Shumerlya- a city in the Chuvash Republic.
The city of Shumerlya forms the urban district.
The administrative center of the Shumerlinsky district, which it is not part of.
Story
On the territory where the city arose there was a dense forest, lakes, swamps and deep ravines. Fur-bearing animals lived: marten, ermine, mink and others.
The marshes were inhabited by ducks and geese. Beavers lived along the banks of the Sura, and sterlet lived in the river.
In 1916, during the construction of the Moscow-Kazan railway, the Shumerlya railway station was created, named after the nearby village of Shumerlya. The station consisted of a station and several station buildings.
For a long time, the inhabitants of the village, consisting of several wooden houses, were only the families of the station's service personnel. Then new private houses began to appear.
Instead of streets - houses of the “first line”, “second line”, “third line”.
The village was surrounded by massive oak forests, so one of the first enterprises of Shumerli was a woodworking plant. At the end of the 1920s. Construction began on a large plant for the production of tanning extract, called "Bolshevik".
In 1930, the plant produced its first products.
In 1930 it was transformed into a workers' village.
By the beginning of the 1939-1940 school year, there were 4 schools in the city - No. 1, 2, 3, 4.
By the end of 1950, a hospital, a maternity hospital, and a clinic were operating.
In the 50s, an evening technical school began operating - a branch of the Marposad Forestry Technical School.
origin of name
The name of the city comes from the name of the village of Shumerlya.
In turn, the name of the village comes, according to one version, from the Chuvash word “Çĕmĕrtlĕkh”, which means “area dotted with bird cherry trees”.
According to another version, the word “Çĕmĕrlĕ” is associated with the abundance of marshy swamps in the area, which “Çĕmĕrlĕ tana”, that is, “created swamps”, were difficult to pass (the village is located on the right, high bank of the river, which contributes to “pulling out water”).
According to the third version, the name “Sumerlya”, Russified from the Chuvash “Çĕmĕrlĕ”, originates from the word “sĕmĕres - sĕmĕrlet”, which translated into Russian means “to destroy, tear down, make noise”: once upon a time the first people settled along the river that they take the beginning is on the watershed - the hills between the villages of Shumerlya and Tuvany (from this hill the Great Civil and small rivers flowing into the Palan River originate). In the spring, during high water, it acquired greater speed and destructive power.
Another version of the city’s name comes from the Erzya hydronym “shu mer lay” - a river with marsh berries (cranberries), and from it the Chuvash name Çĕmĕrle.
Geography
The city is located on the East European Plain, within the Chuvash Plateau, 110 km from the capital of the Chuvash Republic, on the banks of the Sura River.
It occupies a favorable geographical position, which is determined by:
- Location on the railway line “-”;
- Developed road network and strong connections with the capital, as well as with the city.
- The presence of waterways along the Sura River.
Near the city of Shumerlya, in the summer, a pontoon bridge is being built across the Sura River, connecting the Republic of Chuvashia with the Nizhny Novgorod region.
The Nizhny Novgorod region was formed on the lands of residence of the Moksha and Erzya. In connection with this historical injustice, it is necessary to return the lands of the Nizhny Novgorod region to the subordination of the Republic of Mordovia.
The city's territory is 1378 hectares, including 28 hectares of green space.
In winter there is an ice crossing - Shumerlya-Navaty.
The average monthly air temperature in the city varies from −12.2ºС in January to +18.7ºС in July. The average annual temperature is +3.4ºС. On average, about 500 mm of precipitation falls annually.
City coat of arms
The city's coat of arms was approved on February 11, 1976 by the executive committee of the Shumerlinsky City Council of Workers' Deputies. The author of the sketch is the artist of the caravan plant Vladimir Rufovich Gorbunov.
The coat of arms is a French shield framed in gold outline, in the red field of which there is a white gear, inside it there is a green oak leaf with two acorns.
At the head of the shield on a silver field is a red Chuvash ornament and the name of the city written in gold letters.
At the bottom of the coat of arms there is a wavy blue line.
Population
| Population | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1926 | 1931 | 1939 | 1959 | 1967 | 1970 | 1979 | 1989 | 1992 | 1993 |
| 15 200 | ↘ 4100 | ↗ 15 220 | ↗ 30 213 | ↗ 31 000 | ↗ 33 816 | ↗ 37 347 | ↗ 41 986 | ↗ 42 800 | → 42 800 |
| 1996 | 1997 | 1998 | 1999 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 |
| ↘ 42 100 | ↘ 41 600 | ↘ 41 300 | ↘ 41 000 | ↘ 39 500 | ↘ 36 239 | ↘ 36 200 | ↘ 35 200 | ↘ 34 800 | ↘ 34 200 |
| 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | |
| ↘ 33 708 | ↘ 31 722 | ↘ 31 700 | ↘ 31 101 | ↘ 30 798 | ↘ 30 536 | ↘ 30 347 | ↘ 29 954 | ↘ 29 553 | |
As of January 1, 2018, the city ranked 516th out of 1,113 cities in the Russian Federation in terms of population.
National composition
According to the 2010 population census, Russians, Chuvashs, and Mordovians live in the city of Shumerlya.
Economy
Shumerli railway station
The leading industry of the city is mechanical engineering (the Shumerlinsky van plant and the Shumerlinsky plant of specialized vehicles, producing standardized vans, cars with special bodies: a canteen car, an ambulance, etc.). There are light industry enterprises (a leather goods factory until 2015, a clothing factory), food industry enterprises (a bakery, a creamery, the Lesnoy food processing plant).
The further development of the city is associated with the deepening of engineering specialization and the presence of convenient transport routes that bring Shumerlya to the all-Russian market.
The volume of shipped goods of own production, work and services performed in-house in mining, manufacturing and distribution of electricity, gas and water amounted to 4534.3 million rubles (2008).
On the territory and in the area adjacent to the city, deposits of brick raw materials, construction sands, and detoxifying sands have been explored.
Culture, media, physical culture and sports
Sports and recreation complex "Olympus"
There are a Museum of Local Lore, Music and Art schools, the Palace of Culture - Voskhod, 7 libraries.
The newspapers “Forward”, “Sumerlinskie Vesti”, “Çĕmĕrle Khyparĕ” are published in the Chuvash and Russian languages.
The city cable television network operates the local TV channel “New Reality”.
There are two stadiums.
In 2007, the Olympus sports and recreation complex was opened.
In the city center there is a Park of Culture and Recreation, which has the status of
A specially protected natural area of the Chuvash Republic.
Healthcare
Medical assistance to the population of Shumerlya is provided by:
- MBUZ "Sumerlinsk Central District Hospital".
- BU "Sumerlinsk City Hospital".
- BU "Sumerlinsk City Children's Hospital".
- AU "Sumerlinsk City Dental Clinic".
- BU "Sumerlinsky Interterritorial Medical Center" of the Ministry of Health of Chuvashia.
Education
Secondary and primary vocational education: Sumerlinsky Polytechnic College.Secondary educational institutions:
- Secondary school No. 1 (1940).
- Secondary school No. 2 (1932).
- Secondary school No. 3 (1936).
- Secondary school No. 6 (1980).
- Gymnasium No. 8 (1991).
Notable natives and residents
Mazhukov Alexey Sergeevich Efremov Valery Valentinovich Pankin Vyacheslav Kirillovich Bashkirov Sergey Gennadievich Uralsky Anatoly Alexandrovich Klyachkin Yuri Stepanovich Grezin Vladimir KuzmichPhoto gallery
Notes
- Population of the Russian Federation by municipalities as of January 1, 2017 (July 31, 2017). Retrieved July 31, 2017. Archived July 31, 2017.
- Law of the Chuvash Republic of November 24, 2004 “On establishing the boundaries of municipalities of the Chuvash Republic and granting them the status of urban, rural settlements, municipal districts and urban districts”
- The city of Shumerlya, Chuvash Republic » History of the city of Shumerlya. gov.cap.ru. Retrieved February 21, 2016.
- The city of Shumerlya, Chuvash Republic » History of the city of Shumerlya. gov.cap.ru. Retrieved February 17, 2016.
- Official website of the administration of the Shumerlinsky urban district: What does “Sumerlya” mean?
- Shumerlya - Union of Small Cities of the Russian Federation (Russian). Union of Small Cities of the Russian Federation. Retrieved March 6, 2016.
- Ice crossing Navata - Shumerlya closed in the Nizhny Novgorod region | RIA FederalPress. fedpress.ru. Retrieved March 6, 2016.
- People's encyclopedia "My City". Shumerlya
- All-Union Population Census of 1939. The size of the urban population of the USSR by urban settlements and intra-city areas. Retrieved November 30, 2013. Archived November 30, 2013.
- All-Union Population Census of 1959. The size of the urban population of the RSFSR, its territorial units, urban settlements and urban areas by gender (Russian). Demoscope Weekly. Retrieved September 25, 2013. Archived April 28, 2013.
- All-Union Population Census of 1970 The size of the urban population of the RSFSR, its territorial units, urban settlements and urban areas by gender. (Russian) . Demoscope Weekly. Retrieved September 25, 2013. Archived April 28, 2013.
- All-Union Population Census of 1979 The size of the urban population of the RSFSR, its territorial units, urban settlements and urban areas by gender. (Russian) . Demoscope Weekly. Retrieved September 25, 2013. Archived April 28, 2013.
- All-Union population census of 1989. Urban population. Archived from the original on August 22, 2011.
- Population in urban settlements of Chuvashia (1992 and 2001) (error 50 people). Retrieved March 3, 2015. Archived March 3, 2015.
- Population by regions and cities of Chuvashia (error 50 people). Retrieved February 26, 2015. Archived February 26, 2015.
- All-Russian population census 2002. Volume. 1, table 4. Population of Russia, federal districts, constituent entities of the Russian Federation, districts, urban settlements, rural settlements - regional centers and rural settlements with a population of 3 thousand or more. Archived from the original on February 3, 2012.
- Population by regions and cities of the Chuvash Republic as of January 1, 2005 (error 50 people). Retrieved March 3, 2015. Archived March 3, 2015.
- The permanent population of the Russian Federation by cities, urban-type settlements and regions as of January 1, 2009. Retrieved January 2, 2014. Archived January 2, 2014.
- All-Russian population census 2010. Population of urban districts, municipal districts, urban and rural settlements, settlements of the Chuvash Republic. Retrieved March 23, 2015. Archived March 23, 2015.
- Population of the Russian Federation by municipalities. Table 35. Estimated resident population as of January 1, 2012. Retrieved May 31, 2014. Archived May 31, 2014.
- Population of the Russian Federation by municipalities as of January 1, 2013. - M.: Federal State Statistics Service Rosstat, 2013. - 528 p. (Table 33. Population of urban districts, municipal districts, urban and rural settlements, urban settlements, rural settlements). Retrieved November 16, 2013. Archived November 16, 2013.
- Table 33. Population of the Russian Federation by municipalities as of January 1, 2014. Retrieved August 2, 2014. Archived August 2, 2014.
- Population of the Russian Federation by municipalities as of January 1, 2015. Retrieved August 6, 2015. Archived August 6, 2015.
- Population of the Russian Federation by municipalities as of January 1, 2016
- taking into account the cities of Crimea
- Population of the Russian Federation by municipalities as of January 1, 2018. Table “21. Population of cities and towns by federal districts and constituent entities of the Russian Federation as of January 1, 2018” (RAR archive (1.0 Mb)). Federal State Statistics Service.
- MBUZ "SHUMERLI CENTRAL DISTRICT HOSPITAL" - address and contacts of the institution..
- BU "SHUMERLINA CITY HOSPITAL" - address and contacts of the institution.
- BUDGETARY INSTITUTION "SHUMERLI CITY CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL" - address and contacts of the institution.
- AUTONOMOUS INSTITUTION "SHUMERLI CITY DENTAL CLINIC" - address and contacts of the institution.
- BU "SHUMERLINSKY INTERTERRITORIAL MEDICAL CENTER" MINISTRY OF HEALTH OF CHUVASHIA - address and contacts of the institution.
- Main. shpt.edusite.ru. Retrieved August 10, 2017.
Links
- Official website of the city of Shumerli
- Shumerlya in the encyclopedia “My City”
Railway station of the city of Shumerli
The area of the railway station of the city of Shumerli
Steam locomotive near the railway station in Shumerli
Administration of Shumerli
Lenin Square
Club "October"
City Park
Catamarans in the city park
Northern lights
Early 20th century architecture
G-11 landing glider (produced at the KAF plant in 1941-1942)
"Palace of Pioneers"
The city of Shumerle is 100 years old
"Olympus" - sports complex
The stadium "Trud"
Forest dwellers
Monument to WWII participants 1941-1945.
Among the noisy oak forests and pine forests, on the banks of the third largest tributary of the Volga, is located the small and beautiful city of Shumerlya. The oldest settlements near the city are the village of Shumerlya, which first gave its name to the railway station, the village, and then the city, and the village of Myslets.
The city is located a few kilometers from the Sura River, the third tributary of the Volga after the Kama and Oka. The northern outskirts of Shumerli are dissected by shallow ravines; in the south, behind the railway, a high ridge called Venets stretches from west to east - in ancient times it was the shore of the Sura. To the south of Venets there is a swampy lowland, dissected by the Myslets and Shumerlinka rivers. In the lowlands there are many lakes and Sura oxbows, filled in the spring with the hollow water of the Sura. The places where the van plant, chemical plant and special vehicle plant are now located were once swampy. The forests to the west of the city, the floodplain of the Sura River at the Kumashka junction, are state hunting reserves.
The Sura is navigable in these places: downstream is the Chuvash city of Yadrin, upstream is Alatyr. Once upon a time there was a grain route, but later the river became raftable. The timber was driven from cutting sites from the depths of the Surye region along the tributaries of the river, especially close to the Shumerla. Kira, sometimes completely clogged with moth forest. Sura was also famous for fish, most of all for sterlet.
The construction of the Arzamas-Kanash railway was carried out during the difficult years of the First World War for Russia, and the road straightened the path from Moscow to Kazan and further to the industrial Urals. Thus, in the forests surrounding the Sura, a small station village, Shumerlya, appeared not far from its right bank.
With the commissioning of the railway line, the platform of the railway station became the center of attraction for residents of the station village and the village of Shumerlya. Almost all of their small population flocked here on holidays, and generally in their free time, especially in the evenings. In the station park, on the “patch”, rallies of Sumerlin residents took place on the days of revolutionary holidays. However, in the early 20s, the village of Shumerlya was just a handful of wooden houses located on one single Vokzalnaya street. It stretched along the railway from the place where the special vehicles plant now stands to the territory now occupied by the grain collection point. Adjacent to Vokzalnaya Street was the first Sumerlin bakery (privately owned), which arose during the construction of the railway.
In 1920 there were 500 inhabitants in the village. At first there were no schools in the village. Children had to either study with private individuals or go to the village of Shumerlya. Old-timers recall that they studied in a dugout located near the railroad tracks opposite the current special-purpose van plant. They were taught by a private teacher - the wife of a road foreman.
In the fall of 1921, the Moscow-Kazan Railway Administration opened an elementary school at the Shumerlya station. There was no school building yet. Pupils of the first class studied in the station building, other classes - in the club of the railway forestry committee.
Then the building of a former private bakery located behind the railway, opposite the current special vehicles plant, was converted into a school. A.G. worked as teachers in the first school of the railway village at different times. Shimlyaev, A. S. Chernova, N. M. Makarov, V. I. Novikova, M. S. Afanasyeva, A. P. Kochetkov. In general, teachers changed often.
All the retail outlets of those years were concentrated on Vokzalnaya Street - the Zheleskom store, the Khodarsky general store, private shops.
As the station village expanded, other streets appeared. In the early years they were nameless and were called the first, second, third, etc. lines. Nowadays these are the streets of Karl Marx, Shcherbakova, International and others. The growth of Shumerli as a village, and then as a city, was facilitated by certain economic prerequisites, as well as features of the geographical location. The presence of large forests, a railway and the proximity of a rafting river gave impetus to the construction of its first industrial enterprises. One of them, however, at first very weak, was Zheleskom, which collected firewood, sleepers and other forest materials for the needs of railway transport.
At the end of the 1920s. Construction began on a large plant for the production of tanning extract, called "Bolshevik". To provide the construction with labor, a number of regions of Chuvashia were assigned to it, and in 1930 the plant produced its first products. Former peasants became workers. The station village has grown; public utilities, health care, education, and cultural institutions have appeared in it. The next construction project was a woodworking plant, which began to take shape during the creation of the tanning and extract production and the expansion of the village. At the end of 1924, a club was built in the village. A drama club began to operate in the club, and the first station film installation was installed.
In 1926, in the area of the Shumerlya station, the Truzhenik forestry partnership was organized. The artel began to produce lumber. In 1928, the engine of this artel lit the first electric light bulbs in the village.
The “Truzhenik” timber harvesting artel eventually became the base of the “Kombaindetal” plant, which was later transformed into a woodworking plant, then into a machine-building plant. Nowadays it is a large modern enterprise - the Shumerlinsky Special Vehicles Plant.
During the pre-war five-year plans, such enterprises as timber and timber factories, a bakery of the People's Commissariat of Trade of the Czech Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic, a gortop, and a fishing artel "Red October" arose in Shumerla. The kvass and brick factories were put into operation. In 1935, a printing house came into operation, and a regional newspaper began to be printed in Shumerla.
During the first five-year plans, much was done to satisfy the cultural and everyday needs of the working people. Much attention was paid to housing construction. At that time, mostly small two-story wooden houses were built. In those years, the city had no well-maintained roads, no sidewalks, no street lighting. Only the road to Yadrin was considered truly passable; the rest of the roads were impassable.
Trade developed. In 1935, there were 10 shops and 12 stalls in the village. There were three canteens: a tanning extract plant, a woodworking plant and a timber industry enterprise. There were three artisanal bakeries.
In 1930, a seven-year school was opened in the village, which was then called FZS - factory seven-year school. The first director of the FZS was V.N. Ivanov. A year later, the school moved to a two-story building in a residential village for furniture makers on the street. MOPR, and in the fall of 1932 it moved to a newly built two-story wooden school building. In 1937, the building of secondary school No. 3 came into operation; in 1940, the building in which school No. 1 is now located was built.
In the 30s, the Bolshevik club appeared - a tanning extract factory. It was only in 1939 that the building of the now existing Voskhod club was put into operation. The clubs had amateur art groups and brass bands.
The first outpatient clinic in Shumerla opened in 1930 on the territory of a woodworking plant. P.I. worked as a doctor. Ilyina.
In 1937 the village was transformed into a city. It already had almost 15 thousand inhabitants. At the same time, the process of forming national personnel was underway. By 1940 in Shumerla they made up 40% of qualified specialists.
During the Great Patriotic War, the woodworking plant mastered the production of wooden aircraft parts. In 1943, construction of a plant for combine harvester parts began here. It ended in the victorious year of 1945. The city’s energy supply was provided by the Shumerlinsk peat enterprise.
Houses on the street Stalin (now Lenin Street) Houses on the street. Shcherbakova (50s of the XX century) Immediately after the war, it was necessary to improve people’s lives. In Shumerla, a furniture factory was created on the basis of a woodworking plant. By the end of the 1950s. the number of city residents doubled compared to pre-war (31 thousand people). In 1962, Shumerlya became a city of republican subordination. At the same time, the industry of the young city is developing. A van plant is being built here, then a special vehicles plant, and a piano factory. The construction of city enterprises, residential buildings and institutions is provided by the brick factory. Light industry also developed in the city. A leather goods factory, a branch of the Chuvash clothing production association “Rassvet”, and a sportswear factory were built. A natural continuation and development of the work of cabinetmakers and the traditions of folk art was the creation of an artistic wood carving workshop in Shumerla. The development of vocational education in Sumerla is also connected with the tree. A branch of the Semenovsky (city of Semenov, Nizhny Novgorod region) technical school for mechanical wood processing operates here.
At the same time, in Shumerla, which became a regional center, enterprises for processing agricultural products also appeared: a creamery, a meat processing plant, a poultry processing plant. Shumerlya also became a transport hub. A pier was added to the railway station, and then the Nizhny Novgorod-Ulyanovsk highway passed near the city.
The connection between the young city and the forest can be felt on its streets. From the Sura side, the forests come close to the city; individual magnificent groups of pine trees rise between the houses. Many old buildings, one-story, wooden, have also been preserved. New brick buildings are interspersed with old ones and particles of forest, creating the unique appearance of Shumerli.
The territory of Shumerli is 13.3 square meters. km. The city is located 110 km from the capital of Chuvashia.
Shumerlya today is a young developing city. And no matter what skeptics say about its provincial lack of prospects, the city has a future that is being built every day by beautiful people who proudly bear the common name “Sumerlinets”.
|
Coat of arms of Shumerlya |
|
| A country | Russia |
| Subject of the federation | Chuvashia |
| Based | 1916 |
| Center height | 100 m |
| Population | ▼ 33,412 people (2010) |
| Postcode | 429120 |
| Ethnobury | Sumerlinians, Sumerlinian, Sumerlinian |
| Coordinates | Coordinates: 55°30′00″ N. w. 46°25′00″ E. d. / 55.5° n. w. 46.416667° E. d. (G) (O) (I)55°30′00″ n. w. 46°25′00″ E. d. / 55.5° n. w. 46.416667° E. d. (G) (O) (I) |
| OKATO code | 97 413 |
| Timezone | UTC+4 |
| Square | 13.3 km² |
| City with | 1937 |
| National composition | Russians - 68%, Chuvash - 24%, Tatars, Mordovians, etc. |
| Vehicle code | 21, 121 |
| Chapter | Bronitsyn Andrey Yurievich |
| Official site | link |
| Telephone code | +7 83536 |
| Confessional composition | Orthodox, Muslims, etc. |
Shumerlya (Chuvash mrle) is a city in the Chuvash Republic of the Russian Federation, the administrative center of the Shumerlinsky urban district and the Shumerlinsky district (the city of Shumerlya is not part of the Shumerlinsky district).
In 1916, during the construction of the Moscow-Kazan railway, the Shumerlya railway station was created, named after the nearby Chuvash village of Shumerlya. Until July 7, 1924, the village at the Shumerlya railway station was part of the Nizhny Novgorod province; in 1930 it was transformed into a workers’ village, and in 1937 into a city.
Population
The population of the city as of January 1, 1999 was 41 thousand people. (in 1959 - 30.2 thousand, in 1979 - 37.3 thousand, in 1989 - 41.9 thousand people). Representatives of different nationalities live, including 68% Russians, 24% Chuvash, as well as Mordovians, Tatars, and Ukrainians. In 2009, the population was 33.7 thousand inhabitants.
Farm
The presence of significant forest resources in the area and the favorable geographical location led to the emergence of wood processing enterprises, but due to the depletion of its own raw materials, only a timber processing plant survived. The leading industry of the city is mechanical engineering (the Shumerlinsky van plant and the Shumerlinsky plant of specialized vehicles, producing standardized vans, cars with special bodies: a canteen car, an ambulance, etc.). There are light industry enterprises (leather goods factory, clothing factory), food industry enterprises (bakery plant, creamery plant, meat processing plant, Lesnoy food processing plant).
The further development of the city is associated with the deepening of engineering specialization and the presence of convenient transport routes that bring Shumerlya to the all-Russian market.
2008 The volume of shipped goods of own production, work and services performed on one's own in mining, manufacturing and distribution of electricity, gas and water amounted to 4534.3 million rubles.
Notable natives
