Most of the water resources on Earth are polluted. Even if our planet is covered with 70% water, not all of it is suitable for human use. Rapid industrialization, misuse of scarce water resources and many other factors play a role in the process of water pollution. Every year, about 400 billion tons of waste are generated worldwide. Most of this waste is dumped into water bodies. Of the total water on Earth, only 3% is fresh water. If this fresh water becomes polluted continuously, then the water crisis will turn into a serious problem in the near future. Therefore, it is necessary to take proper care of our water resources. The facts about water pollution around the world presented in this article should help in understanding the seriousness of this problem.
Facts and figures of water pollution in the world
Water pollution is a problem that affects almost every country in the world. If proper steps are not taken to control this menace, it will lead to disastrous consequences in the near future. The facts related to water pollution are presented through the following points.
Rivers in the Asian continent are the most polluted. Lead levels found in these rivers are 20 times higher than in water bodies of industrialized countries on other continents. The bacteria found in these rivers (from human waste) is three times higher than the world average.
In Ireland, chemical fertilizers and wastewater are the main water pollutants. About 30% of the rivers in this country are polluted.
Groundwater pollution is a serious problem in Bangladesh. Arsenic is one of the major pollutants that affects water quality in this country. About 85% of the total area of Bangladesh has groundwater contaminated. This means that more than 1.2 million citizens of this country are exposed to the harmful effects of arsenic-contaminated water.
The King River in Australia, the Murray, is one of the most polluted rivers in the world. As a result, 100,000 different mammals, about 1 million birds and several other creatures died due to exposure to the acidic water present in this river.
America's situation with regard to water pollution is not much different from the rest of the world. It has been noted that about 40% of rivers in the United States are polluted. For this reason, water from these rivers should not be used for drinking, bathing or any similar activities. These rivers are unable to support aquatic life. Forty-six percent of lakes in the United States are unsuitable for supporting aquatic life.
Contaminants in water from the construction industry include: cement, gypsum, metal, abrasives, etc. These materials are much more harmful than biological waste.
Thermal water pollution caused by hot water runoff from industrial enterprises is increasing. Rising water temperatures are a threat to ecological balance. Many aquatic life is losing its life due to thermal pollution.
Drainage caused by rainfall is one of the main causes of water pollution. Waste materials such as oils, chemicals emitted from automobiles, household chemicals, etc. are the major pollutants from urban areas. Mineral and organic fertilizers and pesticide residues make up the bulk of pollutants.
Oil spills in the oceans are one of the global problems that are responsible for water pollution on a large scale. Thousands of fish and other aquatic creatures are killed by oil spills every year. In addition to oil, huge amounts of practically non-degradable waste, such as all kinds of plastic products, have also been found in the oceans. The facts of water pollution in the world indicate an impending global problem and this article should help gain a deeper understanding about it.
A process of eutrophication occurs, in which the water in reservoirs deteriorates to a significant extent. Eutrophication causes excessive growth of phytoplankton. The oxygen level in the water decreases to a great extent and thus the life of fish and other living creatures of the water are threatened.
Water pollution control
It is necessary to understand that the water we pollute can harm us in the long run. Once toxic chemicals enter the food chain, people have no choice but to live and carry them in the body system. Reducing the use of chemical fertilizers is one of the best ways to purify water from polluting elements. Otherwise, these leached chemicals will continually pollute the water bodies on earth. Efforts are being made to solve the problem of water pollution. However, this problem cannot be completely solved because effective measures must be taken to eliminate it. Considering the rate at which we are damaging the ecosystem, it becomes necessary to follow strict rules in reducing water pollution. Lakes and rivers on planet Earth are becoming increasingly polluted. Here are the facts of water pollution in the world and the efforts of the people and governments of all countries need to be concentrated and organized to properly help minimize the problems.
Rethinking the facts about water pollution
Water is the Earth's most valuable strategic resource. Continuing the topic of facts of water pollution in the world, we present new information that scientists have provided in the context of this problem. If we take into account all water reserves, then no more than 1% of the water is clean and suitable for drinking. Drinking contaminated water causes the death of 3.4 million people every year, and this figure is only increasing in the future. To avoid this fate, do not drink water anywhere, especially from rivers and lakes. If you cannot buy bottled water, use water purification methods. At a minimum, this is boiling, but it is better to use special cleaning filters.
Another problem is the availability of drinking water. So in many regions of Africa and Asia it is very difficult to find sources of clean water. Residents of these parts of the world often walk several kilometers a day to get water. Naturally, in these places, some people die not only from drinking dirty water, but also from dehydration.
Considering the facts about water, it is worth emphasizing that over 3.5 thousand liters of water are lost every day, which splashes out and evaporates from river basins.
To solve the problem of pollution and lack of drinking water in the world, it needs to attract public attention and the attention of organizations that can solve it. If the governments of all countries make an effort and organize the rational use of water resources, the situation in many countries will improve significantly. However, we forget that everything depends on ourselves. If people themselves save water, we can continue to enjoy this benefit. For example, a billboard was installed in Peru with information about the problem of clean water. This attracts the attention of the people of the country and improves their awareness on this issue.
Water pollution
Any actions performed by a person with water lead to a change in both its physical properties (for example, when heated) and its chemical composition (in places of industrial wastewater). Over time, substances that enter the water are grouped and remain in the same state. The first category includes domestic and most industrial wastewater. The second group includes various types of salts, pesticides, and dyes. Let's take a closer look at some pollutants.
Settlements
This is one of the main factors affecting the condition of water. Fluid consumption per person per day in America is 750 liters. Of course, this is not the amount you need to drink. A person consumes water when washing, using it for cooking, and using the toilet. The main drain goes to the sewer. Water pollution increases depending on the number of residents living in a settlement. Each city has its own treatment facilities, where sewage is purified from bacteria and viruses that can seriously harm the human body. The purified liquid is discharged into rivers. Water pollution from household waste is also increasing because, in addition to bacteria, it contains food debris, soap, paper and other substances that negatively affect its condition.
Industry
Any developed state must have its own plants and factories. This is the largest factor causing water pollution. The liquid is used in technological processes; it serves both for cooling and heating the product; various aqueous solutions are used in chemical reactions. More than 50% of all discharges come from four main liquid consumers: oil refineries, steel foundries and blast furnaces, and the pulp and paper industry. Due to the fact that the disposal of hazardous waste is often an order of magnitude more expensive than its primary treatment, in most cases, along with industrial wastewater, a large number of various substances are discharged into water bodies. Chemical water pollution leads to disruption of the entire ecological situation in the entire region.
Thermal impact
Most power plants use steam energy to operate. In this case, water acts as a coolant; after completing the process, it is simply discharged back into the river. The temperature of the current in such places may increase by several degrees. This effect is called thermal water pollution, however, there are a number of objections to this term, since in some cases an increase in temperature can lead to an improvement in the environmental situation.
Water pollution with oil
Hydrocarbons are one of the main sources of energy on the entire planet. Tanker wrecks and ruptures in oil pipelines form a film on the water surface through which air cannot flow. Spilled substances envelop marine life, often leading to their death. Both volunteers and special equipment are involved in eliminating pollution. Water is a life-giving source. It is she who gives life to almost every creature on our planet. A careless and irresponsible attitude towards it will lead to the fact that the Earth will simply turn into a sun-scorched desert. Already, some countries are experiencing water shortages. Of course, there are projects to use Arctic ice, but the best solution to the problem is to reduce overall water pollution.
Pollution of water bodies– discharge or otherwise entering water bodies (surface and underground), as well as the formation in them of harmful substances that worsen the quality of water, limit their use or negatively affect the condition of the bottom and banks of water bodies; anthropogenic introduction of various pollutants into the aquatic ecosystem, the impact of which on living organisms exceeds the natural level, causing their oppression, degradation and death.
There are several types of water pollution:
Chemical water pollution seems to be the most dangerous at present due to the global scale of this process and the growing number of pollutants, including many xenobiotics, i.e. substances alien to aquatic and near-water ecosystems.
Pollutants enter the environment in liquid, solid, gaseous and aerosol form. The routes of their entry into the aquatic environment are varied: directly into water bodies, through the atmosphere with precipitation and during dry deposition, through the drainage area with surface, intrasoil and underground water flow.
Sources of pollutants can be divided into concentrated, distributed, or diffuse, and linear.
Concentrated runoff comes from enterprises and utilities and, as a rule, is controlled in volume and composition by the relevant services and can be managed, in particular through the construction of treatment facilities. Diffuse runoff comes irregularly from built-up areas, unequipped landfills and landfills, agricultural fields and livestock farms, as well as from precipitation. This runoff is generally unmonitored and unregulated.
Sources of diffuse runoff are also zones of anomalous technogenic soil pollution, which systematically “feed” water bodies with hazardous substances. Such zones were formed, for example, after the Chernobyl accident. These are also lenses of liquid waste, for example, petroleum products, solid waste burial sites, the waterproofing of which is broken.
It is almost impossible to control the flow of pollutants from such sources; the only way is to prevent their formation.
Global pollution is a sign of today. Natural and man-made flows of chemicals are comparable in scale; For some substances (primarily metals), the intensity of anthropogenic turnover is many times greater than the intensity of the natural cycle.
Acid precipitation, formed as a result of nitrogen and sulfur oxides entering the atmosphere, significantly changes the behavior of microelements in water bodies and their catchment areas. The process of removal of microelements from soils is activated, water acidification occurs in reservoirs, which negatively affects all aquatic ecosystems.
An important consequence of water pollution is the accumulation of pollutants in the bottom sediments of water bodies. Under certain conditions, they are released into the water mass, causing an increase in pollution in the apparent absence of pollution from wastewater.
Dangerous water pollutants include oil and petroleum products. Their sources are all stages of oil production, transportation and refining, as well as consumption of petroleum products. In Russia, tens of thousands of medium and large accidental oil and petroleum product spills occur annually. A lot of oil gets into the water due to leaks in oil and product pipelines, on railways, and on the territory of oil storage facilities. Natural oil is a mixture of dozens of individual hydrocarbons, some of which are toxic. It also contains heavy metals (for example molybdenum and vanadium), radionuclides (uranium and thorium).
The main process of transformation of hydrocarbons in the natural environment is biodegradation. However, its speed is low and depends on the hydrometeorological situation. In the northern regions, where the main Russian oil reserves are concentrated, the rate of oil biodegradation is very low. Some of the oil and insufficiently oxidized hydrocarbons fall to the bottom of water bodies, where the rate of their oxidation is practically zero. Substances such as polyaromatic hydrocarbons of petroleum, including 3,4-benzo(a)pyrene, exhibit increased stability in water. An increase in its concentration poses a real danger to the organisms of the aquatic ecosystem.
Another dangerous component of water pollution is pesticides. Migrating in the form of suspensions, they settle to the bottom of water bodies. Bottom sediments are the main reservoir for the accumulation of pesticides and other persistent organic pollutants, which ensures their long-term circulation in aquatic ecosystems. In food chains their concentration increases many times over. Thus, compared to the content in bottom silt, the concentration of DDT in algae increases 10 times, in zooplankton (crustaceans) - 100 times, in fish - 1000 times, in predatory fish - 10,000 times.
A number of pesticides have structures unknown to nature and therefore resistant to biotransformation. These pesticides include organochlorine pesticides, which are extremely toxic and persistent in the aquatic environment and in soils. Representatives such as DDT are banned, but traces of this substance are still found in nature.
Persistent substances include dioxins and polychlorinated biphenyls. Some of them have exceptional toxicity that surpasses the most powerful poisons. For example, the maximum permissible concentration of dioxins in surface and groundwater in the USA is 0.013 ng/l, in Germany - 0.01 ng/l. They actively accumulate in food chains, especially in the final links of these chains - in animals. The highest concentrations are observed in fish.
Polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) enter the environment with energy and transport waste. Among them, benzo(a)pyrene accounts for 70–80% of the emission mass. PAHs are classified as strong carcinogens.
Surfactants (surfactants) are usually not toxic, but form a film on the surface of water that disrupts gas exchange between water and the atmosphere. Phosphates included in surfactants cause eutrophication of water bodies.
The use of mineral and organic fertilizers leads to contamination of soils, surface and ground waters with nitrogen compounds, phosphorus, and microelements. Pollution with phosphorus compounds is the main cause of eutrophication of water bodies; the greatest threat to the biota of water bodies is posed by blue-green algae, or cyanobacteria, which multiply in huge quantities during the warm season in water bodies prone to eutrophication. When these organisms die and decompose, acutely toxic substances – cyanotoxins – are released. About 20% of all phosphorus pollution in water bodies comes from agricultural landscapes, 45% comes from livestock farming and municipal wastewater, and more than a third comes from losses during transportation and storage of fertilizers.
Mineral fertilizers contain a large “bouquet” of microelements. Among them are heavy metals: chromium, lead, zinc, copper, arsenic, cadmium, nickel. They can negatively affect animals and humans.
The huge number of existing anthropogenic sources of pollution and the numerous ways in which pollutants enter water bodies make it practically impossible to completely eliminate pollution of water bodies. Therefore, it was necessary to determine water quality indicators that ensure the safety of water use by the population and the stability of aquatic ecosystems. The establishment of such indicators is called water quality standardization. In sanitary and hygienic standards, the focus is on the impact of dangerous concentrations of chemicals in water on human health, while in environmental standards, the priority is to ensure the protection of living organisms in the aquatic environment from them.
The indicator of maximum permissible concentrations (MAC) is based on the concept of the threshold of action of a pollutant. Below this threshold, the concentration of the substance is considered safe for organisms.
The classification of water bodies according to the nature and level of pollution allows for a classification that establishes four degrees of pollution of a water body: permissible (1-fold excess of MPC), moderate (3-fold excess of MPC), high (10-fold excess of MPC) and extremely high (100 - multiple excess of MPC).
Environmental regulation is designed to ensure the preservation of the sustainability and integrity of aquatic ecosystems. Using the principle of the “weak link” of an ecosystem allows us to estimate the concentration of pollutants that are acceptable for the most vulnerable component of the system. This concentration is accepted as acceptable for the entire ecosystem as a whole.
The degree of pollution of land waters is controlled by the State Monitoring of Water Bodies system. In 2007, sampling for physical and chemical indicators with the simultaneous determination of hydrological indicators was carried out at 1716 points (2390 sections).
In the Russian Federation, the problem of providing the population with good-quality drinking water remains unresolved. The main reason for this is the unsatisfactory condition of water supply sources. Rivers like
Pollution of aquatic ecosystems leads to a decrease in biodiversity and depletion of the gene pool. This is not the only, but important reason for the decline in biodiversity and numbers of aquatic species.
Protecting natural resources and ensuring the quality of natural waters is a task of national importance.
By Order of the Government of the Russian Federation of August 27, 2009 No. 1235-r, the Water Strategy of the Russian Federation for the period until 2020 was approved. It states that in order to improve the quality of water in water bodies, restore aquatic ecosystems and the recreational potential of water bodies, the following tasks must be solved:
To solve this problem, legislative, organizational, economic, technological measures are required, and most importantly, political will aimed at solving the formulated problems.
The presence of fresh, clean water is a necessary condition for the existence of all living organisms on the planet.
The share of fresh water suitable for consumption accounts for only 3% of its total quantity.
Despite this, people mercilessly pollute it in the process of their activities.
Thus, a very large volume of fresh water has now become completely unusable. A sharp deterioration in the quality of fresh water has occurred as a result of its contamination with chemical and radioactive substances, pesticides, synthetic fertilizers and sewage, and this is already.
Types of pollution
It is clear that all types of pollution that exist are also present in the aquatic environment.
This is a fairly extensive list.
In many ways, the solution to the pollution problem will be .
Heavy metals
During the operation of large factories, industrial wastewater is discharged into fresh water, the composition of which is replete with various types of heavy metals. Many of them, when entering the human body, have a detrimental effect on it, leading to severe poisoning and death. Such substances are called xenobiotics, that is, elements that are alien to a living organism. The class of xenobiotics includes elements such as cadmium, nickel, lead, mercury and many others.
There are known sources of water pollution with these substances. These are primarily metallurgical enterprises and automobile factories.
Natural processes on the planet can also contribute to pollution. For example, harmful compounds are found in large quantities in products of volcanic activity, which from time to time fall into lakes, polluting them.
But, of course, the anthropogenic factor is decisive here.
Radioactive substances
The development of the nuclear industry has caused significant harm to all life on the planet, including fresh water reservoirs. During the activities of nuclear enterprises, radioactive isotopes are formed, as a result of the decay of which particles with different penetrating abilities are released (alpha, beta and gamma particles). All of them are capable of causing irreparable harm to living beings, since when these elements enter the body, they damage its cells and contribute to the development of cancer. 
Sources of pollution can be:
- atmospheric precipitation falling in areas where nuclear tests are carried out;
- wastewater discharged into a reservoir by nuclear industry enterprises.
- ships operating using nuclear reactors (in case of an accident).
Inorganic contaminants
The main inorganic elements that worsen the quality of water in reservoirs are considered to be compounds of toxic chemical elements. These include toxic metal compounds, alkalis, and salts. As a result of these substances entering water, its composition changes for consumption by living organisms.
The main source of pollution is wastewater from large enterprises, factories, and mines. Some inorganic pollutants increase their negative properties when they are in an acidic environment. Thus, acidic wastewater coming from a coal mine contains aluminum, copper, and zinc in concentrations that are very dangerous for living organisms.
Every day, huge amounts of water from sewage flow into reservoirs.
This water contains a lot of pollutants. These include particles of detergents, small remains of food and household waste, and feces. These substances in the process of their decomposition give life to numerous pathogenic microorganisms.
If they enter the human body, they can provoke a number of serious diseases, such as dysentery and typhoid fever.
From large cities, such wastewater flows into rivers and the ocean.
Synthetic fertilizers
Synthetic fertilizers used by humans contain many harmful substances such as nitrates and phosphates. When they enter a body of water, they provoke excessive growth of a specific blue-green algae. Growing to enormous sizes, it interferes with the development of other plants in the reservoir, while the algae itself cannot serve as food for living organisms living in the water. All this leads to the disappearance of life in the reservoir and its waterlogging.
How to solve the problem of water pollution
Of course, there are ways to solve this problem.
It is known that most of the pollutants enter water bodies along with wastewater from large enterprises. Water purification is one of the ways to solve the problem of water pollution. Business owners should be concerned about installing high-quality wastewater treatment facilities. The presence of such devices, of course, is not able to completely stop the release of toxic substances, but they are quite capable of significantly reducing their concentration.
Household filters will also help combat contaminants in drinking water and purify it in the house.
People themselves must take care of the purity of fresh water. Following a few simple rules will help significantly reduce the level of water pollution:
- Tap water should be used sparingly.
- Avoid disposing of household waste into the sewer system.
- If possible, clear debris from nearby bodies of water and beaches.
- Do not use synthetic fertilizers. The best fertilizers are organic household waste, grass clippings, fallen leaves or compost.
- Dispose of discarded trash.
Despite the fact that the problem of water pollution is currently reaching alarming proportions, it is quite possible to solve it. To do this, each person must make some efforts and treat nature more carefully.
Classmates
2 Comments
Everyone knows that the percentage of water in the human body is large and our metabolism and overall health will depend on its quality. I see ways to solve this environmental problem in relation to our country: cutting water consumption standards to the minimum, and what is more - at inflated tariffs; The funds received will be used for the development of water treatment facilities (activated sludge treatment, ozonation).
Water is the source of all life. Neither people nor animals can live without it. I didn't think the problems with fresh water were that big. But it’s impossible to live a full life without mines, sewers, factories, etc. In the future, of course, humanity will have a solution to this problem, but what to do now? I believe that people should actively address the issue of water and take action.
Among the most important problems facing us, water pollution occupies a special place in Russia and throughout the world. Without this liquid, the existence of life as such is impossible. A person can live without food for up to 100 days, but without water he can last no more than 10 days. And this is not surprising. After all, water makes up a significant part of the human body. It is known that it makes up more than 60% of an adult’s body.
Quick navigation through the article
Main sources of hydrosphere pollution
All sources of water pollution in the world can be divided into two categories:
- natural;
- anthropogenic.
Natural sources of water pollution
Natural pollution of the hydrosphere is caused by the following reasons:
- volcanic activity;
- washing out of coastal soil;
- excretion of waste products of organisms;
- remains of dead plants and animals.
Nature has determined ways to solve the problem independently, without outside help. There are natural water purification mechanisms that have worked flawlessly for thousands of years.
It is known that there is a water cycle. Moisture evaporates from the surface of reservoirs and enters the atmosphere. Through the process of evaporation, water is purified, which then enters the soil in the form of precipitation, forming groundwater. A considerable part of them again ends up in rivers, lakes, seas and oceans. Part of the precipitation enters water bodies immediately, bypassing intermediate stages.
As a result of such a cycle, water is returned in a purified form, so the environmental problem of water pollution is solved by itself.
Human water pollution
We can say that humans pollute water more than all other living organisms combined. The consequences of water pollution have a detrimental effect on the entire environment. The damage caused by humans to the aquatic environment every day is comparable only to a catastrophe on a global scale. That is why it is impossible to pollute the hydrosphere, and solving the problem of pollution of the aquatic environment is a primary task.
The consequences of water pollution are such that now almost all the water present in one form or another on the planet cannot be called clean. Human water pollution falls into three categories:
- industrial;
- agricultural;
- household
Water pollution from industrial enterprises Hydrospheric pollution is steadily increasing. However, recently there has been a tendency towards its reduction.
Water pollution by humans can be primary or secondary. In primary cases, harmful substances have a direct negative effect on the human body, flora or fauna. Secondary pollution is considered to be pollution of water bodies that is not directly related to a harmful substance that has entered the hydrosphere. Water pollutants cause the extinction of organisms and cause an increase in the number of animal or plant remains, which are also sources of water pollution.
Water pollution leads to fish deaths Types of pollution
There are five main types of hydrosphere pollution:
- chemical;
- biological;
- mechanical;
- radioactive;
- thermal
Discharges of pollutants in wastewater Why is hydrosphere pollution dangerous for living organisms?
Water pollution and its consequences pose a serious threat to the health and life of organisms inhabiting our planet. There are the following types of such influence:
- neurotoxic;
- carcinogenic;
- genotoxic;
- failure of reproductive function;
- disturbance of energy exchange.
Neurotoxic effects
Poisoning of the nervous system with heavy metals can harm the nervous system of humans and animals and cause mental disorders. They can cause inappropriate behavior. Such pollution of water bodies can cause unreasonable aggression or suicide of its inhabitants. For example, there are many known cases where, for some unknown reason, whales washed ashore.
About 200 black pilot dolphins stranded on land off Cape Farewell in the north of New Zealand's South Island Carcinogenic effect
Drinking contaminated water is a cause of cancer. Under the influence of toxic substances, absolutely healthy cells of the body can degenerate into cancer cells, causing the formation of malignant tumors.
Genotoxicity of water pollutants
The genotoxic properties of pollutants lie in their ability to disrupt the structure of DNA. This can cause serious illness not only in the person into whose body harmful substances have entered, but also have a detrimental effect on the health of his descendants.
Reproductive disorders
It often happens that toxic substances do not lead to death, but still cause the extinction of a population of living organisms. Under the influence of dangerous impurities contained in water, they lose their ability to reproduce.
Energy exchange disorders
Some water pollutants have the ability to inhibit the mitochondria of the body's cells, resulting in a loss of the ability to produce energy. The consequences of water pollution can be such that many life processes of the inhabitants of water bodies slow down or stop, even leading to death.
What diseases threaten drinking water contamination?
Contaminated water may contain pathogenic microorganisms that cause the most dangerous diseases. To understand the dangers of water pollution and what they can lead to, we will briefly list some of these diseases:
- cholera;
- oncology;
- congenital pathologies;
- burn of mucous membranes;
- amoebiasis;
- schistosomiasis;
- enterovirus infection;
- gastritis;
- psychical deviations;
- Giardiasis
Cholera epidemic in Haiti Not only specialists, but also ordinary residents began to realize the danger of this situation. This is evidenced by the increasing demand for purified bottled and draft water around the world. People buy this water to ensure that they do not get dangerous pathogens into their bodies.
Water purification
The main culprit of chemical water pollution is industrial activity. Although the most active pollutants of water are industrial enterprises that actively discharge harmful substances into surrounding water bodies. It may contain the entire periodic table. In addition to the release of chemical elements, thermal and radiation pollution occurs. The problem of wastewater safety is given catastrophically little attention. All over the world, you can count on one hand the number of industries that completely treat their wastewater, making it safe for the environment.
Discharge of a number of pollutants in wastewater was often carried out without an approved permit for the discharge of pollutants into the environment This is not due to the negligence of management, but due to the extreme complexity of the cleaning technology. This is why water bodies should not be polluted. After all, it is easier to prevent pollution than to organize cleaning.
Sewage treatment plants partially help solve the pollution problem. Regardless of the cause of pollution, the following types of water purification exist:
In general, there are ways to solve the problem.
The problem of water pollution and its solution at the state and global level
World statistics indicate a rapid increase in water consumption. The main reasons for this are the rapid development of production and the growth of the world population.
For example, in the USA, daily water consumption is 3600 billion tons. Back in 1900, Americans needed 160 billion liters a day. The country is now faced with the need to purify and reuse water resources.
Western Europe has already crossed this threshold. For example, water taken from the Rhine is reused up to 30 times.
It is no longer possible to significantly reduce water consumption, because this would require cutting back on production and giving up many of the benefits of civilization. Pollution factors also have an impact, as the volume of water suitable for consumption is reduced. Therefore, more attention should be paid to maintaining clean water resources.
The problem is common to all humanity, because the movement of water masses does not know state borders. If one country does not take care of the purity of water resources, which results in the pollution of the World Ocean, the ecology of our planet suffers from this.
Pollution of the World Ocean with plastic waste. Plastic waste floated from densely populated areas of the continental coast as a result of dumping The state of water in Russia worries the public no less than throughout the world. And here our country has no disagreements with the rest of the world community. After all, water resources can only be preserved through joint efforts.