Many children do not like to learn poems and then recite them at the blackboard or in public. The process of memorizing itself is not inspiring, but also “with expression.” They often don't even understand what this means. And in general, what do these teachers want from them? If you want your child to be able to read poetry with expression already in the 3rd grade, then our site has selected good recommendations and advice for you.
- The first thing you can do is find recordings of poems performed by artists and play them for kids to listen to. To begin with, you can stage those performers whom the children know. Finding them is not easy, but it is possible.
- The second method is more complicated, but if you can motivate the guys, then you will succeed - take them to reading programs. Of course, it will be good if these are school courses, because children themselves inspire more trust in children.
- The third option is to invite one or a couple of actors to the lesson so that they show how to read correctly in class, and not from the stage. This point is very important. Close live contact and intimate space create an excellent atmosphere. Even imperfect, but lively reading will make a strong emotional impression on all children.
But it is important that consolidate everything you hear, because it can disappear instantly.
- Talk to children without judging their statements, but simply ask provocative questions.
- Play in a creative form with what you have lived and heard (exercises for actors that can be found in the book called “The Theater Where Children Play” are suitable).
- Let the children express their emotions in colors and draw abstract drawings on the theme of what they heard.
- If the teacher has directing skills, you can play an improvisation sketch.
- If a child comes into contact with the ideal acting reading, this will become a springboard for him to his own attempts.
Our site believes that You can understand poetic speech if you compare it with prose. Therefore, when you read a poem, you must be captivated by its theme, understand why we are reading it: what we want to push or lead the viewer to, what we want to tell him. If you want to defend the main idea, you must use your words.
How is prose different from poetry? You need to discuss this issue specifically with the guys. Let them try to determine and then formulate an answer on their own, and then the teacher will refute or confirm their guesses, and, if necessary, complement them. You can use some bright provocation in a conversation, for example, you can write on the board or quote N. Tikhonov: “Poems differ from ordinary speech, like the movement of runners from calmly walking people.” Let the children try to explain what we are talking about.
You can adhere to this position: poetry differs from prose in its rhythm, orderliness, and regularity. The basis of the poem is an emotionally heightened system of experiences, which emphasizes all forms of conveying feelings and thoughts in speech. In poetry, speech does not flow in a continuous stream, but is divided into speech beats by intonation-semantic (logical) pauses. The location of these pauses is most often suggested by punctuation, and if you do not pay attention to this, the verse will become meaningless.
It is also important to know first what children felt and understood while reading. At this stage, you should not impose your understanding. The first impression is very important, even if it is strange, unclear and chaotic. The child may not fully understand the meaning, but some emotional pictures, thoughts and outbursts will definitely remain. Just if you talk, it will stick. It is better to move the discussion into a circle where everyone creates creative energy and everyone is equal, rather than in a regular classroom where the teacher stands opposite the children who are sitting at their desks. The main thing is that the teacher remembers that he needs to work using clarifying questions, such as: “Did I understand correctly... What do you mean...”, and not begin to evaluate judgments.
The guys must answer the questions posed; if this is difficult to do, then they write the answer on pieces of paper.
Video
Good day, friends! Summer holidays are in full swing, our schoolchildren have a lot of free time, why not use a small part of it for the benefit of the child?
Usually, during the summer, schoolchildren are assigned home reading so that children do not lose their skills and do not waste precious time studying literary works during the school year. Like, I already told you, but about teaching expressive reading to younger schoolchildren, so that we haven’t yet talked about “with feeling, sense, arrangement.” Ready?
Lesson plan:
The Basics of Expressive Reading
Typically, work on expressive reading is carried out in primary school by teachers. It is they who, by their own example, show our children how, with the help of words and intonation, you can capture the attention of the listener, convey the emotions of the author of the work and his feelings.
But imagine how many students there are in the class and how little time in literature lessons can be devoted to this process. Therefore, it is not surprising that when they hear a young schoolchild talking in the children's room, many parents begin to intervene, pointing out mistakes and suggesting where and how to emphasize, which words to especially focus on, speed up or slow down the pace.
Teachers consider understanding the essence of the work being read to be an important starting point when training expressive reading, calling this an indicator of consciousness. Agree that only what is well understood can be read beautifully. That's why
Teachers advise not to forget that elementary school students, due to their age, are still characterized by monkey imitation, when children phonetically accurately copy the reproduction, without particularly delving into the meaning. Demonstrating an initial reading pattern is certainly necessary, but it should not be the main focus. This can later play a cruel joke: after all, in the end, you will have to read it yourself someday, without subtitles. So
The process of expressive reading also has another extreme: some children, clearly aware of what they are reading and about, nevertheless do it monotonously. This is due to timidity and shyness. In such cases, parents have to develop courage. Try the old ways: a stool and familiar close faces in the form of grateful listeners. Let the child feel like a real actor who is applauded. Due to this
It is believed that everything can be read expressively: from poetic works to mathematical multiplication tables. After all, this is an exclusively creative process. Using tempo and stress, chanting or marking a verbal step, in any case, the child should see places of pauses in the text where he needs to take a break and stop. So
- For beautiful and measured speech, we develop attention and the ability to see silent clues in the work - periods, commas, dashes, exclamation and question marks. Read the text together once, pointing to the places where you need to stop.
Smelling flowers, catching mosquitoes
Of course, each teacher has his own methods for developing expressive reading in schoolchildren. What should we do, ordinary parents who have nothing to do with pedagogy and do not have such knowledge?
I found on the Internet absolutely simple advice from teachers for ordinary users like you and me, without any frills.
Breathing exercises allow you to teach measured and economical expenditure of air during speech, timely filling of the lungs imperceptibly, without jerking.
- We imagine a narrow strip of paper as a candle and blow on it so that the breathing is even and without sharp fluctuations.
- We imagine that we are smelling a flower: we gradually draw in air, filling our chest with it.
- We catch mosquitoes: when inhaling, the arms are spread apart, and when exhaling, gradually, “so as not to scare away our mosquito,” they are brought back. Clap your hands, and no one squeaks above your ear. With this breathing exercise, children pronounce the sound “zzzzz” while exhaling.
Breathing control allows you to control your voice, which also has its own techniques for training.
- In a sitting position, holding your head straight, while taking a deep breath, we pronounce smoothly and drawn-out consonant sounds “mmmmmmm”, “nnnnnn”, “llllllll”, then including in drawn-out singing the vowel sounds “lllaaa”, “mmmiiii”, “nnnnnuuu” and others, which ones do you like best? At the same time, we raise, lower, and raise the timbre of the voice in a wave.
- In the same starting position, we pronounce the syllables briefly “ne, ni, mu, ma, la, lyu,” making pauses between them and gradually increasing the tempo.
- We turn on the monkey, for which we stand in front of the mirror and raise and lower the extended tongue, twist the tongue with an open mouth, touch the upper and lower teeth.
To develop the diction and speech apparatus of a future skilled reader, tongue twisters are also actively used, so teach how “Sasha walks along the highway” and “cancer bites Greka.”
We work with our hands and make eyes
Emotions are undoubtedly an important underlying tool in expressive reading. Don’t stop your child if suddenly his arms start dancing and his eyebrows form a characteristic arch. If the gestures of your readers correspond to the content of the work being read, this is a big plus for conveying the author’s experiences and moods.
- With the help of smiles, children express joy and bright feelings, as well as irony and sarcasm.
- Closed eyebrows make the face gloomy, and a lowered gaze makes it clear that the person is offended. Raising the eyebrow arches upward, the child is surprised. If we lower the tips of our lips and move our chin forward, we get an aggressive reader.
- Gestures and hand movements can say everything without words, and when read, they enhance the meaning of spoken phrases. In this case, you can use various poses, throwing your arms out to the sides, pushing your legs out, hunching over or sticking out your stomach - all this motivates the text of the work.
Such emotional skills are well practiced in front of a mirror. A little patience - and in front of you is a confident actor.
Or an actress) Watch the video, in it a little girl, Varya Ivleva, reads a poem. And she has no problems with expressive reading.
Don’t forget that in school, not only speed is taken into account, but also expressiveness, so practice and let everything work out for you)
That's all for today. I hope that the information will be useful to you. I look forward to your comments, friends. Share a link to the article on networks. Let's make our children's world brighter together!
All the best to you!
Always yours, Evgenia Klimkovich.
READING ADVICE
1. Follow the words on the line, do not rearrange them.
2. Try to understand what you are reading about.
3. When reading, be attentive to every word.
4. Try not to go back to reading a word you have read once you understand it.
5. When reading to yourself, try not to whisper the text or move your lips.
RULES FOR READING AND HANDLING BOOKS
1. Do not pick up books with dirty hands.
2. Read while sitting at a comfortable table.
3. Keep the book no closer than 30-40 cm from the eyes, with a slope of 45 cm.
4. Do not make notes in the book with a pen or pencil.Use a bookmark.
7. Don't read until you get tired. After 20-30 minutes, take a break from reading.
8. Store books in closed shelves.
HOW TO PREPARATE READING
1. Read the text, notice the words and expressions in which errors were made while reading.
2. Read these words several times.
3. Find out the meanings of all the words you don’t understand using a dictionary or ask an adult.
4. Read the text again, retell it.
1. Remember that you cannot read a text expressively if you do not understand it.
2. Try to mentally imagine what you are reading about.
3. Determine your (and the author’s) attitude to the events and characters and try to convey it with intonation when reading.
4. Determine your main purpose for reading (what you want to convey).
5. Read, pronouncing words clearly, observing pauses at the end of sentences, between paragraphs and parts of the text.
6. Highlight important places with your voice.
1.Be able to breathe evenly and deeply - control your breathing.
2. Be able to speak loudly, loudly, but without shouting: so that you are far away would be audible.
3. Be able to speak slowly, drawn out - and quickly, but correctly.
4. Pronounce sounds and their combinations clearly, so that each sound is desirableYou can hear it well! This is diction; tongue twisters will help. Some children failsounds L-R, S-SH, Y - you need to learn to clearly pronounce any sound.
5. Understand completely what you read. Understand the characters' personalitiesin a story, fable, fairy tale, understand the mood of the poet who wrote the poem.Without a clear, deep understanding of the text, expressive reading will not work.
6. Be able to distinguish and give intonations to your voice: joyful and joyfulemotional, affectionate and angry, comic and serious, mocking and approvingnal, as well as intonations of enumeration, highlighting, completion, contrasting niya and others.
7. When reading, when talking, especially when speaking on stage, seeHow do they listen to you, do they understand you, is your listener interested, isn’t he bored?Is he not distracted?
8. The ability to not get lost in case of failure, to be persistent, to work hardover yourself, over your voice, pronunciation skills, achieve delivery lenient goal.
Expressive reading is a special art that needs to be learned from early childhood. It's too late to learn this art at school. Some modern children and teenagers are indifferent to words and poetry. The poet's name means nothing to them. They read poems by great poets on stage carelessly, loudly or monotonously, without delving into the plot of the poem, without feeling the mood of the author, the main idea... This indicates a lack of taste, imagination, and deep perception.
How to explain to a child that expressive reading of high poetry is a great responsibility? The reason for the lack of correct perception of poetry lies in the traditions of education, which we often forget about. Unfortunately, oral folk art, which was passed down from generation to generation for many centuries, is now becoming a thing of the past. Not every modern mother knows folklore and folk poetry.
It is known that love for words is born at a very early age. From birth, a child hears his native speech, learns the beauty of words through nursery rhymes, nursery rhymes, and jokes. A one-year-old baby enjoys listening to children's folk poems, learning to imitate sounds and play. At this age, children are interested in the following topics for expressive reading: animal behavior, bird life, the beauty of the world around them, routine activities: washing, bathing, eating...
By the age of two, he repeats simple poems and correctly conveys their intonation. The child listens to the simple poems of Boris Zakhoder, Valentin Berestov, Elena Blaginina, Sergei Mikhalkov, Emma Moshkovskaya, comprehends them, expresses his feelings. He perceives what he hears as something personal and close. From short poems you need to gradually move on to long ones. It is important to pay attention to the purity of sounds, the pronunciation of each syllable, and intonation.
Any poem by B. Zakhoder brings joy and surprise to the child. In the poem about a hedgehog, the baby asks a question on his own behalf and answers on behalf of the hedgehog in a thin, plaintive voice.
- Why are you so prickly, hedgehog?
- This is me just in case:
Do you know who my neighbors are?
Foxes, wolves and bears!
Memorizing the poem “Sour Poems” by E. Moshkovskaya is working on creating beautiful figurative speech, expressing emotions through facial expressions and gestures.
Sour poems (E. Moshkovskaya)
The sour sun has risen,
He looks - the sky has turned sour,
A sour cloud hung in the sour sky...
And the unfortunate sour passers-by are in a hurry
And they eat terrible sour ice cream...
Even sugar is sour!
All the jam has turned sour!
Because the mood was sour.
From the age of two, a child also learns great poetry, which is a reflection of his worldview. A small child is fascinated by the magical melody, the magical combination of sounds, the beauty of words in fairy tales and poems by A. S. Pushkin. In the works of A. S. Pushkin, the child draws amazing images (“invisible moon”, “ruddy dawn”, “entertaining squirrel”, “flying snow”, “noisy caravan of geese”...), which will later serve to awaken imagination and enrich inner world.
K.I. Chukovsky wrote in his book “From Two to Five”:
“Poems for children are the norm of human speech, a natural expression of their feelings and thoughts.”
Little children enjoy repeating their favorite children's poems after their mother. As soon as the mother reads the first line, the child immediately takes the initiative into his own hands and recites the poem to the end. The process of memorizing a poem is not imposed on the child. This is a game in the form of poetic communication with mom, who constantly offers something new, amazing, beautiful, understandable, dear. So, the speech of a child. The mother emotionally tells the poems to the child (on a walk, while bathing, while awake...) the child listens with interest, is surprised, repeats and rejoices at his success.
Expressive reading brings aesthetic pleasure to preschool and school-age children and adults. In fact, the process of memorizing a poem is a pleasant experience.
Poems are easy to learn due to their inherent rhythm.
The entire learning process consists of certain stages that are followed depending on the individual characteristics of the person. People with a good memory remember poems immediately after several readings.
The first step is familiarization with the text: Read the poem out loud 3-5 times. Think about its name. You must understand the meaning of each line. Read slowly and clearly, pause, try to experience every sound, every word. Feel the rise of emotional tension in individual lines. Think about the plot of the work, comprehend the logical connections. Choose the pace and rhythm of your reading. Place logical pauses in place of punctuation marks (such stops give completeness to the statement).
After a comma, take a short pause; after a period or ellipsis, take a long one. Mark the places of psychologically significant pauses before or after a phrase, before and after a sentence. This technique of expressiveness helps to accurately convey the essence of the sentence.
Get acquainted with the history of the creation of the poem to get complete information about the author and the circumstances that prompted him to write this work. This will help more accurately convey the image created by the author. Determine the motives for the characters’ actions, imagine their feelings and experiences.
Second step: Imagine the image, feelings, mood of the work... Develop your imagination for complete perception. Read the poem with the feelings that you felt in yourself.
Third step: Think about whether you have achieved complete understanding? Did your feelings coincide with the author’s feelings?
Step Four: Read the poem to your loved ones. Have them read the piece to look for differences in how they read individual lines. Discuss the difference in reading, choose the correct option.
Fifth step: Break the poem into several parts (blocks). Learn the poem in blocks (first the first block, then the second, etc.) Memorize the poem not by lines, but by stanzas. This will maintain logic between the individual parts of the work.
Sixth step: Read the poem by heart until you achieve accuracy, clarity, and sincerity in your reading.
Step Seven: Use expressive reading tools: Proper breathing (a teaching technique used in public speaking). . Adjust the volume and frequency of inhalations and exhalations. Take a deep breath during the pause. The collected air should be enough until the next pause. Exhale the air silently, imperceptibly, evenly. Do not try to speed up the tempo or artificially “hold out” for a pause - lack of air will distort your voice.
Intonation and timbre- the most important tools for expressive reading. Learn to convey the author's feelings and emotions with the timbre of your voice. A poem where the author’s speech is present itself indicates intonation (raising or lowering the voice). The reader must pass the text through himself in order to convey its content to the listener.
Facial expressions and gestures. These expressive reading tools help to attract the listener's attention and captivate the audience. To overdo it with facial expressions and make a grimace means ruining the audience’s reading experience. Facial expressions must accurately match the reader’s emotions. “Playing with your face” and focusing on your voice at the same time is difficult. This is real acting. The reader's gestures should not contradict the text. Sweeping and active gestures can completely change the essence of a poem and turn a performance into a clownery.
Videos of actors reading poems by famous poets are available on the Internet. However, everyone's reading is completely different. Listening to someone else's reading is an opportunity to find a middle ground.
Beautiful expressive reading is the result of the joint work of children and parents. I told my parents about where the perception of words begins and how to teach a child to read poetry expressively so that they can open the child to the world of harmony and beauty, the world of poetry.
Dear reader! Who do you think should teach a child the correct perception of poetry?
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Oratory has been valued at all times. People who were able to express their thoughts expressively became commanders and rulers. It was these people who led long-distance campaigns, created ideologies and were able to lead the masses with them. Poets who could speak beautifully, like the ancient Greek Orpheus, lured citizens with their words, forcing themselves to be idolized. And now people who are able to express themselves clearly and beautifully achieve great success in business and enjoy great trust from others. Therefore, it is important to work on the expressiveness of your speech. If you want to learn how to read poetry expressively, follow the tips below!
Basic theoretical aspects of expressive reading
It is necessary to learn expressive reading from early childhood, when the child is just beginning to form his pronunciation. And poetry is best suited for this. The presence of rhyme makes it easier to read, while at the same time making the text more emotionally rich. In order to achieve expressive reading, it is necessary to penetrate the text of the verse and understand its essence. It is advisable to learn the poem by heart, thereby subsequently focusing on the expressiveness of reading.
- To understand how to learn to read poetry, it is important to define and build its artistic scheme. It includes:
- Logical stress
- Pause
- Intonation
In any expression there are individual words and phrases that absorb 90% of the semantic load. They contain the entire “soul and inner essence” of the text. They serve as the emotional centers of the entire narrative and, of course, they must be distinguished from the total mass of words. It is for this purpose that logical stress exists. K. S. Stanislavsky called it “the index finger of speech expressiveness.” It is this that is the litmus test for the main word in a sentence. In elementary school textbooks, these words are highlighted in various ways (for example, by spacing out or using quotation marks). However, in poetry such emphasis is extremely rare. That's why logical stress they are represented by a whole complex of intonation and sound means: tempo and strength of voice, pauses, prolongation of sounds, etc. When working with any text, try to isolate from there the main idea, the “root of the narrative” and highlight it using logical stress. This will help you understand how to read poetry with expression.
For example, stressed lines in a poem can be highlighted by sharply amplifying the voice. Poetic fables are especially characteristic here, since they always contain a moral that must be highlighted. Also, the power of voice can convey the emotional state of the speaker. If we are talking about strong emotions, such as fear or, on the contrary, triumph, then the reader’s speech becomes louder. But it is customary to express sad emotions in a quieter voice.
Another important tool that allows you to achieve expressive reading is pause. Using a pause, you can break a monotonous sound stream into several parts, thereby making it more understandable. Often, to understand the role of a pause, in elementary school they resort to rhyming proverbs.
In the text, a pause usually denotes an ellipsis and symbolizes a certain emotional experience, reflection and excitement. In oral speech it has a different meaning and serves, first of all, to attract the listener’s attention and highlight individual actions or events in the text.
- The following types of intonation are distinguished:
- Expressive
- Narrative
- exclamation point
- Enumeration intonation
Narrative intonation poses virtually no problems. It is characterized by calm and even pronunciation, without unnecessary emotional outbursts. Interrogative and exclamatory sentences are more difficult to convey. Interrogative intonation is determined by raising the tone of voice at the beginning of a statement, and then lowering it at the end. An exclamation, on the contrary, involves raising the tone at the end of a sentence. As for the intonation of enumeration, it is used in sentences with homogeneous members. When enumerating, the tone of voice rises, and a pause is necessarily inserted.
From theoretical information, it's time to move on to more practical advice. As we have found out, the expressiveness of pronunciation depends largely on the correct use of logical stress, pauses and intonation. You are already close to understanding how to read poetry beautifully. Now let's look at how to master these verbal techniques to perfection, thanks to which you will even understand how to read poetry in English!
Create text score. This is a kind of outline of the poem, where all logical stresses, pauses and important words will be highlighted. Indicate with dashes the increase in intonation (descending or ascending); pause length (long, short, medium). All values must be entered in pencil. Keeping this diagram in mind, you will be able to correctly reproduce intonation.
Control breath. Try not to take in excess air into your lungs so that unexpected pauses do not occur.
Diction- extremely important! If you want to learn how to read poetry correctly, then be sure to work on your diction. Only confident, clear and correct pronunciation of words will help you move and develop in this path.
As mentioned above, it is important to fully delve into the poem, feel it and understand the meaning. There is no need to cram poetry, no need to rush. It is important to understand what you read and sincerely enjoy this moment.
Create quality emotional background, gesture and use facial expressions. Hone your poetic artistry by practicing in front of a mirror.
If you don’t know how to read poetry in English correctly, then you should just look through this entire article from beginning to end. In this regard, the scheme is no different from poems in Russian. The only thing is that it is necessary to transfer the above rules “how to read poetry” to English phonetics and spelling.
I guess that's all. By following these simple tips, you will quickly understand how to read poetry correctly. If you carry out constant training, and if you truly love poetry, then you will quickly acquire the skill of expressive and beautiful reading.