Covalent chemical bond, its varieties and mechanisms of formation. Characteristics of covalent bonds (polarity and bond energy). Ionic bond. Metal connection. Hydrogen bond.
1. In ammonia and barium chloride, the chemical bond is respectively
1) ionic and covalent polar
2) covalent polar and ionic
3) covalent nonpolar and metallic
4) covalent nonpolar and ionic
2. Substances with only ionic bonds are listed in the following series:
1) F 2, CCl 4, KS1
2) NaBr, Na 2 O, KI
3) SO 2 .P 4 .CaF 2
4) H 2 S, Br 2, K 2 S
3. A compound with an ionic bond is formed by interaction
1) CH 4 and O 2
2) SO 3 and H 2 O
3) C 2 H 6 and HNO 3
4. In which series do all substances have a polar covalent bond?
1) HCl,NaCl.Cl 2
2) O 2 .H 2 O.CO 2
3) H 2 O.NH 3 .CH 4
5. In which series are the formulas of substances with only covalent polar
connection?
1) C1 2, NO 2, HC1
3) H 2 S.H 2 O.Se
4) HI,H 2 O,PH 3
6. Covalent nonpolar bond is characteristic of
1) C1 2 2) SO 3 3) CO 4) SiO 2
7. A substance with a polar covalent bond is
1) C1 2 2) NaBr 3) H 2 S 4) MgCl 2
8. A substance with a covalent bond is
1) CaC1 2 2) MgS 3) H 2 S 4) NaBr
9. A substance with a covalent nonpolar bond has the formula
1) NH 3 2) Cu 3) H 2 S 4) I 2
10. Substances with non-polar covalent bonds are
1) water and diamond
2) hydrogen and chlorine
3) copper and nitrogen
4) bromine and methane
11. A chemical bond is formed between atoms with the same relative electronegativity
2) covalent polar
3) covalent nonpolar
4) hydrogen
12. Covalent polar bonds are characteristic of
1) KC1 2) HBr 3) P 4 4) CaCl 2
13. A chemical element in the atom of which the electrons are distributed among the layers as follows: 2, 8, 8, 2 forms a chemical bond with hydrogen
1) covalent polar
2) covalent nonpolar
4) metal
14. In the molecule of which substance does the bond between carbon atoms have the longest length?
1) acetylene 2) ethane 3) ethene 4) benzene
15. Three common electron pairs form a covalent bond in a molecule
2) hydrogen sulfide
16. Hydrogen bonds form between molecules
1) dimethyl ether
2) methanol
3) ethylene
4) ethyl acetate
17. Bond polarity is most pronounced in the molecule
1) HI 2) HC1 3) HF 4) NVg
18. Substances with non-polar covalent bonds are
1) water and diamond
2) hydrogen and chlorine
3) copper and nitrogen
4) bromine and methane
19. Hydrogen bonding is not typical for the substance
1) H 2 O 2) CH 4 3) NH 3 4) CH3OH
20. A covalent polar bond is characteristic of each of the two substances whose formulas are
1) KI and H 2 O
2) CO 2 and K 2 O
3) H 2 S and Na 2 S
4) CS 2 and PC1 5
21. The weakest chemical bond in a molecule
1) fluorine 2) chlorine 3) bromine 4) iodine
22. Which substance has the longest chemical bond in its molecule?
1) fluorine 2) chlorine 3) bromine 4) iodine
23. Each of the substances indicated in the series has covalent bonds:
1) C 4 H 10, NO 2, NaCl
2) CO, CuO, CH 3 Cl
3) BaS,C 6 H 6, H 2
4) C 6 H 5 NO 2, F 2, CC1 4
24. Each of the substances indicated in the series has a covalent bond:
1) CaO, C 3 H 6, S 8
2) Fe.NaNO 3 , CO
3) N 2, CuCO 3, K 2 S
4) C 6 H 5 N0 2, SO 2, CHC1 3
25. Each of the substances indicated in the series has a covalent bond:
1) C 3 H 4, NO, Na 2 O
2) CO, CH 3 C1, PBr 3
3) P 2 Oz, NaHSO 4, Cu
4) C 6 H 5 NO 2, NaF, CC1 4
26. Each of the substances indicated in the series has covalent bonds:
1) C 3 H a, NO 2, NaF
2) KS1, CH 3 Cl, C 6 H 12 O 6
3) P 2 O 5, NaHSO 4, Ba
4) C 2 H 5 NH 2, P 4, CH 3 OH
27. Bond polarity is most pronounced in molecules
1) hydrogen sulfide
3) phosphine
4) hydrogen chloride
28. In the molecule of which substance are the chemical bonds the strongest?
29. Among the substances NH 4 Cl, CsCl, NaNO 3, PH 3, HNO 3 - the number of compounds with ionic bonds is equal
Answers: 1-2, 2-2, 3-4, 4-3, 5-4, 6-1, 7-3, 8-3, 9-4, 10-2, 11-3, 12-2, 13-3, 14-2, 15-1, 16-2, 17-3, 18-2, 19-2, 20-4, 21-4, 22-4, 23-4, 24-4, 25- 2, 26-4, 27-4, 28-1, 29-3, 30-4
And barium chloride chemical bond respectively
1) ionic and covalent polar 2) covalent polar and ionic
3) covalent non-polar and metallic 4) covalent non-polar and ionic
2. Substances with only ionic bonds are listed in the following series:
1) F2, СCl4, КС1 2) NaBr, Na2O, KI 3) SO2.P4.CaF2 4) H2S, Br2,K2S
3. Compounds with ionic bonds are formed by interaction
1) CH4 and O2 2) SO3 and H2O 3) C2H6 and HNO3 4) NH3 and HCI
4. In which series do all substances have a polar covalent bond?
1) HCl, NaCl. Cl2 2) O2,H2O, CO2 3) H2O, NH3,CH4 4) NaBr, HBr, CO
5. In which series are the formulas of substances with only a polar covalent bond written?
1) C12, NO2, HC1 2) HBr, NO, Br2 3) H2S, H2O, Se 4) HI, H2O, PH3
6. Covalent nonpolar bond is characteristic of
1) C12 2) SO3 3) CO 4) SiO2
7. A substance with a polar covalent bond is
1) C12 2) NaBr 3) H2S 4) MgCl2
8. A substance with a covalent bond is
1) CaC12 2) MgS 3) H2S 4) NaBr
9. A substance with a covalent nonpolar bond has the formula
1) NH3 2) Cu 3) H2S 4) I2
10. Substances with non-polar covalent bonds are
respectively
1) NaCl and C12 2) HC1 and 02 3) 03 and HF 4) NH3 and H20
12. Strength of carbon-carbon bonds in the series propane - propene - propyne
1) increases 2) decreases
3) first increases, then decreases 4) does not change
13. Number of sigma bonds in a sulfuric acid molecule
1)4 2)2 3)8 4)6
14. Chemical bond in the ethane molecule and lithium chloride, respectively
1) hydrogen and covalent polar 3) covalent weakly polar and ionic
2) ionic and covalent nonpolar 4) covalent nonpolar and covalent polar
15. In metal oxides the bond
1) covalent polar 2) ionic
2) covalent non-polar 4) covalent weakly polar
Option 2.
1. Between atoms with the same relative electronegativity is formed
chemical bond
1) ionic 2) covalent polar
3) covalent nonpolar 4) hydrogen
2. Covalent polar bonds are characteristic of
1) KC1 2) НВг 3) P4 4) CaCl2
3. A chemical element in the atom of which the electrons are distributed among the layers as follows: 2, 8, 8, 2
forms a chemical bond with hydrogen
1) covalent polar 2) covalent nonpolar
3) ionic 4) metal
4. In which substance molecule does the bond between carbon atoms have the longest length?
1) acetylene 2) ethane 3) ethene 4) benzene
5. Three common electron pairs form a covalent bond in a molecule
1) nitrogen 2) hydrogen sulfide 3) methane 4) chlorine
6. Hydrogen bonds form between molecules
1) dimethyl ether 2) methanol 3) ethylene 4) ethyl acetate
7. Bond polarity is most pronounced in the molecule
1) HI 2) HC1 3) HF 4) NVg
8. Substances with non-polar covalent bonds are
1) water and diamond 2) hydrogen and chlorine 3) copper and nitrogen 4) bromine and methane
9. Hydrogen bond not typical For substances
1) H20 2) CH4 3) NH3 4) CH3OH
10. A covalent polar bond is characteristic of each of the two substances whose formulas are
1) KI and H2O 2) CO2 and K20 3) H2S and Na2S 4) CS2 and PC15
11. Chemical bond in sodium chloride
1) ionic 3) covalent polar
2) covalent nonpolar 4) hydrogen
12. In which series are substances with only ionic bonds written?
1) Ti02, Ca3N2, Na2S 3) KS1O3, C2H2, NaBr
2) CO, NaI03, C2H5OH 4) H2S, A1C13, NaHC03
13. Number of σ-bonds in an ethanol molecule 1)6 2)8 3)7 4)5
14. According to the donor-acceptor mechanism, one of the covalent bonds in the compound or ion is formed 1) OH - 2) S042- 3) H30+ 4) CaOH +
1) N2 and 03 2) N2 and NO 3) N2 and NaCl 4) N2 and CaS04
Option 3.
1. The weakest chemical bond in a molecule
2. In which substance molecule does the chemical bond have the longest length?
1) fluorine 2) chlorine 3) bromine 4) iodine
3. Each of the substances indicated in the series has covalent bonds:
1) C4H10, NO2, NaCl 2) CO, CuO, CH3Cl
3) BaS, C6H6,H2 4) C6H5NO2, F2, CC14
4. Each of the substances indicated in the series has a covalent bond:
1) CaO, C3H6, S8 2) Fe, NaNO3, CO
3) N2, CuCO3, K2S 4) C6H5N02, SO2, CHC13
5. Each of the substances indicated in the series has a covalent bond:
1) C3H4, NO, Na2O 2) CO, CH3C1, PBr3
3) P2O3, NaHSO4, Cu 4) C6H5NO2, NaF, CC14
6. Each of the substances indicated in the series has covalent bonds:
1) C3Ha, NO2, NaF 2) KS1, CH3Cl, C6H1206
3) P2O5, NaHSO4, Ba 4) C2H5NH2, P4, CH3OH
7. Bond polarity is most pronounced in molecules
1) hydrogen sulfide 2) chlorine 3) phosphine 4) hydrogen chloride
8. In the molecule of which substance are the chemical bonds the strongest?
1)СF4 2)CCl4 3)CBr4 4)CI4
9. Among the substances NH4Cl, CsCl, NaNO3, PH3, HNO3 - the number of compounds with ionic bonds is equal to
1) 1 2) 2 3) 3 4) 4
10. Among the substances (NH4)2SO4, Na2SO4, CaI2, I2, CO2 - the number of compounds with a covalent bond
equals 1) 1 2) 2 3) 3 4) 4
11. Compounds with covalent polar and covalent nonpolar bonds are
Accordingly 1) 12 and H2Te 2) HBr and Br2 3) Fe and HF 4) CO and S02
12. Strength of carbon-carbon bonds in the series ethylene - ethyn - ethane
1) Increases 3) first increases, then decreases
2) decreases. 4) does not change
13. Number of pi bonds in a phosphoric acid molecule
1)8 2)1 3)6 4)2
14. Chemical bond in hydrogen and ethanol molecules, respectively
1) hydrogen and covalent polar
2) covalent weakly polar and ionic
3) ionic and covalent nonpolar
4) covalent non-polar and covalent polar
15. Compounds with a covalent nonpolar and ionic bond are respectively
1) CO and O3 3) NH3 and H2