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Types of proposals for the presence of secondary members Russian language lesson in 5th grade according to the program of S.I. Lvova. Compiled by I.V. Gavrilyuk, teacher of Russian language and literature.
Orthoepic warm-up. Sorrel, blinds, call, drivers, more beautiful, cakes, beets, on purpose, tools.
Checking homework. “Snowball” What are the main parts of the sentence? What questions does the subject answer? What questions does the predicate answer? How is the subject expressed in the letter? How is the predicate expressed in the letter?
Write down the sentence stems. 1. A squirrel flashed between the tree trunks. 2. There is silence all around. 3. The spider clings to the crystal cobweb and flies.
Check: A squirrel flashed by. There is silence. The spider clings and flies.
Topic: Types of proposals for the presence of secondary members.
Goal: The ability to distinguish sentences by the presence of minor members.
Schoolchildren are singing. 2. Silence. 3. Girls and boys dance and sing. Schoolchildren sing their favorite songs. 2. Unusual silence. 3. Girls and boys dance and sing folk songs.
Remember: Sentences that consist only of main members are called non-extended. Sentences that have, in addition to the main members, at least one minor one are called common.
Share suggestions. Morning has come. The stars are going out. The sun is rising. 4 . Fog is spreading.
Make sentences from the words. the days will come, Soon, the cold ones will leave, birds, places, Migratory, relatives. 3. The first frosts will begin.
Cold days will come soon. Migratory birds are leaving their native places. The first frosts will begin.
Cold days will come soon. The first frosts will begin. Migratory birds are leaving their native places.
Write down and underline the stems of the sentences. The grass is fading. The huts are dozing. The groves flared up in the distance. The cranes ran along the invisible rope. The day is fading. Soon the stars will fall with quiet light to the bottom of the river. I say goodbye to the warm summer without sadness and melancholy.
The grass is fading. The huts are dozing. The groves burst into flames in the distance. The cranes ran along an invisible rope. The day is fading. Soon the stars will fall with quiet light to the bottom of the river. I say goodbye to the warm summer without sadness and longing.
Homework. Page 151(rule) Exercise 411 or 410.
Thank you for your attention!
On the topic: methodological developments, presentations and notes
Municipal budgetary educational institution "Ukhmanskaya secondary school" of the Kanash region of the Chuvash Republic Methodological development of...
Technological map of a lesson in the Russian language in grade 5 “a” of the Federal State Educational Standard “Types of proposals for the presence and absence of secondary members”
Technological map of a lesson in the Russian language in grade 5 “a” “Types of proposals on the presence and absence of secondary members” of the Federal State Educational Standard. ...
Types of simple sentences based on the presence of main members.
Based on the presence of main members, simple sentences are divided into two-part and one-part. The grammatical basis of two-part simple sentences consists of two main members - the subject and the predicate.
IN two-part In simple sentences, the predicate is usually found after the subject. U one-piece simple sentences, the grammatical basis consists of one main member - the subject or predicate. Depending on this, they are nominative and verbal. Denominative sentences are one-part sentences in which the main member is the subject. These sentences report about some object, phenomenon, which is stated to exist in the present. Nominal sentences are most often used in journalistic and artistic styles, in colloquial speech.
In verbal one-part simple sentences, the main member is the predicate. Verbal one-part sentences are divided into types depending on the form of the predicate.
Definitely personal are called sentences with a predicate-verb in the form of the 1st or 2nd person. In definite personal sentences, the predicate cannot be expressed by a verb in the 3rd person singular form. and in past tense: this person is not specific, but in past tense. does not point to the face at all.
IN vaguely personal In sentences, the verb-predicate is expressed by 3rd person plural forms. in the present and bud. vr. and in plural form. in the past
Generalized-personal sentences indicate a generalized person. This is usually the second person. The action in these sentences can be attributed to any person, to a group of people, therefore, proverbs often appear in the form of such sentences.
Impersonal offers- these are one-part sentences with predicates, in which there is not and cannot be a subject. The predicate in impersonal sentences is usually expressed by impersonal verbs, but they often use finite verbs in the meaning of impersonal ones.
Types of simple sentences based on the presence or absence of minor members.
Based on the presence (or absence) of minor members of the sentence, simple sentences - two-part and one-part - are divided into common and non-common. Undistributed simple sentences contain only main members. Common simple sentences contain secondary members.
Types of simple sentences based on the presence or absence of the necessary members of the sentence.
Based on the presence or absence of the necessary sentence members, simple sentences are divided into complete and incomplete.
Complete simple sentences are sentences in which all members of the sentence are present.
Incomplete simple sentences are those in which any member is missing - main or secondary, but is easily restored in meaning.
In scientific speech, narrative sentences are the most common. Sentences with an omitted subject are not common. In scientific speech, the part of the sentence that contains the main message should not precede the part that contains the subject of the message. The generalized abstract nature of scientific speech and the timeless plan for presenting the material determine the use of certain types of syntactic constructions: vaguely personal, generalized personal and impersonal sentences. The character in them is absent or is thought of in a generalized, vague way; all attention is focused on the action and its circumstances.
Among simple sentences, a construction with a large number of dependent, sequentially strung nouns in the gender form is widespread. Such a construction, characterized by compactness and logical clarity, is due to the nominative nature of the scientific style, i.e. highlighting the name and weakening the semantic role of the verb.
- When synonymizing two-part and one-part sentences, the two-part sentence is chosen when it is necessary to concentrate attention on the subject.
- Synonymy is also possible between varieties of one-part sentences, in particular between infinitive and generalized personal ones.
- Sometimes it is possible to choose from more than two structural synonyms. In particular, some two-part sentences (with a transitive predicate verb) can be given in the active and passive voice variant and have an option in the form of a one-part sentence.
- Synonymy is possible between declarative and some types of simple interrogative sentences.
Groups of sentences based on the presence of minor members of the sentence
View document contents
"Suggestions for having minor members"
Uncommon and common offers
Russian language
5th grade
Municipal educational institution "Ground school in the village of Klyuchi"
Kolycheva
Hope
Konstantinovna.
Which sentence contains more information?
- Schoolchildren are singing.
- Schoolchildren sing their favorite songs.
Based on the presence of minor members, sentences are divided into
- COMMON
The autumn sun is shining brightly.
- UNCOVERED
The sun is shining.
Let's write down these proposals and give a full description of each.
- Narrative Interrogative Incentive
- Narrative
- Interrogative
- Incentive
According to the purpose of the statement:
By intonation:
- Exclamation Non-exclamation
- Exclamation marks
- Non-exclamation
By the presence of minor members:
- Common Uncommon
- Common
- Undistributed
Behind (what?) field, behind (what?) forest, behind (what) road there is (what?) city. The houses in it are made of (what?). Roofs (what kind?). On (which?) towers are weathercocks spinning. All (which?) residents (how? in what way?) are polite (to whom?). Even dogs are embarrassed here (how?) to bark, and puppies hold out (what?) (to whom?). (From the fairy tale “The ABC of Politeness” by Lyudmila Vasilyeva - Gangnus)
Group work
- Behind (which?) field, behind (which?) forest, behind (Which?) dear there is (Which?) city. The houses there are made of (what?). Roofs (which?). On (which ones?) weathercocks spin in the towers. All (which?) residents (how? in what way?) polite (with whom?). Even dogs are shy here (How?) bark, and the puppies stretch out (what?) (to whom?).
(From the fairy tale “The ABC of Politeness” by Lyudmila Vasilyeva - Gangnus)
- Behind an open field, behind a dense forest, behind a long road there is a fairy-tale city. The houses there are made of chocolate. The roofs are like candy. Weathercocks spin on gingerbread towers. All city residents are fabulously polite to strangers. Even dogs are embarrassed to bark loudly here, and puppies extend their paws to passers-by.
Vocabulary work
- Weathercocks - rotating from the wind.
Have a nice day! Thank you for the lesson!
Based on the presence of main members, simple sentences are divided into two-part and one-part.
The grammatical basis of two-part simple sentences consists of two main members - the subject and the predicate, for example: The white birch tree under my window was covered with snow like silver(S. Yesenin).
IN two-part simple sentences the predicate is usually found after the subject: The endless road runs like a ribbon into the distance(S. Yesenin).
Note. Often, the subject or words of the subject may be interspersed with words of the predicate: The foam grewthe dawn is misty, as ifdepth bride's eyes(S. Yesenin).
This should be taken into account when parsing a simple two-part sentence by members and when naming phrases in such a sentence.
U one-part simple sentences the grammatical basis consists of one main member - the subject or predicate. Depending on this, they are nominative and verbal.
Nominal- these are one-part sentences in which the main member is the subject. These sentences report about some object or phenomenon that is stated to exist in the present, for example: Winter!.. The peasant, triumphant, renews the path on the logs(A. Pushkin).
Nominal sentences are pronounced with the intonation of a message.
Nominal sentences are most often used in journalistic and artistic styles, in colloquial speech.
In verbal one-part simple sentences, the main member is the predicate. Verbal one-part sentences are divided into types depending on the form of the predicate.
Definitely personal are called sentences with a predicate - a verb in the form of the 1st or 2nd person: Greetings, deserted corner!(A. Pushkin).
Notes 1. In definite-personal sentences, the predicate cannot be expressed by a verb in the form of the 3rd person singular and in the past tense: this person is not definite, and the past tense does not indicate a person at all.
2. Definitely personal sentences are synonymous in meaning to two-part sentences, so they are often used to avoid repetition of the same word.
IN vaguely personal In sentences, the verb-predicate is expressed in the 3rd person plural form in the present and future tense and in the plural form in the past tense: They were mowing across the river. From there came the smell of freshly cut grass.
Generalized-personal sentences indicate a generalized person. This is usually the 2nd person. The action in these sentences can be attributed to any person, to a group of people, therefore, proverbs often appear in the form of such sentences, for example: What goes around comes around.
The 3rd person plural form can also have a generalized meaning: Legs stretch across clothes(proverb).
Impersonal sentences are one-part sentences with a predicate, in which there is not and cannot be a subject, for example: Chills in the morning. It's getting dark quickly
The predicate in impersonal sentences is usually expressed by impersonal verbs, but they often use finite verbs in the meaning of impersonal ones: The roof was blown away by the storm.
Verbs in the indefinite form, as well as adverbs in -o(-e), For example: You won't be able to catch up with the crazy three!(N. Nekrasov); It's fun to live in such a land!(M. Lermontov).
Practical work No. 5
Underline the main parts of the sentence. Specify the type of offers.
Sample: Strong wind, (called) I lie to myself and think, (o/l) They talked about music, (n/l)
May afternoon. (........................) Stomping and snorting. (...................)
Here is a meeting of the nobility and an entrance with a doorman. (........................................................)
Tell me something funny. (........................................)
Be careful and always be afraid of fire and water. (........................................................)
Best wishes. (.................................)
The newspapers scold him very much. (........................................)
The bells rang in other churches as well. (......................................)
This question cannot be answered immediately. (.........................................)
The rain was no longer heard. (........................................)
He felt ashamed of humanity. (......................................)
It was a little dawning. (....)
It smelled like winter. (.............................)
I was already bored with arguing and wanted to sleep. (............................................)
Determine the type of one-part sentence
1) I see wonderful freedom. (Song.) 2) Let's protect the world! (Song.) 3) Inhale the fresh and young warmth and gold of spring. (Song.) 4) Accustom yourself to restraint and patience. (I.P.) 5) Learn to do the dirty work in science. (I.P.) 6) Study, compare, accumulate facts. (I.P.) 7) Would you like some tea? (M.G.) 8) Light a match. (M.G.) 9. I’ll fall asleep with my native Russian paintings and see you in my dreams (EU). 10. He was buried in the globe (Orlov). 11. The river spilled onto the clayey bank and rushed somewhere. 12. The sky is above the yard! Beautiful, blue, bottomless! 13.. It’s light outside, and you can see right through the garden. 14. I love the vast sea, the glow of winter nights (Beech.).
3. Determine what kind of sentences these are based on the presence of a grammatical basis.
1. Expecting an unpleasant conversation, I timidly entered the room. 2. The sky was starting to turn gray. 3. Clean walls covered with wood. 4. In the morning they brought the newspaper "AiF" 5. Having received a telegram, they went to the station. 4. It smelled of lovely lilies of the valley. 5.. I will listen to the quiet music of my favorite singer. 6. They announced boarding of the Tu-134 plane. 7. Small woods. Steppe and distanced, the light of the moon in all directions (EU). 8. It’s easy to breathe in the pine forest. 9. I don’t regret, I don’t call, I don’t cry (EU). 10. How painful, dear, how strange... (A. Kochetkov). 11. The autumn day rustled with brittle leaves. 12. We asked people we met for directions to the museum.
TYPES OF PROPOSAL BY THE PRESENCE OR ABSENCE OF SECONDARY MEMBERS
Based on the presence (or absence) of minor members of the sentence, simple sentences - two-part and one-part - are divided into uncommon and common.
Undistributed simple sentences contain only main members. For example: Cannonballs are rolling, bullets are whistling...(A. Pushkin); It's getting dark. Night.
Common simple sentences contain secondary members: Boring picture!(A. Pleshcheev); The moon shines merrily over the village(I. Nikitin); The blue sky opened between the clouds on an April day(I. Bunin).
Note. One-part sentences in which there are minor members are not uncommon.
SECONDARY MEMBERS OF THE SENTENCE
Members of a sentence that explain the main or other members of a sentence are called secondary, for example: 1) A little bustard fluttered up near the road(A. Chekhov) - main members the little bustard fluttered; minor members explaining the main members: fluttered up(Where?) right next to the road. 2) The full moon floated across the clear cloudless sky(V. Arsenyev) - minor members of the sentence clear And cloudless explain the minor part of the sentence sky: (floated) across the sky(which one?) clear, cloudless.
According to grammatical meanings, minor members are divided into the following types:
Addition- this is a minor member of a sentence that answers questions of indirect cases and denotes a person, object, concept or phenomenon.
Ways to express complement
A complement can also be expressed by indivisible phrases involving nouns in the indirect case, for example: I'll go on vacation to father and mother. The steamboat leads from Nizhny from the fair to Astrakhan four barges (M. Gorky).
The addition, as a dependent word in a phrase, is associated with the main one using control or connection.
Complement Meanings
Add-ons there are direct and indirect.
Direct objects refer to transitive verbs (i.e. verbs combined with a noun in the accusative case) and indicate the object to which the action is directed, for example: I caught it today(whom?) fish(A. Pushkin). Direct objects are expressed in the accusative case without a preposition or, less commonly, in the genitive case.
The genitive case of the direct object is used: 1) if it is necessary to show that the action is not directed to the entire object, but only to its part: I drank some water(some part of the water).- I drank water(all the water that was there); 2) in some cases with a negative predicate: I remember this movie well.- I don't remember this movie; 3) with some verbs: Be afraid of the dark.
All other additions are called indirect.
Practical work No. 6
Based on the presence of main members, simple sentences are divided into two-part And one-piece.
In two-part sentences the grammatical basis consists of two main members - the subject and the predicate: A birch tree grows under the window.
For one-part sentences the grammatical basis consists of one main member - the subject or predicate.
Depending on which main member makes up the grammatical basis, one-part sentences are divided into nominal And verbal.
Nominal- These are one-part sentences that have one main member - the subject. For example: Spring. Early morning. Dawn.
In denominative sentences, some object or phenomenon is reported and it is stated that this object exists in the present tense.
In verbal one-part sentences, one main member is the predicate.
Depending on the form of the predicate, verbal one-part sentences are divided into personal and impersonal.
Impersonal offers- these are one-part sentences with a predicate in which there is not and cannot be a subject. For example: It's getting dark. Me chills.
The predicate in impersonal sentences is usually expressed by impersonal verbs (evening) but personal verbs can often be used to mean impersonal.
In addition, the predicate in an impersonal sentence can be expressed
ü infinitive: Can't catch up give it to you!
ü adverb: Chilly Today.
ü a combination of an infinitive and an adverb: How funny was live!
ü verb be(meaning to have) or the word “no”: Works was a lot of. At all No work.
in words it's time, laziness, sin etc. often in combination with the infinitive: It's time on the road. Laziness even move.
The predicate in verbal sentences can be compound and have different forms: It was starting to get dark. It started to get colder. To me sleepy. Was Very Cold. It was a pity to leave etc.
Personal offers are divided into definitely personal, indefinitely personal and generalized personal.
Definitely personal proposals- these are sentences with one main member (predicate), in which the agent, although not named, is implied that he exists, and can be easily determined by the form of the predicate.
The predicate is expressed by a 1st or 2nd person verb. For example: "I love the storm in early May"(F. Tyutchev). You can easily reconstruct the face from the form of the verb: I love thunderstorms. Such sentences are synonymous with two-part sentences in which the subject is expressed by a pronoun. Definite personal clauses are used to avoid unnecessary repetition of personal pronouns.
Vaguely personal proposals- these are sentences with one main member (predicate), in which the action refers to undetermined persons. The predicate is expressed by a verb in the 3rd person plural form. For example: "To someone brought from the master casket"(I. Krylov). The predicate has an indefinite personal meaning: it is not known who brought it, or the person does not matter, but only the action is important.
Generalized-personal proposals– these are sentences with one main member (predicate), which applies to all persons in general. The predicate is expressed by a verb in the 2nd person singular form. For example: "Easily you can't take it out fish from the pond."(The predicate has a generalized personal meaning, that is, the action applies to any person.) Such sentences are often used in proverbs and sayings or when conveying memories and observations: You'll make it to the river and how you'll rush in water!