything.
7. We want to phone Helen and invite ... to the party.
Ex. 1.5. Replace the highlighted words with personal pronouns in the nominative or objective case.
1. The vase is on the table.
2. Mother often sendsBen to buy milk.
3.AreBess and Helen ready to dothe work ?
4. Nick and Ben spendtheir holidays at the seaside.
5. The man is in the park.
6. The managers are not at work now.
7 . Helen and I are good friends.
8. IsBen at the lesson now?
9.Where isthe calculator ?
10. The newspapers are on the table.
11. The child is in the garden withhis mother.
12. Our parents are always glad to see us.
13. My brother and I are good football players.
14. Bess knowsBen.
15. I seethe picture very well.
16. The students have lectures every day.
17. The boy playsfootball every Sunday.
18. The teacher asksthe students .
19. The students writetests every week.
20. Look atthe picture !
21. I havethe book at home.
22. Max wants to speak toHelen.
Ex. 1.6. Replace the underlined words with possessive pronouns.
1. This isBen's room.
2. This isHelen's hat.
3. Here ismy parents" house.
4. Nick's mother is an economist.
5.Where ismy brother's bag?
6. I likeHelen's car.
7 . Ann's books are on the table.
8 This student's sister is my friend.
9. My sister's house is not far fromBen's house.
10. Where isthe children's room?
11. Ann's brothers study at the university.
12. These boys' fathers don't work at the factory.
13. Here ismy sister's flat.
Control . 1.7. Paste possessive pronouns .
1. Is your bag new? - Yes, … bag is new.
2. I like... hat, Ann.
3. Don't plant this tree! … branch is broken.
4. Max, you have a new job. Do you like… new job?
5. …friends always tell me everything.
6. Our dog likes to run after ... tail.
Ex. 1.8. Change the following sentences according to the example, using the absolute form of possessive pronouns.
Sample :
This car is my car.
This car is mine.
1. This calculator is my calculator.
2. Is this bicycle your bicycle?
3. These hats are her hats.
4. This room is their room.
5. This dog is our dog.
6. My flat is more comfortable than your flat.
7. Our house is near their house.
8. Which of the dictionaries is your dictionary?
9. Is this book his book?
10. Whose cat is this? Is it her cat or his cat?
Ex. 1.9. Choose the appropriate possessive pronoun.
2. This is our car. It is (our, ours).
3. These are Mary's books. They are (her, hers).
4. White is (my, mine) favorite color.
5. You can't have this book. It is not (your, yours).
6. (Her, Hers) house is big.
7. Is this (your, yours) coat? - No, it is not (my, mine).
8. Are these your friends" books? - Yes, they are (their, theirs).
9. That is (our, ours) house. It is (our, ours).
Ex. 1.1 0 . Change the sentences according to the model, using plural demonstrative pronouns. Make other necessary changes.
Sample:
This girl is a student.
These girls are students.
That boy is brave.
Those boys are brave.
1. This book is French.
2. This girl is in the garden.
3. That map is old.
4. This student is from Great Britain.
5. That flower is beautiful.
6. This is my bag.
7. This is a French text.
8. That room is nice.
9. This film is interesting.
Personal pronouns in English are found in two cases - nominative case and objective case. In this article you will get acquainted with both of them, look at the tables and do exercises on personal pronouns. Let's first talk about personal pronouns in the nominative case - the nominative case.
Personal pronouns in nominative case.
Let's look at the table:
It seems that everything is simple, but let's make some clarifications.
- Role in a sentence.
Personal pronouns in nominative cases in English most often serve as the subject:
She lives in Bristol. – She lives in Bristol
I I'm not scared. - I'm not scared.
It should also be noted that personal pronouns in the nominative case they can act as nominal predicate:
It was she who did it. “She was the one who did it.”
In such cases, more informal speech It is permissible to use pronouns in the objective case:
It was her who did it.
- Gender of personal pronouns.
Some personal pronouns clearly indicate gender. These are pronouns he - masculine(animate) and she- feminine gender (inanimate). Pronoun it used instead of all inanimate objects, as well as animals and the word baby (baby).
Molly sees a cat. It is black. – Molly sees a cat. He's black.
Where is the baby. It's with me. - Where is the baby? He is with me.
In some cases, many objects can become animated (especially in fiction) and be replaced by she and he. Read more in the article about in English.
- Pronouns I and you.
The pronoun I is always written with capital letters regardless of place in the sentence.
You may have noticed that the pronoun you translated as you and you and always has a plural form. In fact, there is no pronoun you in modern English. Previously it was and sounded like thou. Today similar form can only be found in poetry. Remember: in English, everyone should be addressed as you and use the plural pronoun you.
You are a good boy. - You are a good boy.
Note: after you there is a plural verb – you are.
It seems about personal pronouns in the nominative case I said everything, let's do some strengthening exercises. You will find the answers at the end of the article.
Exercises on personal pronouns he, she, it, etc.
Exercise 1. What personal pronouns can replace the following nouns? Fill the table.
Kate, my parents, auntie, Jacob, car, sister, cousins, two chairs, chair, the Queen, Ann, brother, uncle, Bill, cat, table, my father, my house, cars, balls.
Exercise 2. Add he, she, it, we, or they
- Molly is very nice. _____"s my best friend.
- Molly and I aren't English. ______"re from Sydney.
- Greg is my brother. ______"s 25 years old.
- Greg and Alison are married. _______"ve got two children.
- Emily is 22 years old. ______"s a nurse in
Exercise 3. Write in he, she or they.
- This is Maria. _____ is having lunch in the canteen.
- Look at the children! _____ are playing football in the snow!
- Vanya is my friend. ______ is riding a bike now.
- Look at Pavel's parents. _________ are reading a book.
- Lisa is Pavel's friend. Listen! ______ is singing!
Personal pronouns in the Objective Case.
Objective case English pronouns correspond to indirect cases of the Russian language. Review the table.
A few examples:
Ask him to stay for dinner. - Ask him to stay for dinner.
Give him a pen. - Give him a pen.
Don"t speak about him like this. - Don’t talk about him like that!
This was done by him. - It was done by him.
You should not have any difficulties in using the objective case of pronouns. The only point is the use of I and me.
I or me?
Typically, these pronouns are used in accordance with the rules: I in the nominative case, me in all others.
I give you a present. - I'm giving you a gift.
You give me a present. -You are giving me a gift.
- However, if I is in the nominative case and plays the role of a predicate, both options are possible here.
It"s I / It's me - This is me!
The first option is more bookish, the second is conversational.
- You can also use both I and me in comparison structures:
Molly is as old as I / as old as me.
Molly is older than I /than me.
- Short answers use both pronouns.
- I or me after and?
Both options are possible, although the expression you and I is already outdated, you will look a little conservative if you use it. However, sir (madam), if you wish... use it.
Exercises on personal pronouns in the objective case.
Exercise 4. Fill in the gap with the correct object pronoun. Fill in the blanks using personal pronouns in the objective case.
- Who is that lady? — Why are you looking at __________?
- Do you know that young handsome man? -Yes, I study with __________.
- Please listen to _______. I want to express my point of view.
- These puppies are so nice! Do you want to look at ______.
- We like this house. We're going to buy _________.
- He can't see _______ because we are sitting in the last row.
- Where are the keys to our flat? I can't find _______.
- Where is Ann? I want to talk to _________.
- This snake is poisonous. I"m very afraid of _______.
- Don"t wait for _______ for dinner. I"ll return very late at night.
- He left Polotsk long ago. I haven't seen _______ since.
- You can fully rely on _______. We won't let you down.
Exercise 5. Fill in the gap with the correct object pronoun.
My husband and I are very lucky. We have many close friends in this city, and they are all interesting people.
Our friend Andrew is a scientist. We see (1) _____ when he isn't busy in his laboratory. When we get together with (2) _____, he always tells (3) ______ about his new experiments. Andrew is a very close friend. We like (4) _______ very much.
Our friend Maggie is an actress. We see (5) _______, when she isn't making a movie in Hollywood. When we get together with (6) _______, she always tells (7) ______ about her life in Hollywood. Maggie is a very close friend. We like (8) ______ very much.
Our friends Bobby and Marlin are journalists. We see (9) ______,when they are not traveling around the world. When we get together with (10) ______, they always tell (11) _____ about their meetings with famous people. Bobby and Marlin are very close friends. We like (12) ____ very much.
Exercise 6. Fill in the suitable pronouns.
- Jack is hungry. Bring ________ a sandwich.
- Ann is ill. Take _______ these flowers.
- Fred and Jane are in the country. Write________ a letter.
- I am thirsty. Bring _________ a bottle of Coca-Cola.
- Jimmy is in class. Give __________this book.
- The children are hungry. Bring ________ these red apples.
- Alan is at home. Ask ________ to come to the yard.
- We are at table. Give _______ tea and cakes.
Answers:
Exercise 1.
Exercise 2.
1 she, 2 we, 3 he, 4 they, 5 she.
Exercise 3.
1 she, 2 they, 3 he, 4 they, 5 she.
Exercise 4
1 her, 2 him, 3 me, 4 them, 5 it, 6 us, 7 them, 8 her, 9 it, 10 me, 11 him, 12 us
Exercise 5.
1 him, 2 him, 3 us, 4 him, 5 her, 6 her, 7 us, 8 her, 9 them, 10 them, 11 us, 12 them
Exercise 6.
1 him, 2 her, 3 them, 4 me, 5 him, 6 them, 7 him, 8 us
Object pronouns in English are personal pronouns, only in indirect case. Let's look at the features of the formation and use of objective ones and explain how to correctly inflect them.
Pronouns in the objective case answer the questions whom?, to whom?, about whom?, by whom? Their function is to act as a supplement. The objective case does not answer the questions what? and who?, does not play the role of subjects in a sentence. Let's look at personal pronouns and Object Pronouns directly in the table:
|
Personal Pronouns |
Object Pronouns |
| I | Me => me, me, me/me, about me |
| You | You => you, you, by you/by you, about you; you, you, you, by you, about you |
| He | Him => his/him, him/him, his, them/him, about him |
| She | Her => her/her, her/her, her, her/her/her/her, about her |
| It | It => it, his/him, him/him, his, him/him, about him |
| We | Us => us, us, us, us, about us |
| They | Them => their/them, them, their/them, by them/them, about them |
Examples
Don’t you want to visit them these days? They will be very glad to see you! => Would you like to visit them one of these days? They will be very happy to see you!
I didn’t see him for ages! I hope he became a brave one! => I haven't seen him for hundreds of years! I hope he became a brave man!
We ask them to help us with these heavy boxex buy they denied us => We asked them to help us with these heavy boxes, but they refused us.
Mary still didn’t decide how to explain him all these questions => Mary still hasn’t decided how to explain all these questions to him.
You had to give it to me but you were naughty and gave it to her => You should have given it to me, but you were mischievous and gave it to her.
Note! Cases in English are often used with certain pretexts. These include =>
Because of her => because of her
With us => with us
Around me => around me
For you => for you/for you
By them => by them
To him => to him.
Now let's see what sentences can be composed with these pronouns and prepositions in English:
There was a lot of noise around me so I decided to sit quiet => There was a lot of noise around me, so I decided to sit quietly.
I bought hundreds of flowers just for you buy you ignored my gift! => I bought hundreds of flowers for you, but you ignored my gift!
You had to give this piece of cake to him but you were greedy and ate it alone! => You should have given this piece of pie to him, but you were greedy and ate it yourself!
Everything happened only because of her but she remained calm and ignorant => Everything happened only because of her, but she remained calm and indifferent.
This law was taken by them but they themselves ignore it! => This law was passed by them, but they themselves ignore it!
You had to come with us but you were stubborn and decided to stay here alone => You should have come with us, but you were stubborn and decided to stay here alone.
Object Pronouns in colloquial speech
From the material given above, it is easy to conclude that object pronouns do not serve as subjects. They act only as indirect or direct additions. But... in a conversational environment, constructions that are not used in a formal business style can be used.
For example:
You and me => you and me
It was him => it was him
It is me => this is me
Me too => me too.
Examples:
You are so upset... Have to say, me too => You are so upset... I must say, so am I.
We will not invite them. There will be nobody else. Only you and me -> We will not invite them. There will be no one here. Just you and me.
I didn’t know who was guilty, but something whispered to me that it was him => I didn’t know who was guilty, but something whispered to me that it was him.
Why are you so cold to me? Don't you want to see me? It is me – your sister! => Why are you so cold to me? You do not want to see me? It's me - your sister!
Personal pronouns: types and features of use
These pronouns got their name because of their main function - to replace the name of a person or thing. The main purpose of such pronouns in context is to avoid repetition and make the conversation more palatable.
Speaking about personal pronouns, it is important to note that they are divided into two groups, which consist of nominative And object case.
Note! The Russian language is rich in cases - there are as many as six of them. As for the English language, everything is simpler here - there are only two cases: nominative and objective.
Objective case pronouns in English
The personal pronoun is often used as an object in sentences. Complements are what an action is performed on or with. Pronouns of this nature are used in the objective case. And it’s no secret that the Objective case will have a completely different form than the one that the Nominative case has.
On a note! Objective case in English replaces as many as 5 cases in Russian! Namely - prepositional, instrumental, accusative, dative, genitive.
From this it is easy to conclude that one Objective case answers all those questions that are answered by five cases in the Russian language, namely - By whom? To whom? Whom? About whom?
For example:
She is my sister but I don’t understand her => She is my sister, but I don’t understand her.
She (she) is a Nominative case, her is an Objective case. But! Pronoun her can also be translated as about her, by her, to her .
Give it to her => Give it to her.
I want to go with her => I want to go with her.
I think of her everytime => I constantly think about her.
Comparative table of personal pronouns in the nominative and objective cases
|
Nominative case |
objective case |
| I => I | Me => me, me, me |
| You => you (you) | You => you, you, you, you, you, you |
| He => he | Him => him, him, him |
| She => she | Her => her, her, her |
| It => it (he, she) | It => him, his, them |
| We => we | Us => us, us, us |
| They => they | Them => them, them, them |
Examples:
We wanted to come with them but they didn’t propose us => We wanted to come with them, but they didn’t offer us.
Mary asked him not to speak in such a way => Mary asked him not to speak in such a way.
I give you all the best but only if you will listen to me => I will give you all the best, but only if you listen to me.
Let's sum it up
The topic of object pronouns in English (Object Pronouns) is an interesting and educational material for anyone who wants to expand their knowledge of English and learn to speak competently. Before you learn object pronouns, you need to learn personal pronouns, which serve as the basis for creating Object ones. In an objective sense, this is understandable - first you need to learn how to build a foundation, and then a house. Theory, practice and exercises will help you cope effectively with the task and give brilliant result. Good luck and new achievements!
Good afternoon dear friends!
You and I are extremely lucky. How many cases are there in Russian? As many as 6, and in English nouns do not decline, and pronouns have only four of them. And today we will talk about one of them. Read the article “Object pronouns in English.”
What it is
In his initial form the case of personal pronouns is called Subject. It is used in place of the subject. Object (object) in turn is used in many other cases, for example in place of addition.
Let me give you an example in a sentence:
I haven’t seen Jack this week (I haven’t seen Jack this week). If we replace Jack, we get I haven’t seen him this week. I – Subject, him – Object.
What do they look like? Many of them look the same as in the initial form, but some are different. I propose to compare them in the table. I do not offer you a translation of object objects into Russian, since it depends on the context. Have you repeated about infinitive forms?
As you may have noticed, some forms are similar to possessives, for example, her. Read below to learn how to distinguish them.
Let's learn how to use them appropriately
Let's start with the fact that Subject is used only in place of the subject, and possessives only to indicate ownership: This is her bag (This is her bag). Remember my last one about complex subject?
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And Object has several meanings:
- In place of the Accusative case. Answers the question Who? What?
Jessica doesn’t know them well (Jessica doesn’t know them very well). - Corresponds to Russian Dative. We ask questions to whom? Why?
Pete called us yesterday (Pete called us yesterday). - In short answers to questions.
— Who left the door open? (Who left the door open?)
- Not me! (Not me!)
- I really enjoyed the film (I really liked the film).
- Me too (Me too).
Examples of object pronouns in sentences
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I was with you, a philologist of the English language, Ekaterina Martynova.
I wish everyone a nice day!
This lesson will discuss in detail the topic: objective case of pronouns in English with examples from song lyrics.
Theoretical part.
In Russian, pronouns have six cases. In English the situation is different: there are only two of them. Nominative and object. The nominative case in English coincides grammatically with the nominative case in Russian. But the objective case of pronouns in English replaces the remaining five in Russian, i.e. from genitive to prepositional. Thus, it should be remembered that pronouns in the objective case answer all five questions in Russian (whom, to whom, by whom, about whom).
For example, the pronoun - “ He" In English - " he». He- This Nominative case, and its objective case is him. That is, the pronoun him we can translate as his, to him, them, about him.
To learn the forms of the objective cases of pronouns and understand how they are declined, you need to remember the table:
| Pronoun | Them. case | An object. case | Russian translation options |
| (I) | I | me | me, me, me, about me |
| (We) | we | us | us, us, us, about us |
| (you you) | you | you | you, you, you, about you, you, you, you, about you |
| (He) | he | him | him, him, them, about him |
| (she) | she | her | her, her, her, about her |
| (They) | they | them | them, them, them, about them |
| (it) | it | it | This is a pronoun in English. language used for inanimate nouns (house, flower) |
This ends theoretical part lesson. Let's look at the lyrics of songs by our favorite artists, and use these examples to study the rule in practice. Every day, listening to songs, you can repeat the rules you have learned, which will make mastering them much easier.
Practical part
1) Consider the lines from the last verse of the song by the legendary group The Beatles - And I Love Her (Because I love her).
…I know that love of mine
Will never die
And I love her...
Translation:
...I know that my love
Will never fade away
Because I love her...
Here we see the pronoun in the objective case her. In translation it means her.
2) Let's study the chorus of the popular song by the Swedish pop-rock band Roxette - Listen To Your Heart.
…I don"t know where you"re going and I don"t know why
But listen to your heart before you tell him goodbye…
Translation:
...I don't know where you're going, and I don't know why,
But listen to your heart before you say goodbye...
Using this example, you can understand the use of the pronoun he (he) in the objective case – him. As can be seen from the lines, in this case it is translated as him.
3) The use of the pronoun you in the objective case will be demonstrated using the example of the composition of the famous performer Lady Gaga - Alejandro (Alejandro).
…You know that I love you boy
Hot like Mexico, rejoice…
Translation:
...You know I love you, guy,
Hot as the Mexican heat, rejoice...
This example is very successful, because here in one line the pronoun you is used in two cases at once: nominative and objective. IN in this case in the objective case it is translated as you.
4) Now let's study the use of the pronoun it. It should be noted that very often it is translated not only as his, him, her, but also this, this, etc. This is shown in the lines of the last verse of the song Linkin Park – New Divide ( New frontier)
…Connect the space between
Let it be enough to reach the truth that lies
Across this new divide…
Translation:
...Connect fragments of space
Let this be enough to reach the truth that lies
On the other side of this new border...
Here it is translated as this (his).
5) For practical example use pronouns they in the objective case we will choose the words of the song Apocalyptica feat. Joe Duplantier - Bring Them To Light. The rule is already in the name: the pronoun in the objective case them is translated as theirs. And in the text of the composition it looks like this:
…My demons are inside
I"ll bring them all to light…
Translation:
...My demons are inside me
And I will bring them all to the light...
6) Let’s turn to the words of the songs of the Dutch trance DJ Armin Van Buuren to study the pronoun I in the objective case (me). Let's study the first lines of his famous composition Never Say Never.
Stay with me
Won't you wait for me?...
Translation:
Stay with me ,
Will you wait for me?...
According to the table, the pronoun me can be translated in different ways, and in the lines of this song it is translated as me, me.
7) Let's study another example, namely lines from the most popular song of Armin Van Buuren's latest album - This Light Between Us (This light between us). You can see the considered rule in the name itself: the pronoun in the objective case is us, the translation is us. In text it looks like this:
Can you see this light between us
Keeps me breathing through the storm…
Translation:
...Do you see this light between us?
He keeps me breathing in the storm...
Now you know the use of pronouns in the nominative and objective cases. Most importantly, remember that the nominative case in English coincides with Russian and is used as shown in the table. And the use of the objective case is shown in detail using the example of famous songs.
Repeat the rules while listening to your favorite songs, combine business with pleasure.
Need to remember the following words from the lesson:
to love - to love
to know - to know
never ["nevə] - never
to listen to - listen
heart - heart
to tell – talk, tell
boy – boy, guy
hot - hot
to connect - connect
between - between
truth - truth
enough - enough
new - new
inside - inside
to bring - to bring
light - light
to say - to speak
to stay - to stay
to wait - wait
to see - to see