(in order from sailor to high command) mostly go back to those that appeared during the USSR period.
A little history - naval ranks and tables of ranks
As you know, in the last year of the reign of Peter I, the table of ranks was introduced. It was a table where civil and military service positions were divided into fourteen ranks. However, naval ranks were not included in every row of the table.
The XIV rank among naval ranks was given to a midshipman, corresponding to a collegiate registrar, ensign, cornet and artillery bayonet cadet. At the beginning of the reign of Paul I, the rank of midshipman began to refer to the XII rank. Also included in this rank was the rank of non-commissioned lieutenant, which existed until 1732.
A naval lieutenant was classified as rank X until 1884, after which a midshipman was promoted to this rank. The rank of lieutenant, in turn, began to refer to rank IX.
People who managed to rise to rank VIII in the fleet of the Russian Empire acquired the right to personal nobility. These positions included captains of the first three ranks and a senior lieutenant, who appeared in the navy shortly before the First World War. Rank V included the rank of captain-commander, which was finally abolished in 1827. Among the famous bearers of this title was the pioneer Vitus Bering.
Achieving rank IV in the service opened the door to hereditary nobles for a person. In the navy, people who reached the fourth and higher ranks commanded naval formations: rear admiral, vice admiral, admiral and admiral general.
This also included the rank of Schoutbenacht, who did not take root on Russian soil, and was replaced by a rear admiral. It is noteworthy that this naval rank was used as a pseudonym by the first Russian emperor himself - “Schautbenakht Peter Mikhailov.” The third rank was the General-Kriegskommissar of the Fleet, whose responsibilities included financial support of the naval forces. The title was abolished in 1817. Six people received the highest rank of admiral general in the history of the Russian Empire. Three of them were representatives of the imperial family.
Although the table of ranks ceased to exist after the creation of the USSR, many ranks reappeared in the navy of the Soviet Union and later the Russian Federation.
Main categories of naval ranks
Based on their composition, military personnel can be divided into the following groups:
- Conscript and contract personnel.
- Junior officers.
- Senior officers.
- Senior officers.
Russian citizens undergoing military service in the navy receive the rank of sailor. It roughly corresponds to a private in the ground forces. Sailors appeared in the fleet of the Soviet Union in 1946. Before this, the lowest military rank in the navy was called “red naval officer.” 
Next comes the rank of “senior sailor,” which corresponds to the “corporal” of ground forces. The senior sailor commands the group or serves as an assistant to the chief petty officer. The rank of senior sailor can be obtained by employees who comply well with discipline and their duties.
The following four ranks correspond to the sergeant ranks of the ground forces:
- Foreman of the first article.
- Foreman of the second article.
- Chief Petty Officer.
- Chief ship's foreman.
Following the foremen are the “midshipman” and “senior midshipman.” These naval ranks correspond to the ranks of warrant officer and chief warrant officer.
The modern division of naval ranks dates back to the decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, issued in 1943. He approved the division of officers into junior, senior and senior. The decree included titles for each group, which have survived to the present day.
Junior officers of our country's fleet are called: junior lieutenant, lieutenant, senior lieutenant and lieutenant commander. A junior lieutenant can lead a combat post. More senior representatives of this category of officers can be assistant commanders of a ship of the fourth rank or even command such a ship.
Senior officers include captains of the first, second and third ranks. They can also be called captri, kavtorang and caperang. These representatives of the officer corps can command military vessels of the appropriate rank.
In the modern Russian fleet, the rank of a warship is determined based on the complexity of control, the number of personnel and combat power. The first rank includes cruisers, nuclear submarines and aircraft carriers. The second rank includes large landing ships, destroyers, and large missile ships.
The third rank includes small missile and anti-submarine ships, medium landing ships, and minesweepers. The fourth rank includes small landing craft and torpedo boats.
The highest officer ranks of our country's fleet were first established in 1940 by decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Council. This is the system we are familiar with:
In the ground forces, these ranks correspond (in ascending order) to major general, lieutenant general, colonel general and army general. A rear admiral can lead a squadron or serve as an assistant to a flotilla commander. A vice admiral may command a flotilla or operational squadron and also serves as deputy fleet commander. At the head of a separate fleet is an admiral. In modern Russia there is one fleet admiral, who is the commander-in-chief of the naval forces of our country.
The rank of "fleet admiral" was introduced in the Soviet Union in 1940. It corresponded to “general of the army.” None of the naval commanders of the country of the Soviets received it at that moment. In fact, the highest rank was admiral.
In 1944, two naval commanders received it. The first was Nikolai Kuznetsov, who at that time held the post of People's Commissar of the Fleet. He was a member of the Headquarters of the Supreme Commander-in-Chief, and Nikolai Kuznetsov’s actions in commanding the country’s fleet were successful. In 1945, the title of “Admiral of the Fleet” was given to Ivan Isakov, who led the main naval headquarters during the war before his injury.
In 1955, an additional decree was issued that adjusted the highest naval ranks of the country of the Soviets. To the rank of “Admiral of the Fleet” was added “Soviet Union”. Holders of this rank had the right to wear the "Marshal's Star" - an insignia introduced in 1940.
This highest naval rank was abolished in 1993 because the country referred to in its name no longer existed. The highest rank of naval officers became again "admiral of the fleet".
The rank introduced in 1955 was personal. In the history of the Soviet state, only three people received the title “Admiral of the Fleet of the Soviet Union.” Immediately after the introduction of the new military rank, N.G. received it. Kuznetsov and I.S. Isakov. A year later, Kuznetsov fell into disgrace and lost his highest rank. It was returned to the naval commander posthumously during the years of Perestroika. In 1967, Sergei Gorshkov was awarded the highest naval rank, who went through the war with the rank of rear admiral and supervised the construction and rearmament of the fleet in the post-war years.
The rank of Admiral of the Fleet of the Soviet Union corresponded in the 1960-1990s to the rank of Marshal of the USSR. In turn, the “admiral of the fleet”, who was of lower rank, corresponded to the general of the army and the marshal of the military branch.
The Commander-in-Chief of our country's naval forces may bear the rank of admiral or admiral of the fleet. Thus, the first naval officer to hold this position in post-Soviet Russia, Felix Gromov, became commander-in-chief in 1992, being an admiral. He received the rank of fleet admiral four years later, shortly before retirement.
The next commanders-in-chief (Vladimir Kuroyedov and Vladimir Masorin) took this post as admirals, and after that they received a higher rank. Vladimir Vysotsky and Vladimir Chirkov were commanders-in-chief, remaining with the rank of admiral. Also, the current Commander-in-Chief Vladimir Korolev retains the rank of admiral, received in 2013.
The chiefs of the General Staff of the Fleet, who were the first deputies of the commander-in-chief, as a rule, bore the rank of vice admiral or admiral. Andrei Volozhinsky, who began serving in this post in 2016, retains the rank of vice admiral.
The Navy of modern Russia became the successor to the fleet. Most senior naval officers began their service in the Soviet Navy. For this reason, the ranks in the fleet in modern Russia (in order from sailor to admiral) have not undergone fundamental changes compared to the Soviet period.
Ship ranks in the navy are used in the Russian Navy and are assigned to sailors to the extent they are able to take responsibility for the command of a particular military personnel. They are also assigned to the military coast guard of the border troops of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation, underwater and surface units of the Navy and naval units of the troops.
Almost all naval ranks differ from the missile and ground forces, airborne forces and airborne forces. From 1884 to 1991 they changed due to a number of events:
- the collapse of the Russian Empire in 1917;
- the creation of the Soviet Union and its subsequent collapse 1922-1991;
- creation of the Russian Federation in 1991
Modern ranks in the navy are divided into 4 categories:
1. Conscripts of conscript and contract service. These include: sailor, senior sailor, foreman of the second class, petty officer of the first class and the chief petty officer. The senior ranks also include a midshipman and a senior midshipman.
2. Junior officers of the fleet. These are: junior lieutenant, lieutenant, senior lieutenant and lieutenant commander.
3. Senior officers of the Navy. Ranks are divided into: captains of the third, second and first rank.
4. Senior officers. Consists of: rear admiral, vice admiral, admiral and fleet admiral.
Detailed description of ship ranks in ascending order
Sailor- a junior rank in the navy that corresponds to a land private. These are conscripts for military service.
Senior sailor- a parallel to the army rank of corporal, which is assigned to a sailor for maintaining discipline and exemplary performance of duties. Can be an assistant sergeant major and replace a sergeant major of the second class.
Petty Officers
Foreman of the second article- junior rank in the senior ranks, which was introduced on November 2, 1940. Situated in rank above the senior sailor and below the first class petty officer. May be a squad leader.
Petty Officer of the first article- a sailor of the fleet who is ranked higher in rank than the petty officer of the second article, but below the chief petty officer. Second in order of growth in the list of senior officers, introduced on November 2, 1940. This is a squad commander who has shown excellent results in performing military and organizational duties.
Chief petty officer– military rank in the Navy of the Russian Federation and Coast Guard. Occupies a place between the first class petty officer and the midshipman of the fleet. The naval rank of chief naval sergeant corresponds to the army rank of senior sergeant. Can replace a platoon commander.
Midshipman– a word of English origin, which is assigned to a sailor after completing appropriate training programs and courses. In land terms, this is an ensign. Performs organizational and combat duties within the framework of a platoon commander or company sergeant major.
Senior midshipman- a military rank in the Russian Navy, which is higher in rank than midshipman, but lower than junior lieutenant. Similarly - senior warrant officer in other branches of the military.
Junior officers
Rank junior lieutenant comes from French and translates as "substitute". Occupies the first rank in the junior officer ranks, both in the ground and naval forces. May be a post or platoon commander.
Lieutenant- second among ranks in the navy, in rank above junior lieutenant and below senior lieutenant. Awarded upon completion of service with the rank of junior lieutenant.
Senior Lieutenant- a naval rank of junior officers in Russia, which is higher in rank than lieutenant and lower than lieutenant commander. With excellent performance in the service, he can be an assistant to the captain of a ship.
Lieutenant Commander- the highest rank of junior officers, which in the Russian Federation and Germany corresponds to captain of the army of the ground forces. A sailor with this rank is considered the deputy captain of the ship and the commander of a company of hundreds of subordinates.
Senior officers
Captain 3rd rank- corresponds to an army major. The abbreviated name for the shoulder strap is “captri”. Responsibilities include commanding a ship of the appropriate rank. These are small military vessels: landing craft, anti-submarine ships, torpedo ships and minesweepers.
Captain of the second rank, or “kapdva” is the rank of sailor in the Navy, which corresponds to lieutenant colonel in land ranks. This is the commander of a ship of the same rank: large landing ships, missile and destroyers.
Captain of the first rank, or “kapraz”, “kapturang” is a military rank in the Russian Navy, which is higher in rank than captain of the second rank and lower than rear admiral. May 7, 1940 exists among ranks in the navy, decided the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR. "Kapturang" commands ships with complex control and enormous military power: aircraft carriers, nuclear submarines and cruisers.
Senior officers
Rear Admiral can command a squadron of ships and replace the commander of a flotilla. Adopted since 1940 and since that time corresponds to major general of the ground forces and aviation.
Vice Admiral- a rank of sailors in Russia, which allows you to replace an admiral. Corresponds to a lieutenant general of the ground forces. Manages the actions of flotillas.
Admiral translated from Dutch as “lord of the sea”, therefore he is a member of the senior officer corps. Army employees are assigned the rank of Colonel General. Manages the active fleet.
Fleet Admiral- the highest active rank, as well as in other types of troops, army general. Manages the fleet and is assigned to active admirals with excellent combat, organizational and strategic performance.
What types of troops are assigned naval ranks?
The Navy of the Russian Federation (RF Navy) also includes the following units:
- Marine Corps;
- coast guard;
- naval aviation.
The Marine Corps is a unit that carries out the defense of military installations, coastal areas and other sea lines. The Marines include sabotage and reconnaissance groups. The Marine Corps motto is: “Where we are, there is victory.”
The Coast Guard is a branch of the military that defends Russian naval bases and special facilities in the coastal zone. They have at their disposal anti-aircraft, torpedo, mine weapons, as well as missile systems and other artillery.
Naval aviation is troops whose responsibilities include detecting and destroying the enemy, defending ships and other elements from enemy forces, and destroying enemy aircraft, helicopters and other air structures. Russian aviation also carries out air transportation and rescue operations on the high seas.
How and for what is the next rank assigned to sailors?
The assignment of the next title is specified in the current laws of the Russian Federation:
- For a senior sailor, you must serve 5 months;
- obtaining a sergeant major 2nd article can be expected after a year of service;
- three years for senior sergeant and chief petty officer;
- three years to become a midshipman;
- 2 years for junior lieutenant;
- 3 for promotion to lieutenant and first lieutenant;
- 4 years to become a captain-lieutenant and captain of the 3rd rank.
- 5 years to captain 2nd and 1st rank;
- for senior officers, at least a year at the previous rank.
It is also worth knowing that military ranks in the navy may be assigned if the due date has not yet passed, but the military man has demonstrated his organizational, tactical and strategic abilities. A bad sailor is one who does not want to become an admiral, especially since it is possible. There are many examples of motivated, big-thinking sailors who became admirals.
Admiral(vf) - higherin the naval service a rank corresponding to the rank of general in the land forces
troops. Commands the fleet. Admiral ranks 4: admiral general,
admiral, vice admiral and rear admiral.
Commodore(vf) - in England and Holland, naval officer, squadron commander
Captain - ship commander. It may even hold the position of lieutenant (more on this in the next paragraph)
Lieutenant
-
naval officer, is the captain's mate. However, Lieutenant
is the commander of a rank 4 ship with 14-16 guns. For such
ships captain is not appointed. On a rank 3 ship with 50 guns
the lieutenant is the senior mate of the captain (since according to the regulations there
no lieutenant captain). In modern language, a lieutenant is
watch officer, watch commander, i.e. part of the crew carrying
ship service in a given period of time.
Ship's secretary
-
There is only one secretary on any ship. We can say that this officer
is the captain's assistant for personnel records, staff work,
accounting, monitoring the work of all supply services, correspondence. He must
control the receipt of all supplies on the ship, keep a logbook,
familiarize the crew with the Charter, written orders and instructions
senior naval commanders, keep court records, draw up
contracts for the supply of supplies, control the distribution of food and other
property for personnel, take into account booty taken from the enemy,
record the consumption of gunpowder and cannonballs during the battle, make requests to the port
to replenish supplies, copy the belongings of the dead and
pass them on to relatives. He has no right to leave the ship
(except for the performance of duties requiring his presence on
shore) until it is parked for a long time and will not
disarmed.
Priest (chaplain)
-
the priest was equated rather with officers in his position, but also
It was impossible to definitely classify him as an officer. Rather, he just stood there
apart. The navy had one chief priest in charge of
activities of ship chaplains. Each ship had
the priest who officiated all religious activities. Moreover he
was obliged to visit the wounded and sick and ease their mental
suffering. The priest was responsible for the priestly supplies and kept records of them and
use (camping church, throne with vestments, Gospels,
crosses, etc.)
Doctor
-
There was one doctor on all ships. Depending on the ship's rank
he had a different number of assistants. The doctor was in charge of accounting,
supplying medicines, medical instruments, keeping records of patients,
was responsible for the treatment of patients, the quality and quantity of food given to them.
During the battle he was forbidden to go on deck, but had to
be in the interior where the collection point for the wounded has been determined. If
it was established that the sick or wounded person died from the negligence of the doctor, then
the latter was considered a murderer and subject to execution.
Skipper
- one of the senior officers. According to the regulations, only the navigator was higher than him.
All ships had one skipper. The skipper was responsible for accounting, availability,
storage, use, repair, replenishment, replacement of skipper
property. He kept a journal of this property. To the skipper's property
included the entire removable spar (masts, yards), all rigging (ropes,
ropes, blocks), anchors, lanterns, washing and cleaning equipment, candles,
carpentry equipment and tools, boat sails, all metal
caulker's products, equipment, materials and tools, lubricants
materials, fastening materials (nails, staples, bolts). Skipper accepts
to the ship all this property and monitors the completeness of receipt and quality.
He is also responsible for the distribution of all property and supplies to locations
storage, securing property from rocking. When placing the ship on
anchor and removal from the anchor monitors the movement or reception of the anchor
rope, operation of locking devices. He is also responsible for the organization
cleaning the ship, putting things in order. The skipper supervises the work
sailors, punishes the careless, trains the incompetent. Sub-skipper replaces
skipper in his absence.
Navigator
- was responsible for the navigator’s property, its receipt, storage,
use, expenditure. Flags were considered navigator's property.
signal flags, pennants, ship and boat jacks, compasses,
hourglasses, logs, lots, lamps. The navigator kept a logbook
navigator's equipment, monitored the replenishment and serviceability of his
property. He was also responsible for sea charts, sailing directions, and the serviceability of the helmsman.
ship control. He checked the compass and hourglass. During
sailing, he had to check the maps with the real coastline,
islands, rocks, reefs and map all their changes.
The navigator is obliged to inform the officers and captain about the dangers of the ship's course
(shoals, reefs, rocks) and insist on changing it, and even if the captain
or another officer will not listen to him, and the ship will be lost, then the navigator
will be executed or sent to hard labor. When anchoring, the navigator
is obliged to ensure that there is no shallow water in this place and that the ship’s hull is not
would have broken through with its anchor. The navigator helps the navigator, and in his
absence is entirely the responsibility of the navigator's service.
Boatswain
- specialist of the junior command staff of the ship's crew (in the Navy -
senior officers); immediate supervisor of the deck crew. IN
The boatswain's responsibilities include maintaining the hull in good condition,
rigging and deck equipment of the vessel, management of general ship work
and training of ordinary members of the deck crew (sailors) in maritime affairs,
monitoring order and cleanliness on the ship. On large warships
there is one chief boatswain and several boatswains.
Midshipman
-
direct assistant to officers. The main responsibility is to monitor
complete and accurate execution by all crew members of the officers' orders.
Other responsibilities include organizing stacking and placement in
premises of the ship's property and keep a log of this property.
Gunners
- These are naval gunners. One might say - gun commanders. By
the number of cannons and gunners can be said that for every three guns there were two
gunner. Consequently, the gunners were engaged in loading, aiming and
firing a shot, and rolling the guns into place, cooling, cleaning
after the shot was assigned to the soldiers. Sailors have no relationship with guns
had.
Quartermaster
- commands the sailors located in this cockpit. He must follow
for the presence of its sailors on the ship, for the health of its sailors,
the cleanliness and serviceability of their clothing, the provision of food to the sailors and
returning leftover food and utensils to the kitchen so that the products
weapons, things, and gear were not taken from the ship. Quartermaster also
is the commander of the boat, monitors its serviceability, equipment,
manages it on the water and commands the sailors assigned to the crew
lifeboats
A carpenter
- is obliged to monitor all wooden parts of the hull and spar and
repair them; exercise quality control over the materials received on board the ship
wooden spar parts (masts, yards); together with a caulker
eliminate leaks in the housing. I am also obliged to monitor whether there are receipts anywhere
water into the housing. Keep a log of receipts and consumption of wood
parts, materials. Must know the dimensions and design of all
wooden parts so that they can correctly order on shore
production of parts for this ship.
Caulker
-
obliged to keep an eye on it. so that there are no leaks in the hull, so that hatches and
the gun ports were tightly closed. When leaks appear along with
ship's carpenter to remove them.
Sailing master
- on a ship of any rank there is one sailing master. Under his leadership
one or two sailing students. Responsible for ensuring that the sails are in good condition and
fix them.
Soldiers (Marines)- were involved in servicing guns to help the gunners, and boarding and landing teams were made up of them.
Sailors
-
junior rank. Engaged to work on a ship, such as: work with
sails, pumping water from the hold, keeping the ship clean. On
on the robber ships they formed the boarding crew.
In order to know exactly how, according to the regulations, you are supposed to address a military personnel, you need to understand the ranks. Ranks in the Russian Army and shoulder straps provide clarity in relationships and allow you to understand the chain of command. In the Russian Federation there is both a horizontal structure - military and naval ranks, and a vertical hierarchy - from the rank and file to the highest officers.
Rank and file
Private is the lowest military rank in the Russian Army. Moreover, the soldiers received this title in 1946, before that they were addressed exclusively as fighters or Red Army soldiers.
If the service is carried out in a guards military unit or on a guards ship, then when addressing a private, it is worth adding the same word "guard". If you want to contact a military personnel who is in the reserve and has a diploma of higher legal or medical education, then you should contact - "Private Justice", or "private medical service". Accordingly, it is worth adding the appropriate words to someone who is in reserve or retired.
In a ship, the rank of private corresponds to sailor.
Only senior soldiers who perform the best military service are given the rank Corporal. Such soldiers can act as commanders during the latter's absence.
All additional words that were applicable for a private remain relevant for a corporal. Only in the Navy, this rank corresponds to Senior sailor.
The one who commands a squad or combat vehicle receives the rank Lance Sergeant. In some cases, this rank is assigned to the most disciplined corporals upon transfer to the reserve, if such a staff unit was not provided for during service. In the ship's composition it is "sergeant major of the second article"
Since November 1940, the Soviet army received a rank for junior command personnel - sergeant. It is awarded to cadets who have successfully completed the sergeant training program and graduated with honors.
A private can also receive the rank - Lance Sergeant, who has proven himself worthy to be awarded the next rank, or upon transfer to the reserve.
In the Navy, a sergeant of the ground forces corresponds to the rank foreman.
Next comes the Senior Sergeant, and in the Navy - chief petty officer.
After this rank, there is some overlap between land and sea forces. Because after senior sergeant, in the ranks of the Russian army appears Sergeant Major. This title came into use in 1935. Only the best military personnel who served excellently in sergeant positions for six months deserve it, or upon transfer to the reserve, the rank of sergeant major is awarded to senior sergeants certified with excellent results. On the ship it is - chief petty officer.
Next come warrant officers And midshipmen. This is a special category of military personnel, close to junior officers. Complete the rank and file, senior warrant officer and midshipman.
Junior officers
A number of junior officer ranks in the Russian Army begin with the rank Ensign. This title is awarded to final year students and graduates of higher military educational institutions. However, in the event of a shortage of officers, a graduate of a civilian university can also receive the rank of junior lieutenant.
Lieutenant Only a junior lieutenant can become a junior lieutenant who has served a certain amount of time and received a positive educational certificate. Further - senior lieutenant.
And he closes the group of junior officers - Captain. This title sounds the same for both ground and naval forces.
By the way, the new field uniform from Yudashkin obliged our military personnel to duplicate the insignia on the chest. There is an opinion that the “runaways” from the leadership do not see the ranks on our officers’ shoulders and this is done for their convenience. Senior officers
Senior officers begin with rank Major. In the navy, this rank corresponds to Captain 3rd rank. The following Navy ranks will only increase the rank of captain, that is, the rank of land Lieutenant Colonel will correspond Captain 2nd rank, and the rank Colonel – Captain 1st rank.
Senior officers
And the highest officer corps completes the hierarchy of military ranks in the Russian army.
Major General or Rear Admiral(in the navy) - such a proud title is worn by military personnel who command a division - up to 10 thousand people.
Above the Major General is Lieutenant General. (The lieutenant general is higher than the major general because the lieutenant general has two stars on his shoulder straps and the major general has one).
Initially, in the Soviet army, it was more likely not a rank, but a position, because the Lieutenant General was an assistant to the general and took on part of his functions, in contrast to Colonel General, who can personally fill senior positions, both in the General Staff and in the Ministry of Defense. In addition, in the Russian armed forces, a Colonel General may be the deputy commander of a military district.
And finally, the most important serviceman who has the highest military rank in the Russian army is Army General. All previous links must obey him.
About military ranks in video format:
Well, new guy, have you figured it out now?)
The ranks of sailors are somewhat different from the ranks of the ground, missile, space forces, airborne forces, and air force. Let's take a closer look at this classification, starting with an idea of what ranks exist in the Russian Armed Forces.
Composition of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation
In total, there are two types of ranks for the military in our state - military and ship (sea) ranks. Their list is established in the Federal Law “On Military Duty and Military Service”.
Naval ranks are assigned to sailors:
- underwater and surface units of the Navy;
- Coast Guard border units of the FSB of the Russian Federation;
- military naval units of the internal troops of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation.
Components of the Navy:
- coastal troops;
- Marines;
- naval aviation.
Navy units
Let's look at each one briefly:
- Marine Corps (we'll look at the ranks below). The branch of the military was created on February 14, 1992. It is designed for amphibious assault operations, the defense of important strategic facilities on the coast, and the protection of naval bases. The color of distinction is black (black beret), the motto is: “Where we are, there is victory!” Number: 12.5-35 thousand military personnel. Marine units are present in the Pacific, Northern, Black Sea, Baltic Fleet, and Caspian Flotilla.
- Naval aviation. Destruction of the enemy's battle fleet, as well as its landing forces, convoys, single ships both at sea and at bases, covering one's ships from air attack, aerial reconnaissance, destruction of cruise missiles, airplanes and helicopters, air transportation, landing of detachments, search and rescue work. Basing points: Pacific, Northern, Baltic, Black Sea fleet.
- Coastal defense and security. The troops protect the military bases of the Russian Navy and strategically important areas of the coastal zone. They have coastal artillery and missile systems, incl. and anti-aircraft, torpedo, mine weapons, and special coastal defense vessels.
Naval ranks and shoulder straps: type, colors
There are two main categories of shoulder straps in the navy: for officers and for junior personnel.
Midshipmen, foremen and sailors:
- everyday uniform: blue (in some variations with silver edging) shoulder straps with yellow stripes and the letter “F” embroidered according to rank;
- ceremonial beige shirt (only for midshipmen) - removable shoulder straps, identical to those present on the ceremonial tunic;
- dress coat, tunic - gray and black sewn shoulder straps with a checkerboard pattern.
Officer naval ranks and shoulder straps:
- white dress shirt - golden removable shoulder straps without edging;
- beige dress shirt - shoulder straps without edging to match the clothes;
- casual coat and jacket - black shoulder straps with yellow trim;
- ceremonial officer's jacket - embroidered golden shoulder straps with black edging stripes.
Junior naval ranks and insignia
Sailors wear shoulder straps without insignia; only senior sailors have one transverse stripe (galloon).
Petty officers have insignia - stripes, yellow fabric braids (for both everyday and festive uniforms). Naval ranks:
- foreman of the second article (2 galloons);
- foreman of the first article (3 braids);
- chief petty officer (one wide stripe);
- chief ship's foreman (one wide, longitudinal braid).
Midshipmen's shoulder straps are somewhat similar to those of officers, but are made without gaps (vertical sewn stripes); edgings can be added. The insignia is small vertical stars. Naval ranks:
- midshipman (two stars);
- senior midshipman (three stars).
Naval officers
Junior officer naval ranks of Russia wear one gap on their shoulder straps (a yellow vertically located sewn stripe). The standard size of metal sprockets is 13 mm. Differences:
- junior lieutenant (one star in the clear);
- lieutenant (two stars on both sides of the gap);
- senior lieutenant (three stars - one in the clear, the other two on either side of him);
- captain-lieutenant (four stars - two in the clear, two on the sides of the line).
Senior officer ranks of the navy already have two clearances and the stars on their shoulder straps are larger - 20 mm. Differences:
- captain of the third rank (one star between gaps);
- captain of the second rank (two stars in the gaps);
- captain of the first rank (three stars - two in the gaps, one between the stripes)
Senior officers wear shoulder straps without gaps with large embroidered stars (22 mm):
- rear admiral (one star);
- vice admiral (two stars);
- admiral (three stars);
- admiral of the fleet (one large embroidered star - 40 mm).
Sleeve insignia
In the navy, in addition to shoulder straps, officers also have insignia on the sleeves of their uniforms - yellow stripes and stars. The latter for junior and senior officers are filled with a solid yellow stripe, and for senior officers an anchor is embroidered inside the outline of the star. The width and number of stripes vary by rank:
- junior lieutenant - middle band;
- lieutenant - medium and narrow stripes;
- senior lieutenant - two middle ones;
- captain-lieutenant - two medium, one narrow;
- captain 3rd rank - three averages;
- captain 2nd rank - four averages;
- captain 1st rank - one wide;
- rear admiral - wide and medium;
- vice admiral - wide and two medium;
- admiral - wide and three medium;
- Admiral of the Fleet - wide and four medium.
Correspondence between naval and military ranks
Military and naval ranks correspond as follows:
| Marshal of the Russian Federation | |
| Fleet Admiral | Army General |
| Admirals | Colonel Generals |
| Vice Admirals | Major Generals |
| Rear admirals | Lieutenant Generals |
| Captains 1st rank | Colonels |
| Captains 2nd rank | Lieutenant Colonels |
| Captains 3rd rank | Majors |
| Captain-lieutenants | Captains |
| Lieutenants | |
| Junior lieutenants | |
| Senior midshipmen | Senior warrant officers |
| Midshipmen | Ensigns |
| Chief Petty Officers of the ship | Petty Officers |
| Petty Officers 1 article | Sergeants |
| Petty Officers 2 articles | Junior Sergeants |
| Senior sailors | Corporals |
| Sailors | Privates |
Naval ranks and insignia on shoulder straps in the Russian army are clearly structured, so they are quite easy to understand even with a superficial acquaintance.