Fyodor Ivanovich Tyutchev (1803-1873) is one of the famous Russian poets who made a huge contribution to the development of the lyrical poetic movement.
The poet's childhood passes on the family estate of the Oryol province, where Tyutchev receives home education, studying with a hired teacher Semyon Raich, who instills in the boy a desire to study literature and foreign languages.
At the insistence of his parents, after graduating from Moscow University and defending his PhD thesis in linguistics, Tyutchev entered the diplomatic service, to which he devoted his entire life, working at the State Collegium of Foreign Affairs.
Tyutchev spends more than twenty years of his life abroad, while on diplomatic work in Germany, where he enters into his first marriage with Eleanor Peterson, who gives him three daughters. After the death of his wife, Fyodor Ivanovich marries a second marriage, where he has several more children, but has love affairs on the side, dedicating numerous poems to his beloved women.
The poet composes his first poems in his youth, imitating ancient authors. Having matured, Tyutchev revealed himself as a love lyricist who used techniques inherent in European romanticism.
Returning to his homeland with his second family, Tyutchev continues to work as a Privy Councilor, but does not give up his poetic hobby. However, in the last years of his life, the poet’s work was aimed at creating not lyrical works, but those with political overtones.
True fame and recognition for the poet came already in adulthood when he created numerous poems conveying landscape and philosophical lyrics, which he composed after retiring from public service and settling in the estate of Tsarskoye Selo.
Tyutchev passed away after a long illness at the age of seventy in the suburbs of St. Petersburg, leaving after his death a legacy of several hundred poems, distinguished by the poet’s favorite themes in the form of images of natural phenomena in various forms, as well as love lyrics, which demonstrate the whole gamut emotional human experiences. Before his death, Tyutchev, by the will of fate, manages to meet Amalia Lerchenfeld, the woman who was his first love, to whom he dedicates his famous poems entitled “I Met You...”
Option 2
Fyodor Ivanovich was born on November 23, 1803 on the territory of the Ovstug estate, located in the small Oryol province.
His education began at home; his parents and experienced teachers helped him study poetry written in Ancient Rome, as well as Latin. Afterwards he was sent to the University of Moscow, where he studied at the Faculty of Literature.
In 1821, he graduated from the educational institution and immediately began working as an official holding a position in the College of Foreign Affairs. As a diplomat, he is sent to work in Munich. He has been living on the territory of a foreign country for 22 years, where he met his true and only love, with whom he lived happily in a marriage in which he had three daughters.
The beginning of creativity
Tyutchev begins to create in 1810, and the early period ends ten years later. This includes poems written in youth that are similar to works of the last century.
The second period begins in the 20s and ends in the 40s. He begins to use the features of European romanticism, and also turns to native Russian lyrics. Poetry at this moment acquires the features of originality and its inherent relationship to the world around it.
In 1844, the author returned to his historical homeland. There he worked as a censor for quite some time. In his free time, he communicated with colleagues in the Belinsky circle, which also included Turgenev, Nekrasov and Goncharov.
Works written during this period are never published; he tries to write on political topics, so he tries not to show his work to others. And the latest collection is published, but does not gain much popularity.
The number of misfortunes suffered leads to a deterioration in health and general condition, so the author dies in Tsarskoe Selo in 1873. During this time, he experienced many difficulties, which he shared with his beloved wife.
The poet’s overall lyricism includes about 400 poetic forms; there are many museums in Russia that tell about the author’s work and his difficult life, as well as the time spent abroad.
- Brief history of the city of St. Petersburg
At all times, St. Petersburg deservedly had the title of the most amazing, brilliant and sometimes mystical city. Having experienced coups, revolutions and barbaric devastation, St. Petersburg still remains the most beautiful city in the world.
- The life and work of Mark Twain
An American writer who won millions of children's and adult hearts with his unique ironic creativity is Mark Twain (Samuel Clemens). He was not just a writer, but also a journalist and public figure.
- What benefits and harm do bacteria bring to humans? Class 3
According to scientists, about 2 kilograms of different bacteria live in the human body. And, oddly enough, most of these microorganisms live well with their host without causing any harm
- Andreas Vesalius' contributions to biology
Andreas Vesalius - an outstanding Italian natural scientist who made many discoveries in the field of biology, was the personal physician of Charles V, then Philip II.
The city of Pereslavl Zalessky is located in the Yaroslavl region of Russia. This small town is located on the shore of Lake Pleshcheevo, it was here in 1152 that Prince Yuri Dolgoruky gave a decree on the construction of the city
Tyutchev Fedor Ivanovich (1803-1873)
Russian poet. He belonged to an old noble family.
He began writing poetry early; in 1819 he appeared in print with a free adaptation from Horace.
In 1821 he brilliantly graduated from the literature department of Moscow University. Upon completion of the course, he enlisted in the College of Foreign Affairs.
Tyutchev developed as a poet at the turn of the 20s and 30s. The masterpieces of his lyrics date back to this time: “Insomnia”, “Summer Evening”, “Vision”, “Spring Waters”, “Autumn Evening”.
He served at the Russian diplomatic missions in Munich (1822-1837) and Turin (1837-1839). Tyutchev lived in foreign lands for twenty-two years, but did not lose his spiritual connection with his homeland and occasionally visited it. In Munich he became familiar with German idealistic philosophy, made acquaintance with Schelling, and was friends with G. Heine.
The poet's real debut took place in 1836: a notebook of his poems, transported from Germany, falls into the hands of Pushkin, and he, having accepted Tyutchev's poems with amazement and delight, published them in his Sovremennik magazine. However, recognition and fame came to Tyutchev much later - after his return to his homeland, in the 50s, when Nekrasov, Turgenev, Fet, Chernyshevsky spoke admiringly of the poet and when a separate collection of his poems was published (1854).
Returning to Russia in 1844, he served as senior censor of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, and from 1858 until the end of his life he headed the Foreign Censorship Committee.
He died in 1873 in Tsarskoe Selo.
The report on Fyodor Tyutchev, presented in this article, will tell you about the great Russian poet, a representative of the “golden” age.
Message about Tyutchev
Childhood and teenage years of the future poet
He was born on November 23, 1803 in the village of Ovstug, in the Oryol province. His parents were noble and educated people. Therefore, they wanted to give their son an appropriate education: teacher Semyon Raich taught him at home, who instilled in him a love of poetry. Already at the age of 12, Fyodor was translating the works of Horace and trying to write poems. The boy's talent was amazing. At the age of 14 he was accepted into the staff of the Society of Lovers of Literature. And in 1816 Tyutchev became a volunteer student at Moscow University. In 1819 he entered the Faculty of Philology, which he graduated in just 2 years.
Life abroad
Having received a doctorate in literature, he got a job at the College of Foreign Affairs. In 1822, Tyutchev went to serve in Munich. For a while, Fyodor Ivanovich was forced to abandon his literary activities and devote himself to the diplomatic service. Nevertheless, he continued to write poetry, albeit for himself, without advertising it. He returned to his homeland only in 1825. Returning to Munich, he married Eleanor Peterson, taking custody of her 3 children from his first marriage. The couple also had their own children - 3 beautiful daughters. The city also gave him friendship with the philosopher Schelling and the poet Heine.
In the spring of 1836, Fyodor Ivanovich transferred his lyrical works to St. Petersburg, which were published in Pushkin’s magazine Sovremennik. In general, his German service lasted 15 years. In the spring of 1837, the poet and diplomat received leave and went to St. Petersburg for 3 months.
At the end of his vacation, he was redirected to Turin as first secretary and charge d'affaires of the Russian mission. His wife dies in Italy and a year later he marries Mrs. Ernestine Dernberg again. This was the beginning of the end of his diplomatic career, as he voluntarily went to Switzerland for a wedding.
Fyodor Ivanovich tried for 2 whole years to return to service, but in vain. He was permanently excluded from the list of Ministry officials. After his dismissal, Tyutchev lived for another 4 years in Munich, Germany.
The poet returned to his father's land in 1843. At first he lived in Moscow, then moved to St. Petersburg. In the spring of 1845, he was hired by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. His career began to improve. But the poet’s wonderful poems and journalistic articles, although they were published, were never read.
After himself, Fyodor Ivanovich Tyutchev left 24 lyrical works, the article “Russian minor poets ».
- The poet was very amorous. At first he was fond of Countess Amalia, then he married Eleanor Peterson. After her death, Tyutchev again married Ernestina Dernberg. But Fyodor Ivanovich cheated on her for 14 years with Elena Denisyeva, who became his third wife.
- Him there were 9 children from three marriages.
- He dedicated poems to his beloved women.
- The constant activity of a statesman did not allow him to develop as a professional writer.
- He dedicated two of his poems
Fyodor Ivanovich Tyutchev was born and spent his childhood on his father’s estate in the Oryol province. I studied at home. He knew Latin and Ancient Greek well. He learned early to understand nature. He himself wrote that he breathed the same life with nature. His first teacher was a widely educated man, poet, translator Semyon Egorovich Raich. Raich recalled that he quickly became attached to his student, because it was impossible not to love him.
He was a very affectionate, calm and very talented child. Raich awakened Tyutchev's love of poetry. He taught me to understand literature and encouraged the desire to write poetry. At the age of 15, Tyutchev entered Moscow University, and at the age of 17 he graduated and then went to serve in the Russian embassy abroad. He served as a diplomat for 22 years, first in Germany, then in Italy. And all these years he wrote poems about Russia. “I loved the Fatherland and poetry more than anything in the world,” he wrote in one of his letters from a foreign land. But Tyutchev almost never published his poems. His name as a poet was not known in Russia.
In 1826, Tyutchev married Eleanor Peterson, née Countess Bothmer. They had 3 daughters.
In 1836, Pushkin received a notebook with poems by an unknown poet. Pushkin really liked the poems. He published them in Sovremennik, but the name of the author was unknown, since the poems were signed with two letters F.T. And only in the 50s. Nekrasovsky’s contemporary had already published a selection of Tyutchev’s poems and his name immediately became famous.
His first collection was published in 1854, edited by Ivan Sergeevich Turgenev. The poems were imbued with reverent, tender love for the Motherland and hidden pain for its fate. Tyutchev was an opponent of the revolution, a supporter of pan-Slavism (the idea of unifying all Slavic peoples under the rule of the Russian autocracy). The main themes of the poems: Motherland, nature, love, reflections on the meaning of life
In philosophical lyrics, in love poetry, in landscape poetry there were always reflections on the fatal questions of existence and on the destiny of man. Fyodor Ivanovich Tyutchev does not have purely love poems, or about nature. Everything is intertwined with him. Each poem contains the human soul and the author himself. Therefore, Tyutchev was called a poet-thinker. Each of his poems is a reflection on something. Turgenev noted Tyutchev’s skill in depicting a person’s emotional experiences.
In December 1872, Fyodor's left half of his body was paralyzed, and his vision deteriorated sharply. Tyutchev died on July 15, 1873.
Fyodor Ivanovich Tyutchev - Russian poet, diplomat, conservative publicist, corresponding member of the St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences since 1857, privy councilor.
Fyodor Ivanovich Tyutchev(1803-1873) was born in the Ovstug estate of the Bryansk district of the Oryol province, into an old and cultured noble family with strong patriarchal traditions. Father Ivan Nikolaevich Tyutchev was distinguished by his hospitality, cordiality and hospitality. Mother Ekaterina Lvovna came from the Tolstoy family and was an intelligent and impressionable woman. The future poet spent his childhood in Ovstug, Moscow and the Troitsky estate near Moscow under the supervision of “uncle” N. A. Khlopov.
The boy received a good home upbringing and education. His extraordinary abilities and talents were noticed by his parents and his teacher, the then famous poet S.E. Raich. Raic's activities were varied and intense: he had an excellent knowledge of ancient classical languages, translated ancient authors, was passionate about Italian literature, and instilled this love in his pupil. In a word, Raich had a beneficial and strong influence on Tyutchev: he encouraged Tyutchev’s literary pursuits, read the first attempts of the poet who was entering literature. Tyutchev learned the main European languages from childhood and, under the guidance of Raich, translated Horace at the age of 12.
Tyutchev continued his further education and upbringing at Moscow University, where he attended lectures on the history and theory of literature, archeology and the history of fine arts. At the University, he attended Rajic's poetry club and did not stop writing poetry. He is interested in the works of Russian authors, and he responds to them (for example, to Pushkin’s ode “Liberty”). At the University, Tyutchev reads a lot, expanding his education.
After graduating from the University in 1821 with a candidate's degree, Tyutchev went to St. Petersburg, then abroad, where he spent 22 years in the diplomatic service.
Tyutchev emerged as an original poet by the end of the 1820s. The basis of Tyutchev's lyrics is the contemplation of nature and penetration into its world, into its secret, intimate life. Tyutchev’s nature is full of contradictions, saturated with sounds and colors, it is full of internal movement.
Reading Tyutchev's poems, you can easily be convinced that Tyutchev's nature is a living, feeling organism. She can “frown”, her “claps of thunder” can become bold and angry, and the sun can look at the earth “from under her brows”. The reader seems to see how nature lives, how it breathes, what happens in it. This is how Tyutchev reveals the secrets of nature for us, helping us to comprehend them.
Tyutchev had 9 children. Wife: Eleonora Fedorovna Tyutcheva (married from 1826 to 1838), Ernestina Pfeffel (married from 1839 to 1873),