The submarine was laid down on September 24, 1955 in Severodvinsk, at plant No. 402 (now Sevmash), factory No. 254. In August 1955, captain 1st rank L. G. Osipenko was appointed commander of the boat. The reactors were launched in September 1957 and launched on October 9, 1957. It entered service (the Navy flag was raised) on July 1, 1958, on July 4, 1958, for the first time in the USSR, it began running under a nuclear power plant, and on December 17, 1958, it was accepted from industry under a guarantee that defects would be eliminated.
At the same time, with a noticeable lag, the new coastal infrastructure required to support the nuclear submarines was designed and built. On March 12, 1959, it became part of the 206th separate BrPL based in Severodvinsk.
The submarine inherited the name “Leninsky Komsomol” from the diesel submarine “M-106” of the same name of the Northern Fleet, which was lost in one of the military campaigns in 1943.
In 1961 - first combat service in the Atlantic Ocean. In July 1962, for the first time in the history of the Soviet Navy, she made a long voyage under the ice of the Arctic Ocean, during which she passed the North Pole twice. Under the command of Lev Mikhailovich Zhiltsov, on July 17, 1962, for the first time in the history of the Soviet submarine fleet, she surfaced near the North Pole. The crew of the ship, not far from the pole, in the ice of the Central Arctic, hoisted the State Flag of the USSR. After returning to the base in Yokanga, the boat was met at the pier by N. S. Khrushchev and Minister of Defense R. Ya. Malinovsky. The leader of the campaign, Rear Admiral A.I. Petelin, the commander of the ship, Captain 2nd Rank L.M. Zhiltsov, and the commander of the warhead-5 (power plant), Captain 2nd Rank Engineer R.A. Timofeev, were awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union. All ship personnel were awarded orders and medals.
Chief designer of the first nuclear submarine of the USSR “K-3” Vladimir Nikolaevich Peregudov. Chief designer of the submarine K-3
Since the boat was fundamentally new, and was also designed and built in great haste, it almost constantly required repairs, improvements and alterations, which was hidden under the words “trial operation.” In the first years of service and the trip to the Pole, the maintenance of the boat, often in actual emergency, in working order was ensured, among other things, by a very qualified crew capable of performing complex repairs independently.
The weak point of the boat was the poorly designed and manufactured steam generators, in which microscopic, difficult to recognize cracks and water leaks constantly appeared in the primary (radioactive) circuit. A large number of alterations, modifications, and new welds also had an effect. For this reason, overexposure of the crew was not uncommon, but it was considered a necessary evil for such a revolutionary new ship. To reduce the radiation dose received by the crew in the “dirty” compartments, in a submerged position, periodic mixing of the air between the compartments was practiced for a more uniform distribution of contamination, and, accordingly, doses throughout the crew as a whole. Radiation sickness and its consequences among crew members were almost commonplace. There are known cases when an ambulance was waiting on the pier for a returning boat. A number of officers underwent bone marrow transplants, and many crew members subsequently died prematurely. At the same time, due to secrecy, false diagnoses were indicated in medical histories, which ruined the careers of many.
On September 8, 1967, a fire occurred in compartments I and II while on combat duty in the Norwegian Sea, killing 39 people. However, the boat returned to base on its own. The probable cause of the accident was the unauthorized replacement of the sealing gasket in the fitting of the hydraulic machine. A leak occurred, the leaked hydraulic fluid was not completely collected, and its remains ignited.
In 1991, it was withdrawn from the Northern Fleet. Then, by decision of the Maritime Board under the Government of the Russian Federation, chaired by Minister of Transport Igor Levitin, the first Soviet nuclear submarine should be converted into a museum. The Malachite Design Bureau has developed a project for converting it into a floating museum. At the moment, the submarine has been on the slipway of the Nerpa ship repair plant for many years, awaiting its fate. According to the latest information, there will be no conversion into a museum. The money will no longer be found, and I think the issue with the museum will soon be closed, the ship will not last forever, the hull will soon be 55 years old.
Next week I will tell you about one Sevmash veteran, a participant in the construction of the K-3 submarine.
It is expected that work on cutting up the boat will take place at the Nerpa enterprise in the Murmansk region until the end of 2013.
The reason for this decision was the need to free up the site where the boat is currently located. At this site, at the beginning of 2014, work will begin on the disposal of the floating technical base "Lepse", which stores about 700 spent uranium rods from Soviet nuclear icebreakers. Any accident at Lepse threatens a large-scale environmental disaster, and therefore it is no longer possible to delay this work.
At the same time, at the Nerpa plant itself they still hope to save the submarine, which is currently divided in half. In order to preserve the ship, it is necessary to connect the K-3 hull so that it can await the final decision of its fate for several more years while afloat. To carry out the work, 50 million rubles are needed, which they are now trying to find at Nerpa.
Nuclear submarine "Leninsky Komsomol". Photo: RIA Novosti / Mesyatsev
The K-3 submarine became the first domestic nuclear-powered ship and the third nuclear-powered submarine in the world, after the American Nautilus and Seawulf.
Development of the K-3 began in the context of the growing Cold War with the West. The creation of a nuclear submarine was supposed to allow the USSR to maintain military parity in this confrontation.
The creation of the nuclear-powered ship began on September 12, 1952, when Joseph Stalin signed the government decree “On the design and construction of facility 627.”
Needless to say, work on the first nuclear submarine was carried out in the strictest secrecy.
Conquest of "underwater space"
At the same time, even at the design stage, heated debates arose between the designers and the military. Initially, it was planned to arm the K-3 with a single giant torpedo that could attack enemy military bases from a distance of 50 kilometers. Famous Soviet military leader Admiral Kuznetsov noticed that the Americans were providing defense for their bases at a distance of up to 100 kilometers, and stated that the USSR Navy needed a boat with nuclear and conventional torpedoes capable of destroying the enemy fleet in the seas and oceans.
As a result, taking into account the opinion of the fleet command, the technical specifications were changed, and the boat began to be rebuilt, as they say, on the fly.
Despite this, the construction of the K-3 proceeded at an incredible pace that neither the then American competitors nor modern Russian shipbuilders could dream of. Five years passed from the idea of the nuclear-powered vessel to its launch. For comparison, the American Nautilus took almost a decade to build.
As fleet historians note, Project 627 boats were the first to appear in cetacean shapes, for which they received the nickname “whales.”
Vladimir Nikolaevich Peregudov became the general designer of K-3, subsequently awarded the title of Hero of Socialist Labor for his brainchild.
It would not be an exaggeration to say that the first nuclear-powered icebreaker was built by the entire country - 350 enterprises took part in the work on its creation. At the same time, the secrecy regime was such that many factories simply did not know for what purposes they were manufacturing certain components and assemblies.
The first commander of K-3 was Captain 1st Rank Leonid Osipenko. Secrecy prevented his name from spreading throughout the country. But for its time, the achievements of the K-3 were unique: it reached speeds of up to 30 knots (which exceeded the capabilities of its American rivals), dived to depths of up to 300 meters and could be on a three-month combat campaign without a single ascent. Leonid Osipenko was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union. He became the first to be awarded this title after the war.
K-3 was launched on October 9, 1957. This historical, epoch-making event occurred just five days after another revolutionary breakthrough of the USSR - the launch of the first satellite.
Drawing by N. Naumenkov “Soviet submarine Photo: RIA Novosti
Flag over the pole
The flag of the USSR Navy was raised over the boat on June 1, 1958, after which work began on fine-tuning the new equipment and eliminating identified deficiencies. In addition, a new coastal infrastructure was urgently built, because the nuclear-powered ship required fundamentally new maintenance.
Since 1959, the boat was based in Severodvinsk, becoming part of the separate 206th submarine brigade. In 1961, K-3 went on its first combat duty in the Atlantic.
The next year, 1962, became historic for K-3. Despite the fact that the submarine by that time was no longer the only Soviet nuclear-powered ship, it was she who was entrusted with the mission to reach the North Pole under the ice.
Commanded the boat during this period Captain 2nd Rank Lev Zhiltsov. The task ahead was incredibly difficult - there was no map of the depths and underwater peaks in the North Pole area, so we walked blindly and almost deafly. The multi-meter ice reflected the sounds of the boat itself, causing acousticians to experience auditory illusions.
The slightest mistake could lead to disaster and the death of the crew. It became especially difficult when suddenly a sharp decrease in depths began. The submariners moved carefully, by touch. It turned out that the “shoal” is a giant underwater ridge, which until that moment was unknown to science. The ridge that received the name hydrographer Yaroslav Gakkel, became the largest geographical discovery of the 20th century.
On July 17, 1962, at 6:50 a.m., the K-3 submarine passed the North Pole. The jokers on board even suggested changing course so as not to “bend the earth’s axis.”
Then the submariners managed to find a hole in the water, where they surfaced. The state flag was raised on the highest hummock, after which Captain Zhiltsov announced “shore leave.” The sailors had fun, played snowballs, fought, and took pictures in front of the boat in the ice. The last thing is the most surprising, because before the trip, counterintelligence seized all the cameras from the crew. However, they still ended up on board.
K-3 personally met who returned from this trip Soviet leader Nikita Khrushchev. The entire crew was awarded, and leader of the campaign, Rear Admiral Alexander Petelin, K-3 commander, captain 2nd rank Lev Zhiltsov and Engineer-Captain 2nd Rank Rurik Timofeev became Heroes of the Soviet Union.
The boat itself was also noted. In October 1962, it received the name “Leninsky Komsomol”. The name was inherited from the M-106 diesel submarine, which was lost in 1943 during one of its military campaigns.
Commander of the nuclear submarine L.M. Zhiltsov and political officer A. Shturmanov. Photo: RIA Novosti
Black September '67
Service on the K-3 was a heroic and dangerous undertaking for the sailors. The first Soviet nuclear-powered ship was not ideal from the point of view of radiation safety, so all crew members received their dose of radiation. At the same time, on the boat the crew themselves approved the rule - “fouling”, radioactive air should circulate throughout the entire boat, and not only reach the sailors from the energy compartments. This is how the old principle of submariners worked: on a boat everyone is equal - we win and die together.
There was a “black” page in the almost 30-year history of the Lenin Komsomol service. On September 8, 1967, a massive fire occurred on K-3 in the Norwegian Sea. Since June 1967, since the outbreak of the war in the Middle East, the boat has been on combat duty in the Mediterranean Sea.
Before this, the boat was too often involved in ceremonial events, disrupting the crew’s combat training. They were preparing for an emergency trip to the Mediterranean in an emergency manner, patrolling for 80 days in extreme conditions - in the local climate, in some compartments the temperature went beyond 60 degrees.
On the way back, due to a fatal coincidence, a monstrous fire started on the boat, which in a matter of minutes claimed the lives of 39 sailors. However, the surviving crew members managed to prevent the destruction of the boat. The Leninsky Komsomol arrived at the base under its own power, on the surface, with the flag at half-mast - this is the naval tradition in memory of the sailors who died on the voyage.
History for remelting?
After repairs, the Leninsky Komsomol returned, from which the nuclear-powered ship was withdrawn in 1991.
From that moment on, K-3, as they say, went through the motions. At first it was on the balance sheet of Rosimushchestvo, then Rosatom and USC. Civilian and military officials have stated many times that history cannot be disposed of, and that the Lenin Komsomol will become a floating museum.
While waiting for the project to be implemented, the boat was cut in two and the reactor was removed, which was sunk in the Kara Sea. Since 2003, the idea of transporting K-3 to St. Petersburg has been discussed for installation in an eternal museum parking lot. In 2008, at the Maritime Collegium under the Russian government, the Malachite Design Bureau was instructed to develop a project for a museum based on the Lenin Komsomol.
The project exists, but they cannot find money for its implementation. Experts from the United Shipbuilding Company estimated the cost of turning K-3 into a museum at 400 million rubles, now this amount has increased to 650 million.
If a solution is not found in the very near future, Leninsky Komsomol, part of the history of the fleet and the country, a history of which we have the right to be proud, will turn into just a pile of cut iron.
Lenin Komsomol (submarine)
| K-3 "Leninsky Komsomol" | ||
|---|---|---|
| Ship history | ||
| Flag State | USSR | |
| Home port | Western Faces | |
| Launching | 12th of August | |
| Removed from the fleet | ||
| Current status | withdrawn from the fleet, converted into a museum | |
| Main characteristics | ||
| Ship type | PAYMENT | |
| Project designation | 627 "Whale" | |
| Project developer | SKB No. 143 | |
| Chief designer | V. N. Peregudov | |
| NATO classification | "November" | |
| Speed (surface) | 15.5 knots | |
| Speed (underwater) | 30 knots | |
| Working depth | 300 m | |
| Sailing autonomy | 50-60 days | |
| Crew | 104 people | |
| Dimensions | ||
| Surface displacement | 3065 t | |
| Displacement underwater | 4750 t | |
| Maximum length (according to KVL) | 107.4 m | |
| Body width max. | 7.96 m | |
| Average draft (according to waterline) | 5.65 m | |
| Power point | ||
| Nuclear, twin-shaft, two pressurized water reactors type VM-A. Thermal power 2 x 70 MW, shaft power 2 x 17,500 hp. | ||
| Armament | ||
| Torpedo- mine weapons |
8 bow-mounted TAs of 533 mm caliber, 20 torpedoes, in the usual configuration - 6 with nuclear charges of 15 kilotons each. | |
"Leninsky Komsomol", originally K-3- the first Soviet (third in the world) nuclear submarine, the lead in the series. The only boat of the project, all subsequent boats in the series were built according to the modified project 627A. The submarine inherited the name “Leninsky Komsomol” from the diesel submarine “M-106” of the same name of the Northern Fleet, which was lost in one of the military campaigns in 1943. She bore this honorary name since October 9, 1962. In recent years, the service has been reclassified from cruising to large (B-3).
History of construction
Work began in accordance with the decree of the USSR Council of Ministers “On the design and construction of facility 627”. Chief designer V. N. Peregudov. The head of the work since 1953 is S. A. Bazilevsky. At the same time, during the design process since 1952, two options were developed - a version with a water-cooled reactor and a reactor with a liquid metal coolant. K-3 became the embodiment of the variant with a pressurized water reactor, and an alternative project was created later under the symbol K-27, a student of A.K. Nazarov in the body of this project. This approach to the development of the power plant completely repeated the path taken by the American developers who created the Nautilus in 1954 and Seawulf. However, unlike the mentioned American projects, which use classic hull designs of diesel-electric boats, the K-3 hull was designed from scratch with an emphasis on underwater performance. The boat turned out to be significantly faster than the Nautilus, so during submerged tests a speed of 30 knots was achieved. Initially, the boat was intended to attack coastal naval bases with a single thermonuclear torpedo of a very large caliber (T-15), however, due to the obvious technical inconsistency of the approach and the revealed senselessness from a military point of view, along the way the project was revised towards a more traditional torpedo armament with the possibility of using nuclear warheads on torpedoes. The project contained many frankly adventurous features - for example, in the original version, the boat did not carry defensive weapons, did not have mooring devices (a special tug was supposed to be used for maneuvers at the base), anchors and emergency diesel generators. The crew was prepared and trained in advance, some of the officers were involved at the project stage, which made it possible to qualitatively improve the ergonomics of the workplace and the living conditions of the crew, eliminating obvious “blunders” on specially built wooden mock-ups. Subsequently, high-quality selection and training of the crew on specially built stands (including the stand of a nuclear power plant at the training base in Obninsk) greatly helped to begin the service of the boat, which left the factory “raw”, with many defects and problems.
The reactors were launched in September 1957, launched on October 9, 1957. It entered service (the Navy flag was raised) on July 1, 1958, on July 4, 1958, for the first time in the USSR, it began running under a nuclear power plant, and on December 17, 1958, it was accepted from industry under a guarantee that defects would be eliminated.
At the same time, with a noticeable lag, the new coastal infrastructure required to support the nuclear submarines was designed and built.
Service history
End of service
In 1991, it was withdrawn from the Northern Fleet. Then, by decision of the Maritime Board under the Government of the Russian Federation, chaired by the Minister of Transport Igor Sergeevich Livitin, the first Soviet nuclear submarine should be converted into a museum. The Malachite Design Bureau has developed a project for converting it into a floating museum.
Notes
Links
For many years, the legend of the Soviet submarine - the first nuclear submarine K-3 - was waiting for its fate to be decided - to be cut into needles or to become a museum. Dozens of veteran submariner organizations, active sailors, members of the public and specialists from the Nerpa shipyard, where the boat has been located for several years, appealed to the Ministry of Defense with a request to prevent the disposal of the Lenin Komsomol.
The first Soviet nuclear submarine K-3 “Leninsky Komsomol” began its biography in 1958. On June 15, the submarine was put into operation, and on July 4, 1958, the submarine began running under a nuclear power plant for the first time. On March 12, 1959, K-3 became part of the 206th separate submarine brigade based in Severodvinsk.
In July 1962, for the first time in the history of the Soviet Navy, the submarine made a long voyage under the ice of the Arctic Ocean, during which it passed the North Pole twice. Under the command of Lev Mikhailovich Zhiltsov, on July 17, 1962, for the first time in the history of the Soviet submarine fleet, the boat surfaced near the North Pole. The crew of the ship, not far from the pole, in the ice of the Central Arctic, hoisted the State Flag of the USSR.
Having gone through a glorious military path, on June 15, 1991, the first-born of the nuclear submarine was withdrawn from the Northern Fleet. And almost immediately they started talking about how K-3 should become a museum. Before the final decision on this issue was made, the boat was docked at Gremikha (the base of the Northern Fleet ships).
In 2005, Leninsky Komsomol arrived at the Nerpa shipyard, an enterprise where nuclear missile carriers that have served their service life are prepared for disposal.
And almost from the first days, the factory workers joined the fight to preserve the legend of the Northern Fleet. Considering it a crime to let K-3 go on pins and needles. For several years, the Ministry of Defense received letters and appeals from the plant management, from submariners, and from various public and veteran organizations.
As time went. The boat was rusting. The Defense Department turned a deaf ear to calls to find funds to preserve the naval legend. Meanwhile, from the water area of the plant, the boat was transferred to a slipway slab, where, as if on an operating table, its heart - the reactor compartment - was removed. Which was sent to the nuclear waste storage facility in Sayda Guba. To carry out this work, the boat's hull was divided into three parts. K-3 is still on the slipway today in a “disassembled” state.
In the near future, the slipway should be cleared for another ship - at the Nerpa shipyard, they are preparing to dismantle the Lepse mother ship. And now funds are needed to corvert the submarine. To launch it until the final decision on creating a museum is made.
On November 27, a meeting was held at the Technical Directorate of the Northern Fleet in St. Petersburg, which was attended by Arkady Oganyan, director of the Nerpa Shipyard branch of Zvezdochka JSC. One of the issues discussed at the meeting was financing the first stage of creating the K-3 museum. Namely - converting the Lenin Komsomol and launching it into the water.
“Today, there is a decision from the Ministry of Defense to allocate the necessary financial resources for the first stage,” said Arkady Ohanyan. “We are talking about 43 million rubles, which will be enough to convert the K-3 and launch it in the water area of the shipyard "Seal". This money will be allocated under the 2014 City Defense Order by the Ministry of Defense. The work will begin and be completed approximately in the first half of 2014. With appropriate funding – in January.”
There is already an instruction from the defense department to the Department of State Defense Order to allocate these funds. How long K-3 will have to wait for its revival is still unknown. To date, there is neither a project nor funds to convert the boat into a museum. The preliminary project, developed several years ago by the Malachite Design Bureau, was estimated at 500 million rubles. The search for funds and the development of a new project (for which, according to the technical specifications of the Ministry of Defense, specialists from the Malachite Design Bureau are ready to undertake) are further great prospects. But one thing is already clear - the legendary nuclear submarine will be preserved for history. There will be a Lenin Komsomol Museum!
K-3 nuclear submarine project 627. The first Soviet nuclear submarine. She was considered an experimental ship, and for many years, she carried out not only combat missions, but also served as a floating scientific laboratory. It inherited the name “Leninsky Komsomol” from the diesel submarine “M-106” of the same name of the Northern Fleet.
But, “Lenin Komsomol” was called only in the open press and at special events. And, usually, the sailors called it: “Troika”, “K-3”.
Scientific supervision of the design was carried out by Academician A.P. Aleksandrov. The development of the VM-A reactor installation for project 627 was carried out by NII-8 director N.A. Dollezhal, also later an academician.
The chief designer of the 627 project was V.N. Peregudov.
In the 30s, he, together with his childhood friend S. Turkov, prepared design documentation for a type "C" submarine. In the midst of this work, S. Turkov was arrested. Peregudov was also summoned to the investigator, who refused to sign anything discrediting his comrade. Soon Peregudov himself was arrested.
In the cell with him was an army commander, in a summer tunic, who had been arrested in the summer. And Vladimir Nikolaevich, when arrested, was wearing a fur coat. Hiding under a fur coat, the future designer of the first domestic nuclear submarine, Vladimir Nikolaevich Peregudov, and the future Marshal Konstantin Konstantinovich Rokossovsky met. Neither one nor the other began to testify against anyone and they were eventually released.
K-3 was laid down on May 15, 1954 in what is now Severodvinsk at a plant now called the Northern Machine-Building Enterprise (SMP). And on December 17, 1958, members of the government commission signed an act on the acceptance of K-3 into the Navy. Thus, the construction time of the ship from laying to entry into the fleet was a little more than three years.
For combat purposes, the K-3 is a multi-purpose nuclear submarine with torpedo weapons. It has an underwater displacement of 4750 tons, and a surface displacement of 3050 tons. Maximum length 107.4 m. Hull width 7.96 m. Average draft 5.65 m. Surface speed 15.5 knots. Underwater - 30 knots. Working diving depth 300 m. Crew 104 people. Inside the durable case there are 9 compartments.
The first compartment is a torpedo compartment, with eight torpedo tubes, and 12 spare torpedoes lying on racks.
The second compartment is the battery compartment. On the K-3, for the first time in the Russian fleet, the battery could be charged in the submerged position of the ship, without connection with the atmosphere. For this purpose, there was a special complex that included a ventilation system with filters for absorbing aerosols and a furnace for afterburning hydrogen. In the second compartment there is an officer's mess and cabins.
The third compartment contains a central post with periscopes, retractable devices for radar stations and communication stations; It contains cabins with equipment for acousticians and radio operators.
The fourth compartment is the compartment of diesel electric generators (DG) and auxiliary mechanisms. Two DGs are a backup source of electricity. The fourth compartment contains the galley.
The fifth compartment is a compartment of a steam generating unit (SPU), with steam generators and two water nuclear reactors (NR) with a thermal power of 70 mW each. The reactors are located in the center plane of the ship, one behind the other. All PPU equipment is located in a special sealed uninhabited enclosure, covered with biological protection screens. The enclosure space, to maintain vacuum, is equipped with a vacuum system.
The sixth compartment is turbine, with two main turbo-gear units (GTZA) with a total power of 35,000 hp. The torques of the turbine rotors are transmitted to the propeller shafts through gearboxes, tire-pneumatic (TBM) and gear couplings.
The seventh compartment is electrical. It contains two turbogenerators (NTGs) mounted on the GTZA with control stations. Two auxiliary propulsion electric motors (PEM), connected, after the shaft drive, to the shaft lines, and the PPM control station are located closer to the stern. In the bow of the seventh compartment there is a fence of reactor control panels, and along the passage there are officers’ cabins.
The eighth compartment - auxiliary mechanisms and living compartment;
The ninth compartment contains steering gears and other auxiliary equipment. The compartment is residential.
The nuclear submarine K-3 became widely known throughout the world when, on July 17, 1962, it passed under the ice over the North Pole and, finding a hole in the ice, surfaced among the Arctic ice. After returning from the trip, golden rain fell on the developers and creators of this miracle of technology.
The Minister of Shipbuilding Industry B.E. became Heroes of Socialist Labor. Butoma, chief designer V.N. Peregudov, director of SMP E.P. Egorov Orders and medals were awarded to 104 employees of SKB-143 and 410 employees of the SMP. 18 scientists and industry specialists received the Lenin Prize.
The entire crew of the K-3 nuclear submarine was awarded for participation in the test. For the first time since the war, commander L.G. was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union. Osipenko. First mate Zhiltsov L.M., and commander of warhead-5 Akulov B.P. were awarded the Order of Lenin.
For the voyage to the North Pole, the commander of the 1st flotilla, Rear Admiral A.I., became Heroes of the Soviet Union. Petelin, submarine commander L.M. Zhiltsov, who replaced Osipenko, BC-5 commander R.A. Timofeev, who replaced Akulov.
In September 1962, depressurization of the nuclear reactor fuel elements was discovered at K-3. The submarine arrived at the Zvezdochka shipyard in the city. Severodvinsk and transferred for further repairs with replacement of the reactor compartment. The submarine's control equipment and emergency response equipment were modernized. A new navigation system "Sigma" was installed.
In November 1965, a state act on the completion of repairs was signed and K-3 arrived at its permanent home base in Zapadnaya Litsa Bay. On December 17 of the same year, the first cosmonaut of the planet Yu.A. Gagarin visited the submarine. and made an entry in the ship's historical log.
My first acquaintance with the Leninsky Komsomol nuclear submarine took place three months after this event, when I arrived at K-3 for a two-month pre-graduation internship. During the internship, he went to sea on the K-3 to test anti-submarine defense systems on the topic “Egorlyk”.
The entire trip, the boat sailed underwater on alternating tacks. So, from time to time, cross your route. The rotation of the submarine's propellers mixes layers of water with different salinities, and by changing the salinity it was supposed to detect the trace left by the submarine. When one of the officers explained to me the purpose of our exit, I thought that I was being played. 12 years later, while on practice with the cadets in Gremikha, I was able to read a report on the test results. Indeed, equipment has been developed that is able to determine the trace of a submarine, even many hours after its passage.
At the end of May, I passed the test based on the results of the internship, and began to get ready for school, where my diploma design awaited me. During the presentation on the occasion of the end of the internship, I had a conversation with the commander of the submarine Pervushin and the commander of the warhead-5 Vitaly Vasilyevich Zaitsev about my future service. I secured their consent to come and serve in K-3 after graduation.
Many years later, I will again introduce myself to Zaitsev, who by that time had become an admiral, head of the electromechanical service of the 11th nuclear submarine flotilla. When I, a teacher at the Dzerzhinsky School, bring my fifth-year cadets to Gremikha for an internship. But, this will be fourteen years after the internship.
And not long before the end of my graduation project, I was offered the position of electrical engineer for the newest 705 project, a third generation nuclear submarine. I happily agreed, and said goodbye to the idea of serving in K-3.
Less than a year later, the nuclear submarine K-3, under the command of a new commander, Captain 1st Rank Stepanov, entered combat service in the Mediterranean Sea, carrying 4 torpedoes with nuclear warheads on board.
My classmate Valera Satrapinsky was appointed commander of the electrical engineering group at K-3.
On the night of September 8, 1967, on the 56th day of the campaign, northeast of the Faroe Islands, a fire broke out in the 1st compartment. When the personnel moved to the 2nd compartment, the fire spread there too.
The berth of the commander of the electrical engineering group was in the second compartment. But when, shortly before the accident began, Valera Satrapinsky, having completed his watch, came to rest, the place turned out to be occupied. He did not wake up the sleeping man. He went to the eighth compartment, and, thanks to this, remained alive. And all the sleepers died.
Nobody knows what my fate would have been like if my intentions to serve in K-3 had come true.
It turns out that due to the destruction of the paranitic washer, which, instead of a copper one, was installed on the fitting of the hydraulic system during factory repairs, the pipeline depressurized. Combustible hydraulics (organic oil), under pressure, splashed onto a hot lamp and burst into flames. A massive fire broke out in the compartment, fueled by oil coming from a spray bottle.
Emergency events subsequently developed as follows.
The officer on watch was Lieutenant Commander Alexander Leskov, who was appointed assistant commander two days before the ship went to sea. Commander Yuri Stepanov and navigator Oleg Pevtsov played chess in the chart room located in the central control room. In the second compartment, in the officer’s wardroom, the commander of the BC-5, Zaitsev, and the political officer, Zhilyaev, were playing backgammon.
At 01:52 a.m. the light on the communication console began to blink. Leskov flipped the switch: “Who’s calling the central one?” But the only answer was the terrible screams of people burning alive.
The watch officer commanded: “Emergency alert! Float to a depth of 30 meters!” and gave an emergency signal. The helmsman shifted the rudders to ascend.
Following this, desperate attempts to realize something began: - First, second, report what happened to you?!
The commander of the first compartment, captain 3rd rank Lev Komorkin, who arrived in alarm from the second compartment to the first, where he was the compartment commander, made his last report from the Kashtan to the central post: “The entire compartment is on fire. I can not anymore…"
The political officer Zhilyaev and the commander of the warhead-5 Zaitsev, who had been alerted to the central post, managed to jump out of the second compartment into the central post. For a moment one could see flames behind them, and burning people rushing from the first compartment into the second. The bulkhead hatch between the third and second compartments immediately slammed shut.
It was Lieutenant Commander Anatoly Malyar, seconded to replace the commander of the second compartment who had left for a basketball competition. Before his death, he managed to close the bulkhead hatch from the inside, and thereby prevented the further spread of the fire. There he was found after the fire, with his back to the bulkhead, under a pile of charred bodies.
At the alarm signal, the navigator, captain 3rd rank Pestsov, arrived at the control center. He recalls: “I remember that the door from the chart room to the central post was open, and I saw political officer Zhilyaev at the bulkhead hatch in the second compartment. He did not make any physical efforts to keep the cremoile in the lowered state.
At some point, at the cremolier of the hatch of the 2nd compartment, instead of the political officer, the commander ordered me to stand up. My hand lay on the cremolaire and no attempts were made to open the hatch from the second compartment. Everyone in the cabins and in the passage of the 2nd compartment died.
By this time, from the cipher post, which was located in the hold of the 2nd compartment, there was a telephone call from the cipher officer midshipman Musatov, who reported that he could not go up from the hold to the deck. The bodies of the dead made it impossible to open the hatch.
The assistant commander, captain-lieutenant Leskov, recalls: “The code post where the midshipman was was hermetically sealed, so, apparently, Musatov did not die immediately... I don’t know whether I promised that we would save him, or listened in silence. I just can’t remember this. There are probably things that human memory cannot store...”
To save Musatov, it was necessary to go into the second compartment. And first of all - to clean off the bulkhead hatch, behind which the flames were already raging with might and main and the deadly gas was swirling...
Literally before the fire, the foreman of the electrician team, V. Mikhnin, went to the second compartment to turn on the hydrogen afterburning furnaces and measure the density of the electrolyte. Having conscientiously completed this work, he found himself captured by fire along with Musatov.
Pevtsov recalls: “Periodically, at the request of the commander, I reported the temperature of the bulkhead between the 2nd and 3rd compartments, which I determined by touch. I remember that I reported 70 ° C, but this was, naturally, a subjective feeling. As far as I remember, even by touch, the temperature changed (decreased).
Fire in the first compartment! It contains two dozen combat torpedoes, 4 of them with atomic charges.
The base had already received an emergency signal via radio. But the tension in the central post intensified - the pressure in the first compartment was rapidly growing. And the TNT of torpedoes explodes with a simultaneous increase in temperature and pressure.
In order to prevent an explosion, the submarine commander makes the only right decision: “Equalize the pressure with the emergency compartments!”
Navigator Pevtsov recalls: “The commander gave me the order to equalize the pressure with the second compartment. For some reason I ran to the starboard side to the blow-in ventilation clinket. The commander immediately responded: “Equalize the pressure in the exhaust ventilation,” the clinker of which was located on the bulkhead in the chart room.
I opened the clinker and I only remember how, under great pressure with a hum, black-gray smoke and flakes, with a predominance of gray, poured into the chart room through the open ventilation mushrooms. I don’t remember who closed the klinket and when, perhaps even I myself, on the orders of the commander.”
“All personnel of the third compartment should join the IDA,” commanded captain 2nd rank Zaitsev. Midshipman Lunya and three sailors managed to carry out the command.
Pevtsov recalls: “Perhaps this was facilitated, to some extent, by the fact that the IDA devices were placed in a new way, more neatly or something, but it was inconvenient to get them out, because many devices were placed on the ceiling.
As the central compartment began to smoke, trouble began here too. A sailor in a state like an epileptic seizure was lifted from the hold onto the deck. They kept him from hitting his head on the deck and other metal structures.
For some reason, I remember Vitaly Zaitsev, who, sitting at the control panel of the public address system, had one hand twitching convulsively. What was happening with the commander at that time is not etched in my memory. I remember only anxious eyes full of some kind of determination.”
“Blow out the tanks of the middle group! We ascend to a positional position,” the submarine commander gave the command.
"Already after the CPU started smoking, we began to float to the surface. I remember that the command to “blow through the middle one” was given. The bilge officer opened the general valve to blow through the middle one, but apparently not enough, because the boat floated up slowly. He did as always, with the goal saving VVD The commander quickly responded to this and, removing the bilge man, opened the valve to its fullest.
Apparently, at this time I lost consciousness. I probably lost consciousness gradually, but quite quickly. I only remember that I was thinking about the difficulties that my wife would experience, for my youngest son was only 8 months old, and the eldest was in his seventh year.”
The boat surfaced. The sea immediately made itself felt and a pitching motion appeared. The commander went up to the control hatch, and, in his emotions, forgetting to equalize the pressure, pulled the ratchet. The cover of the lower conning hatch, thrown off by excess pressure, hit him on the head.
Sliding on his hands along the ladder and losing consciousness, with a bloody head, Stepanov fell under the hatch shaft.
Leskov, who took command of the ship, sent political officer Zhilyaev to the bridge to act as watch officer. Zhilyaev was the first to climb onto the navigation bridge. A voice was heard from there: “The upper conning tower hatch has been cleaned!”
“Start the fan to ventilate the third compartment,” the commander of the warhead-5 managed to command and lost consciousness.
In the fourth compartment, the sailors, under the command of the compartment commander, Lieutenant Satrapinsky, who arrived on an emergency alert, opened the valve between the third and fourth compartments. When the fan was turned on, the smoke of the 2nd and 3rd compartments poured into the 4th compartment because the water has not yet had time to drain from the external pipelines.
Seeing that people in the central post were beginning to lose consciousness, at 1:59 am Leskov gave the command to evacuate the personnel of the central post to the bridge. He himself could not leave the central one, since due to the failure of the ship-wide broadcast, the assistant commander maintained contact with the compartments via the ship's telephone until he completely lost consciousness from carbon monoxide poisoning.
In addition to him, the commander of the boat, the commander of the warhead-5 and the navigator were poisoned by combustion products and were unconscious.
Midshipman Lunya included the wounded submarine commander and the motionless commander of the BC-5 into an insulating gas mask.
The commander of the 1st division of the BC-5, captain 3rd rank Yuri Nekrasov, after the central post stopped responding to calls, made the right decision. On his orders, in the fourth compartment, wearing individual rescue apparatus, the submariners evacuated people from the poisoned third compartment.
Leskov A.Ya., who had lost consciousness, was handed over through the bulkhead hatch of the third compartment to the commander of the fourth compartment Satrapinsky, who, on his back, carried the tall, strong physique of Leskov A. to the eighth compartment.
Navigator Pestsov recalls: “I woke up when an IDA device with an open oxygen valve was brought to my mouth. Apparently mechanically, without even realizing anything, I was looking for a mouthpiece with my lips. Opening my eyes, I saw our doctor, captain Tolya Fomin and someone else - then from the sailors. The doctor asked me if I could climb to the bridge alone, because I am heavy and it would be problematic to help me with this.
I climbed onto the bridge myself, dropping one of my sandals. Naturally, he did not return for her. Having climbed into the wheelhouse enclosure, I sat on the can and rested my forehead against the periscope stand. My head hurt badly. The sea was level 4, or rather rough. It swayed a little. All the cutting equipment was wet. Apparently, there was already a commander on the bridge (I can’t say for sure), but I remember exactly the commander’s order to the doctor to organize an infirmary in the 8th compartment.”
Members of the emergency party transferred the bodies hand to hand to the bridge and to the eighth compartment, where the ship's doctor Anatoly Fomin gave injections to the unconscious sailors directly through their work clothes.
Everyone was rescued from the third compartment except one sailor, who could not be pumped out.
But in the two bow compartments, the senior assistant commander, the head of the chemical service, the commander of the survivability division, the commander of the electronic navigation service and the commander of the remote control group, most of the personnel of the torpedo teams, bilges, and other divisions of the ship were burned or poisoned by gases. In total, 39 people died as a result of the accident.
The struggle for survivability continued. The high-pressure air pipeline in the emergency compartments was damaged and therefore the fire resumed. In the third compartment, wet blankets were placed on the bulkhead of the second compartment to somehow bring down the temperature. The commander of the warhead-5, who regained consciousness, gave the order to flood the first compartment through the torpedo replacement tank.
To prevent the bow-heavy submarine from going under water, the bow's horizontal rudders had to be pulled out. The drift of the submarine with its bow rudders falling off told the flying Orions of the US anti-submarine defense that the nuclear submarine was suffering an accident.
The General Staff of the USSR Ministry of Defense refused the assistance offered by the Americans. The Orions overflights of the submarine stopped, but two miles from the emergency boat the British frigate began to drift.
On September 11, the Soviet cruiser Zhelaznyakov approached the submarine. On board the cruiser was the commander of the 3rd division of the nuclear submarine, Rear Admiral Ignatov, the deputy division commander for EMC Zarembovsky and personnel of the reserve crew.
Despite the severe accident and the death of a significant part of the personnel, the submarine maintained its speed and independently, without replacing the crew, returned to its home base.
My friend and classmate, Sanya Ignatov, told how he and his sailors carried charred corpses out of the boat compartments. The story is not for the faint of heart.
The dead members of the K-3 crew were buried in a mass grave on the outskirts of the city of Zaozersk, better known as Zapadnaya Litsa. On the modest monument there is the inscription “To the submariners who died in the ocean on 09/08/67.” And a small anchor at the foot of the slab.
A commission formed on shore immediately after the accident recognized the actions of the crew as heroic. All sailors - both living and dead - were nominated for state awards. Five received the title of Hero of the Soviet Union, two of them posthumously.
But the presentation ended, with the argument that it was not good to reward so generously for an accident.
The crew was awarded this way: all the dead sailors, petty officers and officers were included in the Book of Honor of the Red Banner Northern Fleet. K-3 commander Yu.F. Stepanov, due to illness, was written off ashore and transferred to the Black Sea Higher Naval School named after P.S. Nakhimov. There he was awarded the Order of the Red Star for saving the first-born of the Soviet nuclear fleet. The commander of BC-5 V.V. also received the Order of the Red Star. Zaitsev, at the end of his difficult service, became the head of the Main Directorate of Operation and Repair of the Navy, Deputy Commander-in-Chief of the FMF, and a member of the Military Council of the Navy.
In 1987, when the K-3 was withdrawn from the fleet, employees of Malachite, the designer of the boat, approached the authorities with the initiative to preserve it as a national symbol, turning it into a memorial complex similar to the D-2 submarines in St. Petersburg, or S-56 in Vladivostok.
Since then, over the course of many years, several scientific, industrial and public organizations have appealed to the authorities, including the President, with a request to preserve the first nuclear submarine as a national relic. There is no response to all these requests.
According to the newspaper “Ship Side” (No. 28-2008): “K-3” is located at the Nerpa shipyard, the reactor compartment has been cut out, the boat can be completed as a museum ship. The amount required for this is approximately equal to the cost... of a football player of the level of the Russian national team.”
P.S. Two years after I published this essay on Prose.Ru, one of his heroes called me, my school friend Valera Satrapinsky, whom I had not met since 1966, and gave me the text that I, along with his poems I publish about K-3 here:
Fire on the K3 nuclear submarine Leninsky Komsomol
So much has been written on this topic that it seems: is it possible to find something new that will shed light on this event. Sometimes they refer to the opinion of the famous submariners Alexander Leskov and Yuri Nekrasov. These are respected people who gave their best years to their native navy in its most difficult sector - submarines. A lot of time has passed since then and their memory sometimes seems to fail them.
For example, A.Ya. Leskov mixed up the base to which K-3 arrived after the accident. It was not Gremikha, but Malaya Lopatka Zapadnaya Litsa, from which all the submarines based there were removed; during the last trip on the boat, a disaster happened to the sailor - appendicitis became inflamed.
The ship's doctor Fomin successfully performed the operation, but the difficult conditions in the submarine interfered with the healing process, which could lead to a serious result, and a command was given from Moscow to meet with a passing ship and transfer the patient, and he remained alive and met us in Western Litsa in September, and according to A. Leskov, he was dead.
They walked to the meeting place at decent speed. I was on watch in the 7th compartment when suddenly the boat went into deep water with a large trim, the command was given from the central post to transfer the entire load to the starboard side, and the left turbine was reversed, but it was not possible to stop the boat and the right turbine was reversed as a result all the energy went to the battery.
I don’t remember exactly what the immersion depth was, but the angles on which the equipment and starters were attached were deformed with a bang. The boat surfaced, and the reason was the operation of the Tourmaline system, which was installed on the boat in an experimental version.
The Tourmaline system erroneously gave the command to dive - the boat dived and made us worry. On the way to the base, a command was received in the North Sea to wait for the start of NATO ships' exercises, but the weather did not allow NATO ships to conduct exercises due to a strong storm.
On September 5, an order was issued by the USSR Ministry of Defense on the transfer to the reserve of sailors and foremen who had served their term. The mood on the boat was festive; I was asked to play the march “Farewell of the Slavyanka”, since the ship’s tape recorder was not working. That evening, September 7, in the officers’ mess, the Kyiv studio film “Ballet Star” was shown.
A colorful film, a women's ballet on ice, everyone sat spellbound by the beauty, sometimes someone made jokes to the lieutenants sitting on the deck under the table. I had instructions under my belt and in the morning I had to pass a test according to it to the commander of the BC5, Vitaly Vasilyevich Zaitsev.
He was my fellow countryman and it was inconvenient for me to embarrass myself in front of him with uncertain answers. Having not watched the film while listening to the witticisms of my colleagues, I left the company cabin and headed to the energy compartment to read the instructions again and look at the equipment.
In the 4th compartment I met mechanic Viktor Taraban, who after his watch went to the first compartment to sleep. “Why did you change your habits of sleeping directly on the auxiliary diesel engines during the hike,” I asked him, he slyly replied: “I want to get a good night’s sleep.” If only he knew how it would end. Before the trip, he received a letter from his mother, she asked him to come soon, because... the roof was completely leaky and there was no one to help her.
I had a trusting relationship with the personnel of the electrical engineering group and not only with them, I lived in the north alone, my wife had just given birth to my son and, having interrupted her studies at the Pediatric Institute in Leningrad, she went to the Volga, so I lived in the barracks and was a permanent support officer crew.
The guys in the crew were strong and strong, especially Taraban and Gaivas, they went with me on patrol and on duty at the commandant’s office, and I was always sure that my back was protected. Most of the officers were former athletes, a striking example were V.L. Zarembovsky and Yu.F. Stepanov, who replaced G.S. Pervushin a month before the trip to the Mediterranean Sea.
The crew of the boat was the same as the other crews, only it was an honor to serve on the K-3, and the previous trip under the ice of the Arctic Ocean to determine the thickness of the ice that could crack the hull of the boat to launch a missile strike proved that it was not by chance that this famous ship was entrusted with this .
In this campaign, captain-lieutenant Leskova A.Ya. there was none and therefore it is not reputable to talk about some unprepared crew. The Komsomol members of the crew were led by Valery Rozanov, one of the heroes of the book about the Lenin Komsomol “Icebergs Above Us” and “Atomic Leave on Alarm” by the marine painter Anatoly Elkin, only the author in the book described Rozanov’s death in a completely different way, allegedly he passed by a warehouse with ammunition in which there was a fire, he tried to remove the shells, but did not have time to remove everything and died there.
The emergency alarm caught me in the 8th compartment, it was really the voice of assistant commander A.Ya. Leskov. In a matter of seconds, I found myself in the 4th compartment and reported to the CPU. That hour I heard the voice of V.V. Zaitsev, “Everyone should wear IDA and ISP.” The boat was about to ascend; the stormy sea immediately made itself felt: the boat began to rock longitudinally, that is, a pitching motion appeared.
At that moment I heard Leskov’s command to turn on the exhaust fan, which is installed in the 4th compartment, on the bow compartments. The sailors quickly followed the command and opened the valve between the 3rd and 4th compartments; when the fan was turned on, the smoke from the 2nd and 3rd compartments poured into the 4th compartment because the water had not yet had time to leave the wheelhouse.
Political officer, captain 2nd rank Zhilyaev L.A. was the first to climb onto the navigation bridge and took command of the ship because The commander of the submarine, Yu. F. Stepanov, broke his head when opening the conning hatch and lost consciousness, so at the same time we had three commanders at once: Zhilyaev, Leskov and Nekrasov, isn’t that a lot?
The survivability of the boat was commanded by V.V. Zaitsev; midshipman Lunya M. periodically put on a gas mask when he lost consciousness.
Literally in the first minute Leskov A.Ya. lost consciousness and, on a command from the PEZh, Nekrasov Yu.N. and I, the commander of the fourth compartment, Satrapinsky V.P., handed him over to me through the hatch of the third compartment. On my back I carried the tall, strong physique of Leskov A. to the eighth compartment and I didn’t see him again because... Until the end of the trip, I did not leave the fourth compartment, and A. Leskov lay in the 8th compartment before arriving at the base.
In the seventh compartment G.N. was constantly on duty. Borisov is my specialty mentor on this boat; most of the electricians died in the bow compartments. Our troubles did not end there; the high pressure air pipeline was damaged in the emergency compartments and therefore the fire resumed.
In the third compartment, wet blankets were placed on the bulkhead of the second compartment to somehow bring down the temperature. Literally before the fire V.V. Zaitsev reminded Mikhnin V., the foreman of the electrician team, to turn on the hydrogen afterburning furnaces and measure the density of the electrolyte, and he conscientiously completed this work and found himself captured in the compartment and was the last to report from the SPS post.
A day later we were met by ships and a rescuer, and our souls immediately felt lighter. True, we refused to be replaced by a reserve crew and insisted that the ships move to a safe distance from us.
Admiral V.L. Zarembovsky arrived in my compartment. , he was all wet, I took out a set of diving underwear and he changed into dry clothes. Vladislav Leonidovich was highly respected by many officers. He was a true erudite, knowledgeable about politics, art, music, and was in excellent athletic shape.
He addressed the officers politely, knew even the lieutenants by name and patronymic, and if he noticed any mistakes, he first told them how to do it, and this was more impressive than punishment. The presence of Divisional Commander Ignatov, Zarembovsky and Zaitsev gave us confidence in the successful outcome of this struggle to preserve the submarine and our lives.
In his speeches, A. Leskov often mentions that the crew was a national team, but this was true, instead of assistant commander Gorev, who was seconded to another submarine, Leskov came two days before the trip, Tolya Maler was also sent in place of the departed one to a basketball competition group commander.
After graduating from the School, I was sent to the Northern Fleet, first appointed commander of an ENG submarine, then transferred to commander of an ETG in my specialty on another boat, but from the beginning of December 1966 I was sent to serve on the Leninsky Komsomol.
The sea people didn’t pay me, although the company had the boat. They paid only for actual trips to sea; this was beneficial to the financiers, and there were quite a few such officers.
At the commission after this accident, they asked me what I would like in the future, and I asked to serve where I am on staff, to provide housing so that I could bring my family to the north.
I was transferred to another boat, where V.P. was the deputy commander for political affairs. Nekrasov was later a member of the Military Council of the Black Sea Fleet, vice admiral. I went to another autonomous station, but everything remained the same.
There was an unspoken order from the K-3 crew not to send them to autonomous units, but I insisted on my own and they allowed me. Frankly speaking, the trip was stressful for me; even in my sleep, I automatically felt all the changes in course and the depth of the submarine’s dive, so that I would be ready to instantly be at the combat post.
Our commander Stepanov Yu.F. when I arrived at K-3 after repairs, I lost consciousness in the second compartment, I remember that smell of burnt meat, even fresh paint couldn’t overcome it.
Many years later, I met Captain 1st Rank Yu.F. Stepanov in Sevastopol. We froze for a moment, then hugged brotherly, although we didn’t have time to say much, I was rushing to the ship to go to sea for a test.
We met with V.V. Zaitsev in Nikolaev and Moscow, and have maintained friendship to this day. In Nikolaev, I worked on the SS rescue ships “Alagez and Elbrus”.
Unfortunately, these unique rescuers of nuclear submarines, with a powerful lifting system of retractable trusses, and unique underwater vehicles capable of descending to depths of up to 4000 meters, turned into a pile of metal in the nineties. Like the Berezina and many other ships and submarines.
In conclusion, I want to say that if anyone deserves the title of hero from the crew of the Lenin Komsomol who saved the boat, it is: V.V. Zaitsev, Yu.F. Stepanov, A. Maler, L. Kamorkin.
V.P. Satrapinsky, commander of the ETG nuclear submarine K-3 "Leninsky Komsomol" 1966 - 1967
MEMORY
Forgive us for forgetting your faces,
For the fleet that we loved,
Standing forever at the entrance to our Face
You who have not returned from the northern depths.
According to seniority in the ranks, they froze in gold:
Gorshkov, Kamorkin. Ganin and Smirnov
And the names of others who have not been forgotten
In the houses of my father's, Russian cities.
In houses where memory is like an icon in the corners,
Over the years, they became the prototype of the saints,
And life goes by a merciless law
They sent us young people to replace us
And again the movie "Ballet Star"
Curly-haired lieutenant sitting under the table
He looks at the screen like he did as a child without a ticket,
We looked into the distant past.
I was sitting there on that fateful date,
Not yet knowing that after only an hour,
To everyone sitting here like soldiers,
You'll have to give your life to save us.
You didn't have to hear the sound of sobs,
And a woman's cry among the gloomy rocks
The eyes of relatives, gravestone suffering,
And the voice of the son who was looking for his father.
He didn’t find it, but still not believing,
I tried to look into the submarine's hatch,
He said that dad was there behind the door,
You help me get him back.
He promised, he gave a man's word,
As soon as we return, we’ll go to the Urals,
But someone is inappropriate and harsh
He suddenly said: “The boatswain declare an emergency.”
Years have passed, the edges of pain have become equal,
But I can’t get rid of the memory,
When at that moment, against our will,
Made the BC-5 come true.
We heard on loudspeaker
Calm voice: Everyone put on IDA,”
And from the second with lava burning,
Trouble was approaching us at the central post.
And maybe those calm words were enough
He helped us overcome our fear,
Hope has come and strength has returned,
And durability in such a short time.
I was ready to rush into the heat of battle,
The unstoppable gait of the sea.
To be with Mahler Tolya,
Becoming a powerful flooding river.
So that you come out of the fire cheerful,
But the commander did not fall into oblivion in the fire,
So that mothers would not shed tears in the villages,
And they were sad and had no place to live.
So that there would be a thunderstorm over the planet on a summer evening,
They gave moisture to the golden fields,
What would men colorful roses
They gave it to wives, sisters, mothers.
List of personnel of the submarine “K-3” who died on September 8, 1967.
captain 2nd rank Gorshkov Sergey Fedorovich
Captain 3rd Rank Komorkin Lev Fedorovich
Lieutenant Petrechenko Alexander Ivanovich
Captain-Lieutenant Smirnov Valentin Nikolaevich
Captain-Lieutenant Ganin Gennady Ivanovich
Captain-Lieutenant Malyar Anatoly Alekseevich
Lieutenant Gurin Viktor Mikhailovich
midshipman Butorin Alexey Alekseevich
senior sailor Lavrushkin Vladimir Petrovich
sailor Romanov Vladimir Nikolaevich
Midshipman Musatov Vladimir Ivanovich
foreman 2 articles Taranov Vladimir Georgievich
foreman 2 articles Puzevich Konstantin Nikolaevich
senior sailor Rozanov Valery Nikolaevich
sailor Osipchuk Alexander Stepanovich
foreman 2 articles Kislovsky Gennady Ivanovich
sailor Vorobiev Alexander Vasilievich
senior sailor Vigerin Igor Vasilievich
sailor Bogachev Vladimir Mikhailovich
Chief Petty Officer Mikhnin Vladimir Yakovlevich
foreman 2 articles Ivanov Anatoly Ivanovich
sailor Garagonich Yuri Ivanovich
senior sailor Taraban Viktor Ivanovich
foreman 2 articles Yuzefovich Petr Iosifovich
sailor Yaroshevich Vladimir Nikolaevich
foreman 2 articles Guryev Nikolai Nikolaevich
foreman 2 articles Gaidei Sergei Nikitovich
sailor Gaivas Arkady Konstantinovich
sailor Klimenchuk Vladimir Nikolaevich
sailor Pastalatiy Viktor Fedorovich
sailor Korovin Alexander Vasilievich
sailor Kuzmitsky Viktor Anatolyevich
sailor Nikolai Petrovich Sobolev
sailor Boglaev Sergei Fedorovich
foreman 2 articles Romantsov Boris Mitrofanovich
sailor Kutepov Anatoly Alexandrovich
foreman 2 articles Slugin Mikhail Ivanovich
foreman 2 articles Bogachev Nikolai Mikhailovich
foreman 2 articles Zatsepin Nikolai Mikhailovich
Eternal glory to the submarine heroes!
Reviews
Yuri Ivanovich, by chance I came across your story-memory about “K-3” on the Internet.
It seemed to me that I had already seen and read it in the list of your works. But my review was not underneath it. How this could be, I don’t know. So I read it again and here’s what I’ll say.
The story is amazing. Told as if you were there. The details of the underwater service, everything connected with it, appear before your eyes.
As for the accident at K-3 with catastrophic consequences. Let me say a few words from the point of view of the commander of a nuclear submarine and cruiser with 11 years of experience (from the point of view of a mechanical engineer, you have an advantage).
Main:
1. If a fire breaks out on a submarine in its waters, you should immediately surface and fight for survivability on the surface. This is clear to any submarine commander.
When on combat duty far from your own waters, the first thing you should do is determine the extent of the fire and, if possible, try to deal with it without surfacing.
2. But if the fire is large and it is already clear that it is impossible to do without ventilation of the compartments into the atmosphere, one should float up (in compliance with all safety measures) immediately. Judging by the story, commander Stepanov did not make such a decision. But he accepted something else.
3. You know very well that in case of any fire in the compartment, it is sealed. Any communication with adjacent compartments until the fire or combustion has been completely extinguished is strictly unacceptable. That’s why I was surprised by your words: “In order to prevent an explosion, (BZO of torpedoes, -A.Kh.), the submarine commander makes the only right decision: “Equalize the pressure with the emergency compartments!”
I have not heard that the TNT explosion is affected by temperature (you can use it to light a stove), and, moreover, by pressure. But even if this is so, then the pressure in the compartment can be equalized with the outboard one in other ways, including the one used by the commander of the warhead-5 to flood the 1st edema. There are others too.
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