Soil samples from the moon. Why is NASA hiding “lunar soil” from the whole world (4 photos)

Back on Earth. Chapter 16

American lunar soil is rich soil for doubts

According to NASA, astronauts brought back about 380 kg of lunar soil and rocks from the Moon. . Photographs of these stones are presented in NASA photographs, in scientific monographs of scientists (ill. 1a), these stones illustrate NASA “lunar” films. In such films, in the role of an expert, you can see Dr. Garisson Schmidt (ill. 1b), who, as an A-17 astronaut, allegedly personally collected these stones on the Moon. However, what makes it difficult to believe in his stories is the fact that the “lunar” geologist posed for an obviously dubious “lunar” photograph of terrestrial origin (ill. 1c).

Ill.1. Moon(?) stones:

A)NASA image http://images.jsc.nasa.gov/lores/S72-37210.jpg ; b) Astronaut geologist Dr. Garisson Schmidt talks about moon rocks; V) someone going by the name "geologist-astronaut Garisson Schmidt" poses in a dubious scene "on the moon" (chapter 12 http://www..htm)

Three Soviet automatic stations at that time brought from the Moon only regolith (small particles from the near-surface layer) with a total weight of 300 g, while astronauts could bring large samples with a total weight of those same centners. Advocates say NASA has donated about 45kg of lunar soil and moon rocks to Western scientists. . However, the authors analyzed relevant publications and could not verify that these 45 kg reached the laboratories. According to the author, currently no more than 100 g of American lunar soil wanders from laboratory to laboratory in the world, so “usually the researcher received 0.5 g of rock... in the form of a separate fragment...” . True, in the monograph [ 18 ] several photographs of large lunar rocks such as Fig. 1a are shown, but under all the photographs there is an eloquent caption “NASA image”. We recommend that the interested reader familiarize himself with the cited works. We are interested in how much and what kind of lunar soil NASA transferred to Soviet scientists. Because Western, and especially American scientists, are representatives of an overly interested party.

29 g of regolith to Soviet scientists is not an argument in favor of landings

In the USSR, the Institute of Geochemistry of the USSR Academy of Sciences was appointed the leading scientific organization for all studies of lunar soil. This role is assigned to him today (now - GEOKHI RAS). Head of the Department of Meteoritics of this institute, Dr.Science M.A. Nazarov (ill. 2) reports that “The Americans transferred to the USSR 29.4 g of lunar regolith from all Apollo expeditions, and from our collection of samples “Luna-16, 20 and 24” 30.2 g were given abroad” .

Ill.2.Dr. M.A. Nazarov (information portal “LifeNews”)

This is a very important message. If only because we simply do not have any other general information on this matter. Please note that such important information, coming from the depths of the parent organization, has so far been published only on the Internet. A message on the Internet is, strictly speaking, not a document. Today it exists, but tomorrow it may disappear without a trace. The famous skeptic Yu.I. Mukhin tried to get a written answer on this topic from GEOKHI. He turned to GEOKHI with a request to report:

“a) when and how much lunar soil was sent from the USA to your institute;

c) who else in the USSR received lunar soil samples from the USA for research.”

GEOKHI declined to answer the questions asked in writing.

It turns out that everything comes down to the respected doctor M.A. Nazarov.So, the respected doctor reported that the USSR received 29.4 g of lunar regolith from the USA. So be it, but how does such an exchange prove that the Americans have the 380 kg they are talking about?

How did it happen that according to NASA, Western European scientists, who had nothing to offer in return, were supposedly given whole lunar rocks, and Soviet scientists, who had their own real lunar soil, were given grams and only regolith?According to the author, this suggests that something is wrong with American moon rocks. The alleged moon rocks were not given to the person most interested in verifying their authenticity. And 29 g of lunar regolith is not an argument. After all, three Soviet automatic stations in 1970-1976. together they delivered only about 300 g of regolith from the Moon to Earth, and no one says that Soviet cosmonauts landed on the Moon.

This conclusion has recently received interesting confirmation. This is what is written in the message with the intriguing title:« Moon rock delivered by Apollo 11 turned out to be a cheap fake » : « Dutch experts analyzed the "moon rock" officially, through the State Department, gifted to the Prime Minister of the Netherlands Willem Drees as US Ambassador William Middendorfduring the visit of the Apollo 11 astronauts to the country - October 9, 1969. After the death of Mr. Driz, the relic, insured for $500 thousand, became a museum exhibit Rijksmuseum in Amsterdam. And only now studies of the “moon rock” have shown thatthe US gift turned out to be a simple fake - a piece of petrified wood».

Ill.3.The American “moon rock” - a gift from Apollo 11 to the Dutch Prime Minister turned out to be a petrified piece of wood;http://cnews.ru/news/top/index.shtml?2009/08/28/359642#

Only a month passed after the piece of wood was presented to the Dutch Prime Minister, and the United States decided to organize a mass donation of “lunar soil” to all countries - 135 members of the UN. In this action, they already provided that the “lunar samples” could be accessed only by breaking the gift (and who would dare to commit such a scandal?). “In November 1969, four months after the landing of Apollo 11, then US President Richard Nixon ordered NASA to allocate about 250 fragments of “moon rock” and use them to make boards (nameplates) on which to attach acrylic balls with four samples of lunar rock tightly sealed inside". Now “moon” stones were given in tightly sealed plexiglass balls (Fig. 4), as well as in similar cylinders. The donation procedure was repeated in 1972, when, according to NASA, the last “moon landing” (A-17) was carried out.

But somehow it turned out that “today the location of only about 13% gift “moon stones” of the A-11 and A-17 series.(This) an unprecedented situation in world museum practice". It’s as if a powerful vacuum cleaner is turned on somewhere, taking away precisely the American “moon rocks” to nowhere.

Ill.4.In such tightly sealed solid plexiglass containers, NASA representatives solemnly handed over to all 135 UN member countries certain pebbles, allegedly delivered by astronauts from the Moon

http://bolshoyforum.org/forum/index.php?page=142#tp-comment http://www.collectspace.com/images/aoe/aoe_chaffee.jpg http://www.vtmagazine.vt.edu/winter07/images/moonrock.jpg

Even the astronauts who allegedly brought these very stones for NASA from the Moon are not trusted by NASA to store them. (Suddenly they will give it to some inquisitive researcher? ). Here is an interesting post on this topic : “Tuesday marks the 35th anniversary of the first man landing on the moon. The anniversary will be marked with a ceremony at the Washington Aerospace Museum, where participants in the three American space exploration programs - Mercury, Gemini and Apollo - and the legendary television journalist Walter Cronkite who covered them, will be presented with shards of rock brought back by astronauts from the Moon. From 1961 to 1973, 34 Americans flew into space as part of these programs. 25 of them are still alive. The lunar shards, encased in plexiglass discs and mounted on plaques, will be given away only symbolically. American law prohibits private individuals from owning material brought back from the Moon, but astronauts will have the right to choose a museum or other institution in which the fragment will be displayed on their behalf."

And in order to completely discourage too persistent and too naive scientists from asking NASA for moon rocks not for viewing through plexiglass, but for scientific research, the following interesting legend was invented.

40 years of caring for “future generations of scientists”

“In the USA, a decision was made to keep the bulk of the delivered samples completely intact until new, more advanced ways of studying them are developed.” . “It is necessary to expend a minimum amount of material, leaving the majority of each individual sample untouched and uncontaminated for study by future generations of scientists.” - American specialist J. A. Wood explains NASA’s position .

Poor modern scientists and their recent predecessors and teachers. With their instruments they could examine every single atom in a substance, but they were denied trust.

Poor future scientists. They have in XX I -m, and perhaps in XXII In the 20th century, of course, there will not be such beautiful ships and rockets as the Apollos and Saturn 5s of the 20th century were. And they won't be able to get fresh moon rocks on the moon. But NASA took care of them: it did not give moon rocks to its contemporaries, but left them for them. Note that over the past decades, many geologists, contemporaries of the “lunar” flights, have passed away. The next generations of scientists left their student days, worked for decades and managed to grow old, and NASA is still waiting and waiting for these future generations. A perfect legend to hide the fact that there are no moon rocks in her storerooms. Because tomorrow never comes.

And if this legend of care does not work on someone, then there is another intelligible explanation at hand: moon rocks are not released from the storage facility because there is no money for their research. This is what the author of the book writes as of 1974 :

“A significant portion of the samples will be stored as a reserve at the Space Flight Center in Houston; the reduction in appropriations will reduce the number of researchers and slow down the pace of research.” Do you feel it? 25 billion dollars were spent on delivering lunar samples, but they forgot to set aside money for their research on these same samples. But even a thousandth of these billions would be enough. True, the well-known skeptic A. Kudryavets spoke more decisively about the sudden lack of money: “Why do we need any special funding for the study of lunar soil? Wouldn't there be specialists in the world who would be willing to conduct a thorough analysis of alien rocks at their own expense? For that matter, part of the soil could be put up for auction, and the proceeds used for study. It doesn’t look like the enterprising genius of the Americans, who gave in to a simple problem. Moreover, NASA never tires of repeating that it acted for all mankind. So what's the problem? Let him, not in words, but in deeds, finally share the fruits of his activities with all humanity... This soil is not available in the declared quantities, and this is not a doubt, but a fact.”

***

In general, the American lunar soil is a very rich soil for doubts and even more decisive conclusions. This is the main conclusion of this chapter.

P. S. The Americans could deliver a small amount of lunar soil to Earth using automatic stations

Where did the Americans even get lunar soil, even in grams, if they were not on the Moon? This question comes up quite often. Let's not bypass it.

As we know, within two years before the Apollo lunar flights, five American automatic Surveyor-type vehicles made a soft landing on the Moon. Here is what is written about these devices on the NASA website (translation by the author of the book) : “Program Summary. A total of 5 devices performed 6 separate chemical analyzes of the surface and near-surface samples...”

These data served as the basis for simulating lunar soil samples, the author believes. . In connection with this opinion, it is interesting to get acquainted with howthe prominent American specialist in the field of lunar mineralogy J. Frondel begins his book :

“On July 25, 1969, the opening of the first container with rock samples brought to Earth by the Apollo 11 crew was broadcast on national television... When the very moment of opening the container arrived, the television program was suddenly interrupted. It was as if a blanket had been hastily thrown over a disappointing spectacle... » . How similar it is that someone at the last moment noticed some kind of “blunder” and urgently interrupted the transmission. “Bloopers” are always possible, especially when terrestrial stones are passed off as lunar ones. And yet, at first, the risk of exposure was not very high, since at the time of the first “landing” there was not a single scientist, including a Soviet one, who had seen the real lunar soil. But when such soil appeared (“Luna-16”, 1970), and comparative studies began, signs of fake American lunar soil began to accumulate . And the Americans desperately needed real lunar soil.

G.L. Geise (ill. 5a), author of the book “The Dark Side of Apollo,” believes that the Americans quietly delivered a certain amount of lunar soil to Earth using automatic stations in order to present it as soil brought by astronauts . According to the author of the book, this happened after the first American “landing” on the Moon, proclaimed in July 1969. If this were not so, if the Americans had already had real lunar soil that July, would they have given the Prime Minister of the Netherlands a petrified piece of wood (ill. 3)?

Fig.5. A) Americans delivered a certain amount of lunar soil to Earth using automatic stations, says Heriot Geise, author of the book “The Dark Side of Apollo”; b) Withdiagram of the functioning of the ladle installed on the Surveyor-3 apparatus; V) furrows in the lunar surface layer dug by the Surveyor-3 scoop, the image was transmitted by an automatic television camera

In the early 60s, the Americans were already planning the automatic delivery of lunar soil to Earth . And some facts indicate that this plan was carried out. Here are relevant excerpts from NASA's timeline of successful Surveyors: :

1966 May 30 - Surveyor 1 - Mass: 269 kg ; 1967 Apr 17 - Surveyor 3 - Mass: 283 kg; 1967 Sept 8 - Surveyor 5 - Mass: 279 kg;

1967 Nov 7 - Surveyor 6 - Mass: 280 kg; 1968 Jan 7 - Surveyor 7 - Mass: 1,036 kg .

"Surveyer-3" in April 1967, he was digging in the lunar soil with a special bucket (ill. 5b,c) . NASA claims that this method was used to study the mechanical properties of lunar soil. But these properties can be studied with an object of any shape, even a simple rod, whereas a ladle is naturally associated with scooping up soil. That is, on Surveyor-3, apparently, the first test of a device for taking a sample of lunar soil for future automatic delivery took place. The operation of the bucket was monitored and controlled using an automatic television camera, which transmitted the corresponding images to Earth.

"Surveyer-5" after landing, on command from Earth, the engine was turned on again, and "Surveyer-6" not only turned on the engine again, but also took off at 4m . According to NASA , this was done to study the impact of a gas jet from landing engines on the lunar soil. But this operation could have another purpose: "Surveyers 5 and 6" learned to take off from the Moon.

"Surveyer-7", which is very curious, was more than three times heavier than its predecessors and had approximately the same mass (1,036 tons) as our Luna-16, 20 and 24. And by the way, there was also “equipped with a grab bucket for scooping up soil”.

After the landing of Surveyor 7, the Surveyor program was officially terminated, although before that it was already planned to send Surveyor 8,9,10 spacecraft. . And the Americans seemed to have completely forgotten about the task of automatically returning lunar soil samples to Earth. But what prevented the Americans from sending new “Surveyers” to the Moon without publicity, in order to support at least a handful of real lunar soil with reports about hundreds of lunar samples allegedly collected by astronauts?

After all, they have already done so much in this direction. They tested a bucket controlled from the Earth on the Moon. We tried the device jumping. There is also a lot left - the return of soil to Earth. But wasn’t NASA specialists capable of this? Yes, they lagged behind the USSR in terms of the time it took to carry out some stages of studying the Moon with automatic machines. But not by much. For example, Surveyor 1, making a soft landing on the Moon, was only 4 months behind Luna 9. And the first American lunar satellite, Orbiter-1, also appeared just 4 months after the first Soviet one, Luna-10. In 1970, the USSR carried out the first automatic delivery of lunar soil (“Luna-16”). And why, after some time, the United States could not repeat this success of the USSR?

As we now know, the surface of the Moon is mainly covered with fine dust. But it cannot be ruled out that while digging in this dust, the Surveyor’s scoop could have stumbled upon and picked up several small lunar pebbles. From this point of view, the reports in the press about the transfer of small lunar rocks of several tens or even a couple of hundred grams to Western scientists should not be surprising. The main rocks of the Moon according to information from geologist N.V. Lebedev. have a density slightly higher than 3 g/cm 3 . So a pebble weighing 200 g has a volume of only 65 cm 3 and a transverse size of ~4 cm. Such a pebble will fit quite well in a ladle. And, apparently, in order not to initiate such discussions, the Americans preferred to hand over 29.4 g of fine lunar powder - regolith - to their most severe critics (Soviet scientists). (They say that we also have large stones, but they are not about your honor).

1. http://science.ksc.nasa.gov/history/apollo/flight-summary.txt and http://gosh100.boom.ru/moon1.htm

7. Yu.I. Mukhin. "Anti-Apollo". USA lunar scam. – M.: Yauza, Eksmo, 2005, 432 p.

8. Yu.I.Mukhin. "Have Americans been on the Moon?" No. 48/345 "Duel".

9. Yu.I.Mukhin. "Have Americans been on the Moon?" No. 20/368 “Duel”

10. D. Kropotov. "Have Americans been on the Moon?" "Duel", No. 8/357

11. “Lunar Soil from the Sea of Plenty”, M., Nauka, 1974

12. I.I. Cherkasov, V.V. Shvarev. Soil of the Moon. M., Nauka, 1975, 144 p.

13. Soil from the mainland region of the Moon. M., Nauka, 1979, 708s

14. Lunar soil from the Sea of Crises, M., Nauka, 1980, 360 pp.

15. Cosmochemistry of the Moon and planets. M., Nauka, 1975, 764 p.

16 . I.I. Cherkasov, V.V. Shvarev. "Ground science of the Moon", M., Nauka, 1979 p.149

17. J. A. Wood, “Cosmochemistry of the Moon and Planets”, M., Nauka, 1975, pp. 31,

18. J. Frondel. Mineralogy of the Moon. M. "Mir", 1978. p.11

19. M. A. Nazarov. Have Americans been on the moon? http://www.meteorites.ru/menu/press/moonusa.html

http://www.epizodsspace.narod.ru/bibl/getlend/obl.html and

32. http://supernovum.ru/public/index.php?doc=169 at the end of the article there is a brief information about N.V. Lebedev

In the United States, a scandal erupted after a photo taken during the landing of astronauts on the Moon showed a man without a spacesuit. This is not the only inconsistency. One of them is discussed in this article.

It is believed that the Americans brought 378 kg of lunar soil and rocks from the Moon. At least that's what NASA says. This is almost four centners. It is clear that only astronauts could deliver such an amount of soil: no space stations can do this.

The rocks have been photographed, transcribed, and are regular extras in NASA's lunar films. In many of these films, the role of expert and commentator is played by the Apollo 17 astronaut-geologist, Dr. Harrison Schmidt, who allegedly personally collected many of these stones on the Moon.

It is logical to expect that with such lunar wealth, America will shock them, demonstrate them in every possible way, and even to someone, and will give away 30-50 kilograms of bounty to its main rival. Here, they say, research, make sure of our successes... But for some reason this just doesn’t work out. They gave us little soil. But “theirs” (again, according to NASA) received 45 kg of lunar soil and stones.

True, some particularly meticulous researchers carried out calculations based on the relevant publications of scientific centers and could not find convincing evidence that these 45 kg reached the laboratories of even Western scientists. Moreover, according to them, it turns out that currently no more than 100 g of American lunar soil wanders from laboratory to laboratory in the world, so that a researcher usually received half a gram of rock.

That is, NASA treats the lunar soil like a stingy knight treats gold: it stores the treasured centners in its basements in securely locked chests, giving out only measly grams to researchers. The USSR did not escape this fate either.

In our country at that time, the leading scientific organization for all studies of lunar soil was the Institute of Geochemistry of the USSR Academy of Sciences (now GEOKHI RAS). The head of the meteoritics department of this institute is Dr. M.A. Nazarov reports: “The Americans transferred to the USSR 29.4 grams (!) of lunar regolith (in other words, lunar dust) from all Apollo expeditions, and from our collection of samples “Luna-16, 20 and 24” were issued abroad 30.2 g." In fact, the Americans exchanged lunar dust with us, which can be delivered by any automatic station, although the astronauts should have brought weighty cobblestones, and the most interesting thing is to look at them.

What is NASA going to do with the rest of the lunar goodness? Oh, this is a “song”.

“In the USA, a decision was made to keep the bulk of the delivered samples completely intact until new, more advanced ways of studying them are developed,” write competent Soviet authors, from whose pens more than one book on lunar soil has been published.

“It is necessary to consume a minimum amount of material, leaving the majority of each individual sample untouched and uncontaminated for study by future generations of scientists,” explains American specialist J. A. Wood, explains NASA’s position.

Obviously, the American specialist believes that no one will fly to the Moon ever again - neither now nor in the future. And therefore we need to protect the centners of lunar soil better than our eyes. At the same time, modern scientists are humiliated: with their instruments they can examine every single atom in a substance, but they are denied trust - they are not mature enough. Or they didn’t come out with their snout. This persistent concern of NASA for future scientists is more likely to be a convenient excuse to hide the disappointing fact: there are neither lunar rocks nor quintals of lunar soil in its storerooms.

Another strange thing: after the completion of the “lunar” flights, NASA suddenly began to experience an acute shortage of money for their research. Here is what one of the American researchers writes as of 1974: “A significant part of the samples will be stored as a reserve at the space flight center in Houston. Reducing funding will reduce the number of researchers and slow the pace of research."

After spending $25 billion to deliver lunar samples, NASA suddenly discovered that there was no money left for their research...

The story of the exchange of Soviet and American soil is also interesting. Here is a message from April 14, 1972, the main official publication of the Soviet period, the Pravda newspaper:

“On April 13, representatives of NASA visited the Presidium of the USSR Academy of Sciences. The transfer of lunar soil samples from those delivered to Earth by the Soviet automatic station “Luna-20” took place. At the same time, Soviet scientists were given a sample of lunar soil obtained by the crew of the American spacecraft Apollo 15. The exchange was made in accordance with an agreement between the USSR Academy of Sciences and NASA, signed in January 1971.”

Now we need to go through the deadlines. July 1969 Apollo 11 astronauts allegedly bring back 20 kg of lunar soil. The USSR does not give anything from this amount. At this point, the USSR does not yet have lunar soil.

September 1970 Our Luna-16 station delivers lunar soil to Earth, and from now on Soviet scientists have something to offer in exchange. This puts NASA in a difficult position. But NASA expects that at the beginning of 1971 it will be able to automatically deliver its lunar soil to Earth, and with this in mind, an exchange agreement has already been concluded in January 1971. But the exchange itself does not take place for another 10 months. Apparently, something went wrong with automatic delivery in the USA. And the Americans are starting to drag their feet.

July 1971. As a matter of goodwill, the USSR unilaterally transfers 3 g of soil from Luna-16 to the United States, but receives nothing from the United States, although the exchange agreement was signed six months ago, and NASA supposedly already has 96 kg of lunar soil in its storerooms soil (from Apollo 11, Apollo 12 and Apollo 14). Another 9 months pass.

April 1972 NASA finally hands over a sample of lunar soil. It was allegedly delivered by the crew of the American spacecraft Apollo 15, although 8 months have already passed since the flight of Apollo 15 (July 1971). By this time, NASA supposedly already had 173 kg of lunar rocks in its storerooms (from Apollo 11, Apollo 12, Apollo 14 and Apollo 15).

Soviet scientists receive from these riches a certain sample, the parameters of which are not reported in the Pravda newspaper. But thanks to Dr. M.A. Nazarov, we know that this sample consisted of regolith and did not exceed 29 g in mass.

It's very likely that until about July 1972, the United States had no real lunar soil at all. Apparently, somewhere in the first half of 1972, the Americans acquired the first grams of real lunar soil, which was delivered from the Moon automatically. It was only then that NASA showed its readiness to make an exchange.

And in recent years, the Americans’ lunar soil (more precisely, what they pass off as lunar soil) has begun to disappear altogether. In the summer of 2002, a huge number of samples of lunar material - a safe weighing almost 3 centners - disappeared from the storerooms of the museum of the American NASA Space Center. Johnson in Houston. Have you ever tried to steal a 300 kg safe from the space center? And don’t try: it’s too hard and dangerous work. But the thieves, on whose trail the police found it surprisingly quickly, easily succeeded. Tiffany Fowler and Ted Roberts, who worked in the building during the period of their disappearance, were arrested by special agents of the FBI and NASA in a restaurant in Florida. Subsequently, the third accomplice, Shae Saur, was taken into custody in Houston, and then the fourth participant in the crime, Gordon Mac Water, who facilitated the transportation of stolen goods. The thieves intended to sell priceless evidence of NASA's lunar mission at a price of $1000-5000 per gram through the website of a mineralogy club in Antwerp (Holland). The value of the stolen goods, according to information from overseas, was more than $1 million.

A few years later - a new misfortune. In the United States, in the Virginia Beach area, two small sealed disk-shaped plastic boxes with samples of meteorite and lunar substances, judging by the markings on them, were stolen from a car by unknown thieves. Samples of this kind, Space reports, are transferred by NASA to special instructors “for training purposes.” Before receiving such samples, teachers undergo special training, during which they are taught how to properly handle this US national treasure. And “national treasure”, it turns out, is so easy to steal... Although this does not look like a theft, but like a staged theft in order to get rid of evidence: no ground - no “inconvenient” questions.

Lunar soil (NASA archive)

Astronaut Harrison Schmitt collects lunar soil (NASA archives)

Lunar soil sample (NASA archive)

What is NASA going to do with the rest of the lunar goodness? Oh, it's a "song".

Obviously, the American specialist believes that no one will fly to the Moon ever again - neither now nor in the future. And therefore we need to protect the centners of lunar soil better than our eyes. At the same time, modern scientists are humiliated: with their instruments they can examine every single atom in a substance, but they are denied trust - they are not mature enough. Or they didn’t come out with their snout. This persistent concern of NASA for future scientists is more likely to be a convenient excuse to hide the disappointing fact: in its storerooms there are neither lunar rocks nor quintals of lunar soil.

Apollo 17 astronaut Schmitt b takes a sample of lunar soil (NASA archive)

After spending $25 billion to deliver lunar samples, NASA suddenly discovered that there was no money left for their research...

The story of the exchange of Soviet and American soil is also interesting. Here is a message from April 14, 1972, the main official publication of the Soviet period, the Pravda newspaper:

"Luna-16" (RGANT archive)

Lunar soil (NASA archive)

And in recent years, the Americans’ lunar soil (more precisely, what they pass off as lunar soil) has begun to disappear altogether. In the summer of 2002, a huge number of samples of lunar substance - a safe weighing almost 3 centners - disappeared from the storerooms of the museum of the American NASA Space Center. Johnson in Houston. Have you ever tried to steal a 300 kg safe from the space center? And don’t try: it’s too hard and dangerous work. But the thieves, on whose trail the police found it surprisingly quickly, easily succeeded. Tiffany Fowler and Ted Roberts, who worked in the building during the period of their disappearance, were arrested by special agents of the FBI and NASA in a restaurant in Florida. Subsequently, the third accomplice, Shae Saur, was taken into custody in Houston, and then the fourth participant in the crime, Gordon Mac Water, who contributed to the transportation of stolen goods. The thieves intended to sell priceless evidence of NASA's lunar mission at a price of $1000-5000 per gram through the website of a mineralogy club in Antwerp (Holland). The value of the stolen goods, according to information from overseas, was more than $1 million.

Fragment of the film by Yu. Mukhin “Maximum of Lies and Stupidity”

“The ratio of nitrogen isotopes in American “lunar” samples is not lunar, but terrestrial”

The lunar soil brought by astronauts from the Moon is not real. This conclusion was reached by Professor Nemchin from the School of Earth and Planetary Sciences at Curtin University, which he spoke about at pages of Earth and Planetary Science Letters , revealing the main US scam of two centuries.

Apparently, the lunar soil “brought by American astronauts” has earthly origin. The researchers published their theses in the journal Earth and Planetary Science Letters. Scientists consider sample number 14321 questionable. It weighs 1.8 grams and is sharply different from others that were delivered to Earth.

We examined and noticed inclusions zircon. They established that the breed was formed in an oxygen-rich environment. Moreover, the environment may even be one. In addition, for lunar magma, the temperature of zircon formation too low. Finally, thirdly, the pressure on the Moon during the formation of the sample should have been prohibitively high. As much as possible? Scientists find this strange.

Finally, in support of their theory about the terrestrial origin of the soil, scientists talk about the age of the rock, which generally coincides with terrestrial data. Alexander Nemchin sure in their research.

According to the official version of NASA, as a result of six trips to the surface of the Moon, 382 kg of lunar soil were delivered to Earth as part of the Apollo program. Some of it consisted of large fractions (stones), some of small ones. Below is a list of supposedly successful American missions and the weight of lunar soil delivered “from the Moon” by each of them.

Mission Massa Year
Apollo 11 22 kg 1969
Apollo 12 34 kg 1969
Apollo 14 43 kg 1971
Apollo 15 77 kg 1971
Apollo 16 95 kg 1972
Apollo 17 111 kg 1972

And here is the chronology of the appearance of Soviet lunar soil on Earth and its weight.

Mission Massa Year
Luna-16 101 1970
Luna-20 55 1972
Luna-24 170 g 1976

The story of the exchange of Soviet and American soil is also interesting. Here is a message from April 14, 1972, the main official publication of the Soviet period, the Pravda newspaper:

“On April 13, representatives of NASA visited the Presidium of the USSR Academy of Sciences. The transfer of lunar soil samples from those delivered to Earth by the Soviet automatic station “Luna-20” took place. At the same time, Soviet scientists were given a sample of lunar soil obtained by the crew of the American spacecraft Apollo 15. The exchange was made in accordance with an agreement between the USSR Academy of Sciences and NASA, signed in January 1971.”

Now we need to go through the deadlines. July 1969 Apollo 11 astronauts allegedly bring back 20 kg of lunar soil. The USSR does not give anything from this amount. At this point, the USSR does not yet have lunar soil.

September 1970 Our Luna-16 station delivers lunar soil to Earth, and from now on Soviet scientists have something to offer in exchange. This puts NASA in a difficult position. But NASA expects that at the beginning of 1971 it will be able to automatically deliver its lunar soil to Earth, and with this in mind, an exchange agreement has already been concluded in January 1971. But the exchange itself does not take place for another 10 months. Apparently, something went wrong with automatic delivery in the USA. And the Americans are starting to drag their feet.

July 1971. As a matter of goodwill, the USSR unilaterally transfers 3 g of soil from Luna-16 to the United States, but receives nothing from the United States, although the exchange agreement was signed six months ago, and NASA supposedly already has 96 kg of lunar soil in its storerooms soil (from Apollo 11, Apollo 12 and Apollo 14). Another 9 months pass.

April 1972 NASA finally hands over a sample of lunar soil. It was allegedly delivered by the crew of the American spacecraft Apollo 15, although 8 months have already passed since the flight of Apollo 15 (July 1971). By this time, NASA supposedly already had 173 kg of lunar rocks in its storerooms (from Apollo 11, Apollo 12, Apollo 14 and Apollo 15).

Soviet scientists receive from these riches a certain sample, the parameters of which are not reported in the Pravda newspaper. But thanks to Dr. M.A. Nazarov, we know that this sample consisted of regolith and did not exceed 29 g in mass.

It's very likely that until about July 1972, the United States had no real lunar soil at all. Apparently, somewhere in the first half of 1972, the Americans acquired the first grams of real lunar soil, which was delivered from the Moon automatically. It was only then that NASA showed its readiness to make an exchange.

And in recent years, the Americans’ lunar soil (more precisely, what they pass off as lunar soil) has begun to disappear altogether. In the summer of 2002, a huge number of samples of lunar material - a safe weighing almost 3 centners - disappeared from the storerooms of the museum of the American NASA Space Center. Johnson in Houston. Have you ever tried to steal a 300 kg safe from the space center?

A few years later - a new misfortune. In the United States, in the Virginia Beach area, two small sealed disk-shaped plastic boxes with samples of meteorite and lunar substances, judging by the markings on them, were stolen from a car by unknown thieves. Samples of this kind, Space reports, are transferred by NASA to special instructors “for training purposes.”

Before receiving such samples, teachers undergo special training, during which they are taught how to properly handle this US national treasure. And “national treasure”, it turns out, is so easy to steal... Although this does not look like a theft, but like a staged theft in order to get rid of evidence: no ground - no “inconvenient” questions.

And finally, after a man without a spacesuit was discovered in the photograph taken during the landing of astronauts on the Moon, a scandal erupted. This is not the only inconsistency. in the conquest of the moon by the Americans.

Left, reflection on the mirror glass of the Apollo astronaut's helmet on the Moon.

A small ball, rapidly cutting through the thickness of the atmosphere, was approaching the Earth. The canopy of the parachute opened - the fast run turned into a smooth descent. Finally, our native Earth - a ball with precious lunar soil - landed safely 80 kilometers southeast of the city of Dzhezkazgan, Kazakh SSR. Thus, on September 24, 1970, the remarkable flight of the Soviet automatic station “Luna-16” ended.

This historic flight began on September 12, 1970: launched at 16:26 Moscow time, the automatic explorer took off to the Moon 70 minutes later from the orbit of an artificial Earth satellite. The last stage of the launch vehicle placed the station on the flight path to the Moon so accurately that only one trajectory correction was required instead of two planned. Correction of the trajectory allowed Luna-16 to reach the calculated point of cislunar space, where the station’s onboard engine was turned on and its movement slowed down; Thanks to the braking impulse under the influence of lunar gravity, the station moved to a circular orbit around the Moon at an altitude of 110 kilometers. For the next two days, the station maneuvered in lunar space to move to a pre-landing orbit. Luna 16 successfully completed the maneuvers and entered an elliptical orbit around the Moon, moving along this orbit it moved away from the lunar surface to a maximum distance of 106 kilometers, and then approached it to a minimum distance of 15 kilometers. It was from this orbit that the Luna-16 station descended at the calculated point (for this the onboard engine was turned on again) and began to descend to land on the lunar surface.

Model of Luna 16 in the museum

The station softly touched down on the moon at 8:18 a.m. Moscow time on September 20, 1970 in the Sea of Plenty area.

After landing, the station began a scientific research program. On command from the Earth, the automatic soil collector was activated. This is a unique mechanism that, through complex manipulations, brought an electric drill into contact with the surface layer, drilled the soil to a depth of 35 centimeters, took the soil and placed it in the container of the return vehicle.

And then came one of the most crucial stages - the lunar soil had to be delivered to Earth. On September 21, at 10:43 a.m., on command from the Earth, the engine of the Moon-Earth rocket was turned on, and the space rocket with the return vehicle was launched from the Moon. For the first time in the history of astronautics, an automaton launched from another celestial body in the solar system to return to Earth.

The space rocket engine was turned off when the speed reached 2708 m/sec, after which the rocket with the return vehicle switched to a ballistic flight path towards Earth. To ballistic - this means that after turning off the engine, the rocket moved only under the influence of first the gravitational force of the Moon, and then the Earth. And what was needed was the greatest accuracy of placement on a trajectory that would not need to be corrected and, moving along which, the rocket would meet the Earth. And it didn’t just meet, but entered the atmosphere over a certain point on the globe, in order to then land in a given area of the Soviet Union. The rocket completed its tasks brilliantly, and the lunar soil was safely delivered to Earth.