- Category: Analysis of the work
1) Features of the genre. The work of A. Platonov “Yushka” belongs to the short story genre.
2) Theme and problems of the story. The main theme of A. Platonov’s story “Yushka” is the theme of mercy and compassion. Andrei Platonov in his works creates a special world that amazes us, fascinates or bewilders us, but always makes us think deeply. The writer reveals to us the beauty and greatness, kindness and openness of ordinary people who are able to endure the unbearable, to survive in conditions in which it would seem impossible to survive. Such people, according to the author, can transform the world. The hero of the story “Yushka” appears before us as such an extraordinary person.
3) The main idea of the story. The main idea of a work of art is the expression of the author's attitude towards what is depicted, his correlation of this image with the ideals of life and man affirmed or denied by the writer. Platonov affirms in his story the idea of the importance of love and goodness coming from person to person. He strives to bring to life the principle taken from children's fairy tales: nothing is impossible, everything is possible. The author himself said: “We must love the Universe that can be, and not the one that is. The impossible is the bride of humanity, and our souls fly towards the impossible...” Unfortunately, good does not always win in life. But goodness and love, according to Platonov, do not dry up and do not leave the world with the death of a person. Years have passed since Yushka's death. The city has long forgotten him. But Yushka raised with his small means, denying himself everything, an orphan who, having studied, became a doctor and helped people. The doctor's wife is called the daughter of the good Yushka.
4) Characteristics of the characters in the story.
Image of Yushka. The main character of the story is Yushka. Kind and warm-hearted Yushka has a rare gift of love. This love is truly holy and pure: “He bent down to the ground and kissed the flowers, trying not to breathe on them so that they would not be spoiled by his breath, he stroked the bark of the trees and picked up butterflies and beetles from the path that had fallen dead, and peered for a long time in their faces, feeling orphaned without them.” Immersing himself in the world of nature, inhaling the aroma of forests and herbs, he rests his soul and even stops feeling his illness (poor Yushka suffers from consumption). He sincerely loves people, especially one orphan whom he raised and educated in Moscow, denying himself everything: he never drank tea or ate sugar, “so that she would eat it.” Every year he goes to visit the girl, bringing money for the whole year so that she can live and study. He loves her more than anything in the world, and she is probably the only one of all people who answers him “with all the warmth and light of her heart.” Dostoevsky wrote: “Man is a mystery.” Yushka, in his “naked” simplicity, seems frankly understandable to people. But his dissimilarity from everyone irritates not only adults, but also children, and also attracts a person “with a blind heart” to him. All the life of the unfortunate Yushka, everyone beats, insults and offends him. Children and adults make fun of Yushka and reproach him “for his unrequited stupidity.” However, he never shows anger towards people, never responds to their insults. Children throw stones and dirt at him, push him, not understanding why he doesn’t scold them, doesn’t chase them with a twig, like other adults. On the contrary, when he was in real pain, this strange man would say: “What are you doing, my dears, what are you doing, little ones!.. You must love me?.. Why do you all need me?..” The naive Yushka sees in the continuous bullying of people, a perverted form of self-love: “People love me, Dasha!” - he says to the owner’s daughter. Before us is an old-looking man, weak, sick. “He was short and thin; on his wrinkled face, instead of a mustache and beard, sparse gray hairs grew separately; the eyes were white, like a blind man’s, and there was always moisture in them, like never-cooling tears.” For many years he wears the same clothes, reminiscent of rags, without changing. And his table is modest: he did not drink tea and did not buy sugar. He is a handy assistant to the main blacksmith, performing work invisible to the prying eye, although necessary. He is the first to go to the forge in the morning and the last to leave, so old men and women check the beginning and end of the day by him. But in the eyes of adults, fathers and mothers, Yushka is a flawed person, unable to live, abnormal, which is why they remember him when scolding their children: they say, you will be like Yushka. In addition, every year Yushka goes somewhere for a month and then returns. Having gone far from people, Yushka is transformed. It is open to the world: the fragrance of grass, the voice of rivers, the singing of birds, the joy of dragonflies, beetles, grasshoppers - it lives in one breath, one living joy with this world. We see Yushka cheerful and happy. And Yushka dies because his fundamental feeling and conviction that each person “by necessity” is equal to another is insulted. Only after his death it turns out that he was still right in his beliefs: people really needed him.
Why do you think, when calling his character in a story, the writer uses the pronoun he? (to emphasize the character’s impersonality)
What kind of person does Yushka appear to the readers at the beginning of the story? (“old in appearance... short and thin”)
Where did Yushka live and work? (“in the forge on the big Moscow road”)
How did people treat Yushka? (cruelly: they beat him with sticks, mocked him in every possible way)
Describe the main character of the story by A.P. Platonov Yushka. (loves people, good-natured, gentle, hard-working person)
Why did the children bully Yushka especially hard? (“The children... didn’t understand him... They were happy that you could do whatever you wanted with him, but he didn’t do anything to them.”)
How did Yushka himself treat people? (Yushka loved people.) Why?
Where did Yushka leave the forge for one month every summer? (visit the orphan girl he helped)
How did Yushka die? (Once a passer-by pushed Yushka forcefully in the chest, and he had a chest illness. Yushka fell and never got up again - he died.)
How did people begin to live without Yushka? (“However, without Yushka, people’s lives became worse.”) Why? (From now on, people had no one to take out their bitterness and anger on.)
What memory of himself did Yushka leave on earth after his death? (Yushka raised with his small means, denying himself everything, an orphan who, having studied, became a doctor and helped people.)
The image of the adopted daughter Yushka. Having become a doctor, the girl came to the town to cure Yushka of the illness that was tormenting him. But, unfortunately, it was already too late. Not having time to save her adoptive father, the girl still remains to spread to all people the feelings kindled in her soul by the unfortunate holy fool - her warmth and kindness. She remains to “treat and comfort sick people, without tiring of quenching suffering and delaying death from the weakened.”
The story “Yushka” was written by Platonov in the first half of the 30s, and published only after the writer’s death, in 1966, in “Izbranny”.
Literary direction and genre
“Yushka” is a story that reveals in a few pages the way of thinking of the population of an entire town and the mentality of a person as such.
The work has an unexpected ending associated with the arrival of an orphan trained to be a doctor in the city. This ending makes the story look like a novella. There are similarities in the work with a parable, if you perceive the ending as a morality showing true mercy.
Topic, main idea and issues
The theme of the story is the nature of good and evil, mercy and cruelty, the beauty of the human soul. The main idea can be expressed by several biblical truths at once: one must do good unselfishly; human hearts are deceitful and extremely wicked, so people do not know what they are doing; you must love your neighbor as yourself. The problems of the story are also related to morality. Platonov raises the problem of belated gratitude, contempt and cruelty towards those who are different from everyone else. One of the most important problems is the moral deadness of the heroes, contrasted with the moral liveliness of Yushka, although it is precisely his liveliness that the children doubt.
Plot and composition
The story takes place “in ancient times.” Such a reference to the past makes the story almost a fairy tale, beginning with the words “once upon a time there lived in a certain kingdom.” That is, the hero of the story is immediately presented as a universal, timeless hero, who embodies the moral guidelines of humanity.
The blacksmith's assistant Yushka, whom all the inhabitants of the city laugh at as a meek and unrequited creature, leaves for a month every summer. According to him, either to his niece, or to another relative in the village or in Moscow. That year, when Yushka did not go anywhere, feeling very bad, he died, knocked down by another mocker.
In the fall, an orphan appeared in the city, whom Yushka fed and taught all her life. The girl came to cure her benefactor of tuberculosis. She remained in the city and devoted her whole life to selflessly helping the sick.
Heroes
The story is named after the main character. Yushka is not a nickname, as many readers think, but a diminutive name, which in the Voronezh province was formed from the southern Russian version of the name Efim - Yukhim. But the word Yushka in the same southern Russian dialect it means liquid food like soup, liquid in general, and even blood. Thus, the name of the hero seems to be telling. It hints at the hero’s ability to adapt to the harsh, evil world, just as water adapts to the shape of a vessel. And also the name is a hint at the death of the hero, who died from bleeding, obviously provoked by a blow to the chest.
Yushka is a blacksmith's assistant. Nowadays, a person who does such work “that needed to be done” would be called a laborer. His age is defined as "old-looking". Only in the middle of the story does the reader learn that Yushka was 40 years old, and he looked weak and old due to illness.
The story turned out to be prophetic for Platonov himself, who died of tuberculosis, having become infected from his son, who went to prison at the age of 15 and was released 2.5 years later, already seriously ill.
The portrait of Yushka emphasizes his thinness and short stature. The eyes are especially highlighted, white, like a blind man’s, with tears constantly standing in them. This image is not accidental: Yushka sees the world not as it really is. He does not notice evil, considering it a manifestation of love, and seems to always cry for the needs of others.
Yushka looks like the blessed one that the Russian people imagined them to be. The only difference is that it was not customary to offend the blessed. But Yushka is humiliated and beaten, calling him not blessed, but blessed, unlike, animal, God's scarecrow, worthless fool. And they demand that Yushka be like them, live like everyone else.
Yushka considers all people equal “by necessity.” He is accidentally killed by a fellow villager precisely because he dared to compare himself with him.
We even compare the hero with Christ, who suffered for the people, enduring torment. When the Roman soldiers mocked Christ, he remained silent, without explaining anything to them. But the hero of Bulgakov’s novel, written a little later than “Yushka,” in 1937, is even more similar to Yushka. Yeshua, unlike the biblical Jesus, actively justifies the offenders, calling them good people. So Yushka calls the children who offend him relatives, little ones.
Yushka believes that both children and adults need it. He would seem to wrongly conclude that children and adults need him because they love him. But over the years, it becomes clear that they really loved him, just unable to express either love or need for him. And that’s exactly what Yushka, who was offended, thought.
Like many blessed people, Yushka gets by with little. Yushka does not spend his tiny income (seven rubles and sixty kopecks a month) on tea and sugar, being content with the simple free food of the blacksmith - bread, cabbage soup and porridge. Yushka’s clothes are just as simple, which over all the years do not seem to wear out, remaining uniformly shabby and full of holes, but fulfilling its purpose.
The people offended Yushka, because in the hearts of people "fierce rage", "evil grief and resentment". Yushka's meekness is contrasted with people's aggression, provoked by their grief, of which everyone considers Yushka to be the culprit.
Dasha, the blacksmith’s daughter, is kind to Yushka. She tries to explain to Yushka that no one loves him, that his life is in vain. But Yushka knows why he lives: by the will of his parents and for a purpose that he does not tell anyone about, as well as about his love for all living things.
Yushka does not need people the way they need him, but when he went to deserted places, Yushka experienced unity with nature. He felt orphaned even by the death of a beetle or insect. It was living nature that healed the hero, giving him strength.
After his death, Yushka shares the fate of many holy fools and saints. The carpenter who found his corpse immediately asks for forgiveness: “People rejected you”. All the people came to say goodbye to him. But then Yushka was forgotten, just as ordinary people, holy fools, and saints are forgotten. Lonely Yushka turned out to be a benefactor, giving the people someone who began to take care of them - an orphan raised and educated with his money, who became a doctor. They call her the daughter of the good Yushka, without remembering him.
Style Features
The story contains motifs traditional for Platonov. One of them is the motive of death. The children doubt that Yushka is alive because he does not respond with evil to their evil.
The landscape in the story reveals the source of the hero’s spiritual strength. Unlike people who draw energy from the pleasure of offending the weak, Yushka supported the weak and perceived himself as part of nature. A strange Platonic expression "beetle faces", found in other works, shows that Yushka perceived nature as equal to himself, humanizing it.
Platonov creates a convincing image of the happiness that happens to people despite their evil deeds. The writer's life was in many ways similar to the life of his hero: hard, thankless work into which he poured his soul, and premature death from illness.
Summary of an open literature lesson based on the story “Yushka” by A.P. Platonov
Topic: Moral problems in the story “Yushka”. Analysis of the story.
Motivation.
The famous master of aphorisms Leonid Sukhorukov asked the question: “What is better to illuminate: a problem or the road to its solution?” What do you think? What question is this? (problem). Why? (contains contradictions).
—Where do we encounter problems? What solutions to problems do you know from literature? (information search, research, discussion, analysis). Today we will solve problems, raise problematic questions)
Problematic situation.
– Choose the door you would go through. Difficult? Why? (No information, availability of information is one of the options for solving the problem).
“And now, I think it will be easier for you to choose.” Select a door and identify the group you would like to work with. How will you present your work?
Slide showing 3 doors. Try to choose now and, depending on who you want to be in class today, divide into groups: 1 - creative individuals, 2 - researchers, 3 - inventors.
Definition of the topic. Updating.
– Which writer were we talking about? Why did I start the lesson with these lines from Viktor Chalmaev about Andrei Platonov? What can you say about Platonov? “Sad stubbornness, a sad will to live lives in the author, he shyly appears into the world with an “apology” for his difference from others.” (Because today we will talk about Platonov, the story “Yushka”, in the image of Yushka you can see the worldview, the character of the author himself)
Read the statements. What do they have in common? What statements would you attribute to the story?
What words require explanation?
Moral– internal, spiritual qualities that guide a person.
Compassion- pity, sympathy caused by someone's misfortune, grief.
Mercy- readiness to help someone or forgive someone out of compassion and philanthropy.
Can these statements be said to address moral issues?
Formulate the topic of the lesson.
Moral problems in the story “Yushka” by Andrei Platonov.
1) “The meaning of life has only a life lived for the sake of others” (A. Einstein)
2) “Evil begets evil” (M.Yu. Lermontov)
3) “Compassion is grief for someone else’s misfortune” (Plutarch)
4) “Charity is the freedom to give something with all your soul” (Unknown)
5) “Love your neighbor as yourself” (Bible)
Analysis of the story “Yushka” by Platonov.
– To identify these problems in the work in the story, what should we do?
What is this work about? Can we name the main idea, the idea of the story? No. Why? Because they didn't analyze it? Therefore, what tasks do we set for ourselves?
Where do we start the analysis?
— Why is this work called “Yushka”?
- Is this his real name?
— Why is the main character called Yushka?
— What assumptions can there be about the appearance of this nickname? At home you should have found the definition of this word.
There is also an assumption that Yushka comes from the word holy fool.
Fools are people who, out of love for God and their neighbors, took upon themselves one of the feats of Christian piety - foolishness about Christ. They not only voluntarily renounced the comforts and blessings of earthly life, the benefits of social life, and the kinship of their closest and bloodiest, but also assumed the appearance of an insane person.
Which assumption will we choose? How do we prove the truth of our assumption? (Analyze text, research name)
Today we have a lesson - research, which consists of two stages: 1 - research on the nickname of the main character, 2 - discussion.
— What will be the subject of our research? (The hero himself, the image of Yushka, people’s attitude towards him)
What is an image? (appearance, character, attitude towards him).
Usually a nickname is given to a person based on some external features or character traits. Why do you think Yushka was given such a nickname? (by appearance, qualities)
Fill in the table with expressions from the text. Prepare a story about Yushka, but know that creative individuals must present their story in a creative form, researchers - in the form of reasoning, and inventors can build their story based on the created formula, equation, algorithm, etc.
Fill out the table. 3 min to work
- Let's discuss what you did. Read it. Add.
— Guys, what did you notice? What did Yushka look like? What kind of person was he? Do appearance and character correlate?
Find a passage in which Yushka enjoys nature? Is Yushka happy? Why?
Let's listen to the excerpt.
1st group: The story about Yushka should be creative (association drawing, poem).
Group 2: A story about Yushka in the form of a discussion.
Group 3: The story about Yushka is accompanied by an invented formula, equation, geometric figure, etc.
— What conclusion can we draw from the stories about Yushka? - Is it possible to correlate appearance and character? What technique was used? Why?
Guys, from your works we can conclude that Yushka’s appearance is contrasted with his inner world. What technique does Platonov use here? Why this particular technique? (to contrast Yushka’s inconspicuous appearance with his rich spiritual life).
Based on the results of an analysis of Yushka’s appearance and character, is it possible to answer our question: why is the main character called Yushka?
You are given quotes from the text. Read them carefully. Why are these sentences grouped this way?
1. The children picked up dry branches, pebbles, and rubbish from the ground in handfuls and threw them into Yushka.
2. The old man did not answer the children and was not offended by them; he walked as quietly as before.
1. Adults experienced angry grief or resentment, or they were drunk, then their hearts were filled with fierce rage. Seeing Yushka going to the forge or to the courtyard for the night, an adult talked to him, made sure that Yushka was guilty of everything, and beat him.
2. Yushka no longer hid his love for living beings. He bent down to the ground and kissed the flowers, trying not to breathe on them so that they would not be spoiled by his breath.
1. If only you were dead, maybe it would be more fun without you, otherwise I’m afraid of getting bored...
2. I was assigned to live by my parents, I was born according to the law, the whole world needs me, just like you, without me too, that means it’s impossible...
Conclusion: They are opposed to each other. How? What's what?
(These sentences can be divided into 3 groups: Yushka and children, Yushka’s good and the evil of adults, death and life; compare 1-2,3-4,5-6 children and Yushka are opposed, the evil of people is Yushka’s good, death and life) .
What technique does Platonov use here again? (again contrasts Yushka with people) What other contrasts can you find?
— What do people call Yushka? (blessed, holy fool, worthless, effigy of God)
Does a hypothesis become a fact?
— Guys, try to answer the question: why did people begin to live worse after Yushka’s death?
Compare: One of the researchers of Platonov’s work writes: “Yushka is the embodiment of goodness, its loss is as destructive for people as the loss of blood.”
Do you agree with this?
Why does the hero call himself Yushka? Why did Platonov choose the name Yushka for his hero? There is no clear answer to these questions: a hypothesis remains a hypothesis.
— Does your attitude towards Yushka coincide with the attitude of people or the author towards him?
Consult a dictionary
Blessed - eccentric, unbalanced, extravagant, worthless.
Fool - holy fool.
Fool - eccentric, crazy; a madman with the gift of prophecy.
Unusable - one that cannot be used for anything
— Guys, do you have any questions that you would like to discuss?
What homogeneous definition did you insert: a kind and ………………..girl. Look at Platonov’s.
I have a question for you: “Why in the sentence “And people thought that Yushkin’s beloved daughter lived in a distant village, as kind and unnecessary to people as her father,” does the writer use such an adjective? How do you understand these lines? What will we come to if good people in this world are superfluous? (Yushka’s daughter is as kind as Yushka, and therefore superfluous among people, but needed by Yushka. Orphanhood turns out to be overcome thanks to love, Yushka lives so that the orphan girl knows that she is needed in this world, so she will continue her work father: do good).
What are the main words that Yushka says? Do you agree with them?
— What is the idea of this story? What moral issues can be identified?
How did the lesson make you feel? What conclusions will you draw? Which guys would you like to mention? 10 min
Reflection.
— I propose to inventors to create a syncwine: write down a noun, in the next line two adjectives or participles that would describe the noun, 3 verbs, 4 words of personal attitude, creative individuals to compose a poem, and researchers to answer which of the moral problems is considered more deeply here.
— Chekhov: “Behind the door of a happy person there should be someone with a knocker, constantly knocking and reminding them that there are unhappy people, and that after a short period of happiness, misfortune comes.”
"Gooseberry", 1898
— The photographs you will see are photographs of the children of our orphanage. They, too, like Yushka, must be needed by someone.
Homework to choose from:
1. Maybe someone has already done good deeds and would like to write about it in a mini-essay “How my love helped another person.” What real action can our lesson inspire?
2. Organize a project to help the orphanage in our city.
3. Answer the question: One of Bulgakov’s heroes said “there are no evil people.” Do you agree with this statement?
Teacher's word:
I want to shout to people:
“Be more generous with affection!”
The path of man is difficult,
Looks a little like a fairy tale.
Like a hoard of coins,
Don't hide your affection, people,
Let her be a kind light
It will shine for you forever.
Each of us is needed.
THE WHOLE WORLD NEEDS ME TOO...
Proposed tasks.
Group 1: Determine whether all these questions correspond to the topic of this text and are problematic. Choose one question and answer it.
Then the children again pushed Yushka and threw clods of earth at him - he’d better be angry, since he really lives in the world. But Yushka walked and was silent. Then the children themselves began to get angry with Yushka. They were bored and it was not good to play if Yushka was always silent, did not scare them and did not chase them. And they pushed the old man even harder and shouted around him so that he would respond to them with evil and cheer them up. Then they would run away from him and, in fear, in joy, would again tease him from afar and call him to them, then running away to hide in the darkness of the evening, in the canopy of houses, in the thickets of gardens and vegetable gardens. But Yushka did not touch them and did not answer them.
When the children stopped Yushka altogether or hurt him too much, he told them:
- What are you doing, my dears, what are you doing, little ones!.. You must love me!.. Why do you all need me?.. Wait, don’t touch me, you hit me with dirt in my eyes, I can’t see.
The children did not hear or understand him. They still pushed Yushka and laughed at him. They were happy that they could do whatever they wanted with him, but he didn’t do anything to them.
Yushka was also happy. He knew why the children laughed at him and tormented him. He believed that children loved him, that they needed him, only they did not know how to love a person and did not know what to do for love, and therefore they tormented him.
- Why do children, who are just beginning to live and, therefore, should not yet learn evil and hatred, “torment” Yushka?
- Why did Yushka rejoice with the children when they mocked him? (Yushka is glad from the consciousness of his need, he thought that his children were “tormenting” him out of love, they don’t know how to love)
-Why do children expect a different reaction from Yushka? (For children it is normal to respond to evil with evil)
— What is the source of joy and fun for children? (evil)
Group 2: Determine whether all these questions correspond to the topic of this text and are problematic. Choose one question and answer it.
And after a conversation during which Yushka was silent, the adult became convinced that Yushka was to blame for everything, and immediately beat him. Because of Yushka’s meekness, the adult became embittered and beat him more than he wanted at first, and in this evil he forgot his grief for a while.
Yushka then lay in the dust on the road for a long time. When he woke up, he got up on his own, and sometimes the daughter of the owner of the forge came for him, she picked him up and took him away with her.
- It would be better if you died, Yushka,” said the owner’s daughter. - Why do you live?
Yushka looked at her in surprise. He did not understand why he should die when he was born to live.
- “It was my father and mother who gave birth to me, it was their will,” Yushka answered, “I can’t die, and I’m helping your father in the forge.”
- If only someone else could take your place, what a helper!
- People love me, Dasha!
Dasha laughed.
- Now you have blood on your cheek, and last week your ear was torn, and you say - the people love you!..
- “He loves me without a clue,” said Yushka. - People's hearts can be blind.
- Their hearts are blind, but their eyes are sighted! - Dasha said. - Go quickly, or something! They love you according to your heart, but they beat you according to their calculations.
- According to calculations, they are angry with me, it’s true,” Yushka agreed. “They don’t tell me to walk on the street and they mutilate my body.”
- Why is Yushka sure that the people love him, despite the fact that he suffered insults from them?
- Why are people so cruel to Yushka?
— Platonov wrote that beating evil people is beating children? How do you understand this statement?
- Why does Dasha, who helps Yushka, also doubt his “need”?
— Why did people’s lives become worse after Yushka’s death? People began to live worse because all the anger remained among the people; there was no one to take out their anger, evil grief and resentment on.
Group 3: Determine whether all these questions correspond to the topic of this text and are problematic. Choose one question and answer it.
In June or August, Yushka put a knapsack with bread on his shoulders and left our city. On the way, he breathed the fragrance of grasses and forests, looked at the white clouds born in the sky, floating and dying in the bright airy warmth, listened to the voice of the rivers muttering on the stone rifts, and Yushka’s sore chest rested, he no longer felt his illness - consumption. Having gone far away, where it was completely deserted, Yushka no longer hid his love for living beings. He bent down to the ground and kissed the flowers, trying not to breathe on them so that they would not be spoiled by his breath, he stroked the bark of the trees and picked up butterflies and beetles from the path that had fallen dead, and peered into their faces for a long time, feeling himself without them orphaned. But living birds sang in the sky, dragonflies, beetles and hard-working grasshoppers made cheerful sounds in the grass, and therefore Yushka’s soul was light, the sweet air of flowers smelling of moisture and sunlight entered his chest.
On the way, Yushka rested. He sat in the shade of a road tree and dozed in peace and warmth. Having rested and caught his breath in the field, he no longer remembered the illness and walked on cheerfully, like a healthy person. Yushka was forty years old, but illness had long tormented him and aged him before his time, so that he seemed decrepit to everyone.
— Why does Yushka feel happy in nature?
- Why did Yushka feel orphaned without “butterflies and beetles”? Why does Platonov use the word “orphaned” here? (He felt that even from this small loss, the world became incomplete).
I also have a problematic question for you.
- Why in the sentence “And people thought that Yushkin’s beloved daughter lived in a distant village, the same kind and unnecessary people like father” are the highlighted words homogeneous definitions? (Yushka’s daughter is just as kind, and therefore superfluous among people, but Yushka needs it. Orphanhood turns out to be overcome thanks to love, Yushka lives so that the orphan girl knows that she is needed in this world, so she will continue her father’s work: to create good).
— How did Yushka understand the meaning of his existence? For the sake of another person, for the sake of a girl who began to work as a doctor, helping people. For the sake of other people, he loves everything and everyone. But people didn’t understand this, they prevented them from loving themselves.
— What would it mean to you: to live like Yushka? Why? Moral problems arise because people cannot establish equality among themselves; remember the cheerful passerby who told Yushka that he did not have the right to equal him with himself.
— What is the idea of this story?
- Do you need people like this in your life?
How did the lesson make you feel? What conclusions will you draw?
— Sinkwine: write down a noun, in the next line two adjectives or participles that would describe the noun, 3 verbs, 4 words of personal attitude.
Chekhov: “Behind the door of a happy person there should be someone with a hammer, constantly knocking and reminding that there are unhappy people, and that after a short period of happiness, misfortune comes.”
"Gooseberry", 1898
The photographs you will see are photographs of the children of our orphanage. They, too, like Yushka, must be needed by someone.
Homework: 1. Maybe someone has already done good deeds and would like to write about it in a mini-essay “How my love helped another person.” What real action can our lesson inspire? 2. Organize a project to help the orphanage in our city.
I want to shout to people:
“Be more generous with your affection!”
The path of man is difficult,
Looks a little like a fairy tale.
Like a hoard of coins,
Don't hide your affection, people,
Let her be a kind light
It will shine for you forever.
Each of us is needed.
THE WHOLE WORLD NEEDS ME TOO...
-One of Bulgakov’s heroes said “there are no evil people.” Do you agree with this statement?