Dubrovno is a small town (8,000 inhabitants), a regional center in the southeast of the Vitebsk region, not far from the Russian border. It was first mentioned in 1514 as the center of the volost, donated by Grand Duke Alexander Kazimirovich to the Smolensk governor Yuri Gleb O HIV. In the 16th-17th centuries, Dubrovno was one of the border fortresses not far from the border of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth and the Moscow State; here, on the banks of the Dnieper, there was a wooden castle. In the 18th century, after the Northern War, Dubrovno lost its defensive significance, but became a fairly large center of the cloth industry. In the 19th century, the town was part of Orsha and then Goretsky districts of the Mogilev province; it became a city in 1925.
Dubrovno received a coat of arms on January 10, 1997. In a blue walled field with black seams of a Varangian shield, there is a silver gate rounded at the top with closed blue doors, crowned with a golden oak branch with an acorn and two leaves. At the foot of the gate are the same golden oak branches. The gate should symbolize the location of the city on the eastern borders of Belarus. Oak branches - oak rabbis Oak exactly, the composition itself is the noble coat of arms "Dombrova", and the colors are the colors of "Leliva", the coat of arms of the Glebovich family, who founded the city.
Dubrovno became the last destination of the July weekend trip.
1. From Krasny to Dubrovno we drive along the historical highway that connected Smolensk with the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. An abandoned border checkpoint on still Russian territory, Belarus behind me.
2. Above the border on the edge of the hill there is a century-old memorial sign. Inscription: “In 1812, the troops of the French Emperor NAPOLEON (precisely with capslock) crossed the border of Old Russia here on August 2, advancing victoriously towards Moscow, on November 6, retreating after a heavy defeat. Construction of the Krasninsky zemstvo in 1912.
3. The Smolensk region, as in the Liozno region, welcomes all guests of Russia with golden domes. True, still without fake bells.
4. Do you see the bridge below? Below it is the Mereya River, along which the Belarusian-Russian border passes. Our agricultural town with the symbolic name Lyady is visible just across the border. However, one of the last Russian villages, Bukharino, also seems to be heating up.
5. A very modest entrance structure in front of Dubrovno.
6. At the entrance there is a modest-sized sleeping ghetto. Well, it’s not a ghetto, of course, it’s a ghetto.
7. It’s not the only one in the city. On the opposite bank of the Dnieper there are a couple more places of concentrated multi-storey development.
8. Dubrovno, in principle, turned out to be a sprawling city with about 15 thousand inhabitants.
9. We approach the central square, and to begin with there is a large complex of secondary school No. 1 (on the opposite, right, bank of the Dnieper there is a second one). It would not be worth attention if not for the late addition to it.
10. The new school building is decorated with large-scale metal installations on educational and agricultural themes.
11. General view of the central square of Dubrovna.
12. And from another corner.
13. And from the third.
14. Now let's go around its perimeter, starting from the western side. It is occupied by a communications center.
15. Already a rare kiosk.
16. On the north is a complex of retail establishments. Typical department store.
17. And a couple of one-story shops: “Limpopo” and “Cooking”.
18. East side. The administrative building of various district organizations (I suspect that it was the former district committee), the RDK turns yellow in the distance.
19. Cheerful District House of Culture.
20. Next to it, but away from the square, is the new building of Belgosstrakh and a siding church. There is also a historical Trinity Church in the city from 1809, but we did not find it.
21. Near the RDK there is a memorial stone to the hero of the Russian-Turkish war of 1828-29, military sailor Alexander Kazarsky, a local native. In addition to the Russian sailor Kazarsky, the French philosopher Osip Lurie, the Swiss philosopher Anna-Esther Tumarkin and the American violinist Zvi Tseitlin also managed to be born in Dubrovno.
22. Finally, the southern side of the square is occupied by the district executive committee.
23. Opposite the district administration is an unexpectedly monumental Lenin. Even with a podium for receiving parades.
24. General view of Nikandrova Street, along which we arrived in Dubrovno to the central square. Along it we will go west, to the Dnieper.
25. Beyond the square, the street quickly loses its multi-story character and is built up mainly with public buildings of the first post-war decades.
26. Dubrovensky megahotel.
27. Typical tavern.
28. Bank.
29. General store.
30. Bookstore and mini-market a little further.
32. Pharmacy.
33. While you are descending, this view opens up to the opposite bank of the Dnieper. There is a second residential area.
34. Until relatively recently, as far as I understand, the crossing of the Dnieper in Dubrovno was pontoon, but we have already found a new permanent bridge. Pichal. We will cross to the other bank later, until we turn left onto Orshanskaya Street.
35. To the left, right on the banks of the Dnieper, the city stadium. In general, it seems that the city was covered by regional raids some time ago.
36. Bus station. Behind it is a suspicious building.
37. It may well turn out to be pre-revolutionary. Now here is the regional center of hygiene and epidemiology.
38. Well, two steps away is the main local attraction - the residential building of the Bernardine monastery.
39. Bernardine monks appeared in Dubrovno in 1630 at the invitation of the then owner of the town, Nikolai Glebovich, and immediately, without thinking twice, built a wooden monastery complex. This is what he looked like.
40. The monastery was rebuilt in stone in 1809 according to the foundation of Franciszek Xavier Lubomirski, but only the residential building has survived. Where the church went, how it was located and what it looked like, I, alas, don’t know.
41. Although, in principle, there are quite a lot of Dubrovna’s drawings left. Here is a lithograph by the French artist Lauvergne from 1840. You can see two almost identical wooden five-domed churches and something classicist on the left - maybe the Lyubomirsky Palace?
42. Churches are not a French invention. At the end of the 18th century, the Russian artist M. Ivanov also left a series of sketches of Dubrovna, where these temples are present. Dubrovno certainly looked very picturesque, with this solid wooden Dnieper facade and high roofs of the buildings.
43. Returning to the Bernardines. The church has disappeared somewhere, but traces of fairly careful restoration are visible on the residential building. The baroque panels have been restored, the window openings are too large, the roof is made of good tiles, but it feels like these works stopped quite a long time ago.
44. Behind the monastery, Orshanskaya Street crosses the Dubrovenka River, at the confluence of which with the Dnieper the city with the castle was founded, and goes towards, naturally, Orsha.
45. But the attractions of Dubrovno are not limited to the Bernardine monastery and the undiscovered 19th century church. We cross the Dnieper and pass a new residential area.
46. We turn to the flax mill, the main local enterprise, and first pass through its residential village.
48. It’s quite difficult to get here without a map or navigator; a printout from Wikimapia helped us. These are the remains of a cloth factory that first started operating in the then small town at the very end of the 18th century. By the way, a little earlier, in 1781, the first watch factory in the empire appeared in Dubrovno.
49. In 1901, on the basis of an old cloth enterprise, a large “Dnieper Manufactory” was founded here with the same production specialization. We, apparently, can now see the remains of its buildings.
50. Particularly interesting is this building, more like a miniature temple. What was here before and what caused this shape of the building?
51. Finally pleasantly impressed, we went to Orsha.
52. In order to disperse to their capitals.
In previous episodes:
Vitebsk region:
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Here is a map of Dubrovno with streets. It is part of the Vitebsk region of Belarus. We look at a detailed map of Dubrovno with house numbers and streets. Real time search.
More details about the streets of Dubrovno on the map
A detailed map of the city of Dubrovno in good quality shows all objects in the region, including st. Vokzalnaya and Oktyabrskaya. The city is located near.
For a detailed examination of the territory of the entire Dubrovensky district, it is enough to change the scale of the online diagram +/-. Here is an interactive map of the city of Dubrovno and the region, move its center to find the streets - Sadovaya and Vitebskaya.
You will find all the necessary detailed information about the location of urban infrastructure in the city - shops and houses, squares and roads. City st. Dubrovno - Pravoberezhnaya and Komsomolskaya, Orshanskaya and Pochtovaya are also in sight.
Nearby are the following settlements: Orsha, Vitebsk, Smolensk, Mogilev.
A satellite map of Dubrovno with Google search is waiting for you in its section. You can use Yandex search to find the required house number on the map of the city and Vitebsk region of Belarus in real time. Previously, it was also defined on . St. Nikandrova and Shklovskaya will help you navigate the territory.
Coordinates - 54.5731,30.6883
City of Dubrovno, Dubrovensky district, Vitebsk region. Dubrovno belonged to the Sapiehas until 1772. And after the first partition of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, when the village became part of the Russian Empire, Catherine II gave it to her favorite, Count Potemkin. When Potemkin, having arrived here, saw what good, hardworking people lived here, he decided to found several manufactories in Dubrovno.
One of the first was a cloth factory. The building, which has survived to this day, also belonged to a cloth factory, but was built a little later - in 1809.
Prince Xavier Lubomirsky lived here with his daughter Clementina, whom he loved and spoiled very much. And then one day he was called to St. Petersburg on some business. Lyubomirsky called his manager and said that he was leaving, and his daughter Clementine remained the owner. And so that the manager obeys her in everything and does everything she orders.
As soon as her father crossed the threshold, Clementine sent messengers to her friends. And a lot of people gathered here in the palace. And among them there was one poor, but very handsome nobleman. His name was Peter Kroer. Our fellow countryman Adam Kirkor in his book “Picturesque Russia” describes this incident as follows: “At the evening, the young people met and danced until the morning, and after that they decided the matter.”
A day later, Peter Kroer secretly came here - everything was already prepared - and two monks married Kroer and Clementine. And then Clementine called the manager and ordered him to give her all the money he had. He, not suspecting anything, gave her the money, and Clementine and Peter went on their honeymoon. In general, they disappeared in an unknown direction.
When Lyubomirsky returned to Dubrovno and was told about all this, he, as they say, did not say a word, silently ate dinner and went to bed. And at night in Dubrovno the Bernardine monastery caught fire and burned down along with all its property. Only the church was saved. And in the morning in the Dnieper they caught two drowned people, who were identified as two monks who married the newlyweds. The remaining Bernardines fled to the surrounding monasteries.
People began to say that all this was done on the orders of Xavier Lubomirsky. This rumor reached all the way to the Russian Tsar Paul I. A judicial commission was appointed, headed by General Pasek. When they arrived here, Lyubomirsky greeted them very warmly, and after dinner he invited Pasek to play cards for money. They say that the investigation lasted for about a week, and all this time Pasek played cards with Lyubomirsky and won a lot of money. And having arrived in St. Petersburg, he reported to Paul I that the wooden monastery burned down due to careless handling of fire, and the monks drowned in the Dnieper because they were fishing in a boat at night. And everything is God’s will. But there was no crime there.
Then, in order to somehow make amends for the Bernardines, Lyubomirsky, on the site of the burnt wooden monastery, begins the construction of a new one - a stone one, in a transitional style from Baroque to Classicism.
“When enlarged, there is a very strong physical load”: the author of the sculpture of Vseslav the Magician in Polotsk showed its model
News of Belarus. The history of some Belarusian sculptures was discussed in the program.
Alexander Prokhorov, sculptor:
This is already a model of the monument, it is made to scale. And now it is mechanically - there are special rulers - it is transferred, enlarged, and a large monument is made. When increasing, of course, there is a very strong physical load.
Because you work on scaffolding, 4-6 meters high.
Of course, you need to control what you portray. To do this, you need to go down, step away, and look from a distance.
Viewed from the viewer's horizon level.
That is, take, as it were, the position of a spectator in order to avoid any mistakes.
Get in again and fix it.
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: 54°34′00″ n. w. 30°41′00″ E. d. / 54.56667° N. w. 30.68333° E. d. / 54.56667; 30.68333(G) (I)
(Russian) (English)
Story
XIV-XVIII centuries
During the Great Patriotic War
The area was occupied by the Nazi invaders on July 17-20, 1941. The territory of the district was part of the zone of action of the partisan brigade of Konstantin Zaslonov, the partisan detachment "Grozny", the special forces "Avenger" and "Falcon", underground organizations operated in the village of Osintorf and the village of Novaya Tukhin, groups in the city of Dubrovno and at the Osinovka station. The Dubrovensky district party committee and the Dubrovensky district Komsomol committee operated under partisan formations.
From October 1943 to June 1944, the front line passed through the region. The area was completely liberated on June 26, 1944 by troops of the 31st and 11th Guards Army of the 3rd Belorussian Front during the Vitebsk-Orsha operation.
Economy
OJSC “Dubrovensky Flax Plant” and the production workshop “Dubrovensky” of the Orsha Dairy Plant operate in Dubrovno.
Transport
The republican highway passes through the city P22 (Orsha - Buda (to M1 ). 8 km north - motorway M1 E 30 .
Notable natives
- Vasily Koren (c. 1640 - early 18th century) - one of the first Russian wood engravers, creator of the first engraved illustrated Bible in Russia
- Kazarsky, Alexander Ivanovich (1797–1833) - hero of the Russian-Turkish War -1829, captain of the 1st rank
- Polyakov, Yakov Solomonovich (1832–1909) - Russian financier
- Usyshkin, Menachem (מנחם אוסישקין) (1863-1941) - famous figure in the Zionist movement.
- Lurie, Osip Davidovich (1868–1955) - French philosopher and literary critic
- Tumarkina, Anna-Esther (Anna Pavlovna) (1875–1951) - Swiss philosopher, Europe's first woman professor of philosophy
- Jaffe, Charles (1879–1941) - American chess player.
- Bykhovsky, Abram Isaevich (1895–1972) - Hero of Socialist Labor, famous figure in the military-industrial complex during the Second World War
- Gutentog, Boris Naumovich (b. 06/21/1902) - Soviet artist
- Karpay, Sofya Efimovna (1903-1955) - Soviet cardiologist.
- Gusinsky, Solomon Izrailevich (1904-1973) - Soviet economic figure.
- Petersburgsky, Alexander Vasilyevich (1904 - 1991) - professor, agrochemist, doctor of agricultural sciences.
- Axelrod, Nathan (1905–1987) - Israeli film director
- Gildenblat, Yakov Davidovich (1907-1973) - Soviet scientist in the field of hydraulics.
- Shur, Yakov Savelievich (1908–1986) - Soviet physicist
- Lipsky, Yuri Naumovich (1909–1978) - Soviet astronomer
- Belenky, Moisei Solomonovich (1910–1996) - Soviet writer. critic
- Dymshits, Yakov Mikhailovich (1913-1988) - Soviet physicist.
- Libinzon, Zinovy Efimovich (b. 1918) - Soviet literary critic
- Kogan, Vladimir Lvovich (1920-1995) - Soviet boxing trainer.
- Tseitlin, Zvi (1923–2012) - American violinist
- Gubman, Lev Borisovich (1926) - head of the department of anatomy and physiology of Tver State University. Father B.L. Gubman
Attractions
- Bernardine monastery (1630), including residential building (1809)
- Trinity Church (1809)
Gallery
Dubroŭna Klaštar.JPG
City view
Dubroŭna Sv. Troickaja carkva.JPG
Trinity Church
Dubroŭna Klaštar Biernardynaŭ.JPG
Bernardine monastery
Dubroŭna.Manufaktura.JPG
Cloth-tales manufactory
Dubroŭna Sv. Mikalaja.JPG
Church of St. Nicholas
Dubroŭna Kazarski 1.JPG
Monument to Kazarsky
Dubroŭna Kazarski 2.JPG
Monument to Kazarsky
Dubroŭna Vajskovy Memaryjal.JPG
War Memorial
Road bridge 3271013.jpeg
Bridge over the Dnieper
Twin Cities
see also
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Notes
Literature
Dudarenko M. L., Perechnev Yu. G., Eliseev V. T. et al. Liberation of cities: A guide to the liberation of cities during the Great Patriotic War 1941-1945. - M.: Military Publishing House, 1985. - 598 p. - 50,000 copies.
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An excerpt characterizing Dubrovno
The officer felt that by entering at this moment with an important order, he was doubly guilty, and he wanted to wait; but one of the generals saw him and, having learned what he was for, told Ermolov. Ermolov, with a frowning face, went out to the officer and, after listening, took the paper from him without telling him anything.- Do you think he left by accident? - a staff comrade said to a cavalry officer about Ermolov that evening. - These are things, it’s all on purpose. Give Konovnitsyn a ride. Look, what a mess it will be tomorrow!
The next day, early in the morning, the decrepit Kutuzov got up, prayed to God, got dressed, and with the unpleasant consciousness that he had to lead a battle that he did not approve of, got into a carriage and drove out of Letashevka, five miles behind Tarutin, to the place where the advancing columns were to be assembled. Kutuzov rode, falling asleep and waking up and listening to see if there were any shots on the right, if things were starting? But everything was still quiet. The dawn of a damp and cloudy autumn day was just beginning. Approaching Tarutin, Kutuzov noticed cavalrymen leading their horses to water across the road along which the carriage was traveling. Kutuzov took a closer look at them, stopped the carriage and asked which regiment? The cavalrymen were from the column that should have been far ahead in ambush. “It might be a mistake,” thought the old commander-in-chief. But, having driven even further, Kutuzov saw infantry regiments, guns in their trestles, soldiers with porridge and firewood, in their underpants. An officer was called. The officer reported that there was no order to move.
“How could you not...” Kutuzov began, but immediately fell silent and ordered the senior officer to be called to him. Having got out of the carriage, with his head down and breathing heavily, silently waiting, he walked back and forth. When the requested General Staff officer Eichen appeared, Kutuzov turned purple, not because this officer was guilty of a mistake, but because he was a worthy subject for expressing anger. And, shaking, gasping for breath, the old man, having entered into that state of rage into which he was able to enter when he was rolling on the ground in anger, he attacked Eichen, threatening with his hands, shouting and swearing in vulgar words. Another person who turned up, Captain Brozin, who was innocent of anything, suffered the same fate.
- What kind of rascal is this? Shoot the scoundrels! – he shouted hoarsely, waving his arms and staggering. He was in physical pain. He, the commander-in-chief, the most illustrious, whom everyone assures that no one has ever had such power in Russia as he does, he is put in this position - ridiculed in front of the entire army. “It was in vain that I bothered so much to pray about this day, in vain I did not sleep at night and thought about everything! - he thought about himself. “When I was an officer as a boy, no one would have dared to make fun of me like that... But now!” He experienced physical suffering, as from corporal punishment, and could not help but express it with angry and painful cries; but soon his strength weakened, and he, looking around, feeling that he had said a lot of bad things, got into the carriage and silently drove back.
The anger that had poured out no longer returned, and Kutuzov, blinking his eyes weakly, listened to excuses and words of defense (Ermolov himself did not appear to him until the next day) and the insistence of Bennigsen, Konovnitsyn and Tol to make the same failed movement the next day. And Kutuzov had to agree again.
The next day, the troops gathered in the appointed places in the evening and set out at night. It was an autumn night with black-purple clouds, but no rain. The ground was wet, but there was no mud, and the troops marched without noise, only the occasional clink of artillery could be faintly heard. They forbade talking loudly, smoking pipes, lighting fires; the horses were kept from neighing. The mystery of the enterprise increased its appeal. People walked cheerfully. Some of the columns stopped, put their guns in their trestles and lay down on the cold ground, believing that they had come to the right place; some (most) columns walked all night and, obviously, went to the wrong place.
Count Orlov Denisov with the Cossacks (the most insignificant detachment of all the others) alone ended up in their place and at their time. This detachment stopped at the extreme edge of the forest, on the path from the village of Stromilova to Dmitrovskoye.
Before dawn, Count Orlov, who had dozed off, was awakened. They brought a defector from the French camp. This was a Polish non-commissioned officer of Poniatowski's corps. This non-commissioned officer explained in Polish that he had defected because he had been wronged in his service, that he should have been an officer long ago, that he was braver than everyone else and therefore abandoned them and wanted to punish them. He said that Murat was spending the night a mile away from them and that if they gave him a hundred men as an escort, he would take him alive. Count Orlov Denisov consulted with his comrades. The offer was too flattering to refuse. Everyone volunteered to go, everyone advised me to try. After many disputes and considerations, Major General Grekov with two Cossack regiments decided to go with a non-commissioned officer.
“Well, remember,” Count Orlov Denisov said to the non-commissioned officer, releasing him, “if you lied, I’ll have you hanged like a dog, but the truth is a hundred ducats.”
The non-commissioned officer with a decisive look did not answer these words, sat on horseback and rode off with Grekov, who had quickly gathered. They disappeared into the forest. Count Orlov, shaking from the freshness of the morning that was beginning to break, excited by what he had started on his own responsibility, having seen Grekov off, came out of the forest and began to look around the enemy camp, which was now visible deceptively in the light of the beginning of the morning and the dying fires. To the right of Count Orlov Denisov, along the open slope, our columns should have appeared. Count Orlov looked there; but despite the fact that they would have been noticeable from afar, these columns were not visible. In the French camp, as it seemed to Count Orlov Denisov, and especially according to his very vigilant adjutant, they began to stir.
“Oh, really, it’s late,” said Count Orlov, looking at the camp. Suddenly, as often happens, after the person we trust is no longer in front of his eyes, it suddenly became completely clear and obvious to him that the non-commissioned officer is a deceiver, that he lied and will only ruin the whole attack by the absence of these two regiments, whom he will lead God knows where. Is it possible to snatch the commander-in-chief from such a mass of troops?
“Really, he’s lying, this scoundrel,” said the count.
“We can turn it back,” said one of the retinue, who, like Count Orlov Denisov, felt distrust of the enterprise when he looked at the camp.
- A? Right?..what do you think, or leave it? Or not?
-Would you like to turn it back?
- Turn back, turn back! - Count Orlov suddenly said decisively, looking at his watch, “it will be late, it’s quite light.”
And the adjutant galloped through the forest after Grekov. When Grekov returned, Count Orlov Denisov, excited by this canceled attempt, and by the vain wait for the infantry columns, which still did not show up, and by the proximity of the enemy (all the people of his detachment felt the same), decided to attack.
He commanded in a whisper: “Sit down!” They distributed themselves, crossed themselves...
- With God blessing!
“Hurray!” - there was a rustle through the forest, and, one hundred after another, as if pouring out of a bag, the Cossacks flew cheerfully with their darts at the ready, across the stream to the camp.
One desperate, frightened cry from the first Frenchman who saw the Cossacks - and everyone in the camp, unclothed and sleepy, abandoned their cannons, rifles, horses and ran anywhere.
If the Cossacks had pursued the French, not paying attention to what was behind and around them, they would have taken Murat and everything that was there. The bosses wanted this. But it was impossible to move the Cossacks from their place when they got to the booty and prisoners. Nobody listened to the commands. One thousand five hundred prisoners, thirty-eight guns, banners and, most importantly for the Cossacks, horses, saddles, blankets and various items were immediately taken. All this had to be dealt with, the prisoners and guns had to be seized, the booty had to be divided, shouting, even fighting among themselves: the Cossacks did all this.
The French, no longer being pursued, began to gradually come to their senses, gathered in teams and began to shoot. Orlov Denisov expected all the columns and did not advance further.
Meanwhile, according to the disposition: “die erste Colonne marschiert” [the first column is coming (German)], etc., the infantry troops of the late columns, commanded by Bennigsen and controlled by Toll, set out as they should and, as always happens, arrived somewhere , but not where they were assigned. As always happens, people who had gone out cheerfully began to stop; Displeasure was heard, a sense of confusion was heard, and we moved somewhere back. The adjutants and generals who rode by shouted, got angry, quarreled, said that they were completely in the wrong place and were late, scolded someone, etc., and finally, everyone gave up and went off only to go somewhere else. “We’ll come somewhere!” And indeed, they came, but not to the right place, and some went there, but were so late that they came without any benefit, only to be shot at. Toll, who in this battle played the role of Weyrother at Austerlitz, diligently galloped from place to place and everywhere found everything topsy-turvy. So he galloped towards Baggovut’s corps in the forest, when it was already quite daylight, and this corps should have been there long ago, with Orlov Denisov. Excited, upset by the failure and believing that someone was to blame for this, Tol galloped up to the corps commander and sternly began to reproach him, saying that he should be shot for this. Baggovut, an old, militant, calm general, also exhausted by all the stops, confusions, contradictions, to the surprise of everyone, completely contrary to his character, flew into a rage and said unpleasant things to Tolya.
At the very Belarusian-Russian border on the banks of the mighty Slavic Dnieper River scenic Dubrovno city.
Nature has gifted this marvelous corner in the southeast Vitebsk region unique and inimitable beauty. It delights residents and guests of the Dubroven region with lush greenery, majestic views, rich landscapes, the royal curves of the Dnieper and the hidden beauty of the Zadubrovenka, Mereya, Rossasenka, Afanasyevskoye and Kazenny lakes and numerous ponds and streams.
The local land is a real treasury of the Belarusian land. There are nature reserves and natural monuments of local importance in the area.
The Dubrovno land, like a languid beauty, gracefully settled in the square 1.3 thousand square kilometers simultaneously on the Smolensk and Orsha uplands, capturing the Luchos lowland. This beautiful lady knows her worth; she has no need to stand out from others. That is why its highest point in the southwest of the village of Lyakhovka is only 226.4 meters.
IN Dubrovno everything is imbued with peace and tranquility. This will confirm to you population of the city and Dubrovensky district- each of the 15,327 residents of the district - 7,485 townspeople and 7,842 villagers.
Rich in events history of Dubrovno and Dubrovensky district.
And it begins at the site of an ancient man of the Mesolithic era around Chizhovka village. Scientists attribute this historical monument to the Grensk culture, whose representatives came to our region about 11 thousand years ago.
No less interesting are the archaeological finds from the Iron Age period (7th century BC - 5th century AD) at the settlements near villages of Karabanovichi and Vezhki.
But the first written mention of the “empty land of Dubroven” appears only in 1393. And only in 1514 chronicles tell about Dubrovno as a city.
Journalists of the newspaper “Dnyaproўskaya Praўda” actively participated in the celebration and, like ancient chroniclers, illuminated this great event in the modern history of Dubrovno.
But let's return to the events of the past days.
The fate of the Dubroven region is inextricably linked with the life of the great states that, in different centuries, ruled a magnificent historical ball on the territory of modern Belarus.
So in the 2nd half of the 14th century the Dubrovno lands became part of Grand Duchy of Lithuania. During this era, Dubrovno came into the possession of the family gentlemen Glebovich. Noble gentlemen decided to emphasize the special status of the new lands and built a castle here, which for decades became an important cultural, commercial and political center of the Dubrovno land.
The Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth also left its traces in the Dubrovno region.
But Dubrovno played a key role in the development and rise of Russian states O.
In the 1780s, the Dubroven lands were bought by the prince Grigory Potemkin. Thanks to his efforts, one of the first in Russia watch and gimp factories, whose masters were destined to glorify the Dubroven region throughout the Russian Empire.
By the way, about watches of ancient domestic production. The chroniclers of the newspaper “Dnyaproўskaya Praўda” preserved this topic in their materials for future generations:
How watchmakers surprised the world is understandable even to a child. But what is this strange word? "gimmicky"? It turns out that braid (also called braid) is gold, silver or tinsel (copper, tin) braid; gold-woven ribbon, bandage, lining, trim. So it turns out that Dubroven craftsmen decorated the young ladies of the entire great empire.
Yes, beauty is a powerful force. It was not for nothing that the Dneprovskaya Manufactory factory was opened in Dubrovno in 1901, which was destined to survive even the revolution of 1917 and become a well-known enterprise in the Soviet country.
Thus, the Dubroven region met the beginning of the 20th century in all its splendor and glory. By the way, the journalists of “Dnyaprovskaya Pravda” were lucky enough to find out what was interesting in Dubrovno in those years.
But, alas, measured life Dubrovensky district didn't last long. Fires broke out across Europe Second World War. And soon volleys of enemy guns were heard at the Soviet borders. Started The Great Patriotic War.
All its horror fell on the Dubroven region in July 1941. But its inhabitants did not flinch in the face of terrible misfortune and embarked on a long, bloody path full of pain and tears of struggle against the Nazi invaders.
The Dubrovensky district was defended by partisans from the brigade of Konstantin Zaslonov, the “Grozny”, “Avenger” and “Falcon” detachments, members of the underground organizations of the village of Osintorf and the village of Novaya Tukhin, groups of the city of Dubrovno and the Osinovka station.
And the enemy was raging. He did not spare either the child or the old man. Hundreds of people were killed by the Nazis in Dubrovno ghetto.
From October 1943 to June 1944, the Dubroven region did not know a moment of peace. The destinies of thousands of its inhabitants were cut off “BEFORE” and “AFTER THE WAR” by the front line that passed here.
More than 38 thousand Soviet soldiers and officers found their last refuge in 30 military graves of the Dubroven region, and more than 5 thousand fellow countrymen never returned to their native land. The losses of those terrible years among civilians - victims of fascist genocide - are 3,470 people.
But only June 26, 1944 During the Vitebsk-Orsha operation, the Dubrovensky region was liberated by troops of the 31st and 11th Guards Army of the 3rd Belorussian Front.
Today its residents are celebrating!
But the memory of the feat of the heroes of the Great Patriotic War knows no time, it is immortal. And behind every name in one of the most monumental memorial complexes in the Vitebsk region “Rylenki” costs forever. Here in the Dubrovensky district - at the site of the mass grave of 10 thousand Soviet soldiers - the flowers of victory will always burn in the hands of grateful descendants.
And even though the era of restoration of the war-torn land was not easy. But she was left behind. Over these decades, the area has come a difficult way. But now we see a cozy city, hospitable villages, strong agriculture, and decent industry. Our grain growers are reaching thousands of milestones, and Dubrovensky flax plant has been listed among the republican leaders in its industry for decades.
The Dubrovno land is rich and talents. These are wood engravers Vasily Koren and Gerasim Akulov, hero of the Russian-Turkish war Alexander Kazarsky, financier Yakov Polyakov, philosopher Osip Lurie, the first woman in Europe - professor of philosophy Anna-Esther Tumarkina, astronomer Yuri Lipsky, violinist Tsvi Tseitlin, Decembrist Peter Falenberg, writers Sergei Rakita and Nikolai Gorulev, playwright Alexei Dudarev, artists Sergei Zaryanko and Nikolai Opiok and many others.
And it’s easy to take a virtual walk among the attractions of Dubrovno, which include the residential building of the Bernardine Monastery (1809) and the Holy Trinity Church (1809), using the website section -
The main idea of the coat of arms symbolizes the location of Dubrovno as the eastern gate of Belarus. In addition, the coat of arms displays the name of the city in the form of three golden acorns with oak leaves, associated with the word “oak forest”.
The coat of arms also echoes the ancient gentry coat of arms "Dambrova", resembling a horseshoe with crosses at the top and sides.
The three colors used in the coat of arms - blue, gold and silver - correspond to the colors of the coat of arms of the "Lyalik" gentlemen of Glebovich - the owners of the Dubrovno estate in the 16th-17th centuries.