Do You Have a Car? Do you have a car?
We are talking about a car, or simply a car, but a bright yellow car with red wheels. Before we go on a car race, let's test ourselves, will we be able to distinguish a net from a mosquito and a crazy dad from a dead rat along the way?
Pronunciation - Pronunciation
Well, are we taking a driving test? No, the test is not for driving, but for pronunciation: read the list, clearly pronouncing the root vowels and the consonant d at the end of the word there should be a clear [d] sound.
r e d - red
m e t - met
b e t - bet
d ea d - dead
n e t - network
s e nd - send
p e t - favorite
l e tter - letter
s e tter - setter
h ea d - head
l ea d - lead
s ai d - said
r a t - rat
m a d - crazy
b a t - bat
d a d - dad
gn a t - mosquito
s a nd - sand
p a t - iron
l a tter - recent
m a tter - business
h a d - had
l a d - guy
s a d - sad
Make some phrases with the words. Let the phrases be at least reasonable, even crazy, as long as they are grammatically correct. For example:
What is the matter, dad? - What's the matter, dad?
I met a mad gnat. - I met a crazy mosquito.
Pat it on the head. - Pat him on the head.
This lad is so sad. - This guy is so sad.
Doesn't have a bat as a pet. - He has a bat as a pet.
Usually pet refers to a dog or cat, although the word implies any animal that you keep in the house, even a crocodile. Do you have anyone? Do you have a pet?
Grammar - Grammar
Do you have a pet? And the car? Do you like ice cream?
To ask a similar question, the British resort to do. Verb do acts in such cases only as an auxiliary word; it does not denote any “doing.”
Do you like ice-cream? - Do you like ice cream?
Do you help your mum? -Are you helping your mom?
Do they play football? - They play football?
Let's answer the last question - first in the affirmative, then in the negative. Particle not(not) placed after do.
Yes, they do. - Yes, they are playing.
No, they don't. - No, they don't play.
See: in answers do replaces play- the verb that appears in the question. Now let's see how the question and answers sound when communicating with a second person - you.
Do you speak French? - Do you speak french?
Yes, I do. - Yes talking.
No, I don't. - No I do not speak.
When the question is about someone or something - about the third person in the singular - instead of do used does .
Does Tim learn French? - Tim teaches French?
Yes, he does. - Yes, he teaches.
Does he know Spanish? - Does he know Spanish?
No, he does not. - No, he doesn’t know.
Let's make two complete negative sentences using the short answers we just received.
They don't play football. - They don't play football.
Tim does not know Spanish. - Tim doesn't know Spanish.
When in a sentence there is does, ending -s there is no need to add to the main verb.
She likes jam. Does she like fruit?
She eats oranges. Does she eat bananas?
He keeps dogs. He does not keep cats.
Pronunciation - Pronunciation
Any question starting with do(or does), suggests the answer yes(Yes or no(No). Such questions are pronounced with a rise in intonation. Let's designate stressed syllables, indicate with an arrow where the voice goes up.
"Do you "go to ➚ school?
"Does she "grow ➚ flowers?
"Do they "keep ➚ horses?
Conversation - Conversation
Now let's ask Tim about his affairs - with the help do, and also using question words: what- What; when- When; where- Where; why- Why; how- How; who- who will win.
You'll have to answer: put yourself in Tim's shoes and... Go ahead! Go ahead!
When do you get up? - When do you wake up?
Does your mother make fresh tea every morning? - Does your mother brew fresh tea every morning?
Why does she take a cup of tea upstairs? - Why does she take a cup of tea into the bedroom?
What do you have for breakfast? - What do you have for breakfast?
Do you have coffee for breakfast? - Do you drink coffee for breakfast?
Do you take a cold shower in the morning? - Do you take a cold shower in the morning?
How much sugar do you put into your tea? - How much sugar do you put in tea?
What does your father like for breakfast? - What does your father like for breakfast?
How do you get to school? - How do you get to school?
Do you walk? -Are you walking?
Who do you meet on your way to school? -Who do you meet on the way to school?
When is a question word what goes "closely" with a noun, it has a meaning Which, what.
What cars do you like? - What cars do you like?
What books does he read? - What books does he read?
What color is your car? - What color is your car?
Reading - Reading
Where is the promised yellow car with red wheels? Where is the yellow car with red wheels?
Answer: Here he is - in the story about Mr. Bliss. Here it is in the story about Mr Bliss.
The Tall Gentleman in a Green Tophat
Tall gentleman in a green top hat
After breakfast Mr Bliss puts on his green hat and goes out.
He says, "I want to buy a car!"
So he gets on his bicycle and rides down the hill to the village. He walks into the shop and says, "I want a car."
"What color?" asks Mr Binks, the shopkeeper.
"Bright yellow," says Mr Bliss.
"That is five shillings," says Mr Binks.
"And I want red wheels," says Mr Bliss.
"That is sixpence more."
"Very well," says Mr Bliss, "only I left my purse at home."
It is a beautiful bicycle by the way. It is all silver. But the bicycle does not have pedals. Why? Because Mr Bliss only rides downhill!
Words - Words
buy- buy; bicycle["baisikl] - bicycle; shopkeeper["ʃopˌki:pǝ] - store owner; wheel- wheel; beautiful["bju:tiful] - beautiful; pedal["pedl] - pedal.
Notes - Notes
1. Verb want in most cases it is translated as want. But it happens that want corresponds to Russian words necessary, need to.
I want some tea. - I want tea.
Doesn't want but car. - He needs a car.
Doesn't want red wheels. - He needs red wheels.
2. Let's repeat several phrases from the text and translate them together. Let"s repeat a few sentences from the text and translate them.
He gets on his bicycle. - He gets on his bike.
It is a beautiful bicycle by the way. - This is a beautiful bike, by the way.
It is all silver. - It's all silver.
When you bring the money you can have your bicycle back. - When you bring the money, you can pick up your bike.
Very well! - Very good! Or: OK!
Why does his bicycle have no pedals? - Why doesn’t his bicycle have pedals?
Because Mr Bliss rides only downhill. - Because Mr. Bliss only drives downhill.
Word - Word
In verb leave long vowel sound, which distinguishes it from live(live). First value leave - leave, leave. Since the verb often reports about events that have already happened, we will immediately indicate its past form - left.
When specifying where exactly a train or ship is departing, where a person is going, use the preposition for.
Doesn't put on his hat and leaves the house. - He puts on his hat and leaves the house.
When does the train leave? - When does the train leave?
She left early in the morning. - She left early in the morning.
Not left for London. - He went to London.
They left for the seaside. - They went to the sea.
Second meaning leave - leave, forget. The verb comes in handy when you make excuses to your teacher about things you forgot at home.
I am sorry... I left my exercise-book at home. - Sorry... I forgot my notebook at home.
Mr Bliss left his purse at home. - Mr. Bliss left his wallet at home.
Don't left his bicycle in the shop. - He left his bike in the store.
Discussion - Discussion
Purse(wallet) an obsolete thing: people have wallets these days. People have wallets. Shilling["ʃiliŋ] (shilling) fell out of use. We are discussing English money. Previously, there were 20 shillings in the English pound. There were 20 shillings in a pound. Each shilling had 12 pence and the pound was made up of 240 pence. There were 240 pence in a pound. Today there are 100 pence in a pound.
There is still grammatical difficulty with the word penny["peni] - it has two plurals. When talking about value, it is used price. There will be many coins worth one penny pennies["peniz].
This book costs five pounds ninety-nine pence. - This book costs five pounds ninety-nine pence.
The cashier gave me a handful of pennies. - The cashier gave me a handful of one-penny coins.
Of course, a car can't cost just five shillings. A car cannot cost just five shillings. But Tolkien writes about reality in half with fantasy. Let's talk to Mr. Bliss about color and flowers.
What color is your bicycle and your new car? - What color is your bike and your new car?
The bicycle is silver, the car is yellow. - The bike is silver, the car is yellow.
What is your favorite color? - What is your favorite color?
It is yellow. - Yellow.
To "mix" two colors, use and. To make the color bright, add an adjective bright. An adjective is needed to lighten light. The dark shade is given using dark .
The picture is black and white. - The photograph is black and white.
The dress is red and green. - The dress is red and green.
The rose is bright red. - The rose is bright red.
Your balloons are bright blue. - Your balls are bright blue.
Mine are light blue. - Mine are light blue.
I wear a dark blue suit. - I wear a dark blue suit.
Question - Question
In one place it is written Don't rides down the hill, and next time without the article and together downhill? Perhaps the article was omitted by mistake?
Answer: There is no error. You can say this and that. The absence of an article changes the meaning somewhat.
Don't ride down the hill. - He's going down the hill.
A specific hill, the one on which his house stands.
Don't ride downhill. - He's moving down.
He drives downhill, downhill.
Downhill- an adverb, not a noun. Here are a few similar adverbs formed from nouns using up, down And in.
upstairs - up (up the stairs)
downstairs - down (stairs)
upstream - upstream
downstream - downstream
upward - up, uphill
downward - down, down, downhill
inland - deep into the country
Mr. Bliss's house can be described in slightly different ways, using on top(above) or on the top(at the very top, at the very top).
It is on top of the hill. - It's at the top of the hill.
It is on the top of the hill. - It's at the top of the hill.
Reading - Reading
Do Mice Like Cats?
Do mice love cats?
Poor Alice sits down and begins to cry.
"Stop this moment!" she says to herself. "Stop crying!"
Soon there is a large pool round her.
In a minute her foot slips and... Splash! She is in salt water.
At first she thinks that it is the sea. Then she realizes that she is in the pool of her own tears! Then she hears something splashing in the pool near her.
Alice is afraid. Is it a walrus? Then she sees that it is only a mouse.
She says, "Excuse me, do you know the way out of this pool?"
The Mouse looks at Alice but it does not say anything.
"Perhaps it does not speak English," Alice thinks. "Perhaps it is a French mouse."
So she begins again in French: "Ou est ma chatte?"
It means in English: Where is my cat?
Suddenly the Mouse leaps out of the water.
"Oh, I am sorry!" cries Alice hastily. "You don't like cats."
Words - Words
poor- poor; begin- start; large- big; minute["minit] - minute; salt- salty; realize["riǝlaiz] - understand, realize; pool- puddle; own- own; tear- a tear; splash- splash; walrus["wo:lrǝs] - walrus; perhaps- maybe; suddenly["sʌdǝnli] - suddenly, unexpectedly; leap- jump; hastily["heistili] - hastily.
Phrases - Phrases
Stop this moment! - Stop immediately!
Stop crying! - Stop crying!
Splash! - Plop!
Perhaps she is French. - She's probably French.
What does pool mean? - What does it mean? pool?
This word means puddle. - This word means puddle.
Conversation - Conversation
Alice's conversation with the mouse is fiction, but, getting lost somewhere in London, we can ask just like Alice: Do you know the way? That is: Do you know the way? How can I tell that I'm not local? Use stranger["streinʤǝ], a noun that means newcomer, not local(and further outsider, stranger, stranger). Let's turn to a passing boy.
| You: | Excuse me. Show me the way to Green Street, please. | |
| Boy: | Well, I think... You should turn right... No, left... Oh, I am sorry, I don’t really know. |
The passerby does not know where Green Street is. Let's ask the policeman, he will probably show you the way.
Everything is clear: number ten goes all the way to the station, as indicated by as far as, literally: as far as.
Finally, let's ask the policeman if we are heading towards the most famous London Square - Trafalgar Square. Is this the right way...
| You: | Excuse me, is this the right way to Trafalgar Square? | |
| He: | Yes. Go on along this street and then turn left. |
Question - Question
Excuse me translated as Sorry, and when Alice scared the mouse to death, she said I am sorry, which also Sorry. What is the difference?
Answer: It’s better to remember the difference from some “life” scene. When addressing someone, attracting the person's attention, start with the words Excuse me. The same phrase will work if you are making your way through a crowd: I beg your pardon. Sorry. Allow me.
What is the most difficult thing for English language learners? Ask anyone, and they will answer you - times. But what exactly is wrong in these times - there is no answer to this question. And the casket just opens.
Reasons for the difficulty of learning tenses in English
Firstly, there are many tenses, especially the tenses of the verb do cause problems. After Russian, where there are only three tenses, the abundance of verb forms causes a real shock. Incorrectly presented material can forever discourage a person from learning English. Secondly, after the first shock, people find it difficult to compare Russian tenses and verb forms with the corresponding verb forms in English. Hence the phrases: “Why did the British come up with so many tenses?” Young children especially often ask such questions when they are just starting to learn a language.
Verbs do(does) in the Present simple
As a rule, difficulties begin already when studying the first tense - Present simple. The pitfalls here lie in the auxiliary verbs. Not only are they not in the Russian and Ukrainian languages, but it is also unclear why they are in the English language. No matter how paradoxical it may sound, they are needed in order not to get confused in times. The fact is that in English words do not change either by gender, or by number, or by case. How to determine in what tense a sentence is said? By auxiliary verb. For example, if we see the verb do (does) in a sentence, we can safely say that this is the Present simple. Let's look at the cases of its use below.
Use of the verb do and does
Is it so terrible without which it is impossible in the present tense? The English verb do (does) is the most commonly used. It can be both semantic and auxiliary. As a main verb, the verb do/does is used in its original meaning - to do. For example, we have a proposal
- Masha likes to do lessons and doesn't like to be disturbed. That is why she does homework alone. - Masha likes to do homework and really doesn’t like being distracted. That’s why she does her homework alone.
As you can see, here the verb do acts both as a semantic verb and as an auxiliary verb. In particular, in the part “Masha likes to do lessons” and “That is why she does homework alone” does just semantic, and in the part “doesn’t like to be disturbed” it is auxiliary.
Another example:
- “My mom likes to do shopping, but i don’t, because she bies only things for her, not for me,” - little Tony says to Jane. - My mom likes to do shopping, but I don’t, because she “buys things just for himself,” says little Tommy Jane.
Here, too, in the part “My mom likes to do shopping,” do is semantic. Another thing is that during translation it does not appear in speech. The fact is that the expression “do shopping” is consonant with our phrase “do shopping”. But when translating, the construction “go shopping” is more often used. In the part “but i don”t, because she bies only things for her, not for me” do acts as an auxiliary.
- Do you know her? She is so pretty. - Do you know her? She is so beautiful.
Thus, do/does acts as a semantic verb in the same place where in Russian we use the verb “to do.” As an auxiliary - in negative sentences, as can be seen from the examples given above. Let's consider this point in more detail.
- Why do they walk so slowly? - I don"t know, maybe they have a lot of time and don"t have to hurry. - Why are they walking so slowly? - I don’t know, maybe they have a lot of time and don’t need to rush.
Are errors with auxiliary verbs so harmless?
In this case, the verb do acts as an auxiliary verb in negative and interrogative sentences. Note that without this verb it is impossible to correctly construct a negative sentence in the Present Simple, as well as ask a question. No, you can, of course, miss the verb do/does, but for an English-speaking person it will sound like “My go to the forest, shoot the squirrel.” It seems that all the words are clear, and even the meaning is caught. But how seriously will a person who talks like this be taken? Will he be taken seriously and considered an equal? Hardly. Our people love to make fun of immigrants who do not speak the language well. But they don’t think about the fact that in the eyes of the British they themselves look funny and absurd. Here we come to another important point. Everything is clear with the verb do.
What to do with the verb does?
What is it for? Why are there two of them? How do you generally understand when which verb is used? There is no point in guessing while trying. In English, as in any language, there are clearly defined grammatical rules, according to which the use of the verbs do/does is clearly limited. So, we write does in interrogative and negative sentences only if the subject can be conditionally attributed to the 3rd person singular. For example, in the example “That is why she does homework alone” we talked about Masha, who likes to do her homework alone. Masha is a 3rd person singular noun, which is why this very does appears here. In other cases we put do. Another important point that is often forgotten. If the sentence already contains does as an auxiliary verb, then the ending s is not added to the main semantic verb in the sentence. If the subject is a noun in the 3rd person singular, then we add the ending s to the main verb. This will also serve as a present tense marker.
Ask any schoolchild what is the most difficult thing about the topic “times” (well, besides their number)? Asking questions. This topic is difficult because teachers rarely provide a clear and transparent framework for constructing a question. If you remember it once and for all, then you will be able to pose any question at any time by analogy.
So, general questions and the use of the verb do
To make it clearer, these are questions that can be answered yes/no.
- Auxiliary verb + subject + semantic verb + what + where + when?
Using the Present simple as an example, it looks like this:
- Verbs Do (does) + subject + semantic verb + what + where + when?
That is, the auxiliary verb simply comes first.
Special questions and sentences with the verb do
They are built on almost the same principle. The only difference is that in these questions a so-called question word appears. Then the scheme is repeated.
- Question word + auxiliary verb + subject + semantic verb + what + where + when?
- What/where/when + auxiliary verb + subject + semantic verb + what+ where + when?
- What/where/when + verbs do (does) + subject + semantic verb + what + where+ when?
Moreover, this pattern always persists, even if we ask trivial things:
- What spice do you like? - Ginger, of course. - What spice do you like? - Of course, ginger.
- Where does your sister do her hair? - What do you mean? She does it yourself. - Do you really think so? - I am sure. -Where does your sister get her hair done? - What do you mean? She makes them herself. -Do you really think so? - I'm absolutely sure.
As you can see, the example above contains both general and specific questions. Note also that, as in the case of negative sentences, if the sentence has an auxiliary verb does, then we do not add the ending s to the main verb. This makes for an interesting picture.
Where does your sister do her hair? This sentence contains both do and does. But does is auxiliary, because we are talking about a sister, and do is semantic. The fact is that in the English language there is a stable phrase - to do smb's hairdo. It means “to do your hair” in any context.
Forms of the verb do
The verb to do, like all English verbs, has many forms. Remember that to do is just an infinitive. What happens to this verb, say, the Simple verb to do changes and takes the form did. This is why we don’t add any ending -ed to it. It must be taught, like a number of other verbs, using special tables.
- They were walking across the street and the mother told little Janny: "Where did you go?" - "I am not obliged to tell you everything." - “Yes, but I am your mother. I didn’t know anything about your things and i was verry frightened because of that.” - They crossed the road, and the following dialogue took place between mom and little Jenny: - Where did you go? - I don't have to report everything to you!" "Yes, but I am your mother. I knew nothing about your plans and it scared me very much.
As we can see from the example above, the auxiliary verb did indicates here. In parallel with this, in the same sentence, no endings are added to the main verb according to the basic rule. This is logical - why add any endings to these unfortunate verbs, if there is already a direct indication of both the time and the nuances of the semantic meaning of the sentence? This is why the mistake of adding past tense endings to questions seems stupid to Americans and Britons. The same picture is observed in negative sentences: I didn’t know anything about your things and I was verry frightened because of that. Specifically, the part “didn”t know” clearly illustrates the rule discussed above.
Here are some more examples:
- What did you want to tell me? - Is it important? You had never listened to me, so why did you ask now? I don't want to tell you anyway. - What did you want to tell me? - Is it important, because you never listened to me, so why are you asking now? In any case, I don’t want to tell you anything.
Similar to the previous example of the part “What did you want to tell me?” and "You had never listened to me, so why did you ask now?" show that if there is an auxiliary verb did, no ending is placed anywhere. People often confuse did as a semantic verb and as an auxiliary verb.
What to do in order not to confuse the use of the verbs do (does)?
First of all, don’t be lazy and translate the sentence. Secondly, learn the rules of using verbs and sentence construction patterns. Thirdly, learn the times. In particular, an educated person should know that if did is at the beginning of a sentence or almost at the beginning, then it will be a question, which means that a second, semantic verb must appear. If there is a negative particle next to did, then it is a negation. Again, there should be another verb next to it, to which you don’t need to add anything. If did stands separately, then it should be translated in the same way as do.
Be that as it may, this is not all there is to do. Like all verbs, it has an ing ending. This form is used both to mark gerunds and to form continuous tenses.
- What are they doing? - Cildren are just eating. - What are they doing? - Children just eat.
Auxiliary verbs do/does - did (done - cannot be used as an auxiliary verb).
Conjugation of the verb do in Present Tense:
How and for what is it used?
Before you start studying the auxiliary verb and its forms, you need to answer the main question - what is it for. It is used to construct the entire sentence structure in Present Simple and Past Simple.
It is used directly to ensure that interlocutors understand each other. Without it, the affirmative and interrogative sentences would have no meaning.
If you remove this verb from different sentences, you get the following:
- “I no know” instead of “I don’t know” - “I don’t know” instead of “I don’t know”
- “What are you doing?” instead of “What do/did you do?” what are you doing” instead of “what are you doing?/what were you doing?”
How is it used?
Negative and interrogative forms of the verb do
The do form in an interrogative sentence is placed at the very beginning of the structure; when negated, the particle not is added to do. In the do statement, there is practically no use of an auxiliary verb.
Past tense of verb
Of course, the past tense uses the form: did. Done is used in the past perfect tense and in more past forms. We will not talk about it, since the form is not used as an auxiliary verb.
Form of negation in simple past tense
It looks like this: didn’t or did not.
Used in the past simple tense to indicate simple actions in the past when there is a specific date or event that has already happened. In an interrogative sentence, did is brought to the fore, as usual, like any other auxiliary verbs.
Examples:
Did you go to the University? Yes, I did.
She didn’t cook in the evening yestarday. It's done Jorsh.
How is negation constructed in simple tense?
Negative form in the past time.
In the present simple tense The negation in a statement is constructed as follows: subject + don’t/doesn’t+ predicate without the particle to and an object with an adverbial.
Interrogative:
Don’t/doesn’t + subject + predicate + adverbial object.
Examples:
I don’t like to cook dinner/ What I don’t like cook?
When is the verb used?
Use
The verb is usually used in the present and past tenses to describe these tenses.
Let's look at the real form first:
- The verb is used when talking about simple things, actions that usually occur and are done: I do my homework myself
Do you do your homework yourself?
I don't my homework myself. - It is used in these ordinary actions and things as an auxiliary verb, the answer to which is given in a short form. Used for both present and past forms: Do you go to the party? - Yes, I do or No, I don’t.
Did you go to the party yesterday? - Yes, I did or No, I didn’t.Please note: in English speech, after a question starting with an auxiliary verb, you should not answer the question in full; it is enough to use a short form of the answer.
In colloquial speech the truncated form is often used: d’you = do you.
- The verb is usually used if you need to say something in an imperative tone when negating:
Don’t do it, it’s dangerous!
Don’t say she’s ugly! - The verb is also used when something important should be emphasized, to convey emotions and the meaning of words. For example, it is used to express a request, an invitation. In Russian, this can be conveyed in particles.
Do go for a walk with her. It needs her very much. - Go for a walk with her. She really needs this.
Do play the piano please. — Play the piano, please.
I do love you. - I very love you.
Do go with him and talk to him about his life. - Walk with him and talk about his life.
You didn't look this paragraphe. No, I did look it. - You didn't read this paragraph. No, I read it (used for greater emotionality). - They are also used to avoid repeating the previous main verb:
She sang very well. - Yes, she did. She sang very well. Yes (really good)
Tom didn't come to the theater. - No, he didn’t. Tom didn't come to the theater. No (he was there)
Ann talks about it a lot. - Yes, she does. Anna talks about this a lot. Yes (really it is) - It can be used when talking about disagreements about something:
She eats too much. - No, she doesn’t. She eats a lot. No, not much)
You speak too loudly. - No, I don’t. You're talking too loud. No that's not true) - The verb is also used if they want to supplement existing information:
She likes anything creative pictures and so do I. She likes all sorts of unusual photographs, and so do I.
He loves listening to her but I don’t. He likes to listen to her, but I don't.
Doesn’t love concerts and neither does Mary. He doesn't like concerts, and neither does Maria. - It is also used as a linking verb, both in the present and past tense. In Russian, the linking verb, as in English, is pronounced at the end:
He doesn’t drink energetics, does he? He doesn't drink energy drinks, does he?
Mary works in the chocolate factory, doesn’t she? She works in a chocolate factory, doesn't she?
You didn’t know about it, did it? You didn't know about this, did you? - They are also used to express sufficiency, suitability, satisfaction:
This will do. Okay./ Suitable./ Enough.
Will that do? Will this do?/Is this enough?/Is that enough?
Some rules to remember
The form of the verb do/don’t/do not changes to does/doesn’t/does not in the third person singular.
That is, with he/she/it:
Does he love coffee? / He loves coffee / he doesn’t love coffee. Does he like coffee? He loves coffee. He doesn't like coffee.
Does it stand here? /It stands here/ It doesn’t stand here. Is this standing here? It stands here. It doesn't stand here.
Does she dance in the concerts? / She dances in the concerts / She doesn’t dance in the concerts. Does he dance at concerts? She dances at concerts. She doesn't dance at concerts.
At the initial stage of learning English, almost everyone is faced with the question: how to start building an interrogative sentence, when in English at the beginning of a sentence in a question is used -Is-, and when -Do-? The answer to this question was given to me by the natives themselves, who simply showed the difference with examples. In fact, everything is very simple, you just need to carefully look at these English sentences and you will see for yourself that there is nothing complicated about it.
Do/Does is placed at the beginning of a sentence when we are talking about any action: play, eat, do, sleep, etc. There is always only one semantic verb in such a sentence.
Do you live in Australia? You you live in Australia?
Do you like the soup? You like soup?
Do you work? You you're working?
Do you have a dog? At your place There is dog?
Is/Are is used when we need to talk about the qualities, condition, profession of a person, or the characteristics of inanimate objects.
Are you a teacher? Are you a teacher by profession?
Are you busy? Are you busy?
Is she a nice person? She is a good person?
Is he a good guy? Is he a normal guy?
For a better understanding, compare these offers.
In the first case, there is always a verb and we clearly see the action.
In the second case, it is a noun - a description of the object.
Do you drive? Do you drive a car?
Are you a driver? You are a driver?
Does she sing? She sings?
Is she a singer? She is a singer?
Do they live in America? Do they live in America?
Are they Americans? They are Americans?
Let's look at other, more complex examples, after which you will not be confused in constructing interrogative sentences: when to write -Do-, and when -Is-. And at the end of the article, I suggest taking a short test to check the material you have covered and consolidate this topic.
1. Is he serious? Is he serious?
2. Do you smoke? Do you smoke?
3. Is she nice? How is she anyway, honey?
4. Do you want ice-cream? Do you want ice cream?
5. Is that true? This is true?
6. Do you ski? Are you skiing?
7. Is today sunny or grey? Is it sunny or cloudy today?
8. Is she right? She is right?
9. Is he driving now? Is she driving now?
10. Do you drink coffee in the morning? Do you drink coffee in the morning?
Let's complicate the task a little and add Does / Are
1. Are you sick and tired? Are you sick and tired?
2. Does she like sport? Does she like sports?
3. Are they Jewish or Christian? Are they Jews or Christians?
4. Does your dog bite? Does your dog bite?
5. Are you ok? Are you okay?
6. Does she enjoy knitting? Does she like knitting?
7. Are you a vegetarian? Are you a vegetarian?
8. Does it make you feel good? Are you feeling better?
9. Does it have four legs? Does he have four legs?
10. Does it offend you? Did that bother you?
We complicate the task by putting question words at the beginning of the sentence
The order of constructing interrogative sentences with Do / Does is as follows:
The order of constructing interrogative sentences with Are / Is is as follows:
Exercises on Do Is Does Are
Exercise 1
Find errors.
1. Do you happy?
2. Are you like cake?
3. Is he mad at me?
4. Do you agree with me?
5. Do you have a doctor?
6. Are he a musician?
7. Are you married?
8. Does you swim?
9. Does she like sushi?
10. Does he watch the movie?
Correct answers to exercise #1
1. Are you happy?
2. Do you like cake?
3. Is he mad at me?
4. Do you agree with me?
5. Are you a doctor?
6. Is he a musician?
7. Are you married?
8. Do you swim?
9. Does she like sushi?
10. Does he watch the movie?
Exercise 2
1) Does she drink juice?
2) Does Katya like sweets?
3) Do you study hard?
4) Is he a good student?
5) Does he often listen to music?
6) Is it a sunny day today?
7) Do Anya and Katya go to school by bus?
8) Does she have a beautiful dress?
9) Is this what I need?
10) Does this train go to London?
Correct answers to exercise #2
1) Does she drink juice?
2) Does Kate like sweets?
3) Do you study hard?
4) Is he a good student?
5) Does he often listen to music?
6) Is it a sunny day today?
7) Do Anna and Kate go to school by bus?
8) Is her dress nice?
9) Is it what I need?
10) Is this the train to London?
Exercise #3
Turn affirmative sentences into interrogative ones.
Example: I’m ready —> Are you ready?
1. The water is icy.
2. Is it dangerous?
3. Tomorrow is my birthday.
4. She has a car.
5. It's Russia.
6. He is not smart.
7. I use the Internet.
8. He works for Apple.
9. They work in a bank.
10. She is my sister.
Correct answers to exercise #3
1. Is the water icy?
2. Is it dangerous?
3. Tomorrow is my birthday.
4. Does she have a car?
5. Is it Russia?
6. Is he smart?
7. Do I use the Internet?
8. Does he work for Apple?
9. Do they work in a bank?
10. Is she your sister?
Exercise #4
Ask questions in English.
a) What is the difference?
b) Is this a cat?
c) Is it easy?
d) Does she know English well?
e) Do you have any ideas?
f) Is this a real gun?
g) Is he married?
h) Does she like dogs?
k) Does he have a car?
l) Is he rich?
Correct answers to exercise #4
a) What is the difference?
b) Is it a cat?
c) Is it easy?
d) Does she know English well?
e) Do you have any idea?
f) Is that a real gun?
g) Is he married?
h) Does she like dogs?
k) Does he have a car?
l) Is he rich?
Exercise #5
Find the right options.
Write all the sentences correctly.
1. How often is he visit Moscow?
2. Do you a funny guy?
3. Is that a cat?
4. Is we live in the US?
5. Is she a hot girl?
6. Does it an interesting book?
7. Do you feel okay?
8. What do you drive?
Correct answers to exercise #5
Correct options: 3, 5, 8.
All sentences are correct:
1. How often does he visit Moscow?
2. Are you a funny guy?
3. Is that a cat?
4. Do we live in the US?
5. Is she a hot girl?
6. Is it an interesting book?
7. Do you feel okay?
8. What do you drive?
Exercise #6
Ask questions about this text using Do Is.
I have a pet. It’s a dog, a golden Lab. We call her Abbey. She is a very smart dog. She sleeps on her mat, curled up. She likes to eat dog meat and dog biscuits. After eating Abbey sleeps on my bed. My dog has some funny special feature: she can open doors with her nose. When Abbey wins at me I wink back, it’s our code for something. I really love my dog. Abbey definitely loves me. 🙂
I have a pet. This is a dog, a fawn Labrador. We call her Ebi. She is a very smart dog. She sleeps on her mat, curled up in a ball. She loves to eat canned meat and dog biscuits. After eating, Abi sleeps on my bed. My dog has one funny feature: he can open doors with his nose. When Abi winks at me, I wink back at her, it's our secret code. I really like my dog. Abi loves me too. 🙂
Correct answers to exercise #7— When is Easter in the UK?
— How many days do you celebrate Christmas?
— Are most of the shops on Easter Sunday closed?
— Do people go to church on Easter?
— How do families spend their time in the UK at Easter?
Verb Do we actually use it quite often. It is called an auxiliary verb.
Today I'm going to teach you the basic negative and positive forms of this verb.
The reason this verb is difficult is that it changes depending on the subject - or rather, the person of the subject.
For example, if you are talking about yourself, then you should say:
Ido
If we use the words “I” (I) or “You” (You, You) we use the base form of the verb: do
For example:
“Do you? I do.”
With the pronouns “he” (he) or “she” (she) we must use a modified verb: does
She does
This is the only case in which the verb is modified. If we want to talk about a group of people, then we need to use the pronoun they:
Theydo
If you are talking about yourself and someone else at the same time, then you need to say:
Wedo
Thus, we should only worry when we use the verb “do” with the pronouns “he” or “she”. But you don't need to worry about that. You just need to remember that with the pronouns “he” and “she” we use does, and in all other cases - do.
Negative verb forms do have similar differences.
If we use the verb do in the negative form with pronouns:
I, you, they and we,
We have to say “ don’ t”.
Don’ t– abbreviation for donot. But in English colloquial speech it is rarely said donot. The abbreviation is much more commonly used don't.
So, with the pronouns I, you, they and we we use don’ t
For example:
I don't have the cat.
You don't like me.
We don't go there.
Form" does” in negation takes the form “ doesn't’ t”.
For example :
He doesn't like cat.
She doesn't like him.
Past tense – the Past
Another thing about this beautiful verb is the past tense - the Past.
In the past tense, thank God, verb do does not change and has one form: did
I, He, She, They and We — “ did”.
Negative form in the past tense: “ didn't’ t”
Example:
I didn't like him.
He didn't like a cat.
| Pronoun | Positive (+) | Negative (-) | |
| Present tense | I You We They | Do | Don't |
| He She It | Does | Doesn't | |
| Past tense | I You We They He She It | Did | Didn't |
English Joke
Mr. &Mrs. Goldberg had just got married. On their way to their honeymoon, Mr. Goldberg said to his new wife, “Would you have married me if my father hadn’t left me a fortune?”
She replied, “Darling, I would have married you no matter who had left you a fortune.”