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Planets of the Solar System
From history In ancient times, people knew only five planets: Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter and Saturn, only they can be seen with the naked eye. Uranus, Neptune and Pluto were discovered using telescopes in 1781, 1846 and 1930. For a long time, astronomers studied the planets by observing them from Earth. They determined that all the planets, except Pluto, move in circular orbits in the same plane and in the same direction, calculated the sizes of the planets and the distances from them to the Sun, formed their idea of the structure of the planets, and even assumed that Venus and Mars could be similar Earth, and there may be life on them. The launch of automatic space stations to the planets made it possible to significantly expand, and in many ways revise, ideas about the planets: it became possible to see photographs of the surface, explore the soil and atmosphere of the planets.
Pluto There are 8 planets in the solar system. Previously it was believed that 9, but on August 24, 2006, the International Astronomical Union removed Pluto from the list of planets in the Solar System and declared it a dwarf planet. The decision to consider Pluto a dwarf planet was made after astronomers discovered about 50 other planets in the solar system whose size was comparable to the size of Pluto.
Planet size ratio
Earth compared to other planets
Mercury The smallest planet is Mercury, its diameter is 4879 km. Mercury is smaller than Jupiter's moon Ganymede and Saturn's moon Titan.
Mercury Mercury is a small planet, slightly larger than the Moon. Its surface is also dotted with craters from collisions with meteorites. No geological processes have erased these dents from his face. Mercury is cold inside. It moves around the Sun faster than other planets, but around its axis very slowly. Having circled the Sun twice, Mercury only has time to turn around its axis three times. Because of this, the temperature on the sunny side of the planet exceeds 300 degrees, and on the unlit side there is darkness and severe cold. Mercury has virtually no atmosphere.
Venus The brightest planet is Venus. As you know, the planets themselves do not glow, but only reflect sunlight. Special clouds in the atmosphere of Venus reflect up to 76% of incoming sunlight. Venus is the third brightest object visible from Earth. The first object is, of course, the Sun, and the second is the Moon. But the Moon is not brighter than Venus, it is simply closer to the Earth.
Exploring Venus is not easy. It is enveloped in a thick layer of clouds, under which the pressure is a hundred times higher than on Earth, and the surface temperature is about 500 degrees, which is caused by the “greenhouse effect.” The Soviet automatic station “Venera - 9” for the first time managed to transmit to Earth images of a surface filled with lava and covered with stones. In the conditions of Venus, the apparatus lowered to the surface of the planet quickly breaks down, so American scientists decided to obtain data on the planet’s topography in a different way. The Magellan robotic station, having flown around Venus many times, probed the planet with radar, resulting in a comprehensive picture of the surface. In some places, the relief of Venus is similar to that of Earth, but mostly the landscapes are strange: high mountainous round areas surrounded by mountain ranges 250 - 300 km in diameter, the entire area of which is occupied by volcanoes; other volcanic formations resemble cakes with steep edges and a flat top. The surface of the planet is cut by channels laid by lava. Traces of active volcanic activity are visible everywhere. Meteor craters on the surface of Venus are distributed evenly, which means that its surface took shape at the same time. Scientists cannot explain how this could happen; Venus seemed to boil and be flooded with lava. Now volcanic activity is not detected on the planet.
The atmosphere of Venus is not at all similar to that of Earth; it mainly consists of carbon dioxide. The thickness of the gas shell of Venus, compared to the earth's, is monstrously large. The cloud layer reaches 20 km. The presence of a concentrated aqueous solution of sulfuric acid was detected in them. Sunlight does not reach the surface of Venus, twilight reigns there, sulfur rain falls, and the landscape is constantly illuminated by flashes of lightning. High in the planet's atmosphere, constant winds rage, driving clouds at tremendous speed; the upper layer of the Venusian atmosphere makes a complete revolution around the planet within four Earth days. The solid body of Venus, on the contrary, rotates around its axis very slowly and in a different direction than all the other planets. Venus has no satellites.
Mars In the 20th century, the planet Mars was chosen by science fiction writers; in their novels, the Martian civilization was incomparably higher than the earthly one. The mysterious, inaccessible Mars began to reveal its secrets when Soviet and American automatic spacecraft began to be sent to study it. The Mariner 9 station, orbiting Mars, took photographs of all areas of the planet, which made it possible to create a detailed map of the surface relief. Researchers have discovered traces of active geological processes on the planet: huge volcanoes, the largest of them, Olympus Mons, 25 km high, and a huge fault in the Martian crust, called Valles Marineris, which crosses an eighth of the planet. Gigantic structures grew in the same place for billions of years, unlike the Earth with its drifting continents, the surface of Mars did not move. The geological structures of the Earth, compared to those on Mars, are dwarfs. Are volcanoes active on Mars now? Scientists believe that geological activity on the planet is obviously a thing of the past.
Martian landscapes are dominated by reddish rocky deserts. Light transparent clouds float above them in the pink sky. The sky turns blue at sunset. The atmosphere of Mars is very thin. Every few years there are dust storms that cover almost the entire surface of the planet. A day on Mars lasts 24 hours 37 minutes, the inclination of the axis of rotation of Mars to the orbital plane is almost the same as that of the Earth, so the change of seasons on Mars is quite consistent with the change of seasons on Earth. The planet is poorly heated by the Sun, so its surface temperature even on a summer day does not exceed 0 degrees, and in winter, frozen carbon dioxide settles on the rocks due to the severe cold, and the Polar Caps are mainly made of it. No traces of life have yet been found. From Earth, Mars is visible as a reddish star, which is probably why it bears the name of the god of war, Mars. His two companions were named Phobos and Deimos, which translated from ancient Greek means “fear” and “horror.” The satellites of Mars are space “rocks” of irregular shape. Phobos measures 18km x 22km, and Deimos measures 10km x 16km.
Jupiter The largest planet is Jupiter, the fifth planet from the Sun. This gas giant is 2.5 times heavier than all the other planets combined. The equatorial diameter of Jupiter is 143,884 km, which is approximately 11 times the diameter of the Earth. The planet with the largest number of satellites is Jupiter. Until 2001, it was believed that Saturn, but in recent years more than 20 satellites of Jupiter have been discovered - today it has 63 known satellites, and Saturn has 60.
Jupiter is the largest planet in the solar system. It does not have a solid surface and consists mainly of hydrogen and helium. Due to the high speed of rotation around its axis, it is noticeably compressed at the poles. Jupiter has a huge magnetic field; if it became visible, it would look the size of the solar disk from Earth. In the photographs, scientists were able to see only clouds in the planet’s atmosphere, which create stripes parallel to the equator. But they moved with great speed, bizarrely changing their shape. Numerous vortices, auroras and lightning flashes were recorded in the cloud cover of Jupiter. On the planet, wind speeds reach one hundred kilometers per hour. The most amazing formation in the atmosphere of Jupiter is a large red spot 3 times the size of the Earth. Astronomers have observed it since the 17th century. It is possible that this is the tip of a gigantic tornado. Jupiter releases more energy than it receives from the Sun. Scientists believe that in the center of the planet, gases are compressed to the state of a metallic liquid. This hot core is the power plant that generates winds and a monstrous magnetic field.
Moons of Jupiter
Moons of Jupiter There are 16 known moons of Jupiter. The largest of them, Io, Europa, Callisto and Ganymede, were discovered by Galileo; they are visible even with strong binoculars. It was believed that the satellites of all planets are similar to the Moon - they are cold and lifeless. But Jupiter's moons surprised researchers. Io is the size of the Moon, but it is the first celestial body other than Earth on which active volcanoes have been discovered. Io is completely covered in volcanoes. Its surface is washed by multi-colored lava flows, volcanoes emit sulfur. But what is the reason for the active volcanic activity of such a small cosmic body? Revolving around the huge Jupiter, Io either approaches it or moves away. Under the influence of either increasing or decreasing gravitational force, Io either contracts or expands. Friction forces heated its inner layers to enormous temperatures. Io's volcanic activity is incredible, its surface changing before our eyes. Io moves in Jupiter's powerful magnetic field, so it accumulates a huge electrical charge, which is discharged onto Jupiter in the form of a continuous stream of lightning, causing storms on the planet.
Jupiter's moons Europa has a relatively smooth surface, with virtually no relief. It is covered with a layer of ice, and it is likely that the ocean is hidden underneath it. Instead of molten rocks, water oozes from cracks here. This is a completely new type of geological activity. Ganymede is the largest moon in the solar system. Its size is almost the same as that of Mercury. Callisto is dark and cold, its surface pitted with meteorite craters has not changed for billions of years.
Saturn Saturn, like Jupiter, does not have a solid surface - it is a gas giant planet. It also consists of hydrogen and helium, but it is cooler, since it produces less heat itself and receives less of it from the Sun. But on Saturn the winds are faster than on Jupiter. Stripes, vortices and other formations are observed in the atmosphere of Saturn, but they are short-lived and irregular.
Naturally, scientists' attention was directed to the rings that surround the planet's equator. They were discovered by astronomers back in the 17th century, and since then scientists have been trying to understand what they are. Photos of the rings transmitted to earth by an automatic space station surprised researchers. They were able to identify several hundred rings nested inside one another, some intertwined with each other, dark stripes were found on the rings that appeared and disappeared, they were called knitting needles. Scientists were able to see the rings of Saturn from a fairly close distance, but they had more questions than answers. In addition to the rings, 15 satellites move around Saturn. The largest of them is Titan, slightly smaller than Mercury. Titan's dense atmosphere is much thicker than Earth's and consists almost entirely of nitrogen; it did not allow us to see the surface of the satellite, but scientists suggest that the internal structure of Titan is similar to the structure of the Earth. The temperature at its surface is below minus 200 degrees.
Uranus Uranus differs from all other planets in that its axis of rotation lies almost in the plane of its orbit, all planets look like a toy top, and Uranus rotates as if “lying on its side.” Voyager was able to “see” little in the atmosphere of Uranus; the planet turned out to be very monotonous in appearance. There are 5 satellites orbiting Uranus
Neptune It took Voyager 12 years to reach Neptune. How surprised the scientists were when, on the outskirts of the solar system, they saw a planet very similar to Earth. It was a deep blue color, with white clouds moving in different directions in the atmosphere. The winds on Neptune blow much stronger than on other planets. There is so little energy on Neptune that the wind, once it picks up, cannot stop. Scientists have discovered a system of rings around Neptune, but they are incomplete and represent arcs; there is no explanation for this yet. Neptune and Uranus are also giant planets, but not gas, but ice.
Moons of Neptune
Moons of Neptune Neptune has 3 moons. One of them is that Triton rotates in the direction opposite to the direction of rotation of Neptune itself. Perhaps it did not form in Neptune's gravitational zone, but was pulled toward the planet when it came close to it and fell into its gravitational zone. Triton is the coldest body in the solar system, its surface temperature is slightly above absolute zero (minus 273 degrees). But nitrogen geysers were discovered on Triton, which indicates its geological activity.
Counting table M - Marina V- cooked Z - strawberries M - raspberries Y- Julia S - ate U-y N- her P- half Mars Venus Earth Mars Jupiter Saturn Uranus Neptune Pluto
Topic: Planets of the Solar System. Subject: The world around us. Completed by: Kazakova E.S. primary school teacher
Project goal: To tell about the planets of the solar system. Objectives: Show the relationship of all the planets of the solar system.
SOLAR SYSTEM consists of a central body - the Sun and 9 large planets revolving around it.
Mercury
Venus
Earth
Mars
Sun
The sun is an ordinary star - a hot ball of gas that shines on its own due to the high surface temperature.
Mercury. - the planet closest to the Sun and the smallest of all the planets, not counting Pluto. It completes its entire orbit around the Sun in just 88 days. Mercury's surface is hot enough to melt tin and lead. Mercury has no atmosphere, so heat is not retained there.
Venus is the second planet from the sun. It is surrounded by a fairly dense atmosphere, and the surface is constantly covered by dense layers of clouds. The atmosphere is mainly composed of carbon dioxide. The surface of Venus is covered with hundreds of thousands of volcanoes. There are several very large ones: 3 km high. and a width of 500 km. Venus can be observed an hour after sunset or an hour before sunrise. Venus has no moons.
Earth is the third planet from the Sun. The Earth appears blue from space - this color is given by the surrounding atmosphere, which contains oxygen, and the oceans. The Earth was formed approximately 4.7 billion years ago from a cloud of gas and dust in which the Sun was born. The Earth has a satellite - the Moon. The earth rotates around its axis and alternately exposes the star to different directions. Day begins on the side of the planet facing the Sun, and night reigns on the opposite side at this time.
Mars is the fourth planet from the Sun. The atmosphere of Mars consists of carbon dioxide and nitrogen. Water vapor, oxygen and argon are present in small quantities. The climate of Mars is that of a cold, dehydrated high desert with mountains and volcanoes. For example, the highest volcano, Olympus, rises almost 30 km! The average distance from the Sun to the red planet is 228 million km.
Jupiter is the fifth planet from the Sun, the largest planet in the Solar System. Jupiter is not a rocky planet. To date, Jupiter has 28 known satellites. The distance from the Sun to Jupiter is 778 million km.
Saturn, the sixth planet from the Sun, has an amazing ring system. Saturn's atmosphere is mainly hydrogen and helium. The winds on Saturn are very strong. Saturn has rings made up of thousands of small, solid pieces of rock and ice that orbit the planet.
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Uranus is the seventh planet from the Sun. Uranus was discovered by accident. It turns out that Uranus had been observed before, but as a star. The atmosphere on Uranus is made up of hydrogen, helium and methane, which is why Uranus appears blue. Uranus has rings, they are very faint, but, like the rings of Saturn, they contain many rather large particles. At the center of Uranus is a core made of rock and iron. Uranus has 15 satellites.
Neptune is the eighth planet from the Sun and the fourth largest among the planets. And just like Earth and Uranus, it is blue. This planet has 8 satellites. Rocks and dark stripes of volcanic origin were found on the surface of the satellite. Neptune is the god of the seas in Roman mythology.
Our planet Earth, on which we live, is part of the solar system. In the center of the solar system, a hot star shines brightly - the Sun. Eight main planets revolve around it at different distances from the Sun. One of them, the third in a row, is our Earth.
Each planet has its own orbit in which it moves around the Sun. A complete revolution around the Sun is called a year. On Earth it lasts 365 days. On planets that are closer to the Sun, a year lasts less, and on those that are further away, a full revolution can take several Earth years. The planets also rotate around their axis. One such complete revolution is called a day. On Earth, a day (a revolution around its axis) is approximately 24 hours (more precisely 23 hours 56 minutes 4 seconds).
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Sun
A bright star located at the center of the solar system. The sun, like a hot ball of fire, distributes heat to its nearby planets. True, those planets that are very close to the Sun (Mercury and Venus) are very hot, and those that are further than Mars are very cold, because the warm rays almost do not reach them. But on planet Earth, the temperature turned out to be neither low nor high, which was very convenient for the emergence and development of life on it.
Mercury 
This smallest planet is closest to the Sun. At the same time, almost all the time it turns to the Sun with one side. Therefore, on one side of Mercury it is very hot, and on the other it is very cold.
Venus 
Second planet from the Sun. On it, like on Earth, there is an atmosphere, it is a kind of air shell. Only, unlike our earthly one, it consists not of oxygen, but mostly of carbon dioxide. Therefore, it is impossible to breathe on Venus, and it is very, very hot on its surface. So there are no plants, no animals, no bacteria there.
Earth 
This blue planet, the third from the Sun, is our common home. Here we live, animals, people, fish, birds - all under one roof. And the roof of planet Earth consists of an atmosphere in which there is a huge amount of oxygen necessary for life. Here we build our world, write history and from here we observe other planets and stars. And planet Earth also has a little friend - the Moon, which is a satellite of the Earth.
Mars 
Little red planet, the fourth in a row. There is very little oxygen on it, almost none. There is also almost no water, although scientists are constantly looking for it, because once upon a time there may have been a lot of it on Mars. Then, many, many years ago, there could have been rivers, seas and oceans on the planet, but then something happened and the water disappeared. This mystery has yet to be solved.
Jupiter 
The largest, fifth planet in the solar system. Jupiter is made of gas and is called a gas giant. Storms and whirlwind winds constantly occur on its surface, and the planet itself, despite its size, rotates very quickly around its axis, like a top.
Saturn 
A beautiful and unusual planet, sixth from the Sun. Its amazing feature, which can be seen from Earth through a telescope, is the ring around the planet. The ring looks like a disk, only in reality it is not a solid disk, but thousands, thousands of small stones, asteroid fragments and dust.
Uranus 
A mysterious planet, the seventh in a row, which for unknown reasons lies on its side and rotates completely differently from other planets. Uranus has an unusual blue color and looks like a round ball with a smooth surface.
Neptune 
The icy, very cold planet, the eighth in a row, is very far from the Sun, so the sun's rays almost do not reach the surface of this blue planet. Strong winds blow on Neptune and therefore the weather on it is not just winter, but by cosmic standards, completely cold, so that everything on it, even gas, turns into ice.
Pluto 
Once upon a time, this planet was the ninth in a row and was part of the solar system, but it turned out that it was too small to be called a planet and is now called a dwarf planet and is not allowed to visit adult planets. Maybe Pluto is still just a baby and just needs to grow up)
Preparing for the launch of our spacecraft.
Yes
No
- Earth is one of the planets in the solar system.
- The Sun is the closest star to us, a hot ball.
- The mass of the Earth is 330 times the mass of the Sun.
- Specialists who study astronomy are called astronauts.
- The Earth moves around the Sun.
- You can observe the Sun even during the day, looking through binoculars or a telescope.
The planets near the Sun dance like children:
We meet the Earth next to the Moon
And the fiery Mars that circles behind the Earth.
Behind them is Jupiter, the giant of all,
The last three are barely distinguishable,
Gloomy and cold, but we can distinguish them:
Uranus and Neptune, and little Pluto.
- The planets near the Sun dance like children: Mercury starts their round dance, A little further Venus floats in space. We meet the Earth next to the Moon and the fiery Mars that circles behind the Earth. Behind them is Jupiter, the giant of all, And then we see Saturn in the rings. The last three are barely distinguishable, gloomy and cold, but we can distinguish them: Uranus and Neptune, and little Pluto.
- The planets near the Sun dance like children: Mercury starts their round dance, A little further Venus floats in space. We meet the Earth next to the Moon and the fiery Mars that circles behind the Earth. Behind them is Jupiter, the giant of all, And then we see Saturn in the rings. The last three are barely distinguishable, gloomy and cold, but we can distinguish them: Uranus and Neptune, and little Pluto.
- The planets near the Sun dance like children: Mercury starts their round dance, A little further Venus floats in space. We meet the Earth next to the Moon and the fiery Mars that circles behind the Earth. Behind them is Jupiter, the giant of all, And then we see Saturn in the rings. The last three are barely distinguishable, gloomy and cold, but we can distinguish them: Uranus and Neptune, and little Pluto.
Earth is the third planet from the Sun. It is called the “blue planet” because the Earth has a lot of water and it has an air shell - an atmosphere that gives the planet a blue tint. The Earth has a natural satellite - Moon .
Mars is named after the Roman god of war for its red color, reminiscent of the color of blood. There is a lot of iron on the surface of the planet, which, when oxidized, gives a red color. There are two small satellites flying around the Red Planet, as Mars is also called: Phobos And Deimos(which translated means Fear and Horror - that was the name of the sons of the god of war). At night, the temperature on Mars drops to minus 85 degrees.
Saturn, the sixth planet from the Sun, is named after the Roman god of agriculture. It is surrounded by many bright rings consisting of fragments of ice and stones.
Uranus is the seventh planet from the Sun. This is the first planet to be discovered using a telescope, significantly expanding the boundaries of the solar system. Uranus is not visible to the naked eye.
The planet Neptune is named after the Roman god of the seas. It shimmers with a bluish color, reminiscent of the shine of water. The distant and cold planet became the first planet discovered as a result of theoretical calculations based on disturbances in the observed motion of the planet Uranus.
Pluto is so far from the Sun that incredible cold reigns on its surface - up to minus 230 degrees. This smallest planet is composed mainly of rock and ice. It is named after the Roman god - lord of the underworld,
kingdom of the dead.
Minor planets
Asteroids are small planets of the Solar System, differing from other planets in their small sizes (diameter from approximately 1 to 1000 km).
Meteorites are sometimes called “shooting stars”: many have seen a bright line cutting through the night sky.
Meteorites are the smallest cosmic bodies observable from Earth.
Unlike other celestial bodies, comets have a very unusual appearance and orbits different from those of the planets. They are often called “tailed guests,” because some comets can only be observed once every millennium.
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"Planets of the Solar System"
ABOVE SPACE
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Planets of the solar system Sun Mercury Venus Earth Mars Jupiter Saturn Uranus Neptune Pluto
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The solar system consists of planets that revolve around our sun. The solar system also consists of satellites, comets, asteroids, minor planets, dust and gas. Everything in the solar system revolves around the sun. The Sun is so huge that its powerful gravity attracts all other objects in the solar system. But there are also satellites - these are celestial bodies that revolve around their planet. There are 9 planets in the solar system (if you count Pluto). The solar system includes four inner planets: Mercury, Venus, Earth and Mars and four outer planets: Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune.
"Planets of the Solar System"
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The sun is the largest object in the solar system and is a million times larger than the earth. It is a bright star, like others we see in the night sky, located at the center of the solar system. The surface of the Sun is terribly hot - 6 thousand degrees, almost everything here will melt. The sun, like a hot ball of fire, distributes heat to its nearby planets. True, those planets that are very close to the Sun are very hot, and those that are further away are very cold, because the warm rays almost do not reach them. But on planet Earth, the temperature turned out to be neither low nor high, which was very convenient for the emergence and development of life on it.
"SUN"
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This smallest planet is closest to the Sun. At the same time, almost all the time it turns to the Sun with one side. Therefore, on one side of Mercury it is very hot, and on the other it is very cold. Mercury is 2 times smaller than Earth. Almost all of Mercury is made of iron. Mercury is sometimes visible from earth, especially in the morning or after sunset. The planet is named after the ancient Roman god of trade, Mercury. Its surface is mountainous, covered with craters, but there are also smooth plains. Temperatures on the planet range from −180 to +430°C. Mercury has no natural satellites.
"Mercury"
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Second planet from the Sun. It is almost the same size, weight and composition as the Earth. On it, like on Earth, there is an atmosphere, it is a kind of air shell. Only, unlike our earthly one, it consists not of oxygen, but mostly of carbon dioxide. Therefore, it is impossible to breathe on Venus, and it is very, very hot on its surface. So there are no plants, no animals, no bacteria there. The planet got its name in honor of Venus, the ancient Roman goddess of love. This is the hottest planet, its surface temperature exceeds 400 °C. Venus has no natural satellites.
"Venus"
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The blue planet, the third from the Sun, is our common home. 30% of the Earth is covered by land, 70% by oceans and seas. Here we live, animals, people, fish, birds - all under one roof. And the roof of planet Earth consists of an atmosphere in which there is a huge amount of oxygen necessary for life. Here we build our world, write history and from here we observe other planets and stars. Temperature from -89% to +63%. And planet Earth also has a little friend - the Moon, which is the only satellite of the Earth.
"Earth"
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"Mars"
Little red planet, the fourth in a row. There is very little oxygen on it, almost none. There is also almost no water, although scientists are constantly looking for it, because once upon a time there may have been a lot of it on Mars. Then, many, many years ago, there could have been rivers, seas and oceans on the planet, but then something happened and the water disappeared. This mystery has yet to be solved. Mars has very high mountains, deep depressions and volcanoes. The planet is named after Mars, the ancient Roman god of war. The temperature on the planet is from −153 to +20 °C. Mars has two natural satellites - Phobos and Deimos.
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"Jupiter"
The largest, fifth planet in the solar system. Jupiter is made of gas and is called a gas giant. Jupiter is so big that it can hold 1,000 planets, just like Earth. On its surface there are constantly storms and whirlwinds of winds, storms, lightning, auroras, and the planet itself rotates very quickly around its axis, like a top. The name Jupiter comes from the name of the ancient Roman supreme god of thunder. Jupiter has 67 satellites.
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"Saturn"
A beautiful and unusual planet, sixth from the Sun. Saturn is similar to Jupiter, but much smaller, the lightest planet. Its amazing feature, which can be seen from Earth through a telescope, is the rings around the planet. The rings look like a disk, only in reality it is not a solid disk, but thousands, thousands of small stones, asteroid fragments and dust. The planet is named after the Roman god of agriculture, Saturn. The surface temperature is low from −150 °C to -120 °C. There are 62 satellites orbiting the planet. Titan is the largest of them.
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"Uranus"
A mysterious planet, the seventh in a row, which for unknown reasons lies on its side and rotates completely differently from other planets, it rotates in the opposite direction. Uranus is called an ice giant because it is very cold and made of ice and rocks. It does not have a hard surface. Uranus has an unusual blue color and looks like a round ball with a smooth surface. The planet is named after the Greek god of the sky, Uranus. The temperature on the planet is −220 °C. There are 27 satellites orbiting the planet.