The meaning of PILLAR NOBLEMS in the Modern Explanatory Dictionary, TSB
PILLAR NOBLEMS
in Russia, hereditary nobles of noble families, listed in the 16-17 centuries. in the columns are genealogical books, in contrast to nobles of later origin.
TSB. Modern explanatory dictionary, TSB. 2003
See also interpretations, synonyms, meanings of the word and what PILLAR NOBLETS are in Russian in dictionaries, encyclopedias and reference books:
- PILLAR NOBLEMS in the Big Encyclopedic Dictionary:
in Russia, hereditary nobles of noble families, listed in the 16-17 centuries. in the columns are genealogical books, unlike the nobles more... - NOBLEMS
see Nobility... - PILLAR in the Big Russian Encyclopedic Dictionary:
PILLAR NOBLEMS, descendants in Russia. noblemen of noble families, listed in the 16th and 17th centuries. in columns - genealogical books, unlike ... - NOBLEMS in the Large Modern Explanatory Dictionary of the Russian Language:
pl. Persons belonging to the nobility and having a title of nobility received by ... - DAURS in the Orthodox Encyclopedia Tree:
Open Orthodox encyclopedia "TREE". Daurs, Dahurs, Dagurs, people in China. They live on the right bank of the river. Nonny, to the east. ... - CHARLES IX in the Directory of Characters and Cult Objects of Greek Mythology:
- CHARLES IX in biographies of Monarchs:
King of France from the Valois family, who reigned from 1560 to 1574. Son of Henry II and Catherine de Medici. J.: November 26, 1570 ... - RUSSIA, SECTION MOSCOW STATE XVI - XVII CENTURIES in the Brief Biographical Encyclopedia:
The successes of collective activity significantly modified the political role of the Moscow princes, turning them from appanage fiefdoms into representatives of the national interests of the Great Russian people. ... - YOKAI in the Literary Encyclopedia:
The Moor is a Hungarian novelist. His father, who belonged to the official nobility, was a lawyer in Komorna, one of the centers of the then grain industry... - SLAVS in the Great Soviet Encyclopedia, TSB:
the largest group of peoples in Europe, united by the proximity of languages (see Slavic languages) and common origin. The total number of glory. peoples on... - RUSSIAN SOVIET FEDERAL SOCIALIST REPUBLIC, RSFSR in the Great Soviet Encyclopedia, TSB.
- Przeworsk culture in the Great Soviet Encyclopedia, TSB:
culture, archaeological culture, widespread in Poland and adjacent regions of the Ukrainian SSR since the end of the 2nd century. BC e. ... - POMORIC CULTURE in the Great Soviet Encyclopedia, TSB:
culture, archaeological culture 6-2 centuries. BC e. on the territory of Poland and adjacent regions of Belarus and Ukraine. ... - UNDERGROUND MINING in the Great Soviet Encyclopedia, TSB:
development of solid minerals, a set of works on opening, preparing a deposit and extracting minerals (ores, non-metallic minerals and coals). ... - DUTCH BOURGEOIS REVOLUTION OF THE 16TH CENTURY in the Great Soviet Encyclopedia, TSB:
bourgeois revolution of the 16th century, bourgeois revolution of 1566-1609 in the historical Netherlands, which combined a national liberation war against absolutist Spain with an anti-feudal struggle. IN … - LENDYEL CULTURE in the Great Soviet Encyclopedia, TSB:
culture, archaeological culture of the Chalcolithic era (2600-2100 BC). Named after a settlement and burial ground in the Lengyel community in ... - HALLSTAT CULTURE in the Great Soviet Encyclopedia, TSB:
culture, archaeological culture of the tribes of the southern part of Central Europe during the early Iron Age (approximately 900-400 BC). Named... - VINCA in the Great Soviet Encyclopedia, TSB:
Neolithic culture (late 5th - 4th millennium BC) of the Balkan Peninsula. Distributed mainly in the valleys of the river. Vardar and... - CLASS MONARCHY
and class representative institutions. — In the theoretical, state-legal meaning, a monarchy can be called a governmental organization in which the power of the sovereign... - COLD SALT
- RUSSIA. LAND OWNERSHIP IN RUSSIA in the Encyclopedic Dictionary of Brockhaus and Euphron:
(addition to the article) Since the appearance of the article by Prof. Karysheva acc. article in the Enz. Dictionary, information about land ownership in Russia was subject to insignificant ... - PSKOV PROVINCE in the Encyclopedic Dictionary of Brockhaus and Euphron:
I belongs to the so-called lakeside region of European Russia and is located in the north-west of the latter. P. province occupies an area of 38846.5 ... - ORDERS, INSTITUTIONS in the Encyclopedic Dictionary of Brockhaus and Euphron.
- BALTIC REGION in the Encyclopedic Dictionary of Brockhaus and Euphron:
(Baltic Sea region) - consists of 8 provinces: Courland, Livonia and Estland. Although this region has not been a special place since 1876... - ESTATE in the Encyclopedic Dictionary of Brockhaus and Euphron:
(in Russian history) - P. was the name given to real estate given by the state for use as a salary for service. The origin of P. is in ... - PATRIARAL DOMAINS IN RUSSIA in the Encyclopedic Dictionary of Brockhaus and Euphron:
- HORSE DRIVE in the Encyclopedic Dictionary of Brockhaus and Euphron.
- NOBILITY in the Encyclopedic Dictionary of Brockhaus and Euphron:
I, as the highest ruling class in Russia, arose on the basis of public service. Since in ancient times the civil service was nothing... - YARD PEOPLE in the Encyclopedic Dictionary of Brockhaus and Euphron:
I persons who in ancient Rus' made up the court staff of Russian princes, great and appanage, greatly expanded under the Moscow Grand Duke and... - GOVERNMENT OFFICERS in the Encyclopedic Dictionary of Brockhaus and Euphron:
By the name G. ranks we mean either generally independent political elements (rank = ordo, status), mainly of the old Western European class... - CITY, CONCEPT in the Encyclopedic Dictionary of Brockhaus and Euphron:
I (Urbs, Burg, Wick or Weich, Stadt, City, Cit?) - this word from ancient times meant a settlement artificially fortified with a fence or rampart... - MILITARY SERVICE in the Encyclopedic Dictionary of Brockhaus and Euphron:
The duty to personally defend one’s homeland has existed at all times and in all states, although its very fulfillment was subject to various fluctuations... - FINLAND*
- COLD SALT* in the Encyclopedia of Brockhaus and Efron.
- SAINT PETERSBURG, CAPITAL OF RUSSIA* in the Encyclopedia of Brockhaus and Efron.
- BALTIC REGION*
(Baltic Sea region) ? consists of 8 provinces: Courland, Livonia and Estland. Although this region has not been a special place since 1876... - PORTUGAL in the Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedia:
[Map P. ? see map of Spain.] ? kingdom in Europe. Occupies the western part of the Iberian Peninsula, between 36¦59" - 42¦8" north. lat. ... - PATRIARAL DOMAINS IN RUSSIA in the Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedia:
Since the Russian patriarch replaced the metropolitan, all means of supporting the latter were transferred to him, including... - MOBILIZATION OF LAND PROPERTY in the Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedia:
? is the process of transfer of land ownership from one person to another on the basis of such a system of land relations in which alienation, ...
Today we’ll talk about nobles as a class. The reason was a discussion with my friend rainhard_15 . http://rainhard-15.livejournal.com/113708.html
And it all started with the fact that diksio She mentioned that her grandmother was a noblewoman. And maybe no one would have doubted the veracity of her words if not for a small addition. Here's that same comment: “My grandmother was born in Siberia... in Nerchinsk. Pillar noblewoman."
The owner of the magazine at first politely remained silent, I chuckled, but, looking at the light prof_y , did not remain silent: “The pillar noblewomen couldn’t have been there. But for those who have lost their rights, please.”
diksio
she began to persist and insist: “What do you mean it couldn’t? I was born there, then we moved.”So, why couldn’t there be pillar nobles in Nerchinsk, but only those who were deprived of their rights, who no longer had any rights to be called canteens, no matter how much they wanted it.
First, let’s understand who these pillar nobles are and what they are. And these, in pre-revolutionary Russia, were representatives of noble families who belonged to the ancient hereditary noble families. The name comes from the so-called Columns - medieval lists granting representatives of the service class estates for the duration of their service, which were compiled before 1685
But, if anyone reading this text saw their last name on this list, this does not mean at all that you belong to this noble family. For a number of reasons, from the fact that many serfs were recorded at emancipation under the surname of their former owners to the fact that a noble family (received nobility for length of service or for some merit) could bear the same surname and were completely unrelated with her are simple namesakes. The same is with titles - individual branches of a particular family sometimes received a title from the monarch and began a new, titled branch, while the remaining branches remained “just” nobles. Thus, there were, for example, Putyatin princes, Putyatin counts, Putyatin nobles (and Putyatins who did not have nobility at all), and there are a lot of such examples. Consequently, without careful and serious genealogical searches based on documents, you do not have to “automatically” attribute yourself to one or another famous noble family, even if your last name is Golitsyn or Obolensky.
Yes, the nobles were divided into pillar, personal, hereditary, and untitled. For those who are interested, Google will help, because if I am also distracted by explanations about the rest of the nobility, then there will be even more boobf.
You also need to remember that in Russian tradition, surnames, nobility and titles were passed down exclusively through the male line. Also excluded from inheritance until 1917 were the so-called “illegitimate” (illegitimate or adulterous) children, although many of them, especially the children of representatives of the royal family or the highest nobility, received a different surname and nobility. There are many examples of this, for example the Bobrinsky counts, whose ancestor was the illegitimate son of Catherine II. Adopted children sometimes received nobility at the request of their parents, by “The Highest Permission.” Considering that since the last century, especially after the Second World War, many children were born out of wedlock and received the mother's surname, a large number of today's Russians who bear noble surnames and actually have nobles among their ancestors are not nobles from a pre-revolutionary point of view, let alone that legally the very concept of nobility in Russia has not existed since October 1917. Honestly, diksio , I’m embarrassed to explain this to a lawyer...
By the way, the full name of the modern Russian Assembly of Nobility sounds like “The Union of Descendants of the Russian Nobility - the Russian Assembly of Nobility.” I think you feel the difference.
Now let's move on to the question: why there could not be pillar nobles in Nerchinsk.
What is Nerchinsk like? This is a city, the administrative center of the Nerchinsky district of the Trans-Baikal Territory. Founded in 1653 by the Cossacks of the centurion Pyotr Ivanovich Beketov under the name Nerchinsky fort. In the 19th and 20th centuries, Nerchinsk was a place of political hard labor and exile. Also, according to the Senate decree of May 20, 1763, women with syphilis who were engaged in prostitution were subject to exile to Nerchinsk after treatment.
The Nerchinsk penal servitude was a place where sentences for the most serious criminal offenses were served. The first lead-silver mine and Zerentui convict prison began operating in 1739 in the village of Gorny Zerentui. By the beginning of the 19th century, a system of prisons, mines, factories and other economic facilities had developed that belonged to the Cabinet of His Imperial Majesty and were managed by the Mining Department. Convicts were used for mining, in foundries, distilleries and salt factories, in construction and economic work. For example, during the 19th century, more than a million people visited this penal servitude.
A large number of participants in the Polish uprising of 1830-1831 served their sentences in Nerchinsk. and 1863-1864, Decembrist M.S. Lunin, Petrashevites, Nechaevites.... The list can be continued for a long time. And personally, I have never seen nobles sentenced to hard labor retain their rights. And I have to explain this to you too, diksio , as a lawyer, the law is awkward...
By the way, Pushkin has wonderful poems “My Genealogy”. The poet, by the way, himself a stalwart nobleman, lists in it the most common methods of obtaining hereditary nobility in his time:
I'm not an officer, not an assessor,
I am not a nobleman by cross,
Not an academician, not a professor;
I'm just a Russian tradesman.
*****
My grandfather did not sell pancakes (allusion to the Menshikovs),
Didn't wax the royal boots ( This is about Kutaisov, valet of Paul I),
Didn’t sing with the court sextons ( About the Razumovskys, whose ancestor, Alyosha Rozum, became Elizaveta Petrovna’s favorite after she noticed a handsome guy with a wonderful voice in the church choir),
I didn’t jump to princehood from crests ( Bezborodko),
And he was not a runaway soldier
Austrian powder squads (kick towards Kleinmichel and his
descendants);
So should I be an aristocrat?
I, thank God, am a tradesman.
The pillar noblewoman Daria Nikolaevna Saltykova, who will forever remain in people's memory as Saltychikha, can be called the first known serial killer in Russia. In the middle of the 18th century, this sophisticated sadist tortured to death several dozen (according to other estimates, more than a hundred) of her serfs, mainly young girls and women.
Unlike her bloody followers, Saltychikha mocked defenseless victims completely openly, without fear of punishment. She had influential patrons whom she paid generously to cover up her crimes.
Ivanova from a noble family
Ivanova is Saltychikha’s maiden name. Her father Nikolai Avtonomovich Ivanov was a pillar nobleman, and her grandfather once held a high post under Peter I. Daria Saltykova’s husband Gleb Alekseevich served as captain of the Life Guards Cavalry Regiment. The Saltykovs had two sons, Fedor and Nikolai.
It is noteworthy that Saltychikha, whom Empress Catherine II eventually imprisoned for life in a monastery dungeon for her atrocities, eventually outlived all members of her family - her husband and both sons.
Many historians believe that, most likely, it was after her husband’s funeral that the 26-year-old widow went crazy and began beating her servants to death.
Where and what did she do
Saltychikha had a house in Moscow on the corner of Bolshaya Lubyanka and Kuznetsky Most. Ironically, there are now buildings there that are under the jurisdiction of the FSB. Plus, after the death of her husband, the landowner inherited estates in a number of Russian provinces. Saltychikha owned a total of almost 600 serfs.
On the site of the estate where the sadist most often tortured her victims, there is now Trinity Park, not far from the Moscow Ring Road, in the Teply Stan area.
Before the master Gleb Alekseevich died, Daria Saltykova kept herself in control and was not noticed to have any particular tendency to assault. Moreover, Saltychikha was distinguished by her piety.
According to the testimony of the serfs, Saltychikha’s phase shift occurred approximately six months after her husband’s funeral. She began to beat her peasants, most often with logs and mostly women and young girls, for the slightest offense, finding fault with every little thing. Then, on the orders of the sadistic lady, the offender was flogged, often to death. Gradually, Saltychikha’s tortures became more and more sophisticated. Possessing remarkable strength, she tore out the hair of her victims, burned their ears with hair tongs, doused them with boiling water...
She wanted to kill the grandfather of the poet Fyodor Tyutchev
The grandfather of the famous Russian poet, land surveyor Nikolai Tyutchev, was the lover of this vixen. And then he decided to get rid of her and marry the girl he liked. Saltychikha ordered her serfs to set fire to the girl’s house, but they did not do this out of fear. Then the sadist sent peasant “killers” to kill the young Tyutchev couple. But instead of taking the sin on their souls, the serfs warned Tyutchev himself about the intentions of his former mistress.
Why did she go unpunished?
Saltychikha freely committed atrocities during the reign of three (!) royal persons - Elizaveta Petrovna, Peter III and Catherine II. They complained about her fanaticism to everyone, but the result of these appeals turned out to be disastrous only for the martyrs themselves - they were flogged and exiled to Siberia. Among the relatives of the representative of the high-ranking noble family Daria Saltykova were the Governor-General of Moscow and the Field Marshal. In addition, Saltychikha generously gave gifts to everyone on whom the decision on complaints against her depended.
Long investigation
In relation to the influential tormentor, it was necessary to show royal will, which is what Catherine II did when she ascended the throne. In 1762, she became acquainted with the complaints of the Saltychikha serfs Savely Martynov and Ermolai Ilyin, whose wives were killed by the landowner (Ilyin had three in a row), and considered it appropriate to begin a public trial of Daria Saltykova.
The Moscow College of Justice conducted the investigation for six years. They found out which of the officials Saltychikha bribed, and revealed many cases of dubious deaths of serfs. It was established that during Saltykova’s atrocities, the office of the Moscow civil governor, the police chief and the Detective Order received 21 complaints filed against the tormentor by peasants. All appeals were returned to the sadist, who then brutally dealt with their authors.
The arrested Saltychikha did not confess to anything, even under the threat of torture. The investigation and trial, which lasted three years, proved the “undoubted guilt” of Daria Saltykova, namely: the murder of 38 serfs. She was “remained under suspicion” over the deaths of 26 other people.
The Empress wrote the verdict personally
Throughout September 1768, Catherine II drew up a verdict regarding Saltychikha: she rewrote it several times. In October, the Empress sent a completed decree to the Senate, which described in detail both the punishment itself and the details of its implementation.
Saltychikha was deprived of her noble title. For an hour she had to stand on the scaffold, chained to a post, with a sign above her head that read: “Tormentor and murderer.” Until the end of her life, Daria Saltykova was imprisoned in an underground prison, without light and human communication. Saltychikha's accomplices were sent to hard labor.
Snarled and in captivity
At first, Saltychikha sat in the “penitential” cell of the Moscow Ivanovo Monastery. After 11 years, she was transferred to a stone annex with a window and the curious were allowed to communicate with the prisoner. According to eyewitnesses, Daria Saltykova remained an evil fury even in captivity: she swore at those staring, spat at them through the window and tried to reach them with a stick.
Saltychikha spent 33 years in prison. She was buried in the cemetery of the Donskoy Monastery, the grave has been preserved.
To the question what does a noblewoman mean? from Pushkin's fairy tales given by the author Yuri pozolotin the best answer is Pillar nobility - in pre-revolutionary Russia, representatives of noble families who belonged to the ancient hereditary noble families. The name comes from the so-called Columns - medieval lists granting representatives of the service class estates for the duration of their service. Subsequently, the estates became hereditary. In the 17th - early 18th centuries, the main documents for the annual recording of service people according to the Moscow list were boyar lists, which in 1667-1719. were kept in the form of books, repeating the purpose and structure of the boyar lists-columns. Since for truly ancient Russian noble families the main evidence of their antiquity was a mention in these columns, such nobles were called pillars.
In the 18th-19th centuries, the pillar nobles did not have any privileges over representatives of the new noble families (appeared as a result of the award of personal or hereditary nobility for special merits, for length of service, by rank, by order). Therefore, the antiquity of the family served exclusively as a source of pride for its representatives. In official documentation, a simple formulation was usually used: “from the nobles of such and such a province,” the same for both the old nobility and the new. The pillar nobility was quite numerous in the 18th-19th centuries.
The titled nobility (aristocracy) almost entirely consisted of new families (the award of the title for special merits, sometimes to former pillars, but untitled nobles), as well as Finnish, Polish, Georgian, Tatar, Ukrainian, Baltic, Alan (Ossetian), Armenian, Moldavian, Western European. The number of clans that were previously boyars and descended from Rurik, Gedemin, or from people from the Golden Horde was very small and was steadily declining (the clan was suppressed in the absence of male heirs). Among the ancient titled and untitled families that survived in the 18th-19th centuries are the Volkonskys, Vyazemskys, Kozlovskys, Gorchakovs, Dolgorukovs, Trubetskoys, Kropotkins, Lobanov-Rostovskys, Shakhovskys, Khovanskys, Fominskys, Travins, Scriabins and some others. They had no privileges over the new titled nobility.
ru.wikipedia.org › wiki/Stolbovoy_nobleman
“I don’t want to be a black peasant woman, I want to be a pillar noblewoman.” Having put these words into the old woman’s mouth, Pushkin did not indicate in which century she lived. But he very accurately outlined her character. She aimed at no more and no less... However, to understand this, you must first figure out who the black peasants are and who the pillar nobles are.
Black, or black-sown, peasants of the 15th-17th centuries who lived on “black” lands, that is, lands free from the landowner, were called. Of course, taxes had to be paid to the Moscow prince from these lands, but no nearby “master” stood over the peasant world. The black peasant remained personally a free man. He could move to the city and even enroll as a nobleman. This continued until the time of Peter the Great, when black peasants began to be called state peasants. Along with their old name, they also lost their former freedom.
The expression “pillar nobles” appeared about 100 years after the concept of “black peasants” disappeared. This happened at the beginning of the 19th century, during the lifetime of the author of “Golden Fish”.
By that time, a single title of nobility existed both for those who had recently advanced to the royal service and for representatives of ancient families. The last one was offensive. To distinguish themselves from the new nobility, they came up with the expression “pillar nobles.” Those whose ancestors were recorded in genealogical books - “columns” back in the 16th-17th centuries - were considered “stolbovs”. The aristocrats looked down on those whose noble family began no earlier than Peter the Great's time. So “black peasants” and “pillar nobles” are from different eras. When the first ones disappeared, the second ones had not yet appeared. It was impossible to choose between them. Therefore, the old woman took aim at a time jump. By attributing such a choice to his heroine, Pushkin showed how absurd an uncontrollable whirlwind of desires is.
Many words from old fairy tales cause modern children only bewilderment, and adults do not quite understand how to explain this or that concept. For example, what does “pillar noblewoman” mean from Pushkin’s fairy tales? Where did this word come from? Let's try to figure it out.
Nobility in Rus'
In Kievan Rus, the concept of “nobility” had not yet developed. Naturally, princely families already existed, but, in principle, any free person could join the ranks of the warriors or boyars. As a class, the nobility took shape already in the XIII-XV centuries in Moscow Rus'. The emergence of this class is inextricably linked with the reconsideration of the principles of land ownership. What does a pillar noblewoman mean?
Estate and fiefdom
In Muscovy there were two types of private land - patrimony and estate. A votchina was private land that was passed on from generation to generation. An estate is land for temporary use, which was given for length of service in public service. In connection with the expansion of the territory of Muscovite Rus', due to the increase in land from the south and Eastern Siberia, there was more agricultural land, but it could only be obtained in the service of the tsar.
Columns
The lands that were provided to servicemen were formalized according to the laws of that time in special decrees - columns. In them, each employee could find out whether he had land and whether he had the right to cultivate it. The lists were compiled quite often, and were reviewed and certified by the king himself. So the sovereign of all Rus' had an idea about the number of people loyal to him who owned estates. Getting on such a list is the dream of every serviceman, because it meant not only ownership of earthly lands, but also the probable attention and mercy of the king himself.
In the lists, the names of the owners of the estates were written from top to bottom - “in a column”. Thus, a person whose last name was in the “columns” was called “pillar nobleman” and “pillar noblewoman.” This honorary title spoke of both the presence of land holdings and the special favor of the sovereign. Getting into the coveted “columns” was not easy.
Noblewomen
this is a pillar noblewoman
At first, only men were included in the “columns”. But over time, women's names also appeared on the treasured lists. This is how the concept of “pillar noblewoman” appeared. The meaning of the word "noblewoman" implies good birth or an advantageous marriage. The term “pillar” indicates the presence of significant lands and a privileged position.
Thus, a pillar noblewoman is a woman from a good family, the wife or widow of a civil servant who owns an estate. After the death of a civil servant, his widow had the right to retain the estate lands “for living”; after her death, the estate returned to the treasury and could be transferred to other noblemen. Cases where wives or daughters owned the estate personally were quite rare. As a rule, only high-ranking noblewomen had this right. This property was usually under the special guardianship of the royal authorities, and a woman could not sell, mortgage or inherit the land.
Confusion among the owners of patrimonial and estate lands was so typical that it created a lot of inconvenience and incorrect court decisions. It is worth clarifying that court decisions in those days were mainly based on case law, and a chain of unlawful court decisions regarding the transfer of estates by inheritance, lease or sale spread throughout the country. To legalize the existing state of affairs, land reform was undertaken. pillar noblewoman meaning
Land reforms of the early 16th century equalized the position of owners of patrimonial and estate lands. Lands owned by families from generation to generation, and lands owned by one or another nobleman or noblewoman, are lands subject to the same laws. This decision was made in order to legalize huge estates that, relatively speaking, did not belong to their owners. Thus, the pillar nobles became hereditary nobles - only they themselves could dispose of their right to land. Naturally, in those years the autocracy grew and strengthened, and the tsarist government reserved the right to take away lands and demote the nobleman. pillar noblewoman meaning of the word
This is how we figured out the term “pillar noblewoman.” The meaning of the word lies on the surface - this is a representative of the noble class, whose surname is on the “column lists” of the sovereign himself. Perhaps this is the daughter of the royal servant or his widow, for whom the local lands were left “for maintenance.” But after the adoption of land reform, this word begins to fall out of use and practically loses its meaning. A.S. Pushkin in his fairy tale used this word to denote not only the old woman’s greed, but also her desire to be known as special to the tsar himself. But everyone knows how it ended for the greedy woman. and also Which noblemen in Russia were called pillars?
Subsequently, the estates became hereditary. In the 17th - early 18th centuries, the main documents for the annual recording of service people according to the Moscow list were boyar lists, which in 1667-1719. were kept in the form of books, repeating the purpose and structure of the boyar lists-columns. Since for truly ancient Russian noble families the main evidence of their antiquity was a mention in these columns, such nobles were called pillars.
Stolbovoe nobility - in pre-revolutionary Russia, representatives of noble families who belonged to the ancient hereditary noble families. The name comes from the so-called Columns - medieval lists granting representatives of the service class estates for the duration of their service.
The pillar nobles were representatives of a noble family. The name "pillar" comes from columns - genealogical books.