Research paper "why do the military salute." Drill

Andreev Alexey

Have you ever wondered why military personnel put their hand to the visor of their cap when saluting? And why is this gesture not only spelled out in the regulations of our army, but also typical as a sign of greeting for the armies of the whole world? The military sometimes does not realize that, saluting each other, they exactly repeat the movements of medieval knights, who raised the visors of their helmets and always recorded the moment when their faces were completely open to each other...

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City scientific and practical marathon

“A step into science. Junior"

Section “History. Social science"

Research

Completed

student of grade 3 "B"

MBOU "Secondary School No. 226" Zarechny

Andreev Alexey.

Scientific adviser:

primary teacher

classes of MBOU "Secondary School No. 226"

Malkova Elena Alexandrovna

Zarechny

2012

LEADING.

2. CHAPTER 1. Why do the military salute?

3. CHAPTER 2.

4. CHAPTER 3. Military greeting in Russia.

5. CONCLUSION.

6. LITERATURE.

INTRODUCTION

I'm in a cadet class and I'm interested in everything related to the military. I often see how soldiers, when meeting each other, put their right hand to their temple. I decided to research what this gesture means and where this tradition came from.

Goal of the work:

To figure out, why do military men, when saluting, put their hand to their headdress,and from what time does this tradition begin?

Research objectives:

Conduct a survey;

Hypothesis:

Historical hypothesis (Middle Ages): Heavy cavalrymen (knights, knights) wore helmets in the Middle Ages. Many helmets had visors or masks to protect the face. When riding oncoming, as a gesture showing peaceful intentions, the knight raised his visor or mask. He exposed his face so that the person he met could recognize him. This was done with the right hand, which also showed that the warrior was not ready to start a fight and did not have aggressive intentions. The gesture seemed to say: “there is no weapon in my right hand.”

Research methods:questionnaire (APPENDIX 1), literature study, comparison and analysis of the collected material.

Object of study:military traditions.

CHAPTER 1. Why do the military salute?

At the end of the 18th century, junior officers greeted senior officers, and soldiers saluted officers by removing their headdress. Civilians still bow to each other this way as a sign of respect. This tradition probably dates back to the times when a knight was required to raise his visor or remove his helmet in front of his lord.

Raising your hand in greeting instead of taking off your hat had practical implications. As the soldiers lit the fuses of their muskets, their hands became dirty with soot. And removing the headdress with dirty hands meant rendering it unusable. Therefore, by the end of the 18th century, honor began to be given by simply raising one’s hand.

Officers or soldiers who carried a sword or saber, no matter whether mounted or on foot, saluted by raising the weapon, bringing the handle closer to the lips, then moving the weapon to the right and down. This form of greeting dates back to the Middle Ages and is associated with religion, when a knight would kiss the hilt of his sword, symbolizing the Christian cross. Then it became a tradition when taking an oath.

CHAPTER 2.

Where did the custom of saluting come from?

The tradition of the modern military salute originates on the island of Great Britain. In many armies around the world, junior ranks greeted senior ranks by removing their hats, as was the case in the British Army, but by the 18th and 19th centuries, soldiers’ hats had become so bulky that this greeting was reduced to a simple touch of the visor. The greeting we know took shape in 1745 in the Coldstream Regiment, an elite guard unit of the Queen of England's personal guard. In the regimental regulations of the guards it was written: “Personnel are ordered not to raise their hats when they pass by an officer or address him, but only to press their hands to their hat and bow.”

In 1762, the charter of the Scots Guards clarified: “Since nothing disfigures a headdress and contaminates the lacings like removing a hat, in the future, personnel are only ordered to raise their palm to their hat with a short gesture when passing by an officer.” Such an innovation caused some resistance, but, as we see, it still took root. At the same time, great importance is attached to the fact that during a military greeting they do not bow their heads or lower their eyes, this means that military personnel of different ranks are free people serving one state.

By the middle of the 19th century, the military salute in Great Britain had undergone new changes: the hand brought to the headdress (more precisely, to the right eyebrow) is facing outward with the palm. This tradition continues to this day. In the USA, the hand is brought slightly forward, as if closing the eyes from the sun, and the palm looks at the ground. The American gesture was influenced by the traditions of the British Navy: back in the days of sailing ships, sailors used pitch and tar to seal cracks in the wooden parts of the ship so that they would not let sea water through. At the same time, the hands were protected with white gloves, but showing a dirty palm was undignified, so in the navy the greeting hand turned 90 degrees down. The military salutes the same way in France.

In Tsarist Russia, the military saluted with two fingers (this tradition still remains in Poland), and in the Soviet and modern Russian army, the salute is given with the entire palm facing down, with the middle finger looking at the temple.

CHAPTER 3.

Military greeting in Russia.

1. Using a questionnaire, I interviewed 23 classmates.

When asked if you know why the military, when saluting, put their hand to their headdress, all the guys answered in the negative.

To the question: “What do you think,? a negative answer was also given.

After analyzing the questionnaires (APPENDICES 1, 2), I saw that my classmates do not know why the military, when saluting, put their hand to their right temple and have no ideaSince when has this tradition been going on?

2. In the city and school libraries I found the literature I needed for research.

3. Having familiarized myself with the collected material (APPENDIX 3), I found out that in modern army speech you can periodically hear the expression salute , however, taking into account changes in the structure of society and themilitary greeting

knightsvisorarmies

CONCLUSION

conclusion, hypothesis:

The military salute is a ritual that supposedly originates from the medievalknights. To show their nobility in the face of the enemy, the knights threw backvisor

LITERATURE

Ozhegov's explanatory dictionary.

General military regulations of the RF Armed Forces (chapter 3), 2011.

ANNEX 1

QUESTIONNAIRE

Dear friend! I ask you to take part in the survey and answer the following questions:

2. What do you think?Since when has this tradition been going on??

APPENDIX 2

Survey results

23 people took part in the survey.

1. Do you know why soldiers, when saluting, put their hand to their headdress?

“No” - 23 students, 100%.

2. What do you think?Since when has this tradition been going on??

“I don’t know” - 23 students, 100%.

APPENDIX 3

Magazine "Around the World" 01/19/2009.

Ozhegov's explanatory dictionary.

Encyclopedia "1001 questions".

- “Children’s encyclopedia for the lazy,” 1995.

General military regulations of the RF Armed Forces (chapter 2, 3), 2011.

Military etiquette. Textbook\ Under general. ed. B.V. Vorobyova-M., 2005.

Platonov B.N. Military etiquette - M., 1983.

Theses

"Why do the military salute."

Research

Justification of the relevance of the topic:

I'm in a cadet class and I'm interested in everything related to the military. I often see how soldiers, when meeting each other, put their right hand to their temple. This gesture interested me.

I asked my classmates and parents:

- Why do soldiers put their hand to their headdress when saluting?

When does this tradition begin?

It turned out that my friends did not know the answers to the questions posed. I decided to help them.

Goal of the work:

To figure out, why do the military, when “saluting”, put their hand to their headdress,and since when does this tradition go back?

To achieve this goal, I set for myself tasks :

Conduct a survey;

Go to the library and find the necessary literature;

Contact parents for help collecting information online;

It is good to think and comprehend the collected material.

In the course of reviewing the information received, it was put forward hypothesis:

The military salute is a ritual that supposedly originates from the medievalknights. At that time they wore helmets on their heads. Many helmets had visors or masks to protect the face. When riding oncoming, as a gesture showing peaceful intentions, the knight raised his visor or mask. He exposed his face so that the person he met could recognize him. This was done with the right hand, which also showed that the warrior was not ready to start a fight and did not have aggressive intentions. The gesture seemed to say: “there is no weapon in my right hand.”

The result The work included a selection of materials on this topic, a slide presentation and a brochure “Military Greeting”, which can be used in extracurricular activities in the “History of the Russian Army” classes.

After reviewing the collected material, I found out that in modern army speech you can hear the expression salute , however, with the change in the structure of society and themilitary greetingfrom a ceremony to a modern tribute to tradition, this expression is a rarely used phrase.

What is “salute”? This means showing respect to a person of higher rank. It has been established that this was done in different ways at different times. Greetings in one form or another have always existed among all peoples. The forms of greeting were different: bowing, kneeling, falling face down on the ground, various hand gestures. The military greeting that is customary in the army - placing the right hand on the visor of the cap - appeared quite recently.

I learned that the military salute is a ritual supposedly borrowed from the medievalknights. To show their nobility in the face of the enemy, the knights threw backvisorhelmet The characteristic movement of the hand formed the basis of the modern military greeting. In the Russian Armed Forces, the military salute is performed with the fingers of the right hand closed and the hand straightened; unlike a number of othersarmiespeace, with the head uncovered, the military greeting is performed without raising a hand, by assuming a military position.

This is what it says inChartere internal service of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation (RF Armed Forces).

Article 43. Chapter 2. RELATIONS BETWEEN MILITARY SERVICEMEN

The military salute is the embodiment of the comradely cohesion of military personnel, evidence of mutual respect and a manifestation of common culture. All military personnel are obliged to greet each other when meeting (overtaking), strictly observing the rules established by the drill regulations of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation. Subordinates and juniors in military rank greet first, and in case of equal position, the one who considers himself more polite and well-mannered greets first.

When meeting, the junior in rank is obliged to greet the senior first; if they belong to different categories of military personnel (soldier - Officer, junior officer - senior officer), a senior officer may perceive failure to perform a military greeting upon meeting as an insult.

As a result of the work done, I came to conclusion, that putting the fingers of the right hand to the temple in the military means “salute” or greeting. This confirms the previously stated hypothesis:

The military salute is a ritual that supposedly originates from the medievalknights. To show their nobility in the face of the enemy, the knights threw backvisorhelmet The characteristic movement of the hand formed the basis of the modern military greeting.

Military etiquette has its own norms and rules, and they are quite diverse. They have been formed over the centuries under the influence of historical factors, so they may differ depending on the country where a person in the military profession serves. The fundamental influencing factors in this regard should be considered the provisions of the military regulations adopted in a particular state, which, in turn, are based on military rituals, traditions of a given people, and their moral and ethical values.

A person who has decided to perform military service must be prepared for the fact that it consists not only of showing courage and heroism while performing dangerous tasks in extreme situations. Military service also implies daily strict adherence to the strict requirements of the regulations, one of the provisions of which is the military salute. There are no and cannot be trifles in the military regulations; each of the requirements prescribed there is important to fulfill in accordance with certain rules. Therefore, it is so important to understand the question of which hand the Russian military salutes with and how exactly this should be done so as not to discredit the Russian army in the eyes of the population by ignorance of the basic rules of military etiquette.

Military salute: versions of the origin of the tradition of saluting with the right hand

Giving military honor is a tradition that has its roots in the deep past. For this reason, there are several versions of what exactly its appearance was connected with. Let's start with one of the most common. According to this theory, the ritual arose during the time of the knights, more specifically, in the 13th century. It is well known that these warriors wore heavy armor, in particular, they almost always had a bulky metal helmet on their heads. If a meeting with an enemy took place under such circumstances that the knight could not or did not want to engage in battle, then he raised the visor of his helmet, while making a characteristic gesture with his right hand, for the simple reason that it was convenient to do so. In this way, he exposed his face so that a potential enemy could be convinced of the absence of aggression on his part. In one of the readings of this version, the knight raised the visor of his helmet so that the person he met on his way would recognize him by his face, and the fact that the gesture was made with his right hand without a weapon in it meant that he was not ready for battle and had no warlike intentions. With the right hand, namely with the palm open to the opponent, those peoples whose armed forces did not have heavy cavalry - the North American Indians and the Mongols - demonstrated their peace-loving sentiments.

The knightly armor was replaced by another military uniform - more comfortable and lighter - and the gesture of friendliness adopted by the knights was entrenched, and to this day it has the meaning of showing mutual respect between people related to military affairs. Its semantic load has not changed fundamentally: it is still a demonstration of a polite, non-aggressive attitude towards a colleague.

It must be admitted that the theory of the origin of the tradition of saluting associated with knights has one small inconsistency. In those days, each of them had clothes equipped with tribal symbols. By it you could easily find out who was in front of you, and the knight did not need to raise the visor of his helmet for this.

There is a romantic hypothesis, also dating back to knightly times. According to her, by raising his hand to his eyes, the knight taking part in the tournament for the heart of a beautiful lady, symbolically covered them from the brilliance of her incomparable beauty.

The next two theories of the origin of the ritual are more prosaic and are associated with different stages of the development of military affairs. The fact is that during the Renaissance, military headdresses were very magnificent, one might even say, bulky. This was justified by the circumstances that the commander of the troops could only recognize the location of a group of his subordinates on the battlefield by such voluminous decoration. In those days, it was generally customary for military personnel to salute with a bow of the head. To prevent the shako or plume from flying off, it was removed or held by hand. As military uniforms were simplified, the greeting ceremony became simpler - all that remained was the movement of the hand to the headdress.

Many military historians adhere to the hypothesis that the first to salute by touching the visor of the headdress were members of the British armed forces, starting around the 17th century. Over time, this gesture replaced the removal of the hat as a demonstration of respect for juniors to elders, since this headdress became so bulky that it was simply inconvenient and even burdensome.

How people salute in different countries - modern times

Military science has developed since then, and in different historical contexts. Therefore, while the essence of the military greeting remains unchanged, the armed forces of different states give the honor in different ways.

In the American military, according to the rules, salute must be given only when both hands are not occupied with anything. This is a strict requirement of military etiquette in the United States - so much so that if the greeting cannot be carried out in this way, then it is abandoned altogether. It is customary for American troops to salute with the right hand, with the fingers tightly closed, the palm turned down, and the hand itself extended slightly forward, as if covering the eyes.

An almost similar gesture is currently used by the Israeli military; the only slight difference is that the phalanx of the middle finger should almost touch the edge of the right eyebrow. However, the fundamental difference here is not in the form, but in the conditions of providing a military greeting. In the Israeli forces, this is more a right than a duty of a soldier.

As for the Russian armed forces, the following rules regarding this military ritual are relevant at the moment. Firstly, all Russian citizens, without exception, who are in military service or have already been discharged from it, are required to salute, provided that they are wearing a military uniform.

The gesture with which the Russian military salutes is in itself no different from the military salute adopted in a number of modern states. The difference lies again in the conditions under which this gesture is acceptable. The point is that Russian military personnel do not put their hand to their bare heads to greet. According to the regulations, the military salute in this case will consist of taking a military position, namely: arms along the body, body straightened as much as possible.

If the military moves in formation, then only the guide puts his right hand to the headdress, everyone else turns their head towards the senior ranks as they pass by them.

The order in which the military greeting is given in the ranks of the Russian army is obvious: the junior in rank or subordinate gives the honor first. The rules of the charter are mandatory, and the military is responsible for non-compliance with them.

Many people probably know that they don’t put their hand on an empty head (without a headdress). You can learn about this in almost any war film. Where did the trump card come from among the military and why can't you put your hand on an empty head??

One of the most likely versions of trumping is this. Medieval knights, who were known to be professional soldiers, wore not only iron armor, but also the same helmets that completely covered their faces during battle. If the knight did not want to fight, that is, showed peaceful intentions, then he opened his face and raised his visor. This sign, when the hand is raised to the head, became the main symbol of the military when they showed respect or friendly feelings. When the need for knightly armor disappeared, the military raised their hand to remove the headdress or simply lift it (remember how gentlemen politely raise their hats when meeting each other).

Later, when the headdresses of most armies of the world became bulky and pretentious, it became problematic to remove or raise them (shakos, caps with cockades, hats). And the military’s hands were not always able to lift colorful hats without damaging or getting dirty. Their hands were covered in oil, dirt or soot, so the soldiers, and then the officers, simply began to make a symbolic movement to the temple, supposedly demonstrating the removal of their caps.

Now about why you can’t put your hand on an empty head

First of all, it's pointless. Raise your hand to remove a headdress that is not there? This is nonsense, given the history of the origin of trumping.

But there is a more important reason, which is especially important for the Russian army (and the armies of some countries). By placing his hand on an empty head, the soldier, instead of expressing his respect and submission to the commander, actually insults him. In general, appearing in front of the commander without a headdress is already a violation of the regulations, which speaks volumes about saluting. Soldiers (and other military personnel) can be without a headdress (and without a military uniform) while sleeping, eating, worshiping, etc., that is, in “secular” life.

The third reason why you cannot salute without military equipment (cap, cap) is that this is directly written in the Charter of the Armed Forces. “The right hand should be placed on the headdress, and the left hand should be lowered along the seams.” That is, in other cases you cannot apply your hand.

By the way, in most armies there is no such rule; for example, the American military puts their hand to an empty head.

The question arises: why exactly did this tradition “survive” in the Russian army - to salute only in a headdress? After all, we didn’t have knights. Some military historians suggest that the raising of the hand may have arisen from a desire to get a better look at the enemy. We all still do it, raise our palms to our eyes to see something.

A military salute or salute is a gesture or other action used to show respect by members of the military. The history of saluting in the military goes back hundreds of years. The military traditions of different countries and times were extremely diverse. Hand gestures, rifle and cannon shots, hoisting of banners, removal of headdresses and other means were used, all to show respect and deference.

There is a beautiful legend about the first fireworks.

Sir Francis Drake, a legendary sailor and pirate, in 1588, while receiving Queen Elizabeth of England (far from the standard of beauty) on his ship, pretended to be blind from her beauty, covering his eyes with his palm, and, supposedly, this tradition was born.

According to another version, more plausible, the knights, when meeting, raised the visor of their helmet with their unarmed hand, thereby greeting their comrades. Today it is believed that the modern gesture of saluting in the army has its roots in the second. Over time, placing the right hand on the headdress has become mandatory to express respect in all regular (and not only) armies of the world.

Interesting! Modern military honoring comes from Great Britain, as documented by military regulations.

How they salute in the armies of the world: diversity of traditions

In Britain, a military salute is a sign of respect for the highest ranking officer and the Queen on whose behalf he is acting.

Important! A prerequisite for a hand gesture, for example, is the presence of a headdress: beret, cap, etc. Without a headdress (indoors), you should stand at attention.

Prim British etiquette puts forward the most stringent requirements for the criteria for performing the salute. How to salute correctly in the army, the military regulations popularly explain:

the fingers should be pressed tightly together, the thumb located along the palm facing outward, the middle finger to the right and slightly above the eyebrows. As a result, the center of the conventional axis of the hand must be fixed at the level of the head, and the middle finger should be approximately level with the base of the cockade;
salute only with the right hand;
The position of the hand should be maintained until a response gesture follows.

During combat operations, statutory salutes are generally prohibited, mainly due to the threat of snipers. At the same time, we should not forget about common sense, because a military base saturated with officers in a short time will turn into a booth, without exceptions.

The salute in the French army is generally identical to the British one. The armies of Australia and New Zealand also inherit the army etiquette of their former mother country. In the US Army, they practice saluting with their heads covered and uncovered, provided that their hands are free. The Israeli army practically believes that it is not worth burdening soldiers with such rituals during barracks life, so it does not oblige anyone to anything.

How did they salute in the Russian army?

The Russian army was created in a European manner, adopting everything, including statutory traditions and military etiquette. Emperor Peter I, its direct creator, was guided by Prussia, Austria, Sweden and other leading military powers of that time. In the imperial army, the military salute was called a salute, and the matter was not limited to just the gesture of removing the hat; when meeting a colleague or superior, a military man had to perform a whole series of bows and curtseys in order to express deep respect to him, depending on his social status. The location (street or room) during the salute also played an important role.

With the advent of massive headdresses in the Russian Imperial Army, such as a helmet and a shako, fastened with a strap at the chin, removal and bowing became extremely problematic, namely long and awkward. It was decided to abandon them and replace them with the long-established salute in Europe using a bladed weapon or moving the hand towards the headdress.

In parallel, for a long time, different options for saluting in the army coexisted and existed side by side. However, the need finally arose to reform and unify this part of military etiquette. Saluting by placing one's hand on the headdress has gained increasing popularity due to its simplicity and clarity. Thus, a universal form of ritual was found. Initially, among officers, preference was given to “trumping” with two fingers of the right hand, the middle and index, the so-called “Polish” greeting; this tradition has been preserved in the Polish Army to this day. The origins of this movement are easily guessed by the simple gesture of removing a hat, when these two fingers were placed on top of the brim, and the big one supported the headdress from below.

In the Russian Empire of the second half of the 19th century, a new form of saluting by placing a brush to the visor of the headdress became the cultural norm. However, the straightened fingers of the hand should be brought to the visor with the palm down, which was recorded in the military regulations of the 1891 edition in this way:

the banner should be saluted at attention;
the crew should salute by moving the hand towards the headdress;
The commander should be greeted by bringing the hand to the headdress with straightened fingers, palm down and slightly outward, keeping the elbow at shoulder level, while the gaze should be on the commander and follow him with the eyes;
When saluting, a military man should not remove his hat to anyone.

Honor was supposed to be given to superiors, members of the royal family, colleagues, the regimental banner, etc. All officers, and all lower ranks without exception, when meeting, were supposed to greet each other by putting their right hand to the visor.

After the revolution, the Soviet government significantly reduced the ritual of saluting the Red Army, but retained the historical basis. After the collapse of the Soviet Union, in the Russian Federation the military is faithful to traditions, so they teach soldiers how to salute in the army, following the model of 1975, although the expression “to salute” itself, due to various socio-cultural reasons, has become an anachronism and is practically not used.

The army has its own laws, which can be either generally known or hidden from the uninitiated. The need to salute arises when greeting military personnel. This is one of the so-called “military rituals”, which is part of the etiquette of military personnel. Currently, the military salute is present in the armies of most countries of the world. However, the order in which it is performed may vary.

When this phrase is used, it implies recognition of the merits of the military man and showing respect for him. This is a unique form of greeting used by soldiers.

At all times, the youngest military man in rank and age gave the honor first, thereby recognizing the high achievements of another soldier. Today honor can be given to:

To one person.
A group of people.
An item of special significance. We can talk about a monument to fallen heroes, a banner, etc.

Both the military salute itself and the procedure for performing it can vary significantly in different armed forces. The reason for this is the differences in the development of military affairs, the socio-political system, education, science and cultural traditions, etc. However, no matter what such a gesture is, it always indicates respect and recognition of the merits of the person they meet.

There are two options for a military greeting:

The soldier performs it independently, finding himself next to a high-ranking military man.
Honor is given on command. At the same time, the greeting is often carried out by all personnel of a certain formation. This can be either a military unit or unit, or a ship.

Previously, the military salute was called a salute or salutation. Also in the literature you can find such a term as “trump”.

Rules

According to the requirements of modern etiquette, a girl walking with a military man should be on his left side

Since there is a concept of military etiquette, there are certain rules that must be followed when observing it. Similar rules apply to all military personnel, regardless of rank. They are determined by the provisions of the charters and the principles of the military oath.

There are also concepts of general etiquette. For example, in the old days, a man, being a protector and support for his woman, had to walk to her left. This was explained by the fact that he carried the weapon on his side, and if necessary, he should not have touched her if he pulled it out.

However, due to the need to salute, this rule of etiquette is a thing of the past. Today, uniformed soldiers walk to the right of the woman. In this case, the military man will not touch her with his elbow during the greeting. In addition, if a soldier is walking with a companion on his arm, he also needs to be to her right so that his right hand remains free for greeting.

Differences when performing a greeting

Many people who are not familiar with the nuances of army etiquette are interested in which hand they salute with? In all countries, honor is given with the right hand. This tradition does not depend on the culture of each specific country and is international. Violation of this rule is possible only due to inexperience or oversight.

The difference in a military salute may only concern the presence or absence of a headdress. Some believe that such a gesture arose as a simplification of the procedure for removing the headdress. At the moment, there are several hypotheses about the origin of the army salute:

The ritual originated in Great Britain. Here, military personnel with junior ranks greeted their elders by removing their hats. It has been this way since time immemorial. However, during the period from the 18th to the 19th centuries, soldiers' hats became quite cumbersome in order to constantly remove them. Therefore, the greeting procedure was reduced to a simple touch of the visor.
Another hypothesis says that the tradition of saluting originated in the United States. The first records regarding this military ritual date back to the second half of the 19th century. The emergence of army traditions occurred as a result of the end of the Civil War between the North and South. The army that won this war consisted of volunteers who did not have any combat skills. They wore ordinary clothes and often did not have hats. Therefore, honor was given by placing a hand on the head.
Romantic hypothesis. It is believed that the army salute originally arose as a gesture of a knight covering his eyes when he saw his lady. In this case, there is no connection to the headdress.

Thus, today it is impossible to say with confidence which version of the military greeting is initially correct. However, in most countries, the hand is placed on the cap, and greeting without a headdress is considered a violation of the regulations.

Military salute in different countries

In all armies of the world, military honor is given with the right hand.

Regardless of the specifics of the military salute adopted by the army of a particular country, there are certain general rules. When planning to salute, a soldier has no right to lower his eyes or bow his head.

When greeting another military man, you should look him in the eyes, which indicates mutual respect, regardless of rank and rank. As mentioned above, you should salute exclusively with your right hand.

The differences may be in the hand gesture and the rotation of the palm. Let's look at the most popular types of military greetings:

In Great Britain, the hand is brought to the right eyebrow, with the palm facing outward.
In France, the greeting is done with the palm facing down.
In the US Army, soldiers also turn their palm down when saluting. In this case, the hand should be slightly extended forward, as if covering the soldier’s eyes from the sun.
The Italian Army has slightly modified rules. When greeting, the palm should be slightly raised above the level of the visor.
The greeting in the Polish army should be done only with the index and middle fingers, which are placed against the visor. The soldiers of Tsarist Russia saluted in a similar way until 1856.

Since 1856, in Russia the honor is given as follows: the entire palm is used, which turns downwards. The soldier's hand is positioned in such a way that his middle finger lightly touches the visor of his cap, being directed towards the soldier's temple.

It is because of this method of military greeting that such synonyms of military greeting as “trump”, “trump” and “take under the peak” appeared.

In Russia, a military salute is carried out with the right hand, which is enshrined in the corresponding paragraph of the Charter of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation.