Unified State Examination under the Section: "THE SPIRITUAL SPHERE OF SOCIETY'S LIFE"
1. Write down the word missing in the table.
Types of religion
| Types of religions | Religions |
| National religions | Shintoism, Judaism, Hinduism |
| Christianity, Islam, Buddhism |
Answer:_____________.
2. Find a concept that is generalizing for all other concepts in the series presented below, and write down the number under which it is indicated.
1) spiritual culture; 2) spiritual values; 3) scientific research; 4) moral standards; 5) religious views; 6) moral actions.
3. Below is a list of characteristics. All of them, with the exception of two, relate to the characteristics of art.
1) imagery, 2) awakening of fantasy and imagination, 3) reliability and verifiability of results, 4) focus on obtaining objective truth, 5) emotionality of perception, 6) clarity.
Find two terms that “fall out” from the general series and write down the numbers under
by which they are indicated.
4. Select the correct statements about the role of the media and write down the numbers under which they are indicated.
1. The media in modern society can play a disintegrating, divisive role.
2. Government officials are forced to take the media into account.
3. Leaders in various fields of science, culture and economics have to reckon with the media.
4. The rapid growth of computer technology leads to a reduction in the number of media.
5. With the development of informatization of society, the media begin to have a less tangible impact on various spheres of social life.
Answer:_____________.
5. In recent years, several vocal and instrumental youth groups have formed in a large regional center. What features of the activities of these groups indicate their belonging to mass culture? Write down the numbers under which they are indicated.
1. develop traditions of folk vocal creativity
2. perform compositions of their own composition
3. the activity is commercial in nature
4. the repertoire consists of simple dance music
5. perform the function of accumulating cultural experience
6. works are addressed to the most aesthetically developed part of the public
Answer:_____________.
6. Select the correct judgments about spiritual culture and write down the numbers under which they are indicated.
1. Spiritual culture is one of the spheres of human activity in society.
2. Spiritual culture includes cognitive activity and its results.
3. The objects of spiritual culture are ideology, morality, and artistic creativity.
4. Spiritual culture is the artificial environment surrounding a person.
5. Spiritual culture includes material and spiritual values created by man.
Answer:_____________.
7. Establish a correspondence between the distinctive features of individual areas of culture and the branches of culture that they illustrate
| Signs | Branches of culture |
| A) classification of phenomena and types of thinking | 1) education |
| B) theoretical justification for the laws of development of nature and society |
|
| C) introducing the individual to the achievements of civilization |
|
| D) mastering the existing system of knowledge, norms and values | |
| D) development of systematically organized ways of influencing the environment |
Write down the selected numbers in the table under the corresponding letters.
| |
8. Medical scientists have conducted a number of studies and found means to combat the invisible enemies of human health - various viruses and pathogenic bacteria that cause infectious diseases. These drugs have become part of the practice of treating infectious diseases. What functions of science are illustrated by this example? Write down the numbers under which they are indicated.
1. ideological
2. social
3. educational
4. productive force
5. prognostic
6. epistemological
Answer:_____________.
9. Match the characteristics and functions of science
| CHARACTERISTICS | FUNCTIONS OF SCIENCE |
| A) shows possible dangerous trends in the development of society | 1) ideological |
| C) contributes to the construction of a holistic system of views on the world and man’s place in it | 2) prognostic |
| D) helps a person to consider the phenomena of the surrounding world in their unity and diversity |
|
| D) allows you to foresee the consequences of changes in the surrounding world |
| |
10. Establish a correspondence between the characteristic features and types (varieties) of culture
| CHARACTER TRAITS | TYPES OF CULTURE |
| A) commercialization of spiritual activities | 1) massive |
| B) priority development of entertainment genres |
|
| C) the need for special training of spectators | 2) elitist |
| D) focus on the needs of a wide range of consumers |
|
| D) complexity of content |
| |
11. Education reform is being carried out in country Z. What facts indicate that the reform is aimed at humanizing education? Write down the numbers under which they are indicated.
1. computerization of the educational process
2. focus on the interests and inclinations of the student
3. use of technologies that preserve children’s health
4. increasing the number of educational subjects
5. Reducing the time spent studying natural sciences
6. special attention to the moral education of children
Answer:_____________.
12. Match characteristics and types
(varieties) of culture
| CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES TYPES | (VARIETIES OF) CULTURES |
| A) profit-oriented | 1) massive |
| B) entertaining character |
|
| C) non-standard artistic means | 2) elitist |
| D) focus on the needs of a wide range of consumers |
|
| D) complexity of content |
| |
13. Find in the list below the features that characterize an exclusively elite culture:
expression of the refined tastes of a privileged part of society
commercial orientation
complexity and inconsistency
general availability
targeting a narrow circle of experts
anonymity
Answer:_____________.
14. Find examples of works of folk culture in the list below:
school jokes
historical novel
the legend of Stepan Razin
carol songs
Brazilian television series
Answer:_____________.
15. Find in the list below the trends that characterize the development of modern education:
reduction in duration of education
humanization of education
strengthening the class character of education
humanization of education
refusal to teach social sciences
6. creation of a unified education system for different countries
Answer:_____________.
16. Establish a correspondence between the characteristic of a culture and its industry: for each position from the first column, select the corresponding position from the second.
| Branch of culture |
|
| A. imagery | |
| B. logical evidence |
|
| B. aesthetic exploration of the world | 2. art |
| D. impact on human emotions |
|
| D. comprehensive description of the object |
| |
17. Find in the list below the levels of education in the Russian Federation, enshrined in the Law “On Education”:
preschool
additional
initial
professional
kindergarten
Answer:_____________.
18. Establish a correspondence between cultural areas and their characteristics: for each position given in the first column, select the corresponding position from the second column.
| SIGNS | AREAS OF CULTURE |
| A) the desire for reliable knowledge about the world around us | |
| B) representation of reality in artistic images | 2) art |
| B) knowledge of objective patterns of development of nature and society | 3) religion |
| D) belief in the influence of supernatural forces on human life |
|
| D) aesthetic development of the surrounding world |
| |
19. Find the characteristic features of art in the list below:
establishing the boundaries of personal freedom
building a system of evidence
form of knowledge of the world
figurative reflection of reality
emotional impact
logical consistency
Answer:_____________.
20. Read the text below, in which a number of words are missing. Select from the list provided the words that need to be inserted in place of the gaps.
Initially, in the interaction of innovation and _______ (A) in culture, the dominant role is played by the latter, consolidating and retaining slowly accumulating innovations. Moreover, this system in the early stages of the development of society is necessarily characterized by extreme cruelty, not allowing even a shadow of _______ (B). The deeper into the past, the more we see a person swaddled in speech and figurative cliches and stencils, in formulas of assessments and _________ (B), in formulas of everyday _________ (D), practical _______ (D), beliefs. He is relieved of the need to think: for almost every occasion in life, for almost every question there is a saying, a proverb, a quotation, a verse, a copybook, a generalized literary ______(E).
The words in the list are given in the nominative case. Each word or phrase can only be used once.
Choose one word after another, mentally filling in each gap. Please note that there are more words in the list than you will need to fill in the blanks.
2. behavior
3. democracy
4. innovation
5. art
6. reason
7. continuity
8. tradition
9. wisdom
| |
Read the text and complete tasks 21-24.
The modern meaning of the term “culture” is very diverse and often vague. Suffice it to recall that today culture is understood not only as a state or characteristic of society and man in general, but also as a very specific set of technologies, customs, traditions, way of life, statehood, etc.: “culture of Ancient Rus'”, “culture of the ancient world” , “West” or “Western culture”, “East” or “Eastern culture”, etc. It is in this sense that they speak, for example, about many cultures, about comparison of cultures, about dialogue and interaction of cultures. In these situations, the term “culture” refers to a really existing culture created in a certain area...
This word (term) in everyday life refers to art, museums, libraries, cinema, theaters, religion and many other very different things. We define as “cultural” or “uncultured” behavior of people; We use expressions such as “work culture”, “trade culture”, “production culture”, etc.
Cultural phenomena, by definition, arise only as results (traces) of human activity; they cannot appear in nature, in a “natural” way. This, in particular, is the same knowledge, beliefs, art, morals, law, customs and all other abilities, characteristics and habits acquired by man as a member of society; this is language, symbols and codes, ideas, taboos, rituals, ceremonies, social institutions, tools, technologies and all components associated with these phenomena...
Therefore, any manifestations of human activity that take place in a particular society, one way or another represent the culture of this society.
If, even for the best and noblest reasons, some of them are arbitrarily removed (not included in the culture), then the picture of a historically specific (local) actual culture will be incomplete, and the system of interactions between the elements or components, aspects of this culture will be distorted . In other words, the culture of a concrete historical society appears even in crime,
drug addiction and other quite odious events and processes. Fully deserving the label “anticulture,” such phenomena of social life nevertheless remain phenomena of the corresponding culture as a whole.
(D.A. Laletin)
21. Based on the text, give any three meanings of the term “culture”.
25. What meaning do social scientists put into the concept of “religion”. Using knowledge from your social studies course, compose two sentences: one sentence containing information about modern world religions, and one sentence revealing any of the functions of religion.
26. Name and illustrate with examples two features of a social institution using education as an example.
27. In country Z, people with disabilities have the opportunity to receive high-quality general and vocational education. During the reform of the education system, students were given the opportunity to choose programs that suit their interests and capabilities. What trend in the development of education does this example illustrate? Name and characterize any other trend in the development of modern education.
28. You have been instructed to prepare a detailed answer on the topic “The relationship between education and science in modern society.” Make a plan according to which you will cover this topic. The plan must contain at least three points, of which two or more are detailed in sub-points.
ANSWERS
| 1. world | 9. 22112 | 17. 3568 |
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| 10. 11212 | 18. 12132 |
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| 7. 22112 | ||||
| 12. 11212 | 16. 21221 | 20. 846921 |
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| 21. 1) the state or characteristic of society and man in general; 2) a very specific set of technologies, customs, traditions; Lifestyle; statehood; 3) art, museums, libraries, cinema, theaters (everyday interpretation); 4) culture as human behavior (“cultural” or “uncultural”). |
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| 22. 1) answer to the question: cultural phenomena arise as results of activity: 2) illustration of this connection using examples of cultural phenomena indicated in the text, for example: Language is the result of joint activity and communication between people: Art is the result of human activity, man’s figurative reflection of the world, man’s artistic creativity. |
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| 23. 1) acquaintance with the culture of another people, their mentality (museum experts from Scandinavian countries came to Moscow to visit museums, exhibitions, theaters to get acquainted with the spiritual achievements of the peoples of Russia); 2) interpersonal communication at the level of real and virtual informal contacts with representatives of other cultures, promoting understanding of each other, overcoming stereotypes, and mutual enrichment through other cultural experiences (teenagers communicate with their peers from different countries through social networks on the Internet); 3) exchange of spiritual values leading to the development of national cultures (university students holding round tables with representatives of national cultural autonomies, preparing book exhibitions “Masterpieces of National Literatures”, etc.) |
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| 24. 1) manifestations (including negative ones) of people’s activities and interpersonal relationships reflect the norms and sanctions, prohibitions and permissions existing in society; 2) manifestations of anticulture (crime, drug addiction, etc.) have social causes, are the result and manifestation of social relations and, in general, the culture of a particular society, understood in the broad sense of the word (as the result of all human activities); 3) social vices are largely determined by the culture of the entire society, for example, the content of economic crimes in developed countries and countries with an undeveloped economic culture is different; 1) vices are not a manifestation of culture, since they contradict universal human cultural norms and values; 2) verbal expressions and linguistic forms define manifestations of social vices as cultural actions, uncultured behavior (obscene language can hardly be considered cultural speech); 3) the need for purposeful formation (education) of culture is emphasized, in particular the culture of behavior, economic culture, political culture of representatives of various asocial groups. |
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| 25. Religion - belief in God, spirits, supernatural forces. 1) World religions include Islam, Christianity and Buddhism. 2) One of the functions of religion is ideological - it sets “ultimate” criteria, absolutes, from the point of view of which the world, society, and people are comprehended, and goal-setting and meaning-making are ensured. |
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| 26. - the presence of a role system - the main roles are defined (for example, student, teacher, school director) and their hierarchy; The presence of a set of institutions (for example, secondary school, gymnasium, lyceum, education administration); Availability of regulatory rules (for example, education law, school charter); The presence of important social functions (for example, the transfer of knowledge, skills, social experience, socialization of youth). |
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| 27. 1) trend (according to the text of the assignment) - humanization of education; 2) another trend with a corresponding characteristic, for example: Internationalization of education (integration of national educational systems); Informatization of education (development of distance learning, widespread use of information technologies and digital resources in teaching, focus on developing students’ skills in searching and analyzing a variety of information). |
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| 28. 1. Science and education as areas of spiritual culture 2. Science and education as social institutions of society 1) structure of education and science 2) functions of education in modern society 3) the development of science as a factor of social progress 4) state regulation of science and education 3. The influence of education on science 1) training of scientific personnel in higher education 2) formation of young people’s ideas about scientific activity and the status of a scientist 4. The impact of science on education 1) studying the basics of science as part of school subjects 2) turning universities into research centers 5. Prospects for further convergence of science and education |
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Grade 10
1 – option.
Part I .
1. The performance of classical music at a symphony orchestra concert is an example of culture:1) folk 2) mass 3) elite 4) traditional
2. The totality of everything created by humanity is covered by the concept:
1) technology 2) society 3) economy 4) culture
3. Russian scientist A.I. Kravchenko emphasizes: “No culture can be self-sufficient. The creative development of culture is possible only through interaction with other cultures, with every possible enrichment of one’s own experience.”
What phenomenon is being referred to in the statement?
1) traditions in culture 2) cultural search 3) dialogue of cultures 4) cultural isolation
4. Elite culture as opposed to mass culture:
1) focused on obtaining commercial benefits
2) characterized by the complexity of forms of artistic exploration of the world
3) is entertaining
4) created by qualified craftsmen
5. Are the following judgments about the role of science in modern society true?
A. The problem of a scientist's social responsibility for the consequences of his scientific discoveries was recognized many years ago.
B. In modern society, issues of social responsibility of a scientist have lost their relevance.
6. Are the following judgments about trends in the development of education correct?
A. The humanization of education is manifested in the introduction of information technology.
B. The internationalization of education is manifested in the recognition of educational documents obtained in one country by other countries.
1) only A is true 2) only B is true
3) both judgments are correct 4) both judgments are incorrect
7 . World religions include:
1) Christianity 2) Shintoism 3) Hinduism 4) Confucianism
8 . Which of the following characterizes art as opposed to science?
1) identification of patterns of development of nature and society
2) theoretical solution to worldview problems
3) reflection of the world in artistic images
4) use of concepts and theoretical positions
9
A. Art, unlike religion, has an emotional impact on people.
B. Art reflects the world around us and people in artistic images.
1) only A is true 2) only B is true
3) both judgments are correct 4) both judgments are incorrect
10. The statement: “Do unto others as you would have them do unto you,” is a formulation:
1) the right to personal integrity 2) the principle of the rule of law
3) the “golden rule of morality” 4) the right to freedom of conscience
11 . Find the main characteristics of moral standards in the list below. Write it downnumbers , under which they are indicated.
1) established by the state
2) are expressed in public opinion
3) mandatory
4) regulate social relations from the standpoint of good and evil
5) give a lot of room for interpretation
6) supported by the power of state coercion
12
FUNCTION OF CULTURECHARACTERISTIC
Information
Allows you to accumulate and transfer social experience from generation to generation
...
Allows people to communicate with each other
Answer:____________________
13 figure , under which it is indicated.
1) education system; 2) educational institutions; 3) goals of education;
4) functions of education in society; 5) educational programs.
Answer:________________
14. Below are a number of terms. All of them, with the exception of two, relate to the concept"the science".
1) hypothesis; 2) experiment; 3) evidence; 4) rationality;
5) sensuality; 6) theory; 7) concepts; 8) subjectivity.
Answer:____________
15. Establish a correspondence between the characteristics and functions of education: for each position given in the first column, select the corresponding position from the second column.
CHARACTERISTICSFUNCTIONS OF EDUCATION
A) formation of the intellectual and moral potential of society and the state
B) reproduction of professional personnel
B) development of skills, abilities, interests
D) mastering scientific knowledge, acquiring experience and skills
D) transmission and dissemination of culture in society
1) social
2) personal
16.
1) factual nature
Answer:
17.
“Scientists have created several classifications of religions. The simplest of them unites religions into three groups. Primitive tribal beliefs. They arose in ___________ (A), but over time they did not disappear from people’s consciousness, but survived and live to this day along with more complex religions. Numerous ___________ (B) come from them. National-state religions, which form the basis of the life of entire peoples and nations. World religions, that is, those that have gone beyond national-state boundaries and have a huge number of followers all over the world. There are three world religions: Christianity, ___________ (B), ___________ (D). All religions can also be combined into two large groups ___________ (D), i.e., those recognizing the existence of one God and ___________ (E), recognizing many gods.”
Choose one word after another, mentally filling in each gap. Please note that there are more words in the list than you will need to fill in the blanks.
List of terms:
The words in the list are given in the nominative case. Each word (phrase) can be used only once. Choose one word after another, mentally filling in each gap. Please note that there are more words in the list than you will need to fill in the blanks.Answer:
18. Science is:
1) the only form of knowledge 2) social stratum
3) a set of life values 4) a special system of knowledge
19. Subculture is usually called:
1) traditional cultural values
2) denial of the most important cultural values
3) the culture of any social or demographic group
4) innovation in the field of artistic creativity
20. What science studies the origin and content of moral norms?
1) ethics 2) linguistics 3) literary criticism 4) aesthetics
Part II .
21. What meaning do social scientists give to the concept of “morality”? Using knowledge from a social science course, make two sentences: one sentence containing information about any of the functions of morality in society, and one sentence revealing any category of morality.22 . All forms and directions of culture are closely related to each other. Products of elite culture may well become part of mass culture. Mass and folk cultures are also interconnected.
Illustrate with any three examples the relationship and interaction between different forms of culture. (Write the relationship illustrated first, then the specific example.)
23. One of the lessons in the 10th grade was held at an exhibition in the historical museum. The schoolchildren were shown lace, fabrics, and clothes made by peasant women for holidays, everyday life, and special events, as well as clay animal figurines in the form of whistles made at home. Guess what form of culture the exhibited works belong to, and indicate by what criteria this can be determined. Name any two characteristics of this form of culture that are not reflected in the condition.
Testing on the topic: “Spiritual life of society.” Grade 10
Option 2.
Part I .
1. The traveling circus tours are an example of culture:1) folk 2) mass 3) elite 4) pop
2. Which of the meanings of the concept “culture” is the narrowest?
1) level of technical development of society
2) the totality of all achievements of mankind
3) the degree of education of a person
4) all genres of art
3. Elite culture, as opposed to mass culture:
1) uses a system of artistic images
2) has genre diversity
3) created by professionals
4) assumes a high level of aesthetic culture of consumers
4. Folk culture products are distinguished by the fact that:
1) they satisfy the needs of a specially trained consumer, a connoisseur
2) their production has a pronounced commercial orientation
3) their creators and creators are usually anonymous
4) they are created to satisfy the spiritual needs of people
5. Are the following statements about modern culture true?
A. Modern culture presents numerous forms and varieties of culture: mass, elite, folk, screen and others.
B. Works of modern culture are accessible only to a narrow circle of art connoisseurs and highly educated intellectuals.
1) only A is true 2) only B is true
3) both judgments are correct 4) both judgments are incorrect
6. Are the following judgments about the role of education in modern society correct?
A. Education remains one of the most important channels of individual socialization.
B. In the system of modern education, the tendency towards its humanization and towards taking into account the individual characteristics of schoolchildren is becoming increasingly important.
1) only A is true 2) only B is true
3) both judgments are correct 4) both judgments are incorrect
7 . National religions include:
1) Buddhism 2) Christianity 3) Confucianism 4) Islam
8 . Which of the following features directly characterizes art?
1) adapting the world to human needs
2) establishing the essence of natural and social phenomena
3) aesthetic development of the surrounding world
4) clarifying the patterns of development of society
9 . Are the following statements about art true?
A. Works of art are intended, first of all, to bring practical benefits to people.
B. In modern society, synthetic arts are widespread, combining various genres and types of art in their products.
1) only A is true 2) only B is true
3) both judgments are correct 4) both judgments are incorrect
10. What distinguishes religion from other forms (areas) of spiritual culture?
1) expression of a subjective attitude towards the world
2) reflection of reality in artistic images and symbols
3) theoretical understanding of the essence of social and natural phenomena
4) the idea of supernatural intervention in people's lives
11 . Find in the list given the features characteristic of folk culture. Write it downnumbers , under which they are indicated.
2) is predominantly commercial in nature
3) does not require special training for its perception
4) appeared earlier than other forms of culture
5) designed for a narrow circle of connoisseurs
12 . Write down the word missing in the table.
FORMS OF WORLD EXPLORATION
FUNCTION OF MORALITYCHARACTERISTIC
...
Provides mutual understanding and communication between people in society
Value-oriented
Forms the ability to independently navigate moral values
Answer:____________________
13 . Find a concept that generalizes all other concepts in the series below, and write downfigure , under which it is indicated.
1) heroic epic; 2) anonymity of works; 3) collectivity of the creative process;
4) folk culture; 5) folklore group.
Answer:________________
14. Below are a number of terms. All of them, with the exception of two, aretrends in the development of modern education.
1) humanitarization; 2) dogmatization; 3) humanization
4) internationalization; 5) informatization; 6) ideologization
Find two terms that “fall out” from the general series and write down the numbers under which they are indicated in the table.
Answer:____________
15. Establish a correspondence between the characteristic features and types of culture: for each position given in the first column, select the corresponding position from the second column.
CHARACTER TRAITSTYPES OF CULTURE
A) anonymity of works
B) focus on the needs of a wide range of consumers
B) commercialization of spiritual activities
D) priority development of entertainment genres
D) complexity of content
1) folk
2) massive
3) elitist
Write down the numbers in your answer, arranging them in the order corresponding to the letters:
16. Read the text below, each position of which is indicated by a specific letter.
Determine which text provisions have
1) factual nature
2) the nature of value judgments
3) the nature of theoretical statements
Write down in the table under the letter indicating the position a number expressing its character.
Answer:
17. Read the text below, in which a number of words are missing. Select from the list provided the words that need to be inserted in place of the gaps.
“The main function of morality is regulatory. Morality acts as a way of regulating __________(A) in society and self-regulation of individual behavior. Moreover, the method is specifically social: it appears when __________(B) can no longer cope with the increasingly complex organization of social life (clan, work, family life, etc.). At the same time, the emerging morality is initially based on at least minimal __________(B) from the natural conditions of existence. Moral regulation makes sense and is needed where there is at least some choice of behavior, an elementary opportunity to prefer one action to another.
Of course, as society developed, it invented many other ways of regulating __________(G): legal, administrative, technical, etc. However, the moral method of regulation continues to remain unique. Firstly, because it does not require any organizational support in the form of various institutions, __________(D), etc. And secondly, because moral regulation is carried out mainly through the assimilation of __________(E) relevant norms and principles of one’s behavior in society.”
The words in the list are given in the nominative case. Each word (phrase) can be used only once.
Select one word after another, mentally filling in each gap with words. Please note that there are more words in the list than you will need to fill in the blanks.
The table below shows the letters representing the missing words. Write down the number of the word you chose in the table under each letter.
Answer:
18. What function of science is illustrated by the desire to test and critically understand all incoming scientific information?
1) social 2) cognitive-explanatory
3) ideological 4) prognostic
19. Having entered the tenth grade, student T. chose several specialized elective courses in various subjects. He is most interested in the social and human sciences, so he will take some additional courses in philosophy, sociology, law, and history. At what level of education is student T.?
1) primary vocational education 2) basic general education
3) complete (secondary) general education 4) secondary vocational education
20. What sciences belong to the field of knowledge, including theoretical and experimental scientific research with the aim of studying the patterns of interaction between nature, society, and thinking?
1) fundamental 2) applied
3) humanitarian 4) technical
Part II .
21. What meaning do social scientists give to the concept of “education”? Using knowledge from a social science course, make two sentences: one sentence containing information about the structure of general education in the Russian Federation, and one sentence revealing any function of education as a social institution.22 . Art is a significant part of spiritual culture for society and its development and influences all spheres of public life. List any three functions performed by art and illustrate each with a specific example.
23. What form of culture can ballet be classified as? Name any three distinctive features of ballet by which you determined this.
Test answers
Note:
This version of the test tasks is compiled in the Unified State Exam format. The test presents those tasks, which may contain questions on this topic.
The answers to tasks 1–20 are a word (phrase) or a sequence of numbers. Write your answers in the answer fields in the text without spaces, commas or other additional characters.
1Write down the word missing in the table.
Characteristics of forms of spiritual culture
Answer:
Correct answer
2In the row below, find a concept that is generalizing for all other concepts presented. Write this word down.
Humanization, computerization, principles of education, internationalization, humanitarization.
Answer:
Correct answer
principles of education
3Below is a list of terms. All of them, with the exception of two,
denote theoretical methods of scientific knowledge.
1) induction; 2) abstraction; 3) analysis;
4) experiment); 5)modeling; 6)observation
Find two terms that “fall out” from the general series and write down the numbers under which they are indicated in the table.
Answer:
Correct answer
4Choose the correct judgments about popular culture and write down the numbers under which they are indicated.
1) is of an entertaining nature;
2) commercial orientation;
3) easy to understand and does not require special preparation;
4) complex in content and form;
5) reflects folk traditions;
Answer:
Correct answer
5Establish a correspondence between the distinctive features of science and education: for each position given in the first column, select the corresponding position from the second column. Write the answer in numbers.
Answer:
Correct answer
6Country Z is undergoing education reform. What facts indicate that the reform is aimed at internationalizing education? Write down the numbers under which they are indicated.
1) training of students from countries cooperating with each other
2)increasing the number of hours in humanitarian subjects
3) focus on the interests and inclinations of the student
4) exchange of teaching experience between teachers from different countries
5)conducting joint pedagogical research
6) computerization of the educational process
Answer:
Correct answer
20Read the text below, in which a number of words are missing. Select from the list provided the words that need to be inserted in place of the gaps.
“_________(A) is everything created by humanity and of value to it. In the ______(B) sphere it is expressed in three forms. The most common _____(B) form is characterized by the fact that it is designed for consumers with different levels of training, it is light and easy to understand. _____(D) is characterized by complexity of forms and content; special training is needed to perceive it. Culture is of great educational importance, since it is based on the best traditions and moral values of the people. The main feature of ______(E) is the level of development of the spiritual sphere of society, culture in the broadest sense of the word.
The words in the list are given in the nominative case. Each word can only be used once.
Choose one word after another, mentally filling in each gap. Please note that there are more words in the list than you will need to fill in the blanks.
List of terms:
1)spiritual
2) civilization
3)culture
4) folk
5) entertaining
6)mass
7)formation
8) social
9) elite
The table below shows the letters representing the missing words. Write down the number of the word you chose in the table under each letter.
A
B
IN
G
D
E
Correct answer
To record answers to tasks in this part (21–29), use ANSWER FORM No. 2. First write down the task number (21, 22, etc.), and then a detailed answer to it. Write down your answers clearly and legibly.
Read the text and complete tasks 21–24.
| Mass culture is a set of cultural phenomena of the twentieth century, characteristic of economics, management, leisure, communication, and especially for the sphere of artistic culture. The intensive development of mass media and the era of electronic information have radically changed both the human environment in industrial and post-industrial society, and man himself. The entire population, regardless of national, class, or age characteristics, becomes familiar with the same information, and culture becomes mass. The characteristic features of mass culture are: - accessibility, simplicity, ease of perception; — sentimentality, dominance of the sensual principle; - primitivization of human relations, playing on the basest feelings and impulses (even biological instincts); - naturalistic relish of sex, violence, cruelty; - cult of a strong personality, cult of success; The world of mass culture has many faces. Its main genres are detective stories, comics, melodramas, musicals, horror films (thrillers) with fights, vampires, murders, erotica, sex, fantasy, pop music, sensational news, essays about witchcraft, fortune telling, miracles, mass entertainment performances - shows etc. Despite its apparent vacuity, mass culture has a very clear ideological program and performs a number of social functions: 1) socialization and adaptation of a person to the conditions of a market economy. 2) relaxation (compensatory), which should ensure the psychological stability of the population in a difficult social situation; 3) dissemination and implementation of “modernization” patterns of behavior, norms, stereotypes; 4) dissemination and popularization of the classical heritage; The fulfillment of its functions by mass culture suggests that this culture cannot be assessed unambiguously negatively. “Mass culture” is a natural consequence of scientific and technological revolution, transforming culture into “planetary”. It not only does not reject the cultural heritage of the past, but makes its best examples by replicating and transferring it to the everyday level into the property of the broad masses. (Based on the book by S.M. Boguslavskaya “The Theory of Culture in Questions and Answers”, Orenburg, 2007) |
What definition of mass culture is given by the author? How is its manifestation in society noted in the text?
Answer:
Correct answer
The text states the following definition of popular culture: “Mass culture is a set of cultural phenomena of the twentieth century, characteristic of economics, management, leisure, communication, and especially for the sphere of artistic culture.”
Manifestation of mass culture in society: “Its main genres are detective stories, comics, melodramas, musicals, horror films (thrillers) with fights, vampires, murders, erotica, sex, fantasy, pop music, sensational news, essays about witchcraft, fortune-telling, miracles, mass spectacular performances - shows, etc.
22Name three characteristic features of mass culture that the author names. Using social science knowledge and facts of social life, name another feature not mentioned in the text.
Answer:
General accessibility, simplicity, ease of perception;
- entertainment, fun;
- the cult of a strong personality, the cult of success.
The text does not mention the following feature of mass culture: it meets the most varied demands and needs of people (of different ages, levels of preparedness, interests). Everyone can find something interesting for themselves in it.
23 What three social functions of mass culture are named in the text? Using facts of social life and personal social experience, give an example of how one of these functions is carried out in practice.Answer:
Correct answer
The text names the following three social functions of mass culture:
1) socialization and adaptation of a person to the conditions of a market economy.
2) dissemination and introduction of “modernization” patterns of behavior, norms, stereotypes;
3) dissemination and popularization of the classical heritage.
The “Culture” TV channel introduces viewers to classical works of all genres of art, holds competitions for the performance of classical works, and broadcasts productions of the best plays and operas. In this way he introduces the audience to the world achievements of the classical heritage.
24 Using the text and social science knowledge, give three explanations for the idea expressed in the text that “ mass culture" is a natural consequence of scientific and technological revolution"Answer:
Correct answer
The text suggests that " mass culture is a natural consequence of scientific and technological revolution.”
Explanation of this thesis:
- Thanks to such a scientific discovery in the 19th century as radio, the intensive development of mass culture began.
- Television was the next step in increasing the role of mass culture in society.
- In a post-industrial society, characterized by informatization, the emergence of new technologies, the Internet, mass culture has become one of the leading ones in the cultural life of society.
The further development of scientific and technological revolution will lead to an even greater influence of mass culture in people's lives.
25What meaning do social scientists put into the concept of “spiritual sphere of society”? Drawing on the knowledge of the social science course, compose two sentences: one sentence containing information about the components of the spiritual sphere, and one sentence revealing the features of one of the components.
Answer:
Correct answer
The spiritual sphere of society is the sphere of people’s relations regarding spiritual values, their creation, distribution and consumption.
Elements of the spiritual sphere of society:
- spiritual needs
- spiritual values
- spiritual activity
- spiritual consumption
Spiritual values are ideas, views, theories, works of culture and much more. For example, the spiritual value of the people of Russia is the work of A.S. Pushkin - his poetry, prose, drama.
26Name and illustrate with examples any three functions of science in society.
Answer:
Correct answer
Three functions of science:
- ideological
- production
- educational
The cognitive function of science is manifested in the fact that people, using scientific methods and techniques, understand the world, society and man. This is how people discover new planets, penetrate into the depths of the ocean, learning the features of underwater life, study the features of the development of the human body, and much more.
27“No matter how long you live, you should study all your life.” (Seneca)
What area of public life is reflected in this statement?
What social institutions fulfill the task of society reflected in the quote?
Using social science knowledge, indicate any three functions of education in modern society.
Answer:
Correct answer
1. Social sphere.
- Social institutions: kindergartens, schools, higher and secondary educational institutions.
3.Functions of education:
- educational
- educational
- socializing
- educational
- ideological
- culturally transmitting
- personnel, etc.
Answer:
Correct answer
Modernization of education in modern Russia
PLAN
1 .The concept of modernization.
- Modernization of education is one of the main directions of the state’s social policy.
- Reasons for the need to modernize education:
- Increasing requirements for the level of education and professional training in the changing conditions of social development.
- Development of the information society, the need to use the achievements of science and technology in the learning process.
3.Ways to modernize education:
- Improving educational programs and education standards
- Improving the quality of teacher training
- Increasing requirements for textbooks and teaching aids
- Computerization and informatization of the learning process.
4. Features of the process of modernization of education in modern Russia.
By completing task 29, you can demonstrate your knowledge and skills on the content that is more attractive to you. To this end, choose only ONE of the statements below (29.1–29.5).
29.1“It’s the reader who should reach the masses, not art.”
(Jerzy Lec, 20th century Polish philosopher and poet)
Answer:
Correct answer
The main idea of the quote.
The author expresses an idea about the main requirement for mass culture - to attract the mass reader to it, to meet the needs of people with different levels of training. By saying that culture should not be “mass”, he meant that it should not adapt to the tastes of the crowd, the masses, but should be highly artistic in order to be necessary, interesting and useful to society.
Terms.
Mass culture, features of mass culture, the spiritual sphere of society, functions of culture, moral principles, types of mass culture (TV series, bestsellers, shows, etc.)
Arguments.
1. A. Tvardovsky’s poem “Vasily Terkin”, its significance for soldiers during the Great Patriotic War (it instilled confidence in victory, helped withstand the most difficult tests, united people).
2. Encyclopedia for children “Avanta +”, volume “Culture”. An article about the features of mass culture, its positive and negative influence. It must be emphasized that mass culture should strive to raise the level of culture of the masses, and not adapt to them.
29.1“No matter how long you live, you should study all your life.”
(Seneca, ancient Roman philosopher)
Answer:
Correct answer
The main idea of the quote.
The quote from the ancient Greek philosopher Seneca contains the idea of the need for continuous education. These words are very relevant in our age, the age of information technology, since only a constant increase in the level of knowledge, the desire to keep up with the times, especially in the area to which a person has devoted his work, will create conditions for complete self-realization of the individual.
Terms.
Culture, spiritual sphere, education, functions of education, levels of education in the Russian Federation, post-industrial society, modernization, innovation.
Arguments.
1. Textbook “Social Studies” edited by A.I. Kravchenko for high school. The paragraph on education not only notes its role in the life of society and lists its functions, but also pays special attention to the need for continuous education in the modern world. A feature of post-industrial society is precisely the need to constantly increase the level of education and knowledge in a particular area (Next you can give an example of any profession, for example, a doctor, to show how important it is to constantly study everything new in this area).
2. Encyclopedia for children “Avanta +”, volume “Technology”. The authors in the articles tell children of middle and high school age about the greatest achievements that have been made by man, emphasizing the idea that it is necessary to be an educated person, prepared for the changing conditions that occur in all spheres of society. And for this you need to constantly study.
29.1“The role of the sciences is service; they constitute a means to achieve the good.”
(D.I. Mendeleev, Russian scientist.)
Answer:
Correct answer
The main idea of the quote.
The quote from the greatest Russian chemist D.I. Mendeleev contains an idea about one of the functions of sciences - their practical orientation. The author notes the “service” role of the sciences, because they are called upon to serve society, to satisfy its needs in all spheres of life
Terms.
Spiritual sphere, culture, applied and fundamental sciences, functions of science.
Arguments.
1. A book about K.E. Tsiolkovsky by M.S. Arlazorov from the series “The Life of Remarkable People.” The author, describing the scientific activities of this prominent scientist, the founder of theoretical cosmonautics, notes that K. Tsiolkovsky always strived to ensure that space exploration would benefit people. The scientist was called a science fiction writer by his contemporaries, so far were his plans. He dreamed of spreading life throughout the Universe. Activities of K.E. Tsiolkovsky is a vivid example of the fact that science should not only discover new, unknown things, but also serve people.
2.M. Bulgakov’s story “Heart of a Dog.” Describing the scientific and practical activities of the scientist Preobrazhensky, the author emphasizes the uselessness of his experiments, noting that there is no need to turn a dog into a person, that this will not be useful to society. Using the example of Sharikov, we see that the professor’s “discovery” only brought harm. To “serve” society, and not engage in useless experiments, is what people of science should do.
Social studies test Culture and spiritual life of society for grade 10 with answers. The test includes two parts. Multiple choice tasks (10 tasks) and short answer tasks (3 tasks).
Multiple Choice Questions
1. A culture that does not express the refined tastes of the aristocracy or the spiritual quest of the people is called
1) elitist
2) spiritual
3) mass
4) material
2. Does not belong to folk culture
1) hit
2) epic
3) legend
4) carnival procession
3. Popular culture includes
1) ditty
2) circus
3) salon music
4) legend
4. Culture created by anonymous creators, often without professional training, is called
1) mass
2) spiritual
3) folk
4) elitist
5. Are the following judgments about the development and preservation of culture true?
A. Each stage of cultural development, as a rule, is characterized by the activities of outstanding individuals.
B. Culture is preserved by being “learned” by ordinary, not outstanding individuals.
1) only A is correct
2) only B is correct
3) both judgments are correct
4) both judgments are incorrect
6. Are the following judgments about the uneven and contradictory development of culture true?
A. The stages of cultural development may not correspond to the stages of development of other spheres of public life or society as a whole.
B. There is unevenness in the development of forms and types of culture.
1) only A is correct
2) only B is correct
3) both judgments are correct
4) both judgments are incorrect
7. Are the following statements about culture true?
A. Culture is biologically inherent in humans.
B. The content of culture is ultimately determined by the material conditions of social life.
1) only A is correct
2) only B is correct
3) both judgments are correct
4) both judgments are incorrect
8. The growth of cities, which caused the migration of a significant mass of peasants and petty bourgeoisie to the cities, led to the fact that the new urban population needed forms of culture accessible to them. The transmission of cultural experience has fundamentally changed - the transfer of knowledge from teacher to student is being replaced by transmission through newspapers, radio, television, etc. The content of information is simplified, since it needs to be translated from a specialized language, understandable to few, into the language of everyday understanding. As a result, a culture was formed
1) material
2) elite
3) folk
4) massive
9. The creator of the film, G., in his work proceeded from the idea of giving the viewer pleasure from recognizing his favorite situations and characters-heroes, making it as easy as possible for him to receive pleasure through showing a “beautiful life”, a “good guy”, and an invariably prosperous, happy ending to the action. What additional information will allow us to conclude that the film directed by G. is an example of mass culture?
1) corresponds to the formula “art for art’s sake”
2) associated with a high level of commercialization
3) aimed at a fairly educated audience
4) characterized by a high intellectual level
10. Traditionally, the abundance of hot seasonings and spices in the food of southerners is a means of delaying its rapid spoilage in a hot climate. Traditional medicine among the Slavs and other peoples in countries with diverse vegetation is characterized by the widespread use of herbal medicine. In Central China, where the flora is not rich, treatment methods using cauterization and injections with sharpened sticks or stones developed, giving rise to modern reflexology. Due to constant earthquakes, the inhabitants of the Japanese islands built small houses with light walls that were better able to withstand natural disasters. What function of culture do these examples illustrate?
1) adaptation to the environment
2) socialization
3) communicative
4) regulation of social life
Short answer questions
1. Below is a list of terms. All of them, with the exception of one, are associated with the concept of “folk culture”.
Tradition, standardization, folklore, anonymous creator, social habit.
Find and write down a term that is not related to the concept of “folk culture”.
2. Establish a correspondence between the components of spiritual life and its types: for each position given in the first column, select the corresponding position from the second column.
Components of Spiritual Life
A) philosophy
B) faith
B) religious organizations
D) knowledge
D) art
Types of spiritual life
1) spiritual life of society
2) spiritual life of the individual
3. Read the text below, in which a number of words are missing. Select from the list provided the words that need to be inserted in place of the gaps.
“Every culture combines traditions and innovations. Traditions are a conservative principle; they provide _______________(A) of the cultural process; without them, _______________(B) would reign in culture. Innovations are also necessary: thanks to them, _______________(B) of culture occurs. However, the relationship between traditions and innovations develops differently. Thus, an innovative culture, unlike a traditional one, is receptive to innovation and is distinguished by _______________ (D). With it, the collectivist principle gives way to _______________(D): a person gains autonomy and freedom. Conditions are created for various forms of _______________(E), the results of which receive social recognition and enter into life.”
The words in the list are given in the nominative case. Each word (phrase) can be used only once. Choose one word after another, mentally filling in each gap. Please note that there are more words in the list than you will need to fill in the blanks.
1) individualism
2) development
3) theory
4) dynamism
5) creativity
6) chaos
7) stability
8) personality
9) custom
Write down the number of the word you chose next to each letter.
Answers to the social studies test Culture and spiritual life of society for grade 10
Multiple Choice Questions
1-3
2-1
3-2
4-3
5-3
6-3
7-2
8-4
9-2
10-1
Short answer questions
1. standardization
2. 12121
3. 762415
Current test. Art. Option #1
1. Are the statements true?
A. the need for some “training” to master standard social roles.
B. the desire to explain natural phenomena from a scientific point of view.
2. Artistic A person’s figurative understanding of reality occurs in
1) science 2) morality 3) art 4) labor process
3. Philosophers considered aesthetic activity as the lowest link in human cognitive activity in the era
1) Middle Ages 2) Modern times 3) Modern times 4) Antiquity
4. The educational component of art becomes especially relevant during the period
1) Renaissance 2) Enlightenment 3) classicism 4) Antiquity
5. Delivering the human soul from base passions through contemplation, according to Aristotle, is
1) nirvana 2) purification 3) exaltation 4) catharsis
6. Are the statements true? Pabout the thoughts of supporters of the theory of self-expression, art is
A. a kind of conscience of society.
B. the limitless sphere of manifestation of the creative potential of the individual.
1) only A is true 2) only B is true 3) both statements are true 4) both statements are false
A) cognitive 1)reflection of cultural, historical, national, religious and
Other features of the era, people
B) informational 2) helps to experience the enduring value of human interaction
Stviya, communication in the broadest sense
B) communicative 3)helps people understand the existing social system
Norms and values
D) value-oriented 4)the ability of art to create a model of reality
| A | B | IN | G |
8. Correlate the types of art and their classification according to F. Schelling.
TYPES OF ART CLASSIFICATION
A) music 1) real
B) painting 2) ideal
B) literature
D) poetry
D) architecture
| A | B | IN | G | D |
9. Specific properties of artistic form and content of a significant group of works of art of any historicalwhich era, people or world as a whole is
1) classification 2) types 3) types 4) genres
10. Indicate the correct statement.The current trend in the development of art is
A. synthesis of various types and genres of art.
B. differentiation and isolation of types and genres of art.
1) only A is true 2) only B is true 3) both statements are true 4) both statements are false
Current test. Art. Option No. 2
1. Are the statements true?A number of scientists associate the origin of art with (o)
A. mythological mastery of reality.
B. the desire to realize oneself as an individual.
1) only A is true 2) only B is true 3) both statements are true 4) both statements are false
2. Identification of significant properties of objects and phenomena in the formspecific sensory-visual images occurs in
1) science 2) art 3) morality 4) law
3. The attitude towards art as an imitation of nature is characteristic of the era
1) Antiquity 2) Middle Ages 3) Renaissance 4) Enlightenment
4. Philosophers view art as a kind of “school of morality” during the period
1) Middle Ages 2) Antiquity 3) Enlightenment 4) Renaissance
5. Which of the ancient philosophers considered art asimitation of a world of sensory objects, each of which is a copy of an idea?
1) Cicero 2) Diogenes 3) Aristotle 4) Plato
6. Indicate the correct statement.The sign-symbolic concept considers art as
A. an autonomous sphere of activity, and also as a way of connecting a person with another, otherworldly world.
B. artistic images that represent a means of expressing human everyday experiences.
1) only A is true 2) only B is true 3) both statements are true 4) both statements are false
7. Correlate the functions of art and their manifestation
FUNCTIONS OF ART MANIFESTATION OF FUNCTIONS
A) educational 1) ability to analyze the state of the surrounding world
B) compensatory 2) the ability to shape human tastes and needs
B) aesthetic 3) formation of personality, feelings and thoughts of people
D) artistic-conceptual 4) restoration in the sphere of spirit of harmony lost
a person in reality
| A | B | IN | G |
8. Match the types of art and their classification
TYPES OF ART CLASSIFICATION
A) photography 1) spatial
B) painting 2) dynamic
B) literature 3) synthetic
D) theater
D) architecture
| A | B | IN | G | D |
9. A portrait, still life, landscape, battle or historical painting is
1) types of painting, 2) genres of painting 3) types of painting 4) classification of painting
10. Indicate the correct statement. According to the Spanish thinker and publicist X. Ortega y Gaset, modern art is developing -
A. along the path of “dehumanization”.
B. along the path of “humanization”.
1) only A is true 2) only B is true 3) both statements are true 4) both statements are false