IN Olkov Nikolai Terentievich - deputy commander of the 32nd Guards Rifle Regiment of the 12th Guards Pinsk Rifle Division of the 61st Army of the Central Front, guard major.
Born on May 5, 1913 in the village of Zmeinogorsk, now a city in the Altai Territory, in a peasant family. Russian. Graduated from 8th grade and workers' school. After graduating from the Krasnoyarsk 1st Forestry Engineering Institute in 1934, he worked as a teacher, and since 1939 as an inspector in the Zmeinogorsk district.
In the Red Army from January 12, 1940. He served as a foreman of the regimental school of the 470th Infantry Regiment of the 194th Infantry Division in the city of Chirchik, Tashkent region.
At the front during the Great Patriotic War from August 1941. He was the commander of a machine gun platoon, adjutant to the commander of a rifle regiment, deputy and commander of a rifle battalion, assistant chief of staff, chief of staff, deputy commander and commander of a rifle regiment. He fought on the Reserve, Bryansk, Western, again Bryansk, Central, Belorussian, 1st Belorussian, 3rd and 1st Baltic, and again 1st Belorussian fronts. Member of the CPSU since 1943. In battles he was wounded three times.
Participated:
- in the Battle of Smolensk, in the defense of the cities of Karachev, Belev, Odoev, in the battle of Moscow, in the defense of Tula, in the counter-offensive near Moscow, in the liberation of the city of Kaluga - in 1941;
- in battles in the area of the cities of Sukhinichi, Belyov and the Zhizdra River - in 1942;
- in the Battle of Kursk, in the liberation of the cities of Bolkhov and Chernigov, in the crossing of the Dnieper and battles on the bridgehead - in 1943;
- in the crossing of Pripyat, in the battles for the cities of Pinsk and Brest, in the battles in the Baltic states, including for Riga and Courland - in 1944;
- in the Vistula-Oder operation, in the liberation of Poland, including the city of Schneidemühl (Pila), in battles in Eastern Pomerania, including in the liberation of the cities of Stargard, Altdamm, in the crossing of the Oder in the area of the city of Neu-Glitzen and the conquest of a bridgehead, in battles for access to the Elbe - in 1945.Deputy commander of the 32nd Guards Rifle Regiment, Major Volkov, distinguished himself during the crossing of the Dnieper on September 29, 1943, near the village of Glushets (Loevsky district, Gomel region). Having scouted out the crossing site, he organized the preparation of available means and crossing of the river. Under his leadership, repeated attempts by the enemy to dislodge the regiment's units from the bridgehead were repelled.
U of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR on January 15, 1944 for the exemplary performance of combat missions of the command on the front of the fight against the Nazi invaders and the courage and heroism shown by the Guard Major Volkov Nikolai Terentievich awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union with the Order of Lenin and the Gold Star medal (No. 2936).
In 1948 he graduated from the M.V. Frunze Military Academy. He served as a regiment commander, first in the group of Soviet occupation forces in Germany (GSOVG), and then in the 28th Army of the Belarusian Military District. Since March 1954, he was a teacher of military art, tactics, and head of the training department at the Officer Improvement Courses (OOCUOS) of the BelVO. Since August 31, 1956, he was a senior lecturer at the Military Department of the Belarusian Institute of Physical Education and Sports.
Lieutenant Colonel N.T. Volkov committed suicide on October 10, 1956. He was buried in Gomel.
A street in Zmeinogorsk is named after the Hero, and his bust is installed in the central square.
Awarded the Order of Lenin (15.01.44), 3 Orders of the Red Banner (08.08.43; 20.10.44; 12.05.45), Order of the Patriotic War 2nd degree (30.04.45), 2 Orders of the Red Star (16.10.42; 26.10 .55), medals “For courage” (02/28/42), “For the defense of Moscow”, “For the liberation of Warsaw”, “For victory over Germany”, “XXX years of the SA and the Navy”.
Nikolai Volkov was born and raised in the mining village of Zmeinogorsk, which is located in the foothills of Altai. I graduated from school here. In 1930, he went to the city of Krasnoyarsk, where he first graduated from the forestry workers' faculty, and then from the forestry institute. Having a higher education, Volkov returned to Zmeinogorsk and began working as a teacher at school, and from 1939 as the head of the district department of public education.
On January 12, 1940, Volkov was drafted into the Red Army. After attending the six-month regimental school of the 470th Infantry Regiment of the 194th Infantry Division as a cadet, Volkov remained at this school as a sergeant major. The division was stationed in the city of Chirchik, Tashkent region. On June 22, 1941, she was put on alert. A few days later her transfer to the front began.
In July 1941, the 194th Rifle Division arrived as part of the Reserve Front and took up defense along the Dnieper River in the Vyazma region. Sergeant Major Volkov was appointed commander of a machine gun platoon. But already at the beginning of August the division was transferred to the Bryansk Front in the area of the village of Zhukovka. Here Volkov received his baptism of fire. In this sector, his platoon held the defense during the Battle of Smolensk.
At the beginning of October 1941, fascist troops broke through the defenses of the Soviet troops and rushed to Moscow. Volkov’s platoon took part in the defense of the city of Karachev, and then, with heavy rearguard battles, they had to retreat first to Belyova, and then to Odoev. By October 25, scattered units of the 194th and 258th rifle divisions reached the Upa River west of Tula, where they entrenched themselves. The units of the two divisions were merged into one with the number 258, which became part of the 50th Army of the Western Front. Volkov spent the entire November 1941 in battle. The battles were especially difficult from November 27 to December 6, when the right flank of the enemy’s Tula group broke through to Kashira, and the left began to strike northwest of Tula with the goal of capturing the glorious city of gunsmiths. Here the soldiers of the 258th Infantry Division stood to their death. Volkov’s machine gunners mowed down the enemy near the villages of Pronino, Nikulinsky settlements, and Popovkino. Most of them fell in these bloody battles for Tula, but the Nazis managed not only to capture the city, but also to completely surround it. From these positions, the 258th Rifle Division launched a counteroffensive near Moscow.
Sergeant Major Volkov's machine-gun platoon, replenished with new fighters, took part in the liberation of the villages of Dubna and Elizavetovka, and on December 30, 1941, took part in street battles in the city of Kaluga. On the same day, the regional city near Moscow was liberated. This was the first major victory. For the valor and courage shown in battles in the Moscow region, the 258th Rifle Division was reorganized into the 12th Guards Division on January 5, 1942. The commander of the machine gun platoon of the Guard, Sergeant Major Volkov, was awarded the medal “For Courage”. He also received his first officer rank of junior lieutenant and became adjutant to the commander of the 32nd Guards Rifle Regiment.
In January 1942, the 12th Guards Rifle Division was transferred to the 16th Army of the Western Front, and it fought heavy battles near Sukhinichi. By the end of March, they managed to capture the villages of Popkovo, Kuklino, Bryn, and reached the Dragotan River, but this was an extremely weak advance, paid for by many lives of Soviet soldiers. The Nazis were still a powerful force in 1942. During these battles, Volkov became a lieutenant on March 9, a senior lieutenant on April 3, and was appointed first deputy and then commander of a rifle battalion.
In the summer of 1942, after a short rest, the 12th Guards Rifle Division was transferred to the 61st Army of the Western Front. Volkov fought in the ranks of this army until the end of the war. On July 10, Volkov was appointed assistant chief of staff of the 32nd Guards Rifle Regiment. The regiment fought difficult battles south of the city of Belev, in the area of the villages of Vygonovsky and Merkulovsky, and in August-September 1942 - in the area of \u200b\u200bthe Zheleznitsa station and the village of Veyno. Here we had to repeatedly hold back strong enemy counterattacks with the support of tanks. The battle on August 30, 1942 turned out to be especially difficult, when the Nazis threw 35 tanks and an infantry regiment from the 192nd Infantry Division into the positions of the 32nd Regiment, which was defending height 255.0. On the outskirts of Zheleznitsa, the Nazis managed to surround the 3rd battalion, and the battalion commander was killed. Senior Lieutenant Volkov took command of the PNSh Guard Regiment. He managed not only to repel all enemy attacks, but also to hold his positions on the outskirts of Zheleznitsa and on the slopes of the heights. In the battle, 14 tanks were knocked out and up to a company of infantry was destroyed. For this battle, Volkov was awarded the Order of the Red Star. He received the rank of captain, and in December 1942, major, and was appointed chief of staff of the 32nd Guards Rifle Regiment.
Until the summer of 1943, local battles raged in the Zheleznitsa area. The soldiers were engaged in reconnaissance, shelling, sniper work, and waged psychological warfare with the Nazis. Twice during this period: in November 1942 and in June 1943, Volkov was wounded by shrapnel from enemy shells. He was treated in combat formation, without even leaving the medical battalion.
On July 12, 1943, troops of the 61st Army of the Bryansk Front went on the offensive towards the city of Bolkhov. Just 2 days later, the village of Bagrinovo was liberated, in which the headquarters of the 11th regiment of the enemy’s 112th Infantry Division was captured. Particularly difficult were the battles for the city of Bolkhov itself, which dragged on until the end of July. All approaches to it were “stuffed” with bunkers, pillboxes, minefields, and had several defense lines with barbed wire. But Soviet soldiers broke the enemy's resistance. The 32nd Guards Rifle Regiment, in which the chief of staff was Guard Major Volkov, was one of the first to burst into the streets of Bolkhov. During the offensive, the division's fighters showed massive heroism; 3 Heroes silenced enemy machine guns, covering them with their bodies. On July 29, 1943, Bolkhov was completely cleared of the enemy. For his distinction in the offensive on the Kursk Bulge, Major Volkov was awarded the Order of the Red Banner. He was also appointed deputy commander of the 32nd Guards Rifle Regiment.
But Volkov accomplished his main feat on the Dnieper. After the capture of Bolkhov, the 61st Army caught up with the front line that had gone west, became part of the Central Front and fought north of the city of Chernigov. While the 29th and 37th Guards Regiments repelled enemy tank counterattacks, Guard Major Volkov with the 2nd battalions of the 32nd Guards Rifle Regiment made a maneuver, captured the village of Kukary and was the first in the division to reach the banks of the Dnieper, which contributed to the joint capture of the 12th Guards Rifle Regiment. th Guards Rifle Division on September 26, 1943 in the village of Lyubech.
The 32nd Guards Rifle Regiment was the first to begin crossing the Dnieper. On the night of September 28, 1943, an advance detachment of 62 people on 17 boats crossed the river, landed on the island and attacked the enemy. In a short battle, up to 30 fascists were destroyed, and most importantly, the Nazi assault bridge, thrown across the second branch of the river, was captured. Then, on September 29, the advance detachment, already under heavy enemy fire, made a breakthrough through the sleeve and captured a small bridgehead on the shore. The crossing of the units was led by Guard Major Volkov. After a signal from the opposite bank, he immediately began sending other units of the regiment to the bridgehead, and crossed himself with the third group. At the bridgehead, he personally participated in hand-to-hand combat and in repelling 4 enemy attacks. On October 1, 1943, together with neighboring regiments, Volkov’s regiment liberated the village of Glushets and expanded the bridgehead to 1 kilometer in depth.
October 6, 1943 was a turning point in the battle for the bridgehead. The Nazis threw an infantry regiment against the paratroopers with the support of 30 tanks. Our positions were fired upon by artillery and mortars. At the junction of the 32nd and 37th regiments, a fierce hand-to-hand battle ensued. Guard Major Volkov immediately arrived here. Under his leadership, the fascists who broke through were destroyed. He called our artillery fire on the advancing tanks literally “at himself”, 30-50 meters in front of the position. 5 tanks were set on fire, the rest turned back. Taking advantage of this, Guard Major Volkov launched a counterattack, which turned out to be very successful - the soldiers broke into the village of Staraya Lutava, pushing the border of the bridgehead another 500 meters. By October 15, units under the command of Volkov began fighting for the village of Malozhin; the bridgehead was united with other bridgeheads near the villages of Mysy, Nivki, Komarin, Teremtsy. For the feat accomplished on the Dnieper, Guard Major Volkov was nominated for the title of Hero of the Soviet Union.
At the end of October 1943, the 12th Guards Rifle Division was redeployed north along the Dnieper to the Radulsky bridgehead. From here he went on the offensive in the direction of the city of Mozyr. On November 26, 1943, in the area of the Polesie village of Malye Avtyutsevichi, Guard Major Volkov was wounded for the third time. During treatment, a Decree was issued by the PVS on awarding the title of Hero to a large number of soldiers and commanders of the 61st Army, including Volkov, who also received the military rank of guard lieutenant colonel.
After the return of the Guard, Lieutenant Colonel Volkov was appointed commander of the 32nd Guards Rifle Regiment. The regiment as part of the division took part in battles in the Polesie swamps on the banks of the Goryn River and at the end of March 1944 liberated the village of Stolin, Pinsk region. But in the spring, and even in the swamps, it was practically impossible to attack, and therefore the further offensive had to be postponed until the summer.
On July 10, 1944, the Pinsk operation began. The 12th Guards Rifle Division crossed Pripyat, captured a bridgehead near the village of Dzinkoviche-Velke and, building on its success, reached the Pina River. On July 14, the regional center of Belarusian Polesie was liberated. For skillful combat operations, the 12th Guards Rifle Division was given the honorary name “Pinskaya”. On July 28, the city of Brest was also liberated. The 32nd Guards Rifle Regiment under Guard Lieutenant Colonel Volkov took part in the battles for the city.
After the battles in Belarus, the 12th Guards Rifle Division as part of the army was unexpectedly transferred to the 3rd Baltic Front. On October 6, 1944, Volkov’s regiment took part in breaking through enemy defenses 2 kilometers from the city of Sigulda, after which it advanced along the Riga Highway, liberating up to 30 villages and manors. On October 13, Volkov’s regiment entered the eastern part of Riga and through its actions assisted the troops of the 2nd Baltic Front in the liberation of the capital of Latvia. For his distinction in these battles, the Guards Lieutenant Colonel Volkov was awarded the Order of the Red Banner.
At the end of October 1944, the 12th Guards Rifle Division as part of the army was transferred to the 1st Baltic Front, and it was redeployed to the area of the city of Seda, where Volkov’s regiment took part in the battles to break through the enemy’s defenses, pressed to the Baltic Sea in Courland. Intense battles near the city of Vainode did not produce tangible positive results, and the Courland group was left in an isolated state until May 1945.
In January 1945, the 61st Army was returned to the 1st Belorussian Front, and it crossed over to the Magnushevsky bridgehead. From here, on January 14, 1945, it went on the offensive during the Vistula-Oder operation. By January 27, Volkov's 32nd Guards Rifle Regiment reached the city of Schneidemühl (Pila, Poland). Throughout February and early March, the regiment had to fight against the Nazi group in Pomerania. The battles on the Drage River were especially difficult, where the enemy launched a number of strong counterattacks. Having repelled them, the regiment of the guard of Lieutenant Colonel Volkov liberated the city of Glambek, after which it launched an attack on the large center of fascist defense, the city of Stargard. On March 4, this city was taken. By March 17, Soviet soldiers reached the last enemy defensive line before the Oder - the city of Altdamm. With the capture of this city, the fighting in Pomerania ended for the 12th Guards Rifle Division. For these battles, Volkov was awarded the Order of the Patriotic War, 2nd degree.
The last battle of the Great Patriotic War for the guard of Lieutenant Colonel Volkov was the battle for Berlin. True, the 61st Army was advancing somewhat north of the German capital, but had a very important task - to reach the Elbe River. On April 16, 1945, soldiers of Volkov's regiment crossed the Oder and captured a bridgehead near the city of Neu-Glitzen. Skillfully introducing reserves into battle, Volkov’s regiment soon reached the Alte-Oder River. Pursuing the retreating enemy, by April 25, 1945, Soviet soldiers reached the Hohenzollern Canal near the city of Eberswalde. Having extinguished pockets of resistance on the shore, on April 28 the canal was crossed, followed by the Havel River. On May 1-2, 1945, Lieutenant Colonel Volkov's guard regiment had to endure the last fierce battle for the city of Neuruppin. On May 3, Soviet soldiers reached the banks of the Elbe River 20 kilometers southeast of the city of Wittenberg, where they met with soldiers and officers of the 84th American Infantry Division. For his distinction in the battles on the Oder and Elbe, the Guards Lieutenant Colonel Volkov was awarded the Order of the Red Banner.
After the end of the war, N.T. Volkov was sent to study at the Frunze Military Academy. After graduating from the Guard Academy, Lieutenant Colonel Volkov commanded the 170th Guards Rifle Regiment of the 57th Guards Rifle Division as part of the Soviet occupation forces in Germany. In September 1952, he was transferred to the post of commander of the 138th Guards Rifle Regiment of the 48th Guards Rifle Division of the 28th Army in the Belarusian Military District.
In December 1954, Volkov was transferred to teaching. He became a teacher of the history of military art and tactics at the district Officer Improvement Courses, located in the city of Gomel. But teaching was not to the liking of the combat officer, even though he became the head of the educational department.
The year 1956 became tragic for the Volkov family. On May 18, 1956, the lieutenant colonel’s wife, Nina Arkadyevna Volkova, died. It was hard for the officer to cope with the passing of his loved one. He began to resort to alcohol more and more. In the summer, Volkov was released from service in military courses, after which, although he found a new place of service - at the military department of the Belarusian Institute of Physical Education and Sports, he never showed up for teaching since September 1.
For unknown reasons, on October 10, 1956, Lieutenant Colonel N.T. Volkov committed suicide by hanging himself...
05.01.1942 - 09.05.1945
The division traces its history back to the 258th Infantry Division, formed in Orel in July 1941, which on January 5, 1942, for military merits in the Battle of Moscow, was transformed into the 12th Guards Rifle Division.
In January 1942, as part of the 10th and then 16th armies, she fought under the city of Sukhinichi, and after its liberation from the Nazi invaders, it advanced in a southwest direction.
On April 16, 1942, the division was withdrawn from the battle and transferred to the Reserve Headquarters of the Supreme High Command. In difficult conditions of the late spring thaw, parts of the division made a 70-kilometer march and concentrated on April 27 in the area of Kozelsk, Berezichi, Cheap, Klyuksy. For the first time after 8 months of fighting, the division had the opportunity to rest, replenish its personnel, and receive new weapons and equipment.
Subsequently, the division took part in hostilities on the Kursk Bulge, the Battle of the Dnieper, and in the liberation of the Byelorussian SSR and the Baltic states.
On July 23, 1944, the 12th Guards Rifle Division was awarded the honorary name “Pinsk” for military services.
The division took part in the liberation of the Latvian SSR, cities of Sigulda, Riga, in November 1944, fought in the Priekule area as part of the 1st Baltic Front.
After fighting on the territory of the Latvian SSR and the Lithuanian SSR, the division was transferred to Poland and took part in the throw from Vistula to Oder, and the persecution of the Germans from Oder to Elbe.
The division participated in the Berlin operation and on May 2, 1945, met with units of the 84th American Infantry Division on the Elbe River near the city of Roddan (20 kilometers southeast of the city of Wittenberg).
Commanders:
- Colonel Siyazov Mikhail Alexandrovich from January 5, 1942 to March 26, 1942
- Major General Erastov Konstantin Maksimovich from March 31, 1942 to July 9, 1943
- Colonel Malkov Dmitry Kuzmich July 10, 1943 to May 9, 1945
Compound :
- 29th Guards Rifle Kobrin Red Banner Regiment
- 32nd Guards Rifle Brest Regiment
- 37th Guards Rifle Kobrin Red Banner Regiment
- 31st Guards Artillery Kobrin Red Banner Regiment
- 8th Separate Guards Anti-Tank Fighter Division
- 10th Separate Guards Reconnaissance Company
- 9th Separate Guards Engineer Battalion
- 49th (11th) Separate Guards Signal Battalion
- 483rd (5th) separate medical battalion
- 13th Guards Separate Chemical Defense Company
- 505th (15th) separate motor transport company
- 611th (7th) field bakery
- 575th (6th) Divisional Veterinary Hospital
- 957th Field Postal Station
- 809th field cash desk of the State Bank
- reconnaissance cavalry squadron
- separate training battalion
- separate anti-aircraft machine gun company
Settlements:
- X. Pudyki 09-25.11.1944
- Art. Vainode 30.10-05.11.1944
PERSONNEL
Total: 60
gunner of the 31st Guards. AP 12th Guards SD
1924 - 28.11.1944
Officers:
- Guards Art. military lieutenant Badretdinov Abdula Akhmatzyanovich, art. veterinary paramedic of the 1st division of the 31st GAP, born in 1914
- Guards ml. Lieutenant Vaskin Mukharyam Khairulovich, room according to technical unit commander of the OZPR, born in 1919.
- Guards Major Volkov Nikolai Terentievich, deputy commander of the 32nd Guards Regiment 05/05/1913 - 10/10/1956
- Guards Art. Lieutenant Karimov Khasyan Karimovich, commander of the control platoon of the 8th battery of the 31st GAP 1916 - 03/10/1945
- Guards Art. technical lieutenant Kulyba Petr Dmitrievich, chief of artillery supply of the 8th OGIPTD, born in 1923.
- Guards Lieutenant Colonel Milner Rafail Isaevich, commander of the 37th Guards Rifle Regiment 1910 - 07/04/1979
- Guards Lieutenant Colonel Mokhov Ivan Petrovich, commander of the 29th Guards Regiment, born in 1907.
- Guards Lieutenant Colonel Podlobko Alexander Samuilovich, commander of the 29th Guards Regiment, born in 1906.
- Guards Lieutenant Chernetsov Semyon Petrovich, commander of the ammunition supply platoon of the 3rd division of the 31st GAP, born in 1906.
- Guards technical lieutenant Chernov Georgy Fedorovich, ml. artillery technician of the 31st Civil Aviation Regiment, born in 1916.
- Guards Lieutenant Shchipitsin Boris Vasilievich, commander of a mortar platoon of 120 mm mortars of the 32nd Guards Regiment, born in 1918.
Rank and file:
Purpose: Meeting of students of grades 1-A and 3-B with the Chairman of the Council of Veterans of the 12th Guards Pinsk Division. Acquaintance with interesting facts of the war years, familiarization with the history of the native country, the formation of a sense of patriotism and pride in one’s grandfathers and great-grandfathers, for one’s great Motherland, instilling respect for older people, their merits and life experience.
Decoration: Banner of the 12th Guards Division, stand “Combat Path of the Division”, wall newspaper “Veterans of the 12th Guards”, soldier’s tunic, helmet, cap, machine gun, kettle for storing hot food, spoon, flask, camping flashlight and military awards of WWII veteran Yuri Anatolyevich Vasiliev . Creative works of 1st grade students dedicated to the 65th anniversary of the Victory.
During the classes
1. On the eve of the 65th anniversary of the Great Victory, a Courage Lesson was held at school No. 1244 in Moscow, in grade 1-A.
On a visit to the students of 1-A (class leader N.G. Ogbaidze) and 3-B(cl. head Kurilovich G.V.) of classes of school No. 1244, the mother of a 1-A class student, Elena Vladimirovna Vasilyeva, and the Chairman of the Council of Veterans of the 12th Guards Pinsk Red Banner, Order of Suvorov Division, Igor Yuryevich Vasiliev, came. This honorary title was entrusted to him by the veterans of the division, who, after the death of their comrade in arms Vyacheslav Pavlovich Semin, who for many years was the Chairman of the Council of Veterans of the 12th Division, considered Igor Yuryevich a worthy successor, a continuer of deeds and ideas, and a keeper of the memory of his native division. In addition, Igor Yuryevich’s father, Vasiliev Yuri Anatolyevich, was directly related to the legendary division, since he went through a glorious military path in the ranks of the 12th Guards from Moscow to Berlin. Unfortunately, Yuri Anatolyevich did not live to see this day, he did not live exactly 2 months before the birth of his granddaughter Lyubochka, who is now studying in this same 1-A grade. He didn’t make it, just like many other veterans. Well, life dictates its own rules: someone is born, someone leaves. These people left, giving us the right to life, to love, to happiness and peace. Eternal memory to them!
The lesson of Courage was not quite usual for the guys. First of all, this was their first Lesson in Courage. Secondly, Igor Yuryevich Vasiliev did not come empty-handed: he brought real military requisites from the wartime. The banner of the 12th Guards Division, a soldier’s tunic, a helmet, a cap, a machine gun, a kettle for storing hot food, a spoon, a flask that saved soldiers from thirst, a camp flashlight and the most valuable thing - the military awards of his father, Yuri Anatolyevich Vasiliev. The guys were able not only to hear an interesting story about the division’s combat path, but also to touch with their own hands all those things that are connected with the distant war. Everyone was eager to try on a combat helmet, cap and hold a machine gun in their hands.
Vasiliev Igor Yuryevich told the guys about the history of the division, showed the entire combat path on a specially designed stand: the guys were able to imagine how hard and long the fighters walked to the cherished Victory.
Guest's story :
June 22, 1941 is the longest day of the year. It will be the most bitter for the country stretching from the Carpathians to the Pacific Ocean. By this day, the Soviet Union was in a state of peace. Last moments of silence. Hiding in the predawn fog, Hitler's armies reached their final lines. At 4 o'clock in the morning, without a declaration of war, treacherously fascist Germany attacked our Motherland.
Just imagine all the horror: explosions, roar, death, blood, panic, tears. Trouble has befallen our country. But the fascists failed to break it, they failed to enslave our people, because millions of people volunteered to go to the front to repel the hated enemy.
My father, Vasiliev Yuri Anatolyevich, also volunteered for the front at the age of 17 and went through a glorious battle path from Moscow to Berlin as part of the 12th Guards Pinsk Division.
The 12th Guards Rifle Division made a significant contribution to our Great Victory over the Nazi invaders. The division was formed as the 258th Infantry Division in Oryol in July 1941. During the war, she defended Bryansk, broke through the encirclement through the Bryansk forests, broke through the encirclement ring on the Karachev-Khvastovichi highway, giving other formations of the 50th Army the opportunity to break through, defended the line on the Oka River, south of the city of Belev, defended the city of Tula in October -December 1941, took part in the liberation of the cities of Odoev, Kaluga, Sukhinichi, Bolkhov, Lyubech, Kalinkovichi, Mozyr, Pinsk, Yanuva, Kobrin, Brest, Sigulda, Riga, Warsaw, participated in the Berlin operation and on May 2, 1945 met with 334 - Infantry Regiment of the 84th American Infantry Division on the Elbe River near the city of Roddan, 20 kilometers southeast of the large city of Wittenberg.
During the war, the 12th Guards Rifle Division crossed large water obstacles: the Dnieper, Pripyat, Western Dvina, and Oder rivers. She took part in the Moscow and Kursk battles, the battle for the Dnieper, the liberation of Belarus, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, in the throw from the Vistula to the Oder, “gnawing through” the Nazi defense from the Oder to the Elbe.
The division liberated 267 settlements from the enemy.
For successful military operations, courage and perseverance, according to incomplete data, 7056 soldiers, sergeants and officers of the formation were awarded orders and medals of the USSR, and 74 soldiers were awarded the title Hero of the Soviet Union. The division received the honorary title “Pinsk”, and the regiments – “Kobrin” and “Brest”. After the end of the war, the 12th Guards Division was in Germany in the Group of Soviet Occupation Forces. Some of its soldiers took part in the Victory Parade on June 24, 1945, on Red Square in Moscow.
Before the Berlin operation (April 14, 1945), the poet Mikhail Svetlov and composers Tikhon Khrennikov and Mikhail Blanter visited the division on the banks of the Oder. They wrote a song about the division. A song is playing (text of the song in Appendix 1).
In the post-war years, the division's veterans tried to stick together and kept in touch with those who lived far from Moscow. This is how the Council of Veterans of the 12th Division arose.
The chairmen of the veterans council were: the founder of the veteran organization Hero of the Soviet Union, Lieutenant General D.K. Malkov, Hero of the Soviet Union, Lieutenant General I.S. Kolesnikov,). In May 1994, Colonel V.P. was elected chairman. Borodin, and after Borodin’s death he headed the Council of Veterans V.P. Semin is a friend of Marshal of Victory Georgy Konstantinovich Zhukov.
Photo 1.“To remember...”
Photo 2. He who does not know the past has no future.
Photo 3
Photo 4. The Chairman of the Council of Veterans of the 12th Guards Pinsk Division talks about the war.
Photo 5. Military details.
Photo 6. Teachers understand the importance and significance of the event. Where else can you see all this?
Continuation of the guest's story : The years are passing inexorably, time is slowly taking away the strength and health of veterans, many of them lead a sedentary lifestyle, some are completely bedridden. But there is a special day of the year when veterans of the 12th Guards Division, having gathered all their strength and will, come to the long-awaited meeting in Gorky Park - this is May 9, Victory Day.
One day, in 2006, when fellow soldiers were enjoying a long-awaited meeting, a man dressed in a Cossack uniform suddenly appeared. In his hands he held a sign with the inscription that he was looking for fellow soldiers of his uncle Anatoly Ivanovich Uryupin, who disappeared during the Great Patriotic War.
So, one of its most active members, search engine Anatoly Aleksandrovich Uryupin, appeared in the Council of Veterans of the 12th Guards Pinsk Division. He managed to find many interesting documents related to the combat past of the division, and in March 2010 he found and visited the grave of his uncle in Poland, whose search he began in 2006. The Poles helped Anatoly find a Russian military cemetery, which has a lot of unmarked graves of Soviet soldiers. Anatoly Alexandrovich invited an Orthodox priest who served a memorial service for the fallen soldiers. And like a miracle, unexpectedly for everyone present, cranes appeared in the sky above the cemetery. They circled and circled and headed for Russia. This amazing story happened in March 2010, the year of the 65th anniversary of the Great Victory.
Photo 7. Anatoly Aleksandrovich Uryupin at the grave of his uncle A.I. Uryupin.
Conversation between teachers N.G. Ogbaidze and G.V. Kurilovich with students:
After the speech of Vasilyev I.Yu. class teachers of grades 1-A and 3-B conducted a blitz survey on military topics, the purpose of which was to identify what elementary school students know about the Great Patriotic War. (blitz survey in Appendix 2)
The schoolchildren were not only grateful listeners, but were also able to act as storytellers themselves. They are still small, but they love the history of their country and study it with interest.
Student performance:
Student 1. The work of teachers in the patriotic education of schoolchildren is great and significant. Students of grade 1-A also prepared for the Lesson of Courage and read poems dedicated to the memory of the war years to the dear guest. (texts of poems in Appendix 3)
Photo 8. Kurilovich G.V., Ogbaidze N.G. and young readers
The performance of class 1-A student Vasilyeva Lyubov was especially touching. Her grandfather, Vasiliev Yuri Anatolyevich, was directly related to the 12th Guards Division, as part of which he reached Berlin. Together with her mother, Vasilyeva E.V., she wrote a poem, which she read in memory of her grandfather and all the heroes of the war. (text of the poem in Appendix 4)
2. On the eve of the 65th anniversary of the Victory, the children, preparing for the Lesson of Courage, showed themselves not only as good students and performers, but also turned out to be quite mature for independent actions. Ivan Melnikov and Alina Guseva, students of grade 1-A, prepared greeting cards for veterans of the 12th Guards Division.
On May 9, 2010, these postcards were read and given to the veterans by Lyuba Vasilyeva, who, together with her parents, takes part annually in organizing and holding meetings of fellow soldiers in Gorky Park.
Photo 9. Congratulations to Alina Guseva
Photo 10. Congratulations to Ivan Melnikov
Final part
Speech by Elena Vladimirovna Vasilyeva:
"Dear Guys! I am very glad that such a wonderful meeting took place today. An important and significant event awaits us ahead for our country and for the whole world - the 65th anniversary of the Great Victory. Be sure to try to visit the center of Moscow with your parents, to the places where veterans meet. There are very few of them left, so it is so important that we remember them, respect and love them, take care of them and, of course, do not forget to say kind words on such an important historical day. Read books, watch good films about the war, visit museums, study the stories of your families. In a word, live without forgetting the history of your country. You are our future. And I want to believe that the future is powerful, educated, honoring the shrines of its state, respecting the elderly. Thank you for today’s lesson and happy holiday!”
The song by A. Pakhmutova and M. Lvov “Let us bow to those great years” is played. The guys come up and look at the military exhibition, photographs, works of classmates, touch details, awards, take photographs for memory.
Educated January 5, 1942 by transforming the 258th Infantry Division for military merits in the Battle of Moscow.
IN January 1942 years, as part of the 10th and 16th armies, she fought near the city of Sukhinichi, and after its liberation, she advanced in the southwestern direction. By mid-April, it reached the Dragozhan and Kotoryanka rivers, liberating the settlements of Bryn, Semichastnoye, Pustynka, and Vydrovka from the enemy.
April 16 The division was withdrawn from the battle and transferred to the Reserve Headquarters of the Supreme High Command. On April 27, after a difficult 70-kilometer march, units of the division concentrated in the area of Kozelsk, Berezichi, Cheshevka, Klyuksa, after which they settled down to rest: the division also had the opportunity to replenish personnel and receive new weapons and equipment.
Summer 1942 The division, after a short rest, was transferred to the 61A Bryansk Front. In August-September 1942, she fought heavy battles in the area of Zheleznitsa station and the village of Veyno (south of Belev).
Winter 1943 In 1943, the 12th Guards Rifle Division was transferred from the reserve of the Headquarters of the Supreme High Command to the Bryansk Front and, as part of the 61st Army, took up positions on the northern front of the Kursk Bulge on the right bank of the Oka northeast of Bolkhov, which it held until the summer of 1943.
At the beginning of July '43. 61A Belova P.A. was preparing for an attack on Bolkhov. In preparation for the attack on Bolkhov, measures were taken to misinform the enemy in order to convince the German command that the main blow would be delivered to Bolkhov from the north from the direction of Goskov. In view of the preparation of an offensive in the 11GvA sector, Bagramyan I.Kh. an attack by adjacent flanks on Bolkhov from the north would be most obvious. However, the front command decided to attack Bolkhov from the east. At the same time, it was necessary to force the river. Oka, on which there was only one small bridgehead. For the successful crossing of the river and the transfer of armored vehicles and artillery to the bridgeheads, several collapsible bridges of different carrying capacity (including up to 60 tons) were prepared. In general, the offensive in the selected area on the river. Oka turned out to be unexpected for the enemy, although breaking his resistance was not an easy task. The army carried out a large regrouping of formations from the right to the left flank. On the night of July 9, the division replaced units of the 336th Rifle Division on a small bridgehead on the river. Oka near Karagashinka.
On July 11, divisions of the 9GvSK (12, 76, 77 Guards Division) conducted reconnaissance in force on the Karagashino bridgehead. The battalions of the 12th Guards Airborne Division advanced to the north. outskirts of Palchikovo, but had no further progress. The purpose of the attack was to reveal the location of the front line of the German troops and, in general, the task of force reconnaissance was completed. On the morning of July 12, artillery preparation began. 2,586 guns and mortars opened fire. The artillery density in the 9.5 km section of the breakthrough was 164 guns per kilometer. The artillery preparation lasted 1.5 hours, and after a volley of PCs, the infantry attack began. During the attack, the division was able to reach the southwestern outskirts of Palchikovo, but it was not yet possible to capture this strong enemy stronghold. The division's losses on July 11-12 amounted to 105 killed and 635 wounded. At night, the enemy brought up reserves and the battles that broke out on the morning of July 13 were even more fierce than on the previous day. German troops launched repeated counterattacks. Losses of 61A on this day amounted to 2,500 people. During the battle, together with units of the 97th Rifle Division, we managed to capture Palchikovo and advance in the direction of Khomyakovo. On July 14, 9GvSK, continuing to develop the offensive, repelling enemy counterattacks, broke through the rear line of enemy defense. The 12th Guards Infantry Division advanced to Bagrinovo. Having repelled counterattacks of German divisions transferred from 9A, which was attacking Kursk from the north, 9GvSK continued the attack on Bolkhov. Having broken through the rear defensive line east of Bolkhov, the corps supported the assault on the city with more recent divisions of 46SK. Subsequently, after clearing Bolkhov from the enemy by July 27, the division advanced south in the direction of Chernogryazok and Voskresensky. The total losses of the 12th Guards Airborne Forces during the Bolkhov operation amounted to 879 killed and 4,252 wounded.
In further battles, 61A pursued enemy units departing from the Oryol ledge in the direction of Khotynets. At the turn of the river On August 8, the army was withdrawn to the reserve of Headquarters in the Orel area.
Subsequently, the division participated in the crossing of the Dnieper and the liberation of Belarus and the Baltic states.
Summer 1944 The 9th Guards Rifle Corps, which included the division, took part in the defeat of the enemy Pinsk group and the liberation of the city of Pinsk. By July 1944, the enemy garrison in Pinsk included units of the 7th Infantry Division, security and cavalry regiments, and a sapper battalion. The 12th Guards Rifle Division advanced on Pinsk from the south, crossing Pina on July 13 together with the 212th Rifle Division. After a fierce assault on July 14, Pinsk was captured. July 23, 1944 In 2008, the 12th Guards Rifle Division was awarded the honorary name “Pinsk” for military merits.
13.10.44 as part of the 1st Shock Army, participates in the assault on Riga, the capital of the Latvian SSR
Subsequently, the division participates in the push from the Vistula to the Oder and the pursuit of the Germans from the Oder to the Elbe. During the days of its offensives, the division crossed the Dnieper, Pripyat, Western Dvina and Oder rivers. The soldiers of the unit liberated 267 settlements. The division took part in the assault on Berlin; on May 2, 1945 it met with units of the 84th Infantry Division on the Elbe near the city of Roddan (20 km southeast of Wittenberg).