Position of momyshuly in 1941. Momysh-uly, Baurdzhan

In 1963, Spanish-language newspapers published an interview with the leader of the Cuban revolution, and one of the most famous people of our time, Fidel Castro. One question, the answer to which discouraged everyone present, sounded like this: “Which of the heroes of the Second World War would you call your idol?”

Being an educated man, he, like the legendary Che Guevara, had a great passion for books. One day, Alexander Bek’s story “Volokolamsk Highway” about the feat of the 8th Guards Panfilov Division fell into his hands. One of the main characters of the book is the now little-known Soviet officer from Kazakhstan Baurzhan Momysh-uly, and he called him his hero. But what did this hero of heroes become famous for?

A stately and handsome young officer went to serve in the Red Army several years before the Great Patriotic War. During this time, he managed to train as an artillery officer, took part in battles in the Far East with the Japanese army, and participated in the campaign in Bessarabia. After which he served in Alma-Ata, where the war found him.

In the fall of 1941, he went to the front as a volunteer, just at that time the 316th Infantry Division was being formed in the city. Already at the creation stage, it was assumed that this unit would be one of the most combat-ready - men who knew how to fight and knew what war was were sent to it. In the unit, Momysh-uly was appointed battalion commander.

The very first assignment of the division threatened to become the last - the military unit was sent to protect the approaches to Moscow. The command understood that the advancing Wehrmacht units would simply sweep away the 316th, but it was necessary to hold the capital until the Far Eastern armies arrived. The matter was complicated by the fact that the Soviet command literally prohibited the study of defensive concepts in the army; it was assumed that the Red Army should win through offensive operations on foreign soil. For a different point of view, one could lose one's position.

Ivan Vasilyevich Panfilov, commander of the 316th division, resorted to a trick. He developed the tactics of spiral warfare. In his opinion, given the numerically superior enemy, acting with the usual methods was suicide. Thus, his division had to hold a front more than 40 kilometers long, although according to all wartime standards they could only defend 12 kilometers. In such a situation, any concentrated enemy strike would break through the defenses. And then Panfilov proposed to act as follows.

The blow was delivered to a moving enemy column, and, after a short battle, you just need to move away from the advancing enemy. Along the way, small ambushes and pockets of resistance were organized behind the retreating division, which lured the enemy towards the retreating ones, simultaneously delaying them. After the enemy stretched out, the division abruptly changed direction and returned again to strike the main forces. Such harassing blows greatly stretched the enemy's forces, which greatly slowed down his advance. As a result, the division became a legend and was renamed the 8th Guards Panfilov.

Panfilov’s theory was brought to life by the battalion commander Momysh-uly. Having entered the battle in mid-October 1941 as a battalion commander, in November he already led the regiment, although he remained an “old man.” Panfilov’s defensive theory was called the “Momyshuly spiral”

Colonel General Erich Hoepner commanded the 4th Panzer Group, and it was he who had to deal with the tactics of the young Kazakh. During the offensive, he would write in his reports to Hitler: “A savage division, fighting in violation of all regulations and rules of engagement, whose soldiers do not surrender, are extremely fanatical and are not afraid of death.”

The tactics of the “wild” Kazakh can be judged from several episodes. On his first day at the front, the lieutenant suggested to the regiment commander that he create a detachment of one hundred volunteers and make a night sortie with them. He took only the most experienced with him and at night he approached one of the villages occupied by the enemy. In less than an hour of battle, three hundred enemies were destroyed.

Near Demyansk, the senior lieutenant’s regiment had a chance to meet with the SS division “Totenkopf”. Here he again had to fight a numerically superior enemy. He targeted six villages occupied by the enemy. Twenty detachments into which the regiment was divided alternately attacked all targets at once under the cover of darkness. As soon as the enemy organized a defense, the detachment retreated, and a few minutes later another squad attacked the village from the other side. And such hell went on in all six directions for several hours. The famous division with a great name held out as best it could, but was confident that it was holding back the main offensive of the Soviet army. They had no idea that they were fighting with one battered regiment. During the night, the loss of Momysh-uly fighters amounted to 157 soldiers, the SS division was missing 1,200 soldiers.

Momysh-uly was an honest, straightforward person, he told his superiors everything to his face, for which his awards were awarded much later. According to the stories of Momysh-uly’s stepdaughter, her adoptive father rarely used his connections and influence, but he loved to read about himself in newspapers. He learned how highly Fidel Castro and Che Guevara appreciated his exploits and immediately sent them an invitation to visit. During their visit to the USSR, the Cuban guests immediately stated that they would like to meet the legendary “wild” Kazakh.

The authorities began organizing the meeting. But there was one catch - the apartment building where the legendary Panfilov lived was in terrible condition. Local authorities immediately offered the family to move to a new apartment, but Momysh-uly flatly refused. He stated that he was not ashamed to receive guests in such a house, and if anyone is ashamed of his housing, then let him live with it.

A whole delegation came to visit the commander; it turned out that Castro practically never parted with Momysh-uly’s books, but it was impossible to discuss all the topics in one short visit, so in 1963 the war hero paid a return visit to Cuba.

The meeting of the Kazakh legend could only be compared with the celebrations in honor of Yuri Gagarin. The Cubans expected that their idol would give lectures on warfare within a month, but Momysh-uly refused, saying that he could do it in 10 days, but he couldn’t stay – the cadets were waiting for him. The hero taught courses at the military school on “escaping encirclement without losses” and “conducting night battles on the offensive.”

Bauyrzhan Momysh-uly died in 1982 at the age of 71. He was awarded the title of Hero posthumously only in 1990.

(1982-06-10 ) (71 years old) A place of death

In 1940 he returned to Kazakhstan and worked as a senior instructor at the Kazvoenkomat.

In the battles of the Great Patriotic War from September 1941, as part of the 316th Rifle Division under the command of Major General I.V. Panfilov.

The skillful leadership of the battalion commander made it possible to delay the Germans at this line for 3 days. After which Senior Lieutenant Momyshuly brought the battalion out of the encirclement combat-ready.

The heroic combat path of the battalion under the command of Bauyrzhan Momysh-uly is described in the artistic and historical book of Alexander Bek “Volokolamsk Highway”.

Momysh-uly’s commanding abilities were noticed, and after a month of heavy fighting he was appointed regiment commander - personally by the commander of the 16th Army K. K. Rokossovsky.

Commanding the 19th Guards Rifle Regiment, on November 26-30, 1941, Momysh-uly in the area of the village of Sokolovo, Moscow Region, together with his regiment, fought stubborn battles for four days, successfully repelling enemy attacks. On December 5, 1941, B. Momysh-uly was wounded, but did not leave the battlefield.

In 1944, B. Momysh-uly completed advanced training courses for officers at the Military Academy of the General Staff.

Soon B. Momysh-uly was awarded the rank of guard colonel, and an order was received for his appointment as commander of the 9th Guards Rifle Division.

From January 28 to May 9, 1945, Guard Colonel Bauyrzhan Momysh-uly commanded the 9th Guards Rifle Division of the 2nd Guards Rifle Corps of the 6th Guards Army of the 2nd Baltic Front.

In February-March 1945, northwest of the Priekule station (Latvia), units of the division skillfully led by him broke through three lines of heavily fortified enemy defenses. As a result of the division's offensive, 15 settlements were liberated and significant damage was inflicted on the enemy in manpower and military equipment.

In 1945-1948. - student of the Military Academy named after. K. E. Voroshilova.

In 1948-1950 - Deputy commander of the 49th separate rifle brigade.

In 1950-1955 - Senior Lecturer at the Military Academy of Logistics and Supply.

Since 1955 he was transferred to the reserve.

For his courage and heroism in the battle of Moscow, Captain Bauyrzhan Momyshuly was nominated for the title of Hero of the Soviet Union in 1942, but was awarded it only posthumously on December 11, 1990.

Creation

"The Story of One Night"
“Moscow is behind us. Notes from an officer" (1962).
Biographical story about General I.V. Panfilov “Our General.”
Book of novels and short stories “Our Family” (awarded the State Prize of the Kazakh SSR in 1976).
Travel essays “Cuban meetings”.
Chronicle book “Psychology of War”.
Stories “I Remember Them”, “Platoon Commander Nikolai Redin”, “Back”, etc.

Movies

Colonel General I.M. Chistyakov in his book “Serving the Fatherland” wrote about Bauyrzhan Momyshuly:

I knew the commander of the 1073rd Infantry Regiment, Major Bauyrzhan Momyshuly, even before the war from joint service in the Far East. He was a young commander, Kazakh by nationality, with a tough and stubborn character and handsome appearance. I knew that I.V. Panfilov valued him very much for his special courage and ingenuity. Near Moscow, his battalion, being surrounded and without contact with the regiment for several days, fought with superior enemy forces. In fierce battles, the guards destroyed 400 fascists within two days, delayed their advance along the Volokolamsk highway and then, maneuvering through the forest, broke the encirclement and reached their regiment. After this battle, Panfilov kept Momyshuly’s battalion with him as a reserve, sending it into battle in the most difficult cases. I liked Momyshuly’s one more quality - truthfulness. No matter how hard it was for him, I knew that he would always tell the truth; he demanded the same from his subordinates.

A letter written by the commander of the 8th Guards Rifle Division, Colonel I. I. Serebryakov, and the head of the personnel department of the 8th Guard Division, Major Kondratov:

"TO THE PRESIDIUM OF THE SUPREME COUNCIL OF THE UNION OF THE USSR Copy: TO THE SUPREME COUNCIL OF THE KAZAKH SSR (for information) I consider it my duty to report: In July 1941, I arrived in Alma-Ata to the post of chief of staff of the 316th Infantry Division, commanded by Major General Panfilov. The division was subsequently renamed the 8th Guards Rifle Division and was awarded the Order of the Red Banner and the Order of Lenin for the battles near Moscow. I was the chief of staff of this division for a long time and during the offensive battles, from March 1942 to October 1942, I commanded this division At one time, neither General Panfilov, nor General Chistyakov, who commanded the division at that time, and I, as their first deputy and subsequently division commander, due to a number of circumstances, were unable to note the well-deserved feats performed repeatedly in battle by one of the veteran officers of the Panfilov division , who grew up in battles from senior lieutenant to colonel, now living Baurdzhan Momysh-Ula. The duty of justice requires me, having outlined in this letter the feats he accomplished, to turn to you with a request. Baurdzhan Momysh-Uly, with the rank of senior lieutenant, was appointed battalion commander of the 19th Guards Rifle Regiment. As a battalion commander, he fought 27 battles in maneuver defense conditions near Moscow in 1941. Breaking away 5 times from the division behind enemy lines, in order to carry out special tasks set by Major General Panfilov in conditions of encirclement, he skillfully led his battalion and the units assigned to it from the encirclement, preserving manpower and equipment. 1. On October 26, 1941, Comrade Momysh-Uly, being a battalion commander, brought 690 people, 18 artillery harnesses, 30 carts from encirclement to Volokolamsk after stubborn fighting on the right line, conducting an organized battle to withdraw the battalion from encirclement on intermediate lines on over 35 km. In these battles, the battles given to the division in the area of Safatovo, Milovani, Ryukhovskoye and Spas-Ryukhovskoye were of particular importance for the division, when the battalion crashed into the tail of the German columns advancing on Volokolamsk, which contributed to gaining time and separating the main force of the division from pursuing the enemy and delaying for 2 days the main enemy forces in the Volokolamsk direction. In the battles for the city of Volokolamsk in the period from October 27, 1941 to November 15, 1941, the Momysh-Uly battalion was repeatedly distinguished by its actions in defeating the German invaders. For all these exploits in the period from October 16, 1941 to November 15, 1941, General Panfilov on November 7, 1941 presented senior lieutenant Momysh-Uly with a government award - the Order of Lenin. The fate of the award list is still unknown, and the well-deserved exploits of Comrade Momysh-Ula remained uncelebrated. 2. From 11/16/41 to 11/20/1941, the battalion under the command of Momysh-Ula fought under conditions of encirclement in the area of the village of Goryuny on the Volokolamsk highway, the Matrenino railway station, cutting off the main routes of movement of the main enemy forces advancing on Moscow. At this time, parts of the division were retreating to the next intermediate line, and the actions of the Momysh-Ula battalion ensured that the main force of the division was separated from the advancing enemy force and occupied the next line. In these battles, the battalion destroyed up to 600 Nazis, 6 tanks and captured trophies: 6 heavy machine guns, 12 light machine guns, 2 guns, 8 radio stations, 2 staff vehicles with documents, including many “owls.” secret documents” deciphering the main forces of the Volokolamsk enemy group. On November 20, 1941, the battalion, having broken through the ring, fighting repeated battles behind enemy lines, joined its regiment by November 23, 1941. He brought with him 300 people, 2 guns, 16 carts, 4 heavy machine guns and again joined the division as a combat-ready unit. 3. In the area of the village of Lopastino - Desyatidvorka Momysh-Uly, on November 25, 1941, with one anti-tank gun, two mortars, two heavy machine guns and half a platoon of soldiers, he made a night raid on the enemy’s location, where up to 200 German soldiers were destroyed. This feat also remained uncelebrated. 4. From 11/26/41 to 12/7/41, senior lieutenant Momysh-Uly commanded the 1073rd Rifle Regiment, now the 19th Guards Rifle Regiment. a) In the area of the village of Sokolov, from November 26, 1941 to November 30, 1941, the Momysh-Uly regiment fought stubborn battles for four days, repulsed enemy attacks four times, despite intense air bombing; b) In the battles for the station and the village of Kryukovo, the regiment was in the center of the division’s battle formation and fought stubborn battles from 11/31/41 to 12/7/1941. 12/5/1941 in these battles comrade. Momysh-Uly was wounded and, knowing that there was nowhere to retreat further and that a small number of people remained in the regiment, he refused to leave the battlefield and continued to lead it until December 7, 1941. In the Kryukov battles, up to an infantry regiment, 18 tanks and many others were destroyed equipment, and together with other units of the division, on December 8, 1941, the regiment launched a counteroffensive. This heroic act of the young officer also went unnoticed; c) During the winter offensive of 1942, comrade. Momysh-Uly, with the rank of captain, with one and a half battalions of riflemen, in a bold night raid, defeated the reserves of the SS division “Totenkopf”, destroying 1200 Nazis and capturing a junction of six roads with settlements: Borodino, Barklavitsa, Troshkovo, Trokhovo, Konyusheno, Vashkovo, and thereby 6 . 2.1942 ensured the fulfillment of the division's mission, depriving the enemy of the ways and opportunities to supply reserves and ammunition to the Sokolov group, which stubbornly defended the village of Sokolovo for three days; d) 8.2.1942, finding ourselves with a platoon of scouts that had accidentally separated from the regiment in the Bol area. Sheludkovo, came across retreating enemy units: a column of up to 600 people and 8 tanks. In a sudden fire raid, the platoon destroyed up to 200 German soldiers and captured important operational documents. 5. From 2/27/1942 to 5/13/1942, occupying defense in unfavorable conditions, in a wooded and swampy area on a wide front, in the area of the villages of Dubrovka, Kobljaki, being in the fire bag of the 1st, 4th, 5th air-ground German regiments, the Momysh-Ula regiment repelled up to hundreds of attacks, without conceding a single meter of ground to the enemy, inflicting heavy losses on him. Taking into account all the above military merits of Momysh-Ula, in August 1942 I issued an award sheet for the title of Hero of the Soviet Union, whose fate is still unknown. While outlining far from fully the exploits of Momysh-Ula, I consider it my duty to inform you and ask, on the basis of the above, in accordance with the statutes of the orders of the USSR, to honor Comrade Momysh-Ula within the limits that you consider possible, for justice requires this of me. Guard Colonel Momysh-Uly, born in 1910, Kazakh by nationality, member of the All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks) since 1942, participant in the Patriotic War since September 1941. In the Red Army since 1936, seriously wounded on December 5, 1941 in the Kryukovo area. Residence: Moscow, Kropotkina street, 19, Academy of the General Staff of the Red Army named after Voroshilov. Former commander of the 8th Guards Rifle Division of the Guard, Colonel Serebryakov. Head of the personnel department of the 8th Guards Division, Major Kondratov.

Momyshuly Baurzhan (1910-1982)

Baurzhan Momyshuly– Hero of the Soviet Union, writer, military man. Bauyrzhan Momyshuly was born on December 24, 1910 in the village of Kolbastau, Zhualinsky district, Zhambyl region, into a family of a cattle breeder. In 1929 he graduated from the Aulie-Ata school - 9 years. Until 1934, he worked in various positions: executive secretary of the district executive committee, deputy chairman of the district executive committee, assistant, and then district prosecutor, manager of the district agricultural and dairy farming department. From January to November 1932 he was the head of the State Planning Department of the Council of People's Commissars of the Kazakh SSR.

This is how the pre-war civilian career of Bauyrzhan Momyshuly developed. In 1934-1936, he was a senior consultant at the Kazakh Republican Office of the Industrial Bank of the USSR. At the same time, he completed short-term courses at the Leningrad Financial Academy.

Serious military events began to break into the life of the country one after another. Bauyrzhan tried on a soldier’s tunic back in 1932, when he was called up for active military service and enrolled as a cadet in the 14th Mountain Rifle Regiment. In 1933, he became a platoon commander in the same unit. After serving the required term, he was dismissed, and on March 25, 1936 he was called up again and appointed platoon commander in the 315th Infantry Regiment of the Central Asian Military District. A year later, his regiment joined the unit of the Separate Red Banner Far Eastern Army, and Baurzhan became the commander of a half-company.

Just before the start of the war, B. Momyshuly commanded artillery units in the 105th Infantry Division. In February 1940, he was assigned to Zhitomir as commander of the 202nd separate anti-tank division. In January 1941, an experienced artillery commander was sent deep into the country, to Almaty. Here, in July 1941, the newly formed headquarters of the new 316th Infantry Division began collecting reserves from Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan. Bauyrzhan Momyshuly was appointed commander of the rifle battalion of the 1073rd rifle regiment of the newly formed division. Next is the front. Fierce battles during the defense of Moscow in the fall of 1941. At a very critical moment for Panfilov’s men, in November 1941, Bauyrzhan Momyshuly received the 19th Guards Rifle Regiment, scorched by battles, under his command. Together with other units, the regiment does not allow the Germans to enter the capital. On December 19, 1941, Momyshuly was already a captain. Here are the lines from the certification sheet filled out on April 10, 1942: “Captain Momyshuly Bauyrzhan is a capable, strong-willed and decisive commander, demanding of himself and his subordinates. In battles with the Nazi invaders, he showed personal courage and selfless courage. For military merits, the division command presented Comrade Momyshuly with the highest government award - the Order of Lenin... (He will not receive this award. By order of the commander of the Kalinin Front No. 0196 of June 6, 1942, his first military award will be the Order of the Red Banner). He has good organizational skills and can skillfully lead the combat operations of regiment units. The position of deputy regiment commander corresponds to and is quite worthy of being awarded the next military rank of “major”. Since August 1942, Momyshuly has been a commander in his native Panfilov division.

This is what Baurzhan himself recalls about one of the episodes of his front-line biography: “A combat order was received, an order from the division headquarters... to take up defense on the western outskirts of the village, but in fact, the station... Kryukovo. There was only one goal - to prevent the enemy from reaching Moscow... I measured the distance with a compass, we were 30 kilometers from Moscow... The question naturally came to mind: will we hold out in Kryukovo?.. If we don’t hold out... then there must be a stop only in Moscow. At that moment Moscow was under bombing.

We manage to stop the Germans on the first day. On the second day in Kryukovo there is a six-hour street battle, on the third day there is a 12-hour street battle already in the center. Every other day, fierce street fighting takes place on the eastern outskirts for 18 hours.

We didn't give up the station. On December 8, 1941, in cooperation with other units that operated on the right and left flanks of the 8th Guards Division, having the 1073rd regiment in the center... we launched a counteroffensive and, after a strong four-hour artillery preparation, we knocked out the Germans from the station and from the village of Kryukovo , we capture a lot of trophies. In the 1073rd Regiment's sector alone, 18 tanks were captured... We approached Istra. Other units... began to pursue the enemy to Volokolamsk.”

In October 1942, B. Momyshuly was awarded the rank of lieutenant colonel, and eight months later - colonel. The wound received in the battles for Kryukovo made itself felt. He spent some time in the hospital. On January 21, 1945, B. Momyshuly was appointed deputy commander of the 9th Guards Rifle Division of the 6th Guards Army of the 1st Baltic Front with the post of division commander. In 1946, Bauyrzhan Momyshuly became a student of the Higher Order of Suvorov, 1st stage of the Military Academy named after. K.E.Voroshilova.

On June 16, 1948, B. Momyshuly was seconded to the disposal of the Council of Ministers of the Kazakh SSR in connection with his appointment as Chairman of the Central Committee of the Voluntary Society for Assistance to the Army "DOSARM" of the Kazakh SSR with his remaining in the Armed Forces.

At the end of 1948, Colonel Momyshuly was placed at the disposal of the Commander-in-Chief of the Ground Forces and was deputy commander of the 49th separate rifle brigade in the East Siberian Military District. In 1950, he was a senior lecturer at the department of general tactics and operational art at the Military Academy of Logistics and Supply named after V.M. Molotov in Kalinin. He retired from the Soviet Army in 1955 due to illness.

His military awards: Order of the Red Banner and the Patriotic War, 1st degree, medals “For Military Merit”, “For the Defense of Moscow”, “For Victory over Germany”. Thanks to the persistence of President N.A. Nazarbayev, in 1990, before the very last day of the Union’s existence, a decree was signed awarding Bauyrzhan Momyshuly the title of Hero of the Soviet Union posthumously.

Bauyrzhan Momyshuly entered literature in an unusual way. For the first time, readers became acquainted with him not as the creator, but as the hero of a work of art. It was Alexander Bek's story “Volokolamsk Highway”. The main character in this story was Panfilov officer, hero of the defense of Moscow Bauyrzhan Momyshuly. Alexander Beck created this book based on his stories and memories.

B. Momyshuly is the author of collections of stories “An Officer’s Diary”, “The Story of One Night”, “Moscow is Behind Us”, a biographical story about General I.V. Panfilov “Our General”, a book of stories and short stories “Our Family”, for which B. Momyshuly was awarded the State Prize of the Kazakh SSR in 1976. He wrote travel essays “Cuban Encounters” (1965) and others.

105th birthday (12/24/1910 - 06/10/1982),
Hero of the Soviet Union, People's Hero of Kazakhstan

Baurzhan was born on December 24, 1910. Baurzhan's mother died early. He was raised by his father Momynali and grandmother. From the age of 13, Baurzhan was forced to live in boarding schools.

In Momyshuly’s autobiography it is written:

Personal file K-39456
Collective farm "Urak-Balga", Dzhuvalinsky district, South Kazakhstan region

AUTOBIOGRAPHY

Guard Colonel Baurdzhan Momysh-uly. Born on December 24, 1910 in the Kuyuk volost, Aulie-Ata district, Syrdarya province in the village of Kolbastau, now Dzhuvalinsky district, collective farm "Urak-Balga" of the South Kazakhstan region, in the family of a nomadic herder.

From 1921 to 1928 studied and graduated from a 9-year school in Aulie-Ata.

March 1928 The District Congress of Soviets of the Dzhuvalinsky district was elected to the Presidium of the District Executive Committee, where until 1932 he worked in various positions: executive secretary of the Presidium of the District Executive Committee, head of Raizu (Deputy Chairman of the District Executive Committee), Head of RUMUR, assistant district prosecutor, then district Prosecutor, manager of the Raikoophlebzhivomolfieldvodsoyuz.
From January 1932 to November 1932 he worked as the head of the State Planning Committee S-K Kaz sector. SSR.

On November 7, 1932 he was called up for active military service on a general basis. He served in active military service in a team of one-year students at the 14th State Military Commission of the North Caucasus.

In January 1934, he passed the external test to become a platoon commander and retired to the reserve. He entered short-term courses at the Leningrad Financial Academy, after which in March 1936 he was drafted a second time into the ranks of the Red Army; he served from March 1936 to January 1937 - as a platoon commander of the regimental battery of the 315th joint venture, 105th SD of the Far Eastern Army.

January 1937 to January 1938 - assistant battery commander of the same regiment, January 1938 to February 1940 - battery commander of the same regiment. In February 1940, he was appointed to the post of commander of the 202 Separate Anti-Tank Division in Zhitomir, but due to the employment of this position, he did not actually command this division and was appointed to the post of PNSh-1 Infantry Regiment of the 24 Infantry Division KOVO in Zhitomir, where worked until January 1, 1941. From February 1941 to June 1941 he worked as a senior instructor of non-military training of the Kazakh Republican Military Commissariat.

From June 1941 to November 26, 1941, he commanded the rifle battalion 1073 SP 316 SD of the Western Front near Moscow.

From November 26, 1941 to August 1942, he commanded the 19 (1073) Guards Rifle Regiment of the 8 (316) Guards Rifle Division, first on the Western Front near Moscow, the Kalinin Front near Staraya Russa and near Kholm.

In August 1942, he was appointed deputy commander of the 8th Guards Rifle Division for combat units, but was not actually in this position; he continued to command the 19th Guards Regiment until November 27, 1943.

He received the military rank from senior lieutenant to colonel while commanding the 19th Guards Regiment. From December 1943 to March 1944 he was treated in hospital due to illness.

March 1944 to December 1944 - student of advanced training courses at the Academy of the General Staff, Moscow.

January 1945 to present - commander of the 9th Guards Rifle Red Banner Division.

Joined the party in April 1942. b. No. 4445000.

By Order of the Kalinin Front Troops No. 0196 of June 6, 1942, he was awarded the Order of the Red Banner. He was not captured in territory temporarily occupied by the Germans. He and his relatives have not been abroad, and have not been under investigation or trial.

My mother died in 1911, my father in 1939. I have no brothers. Married, I have two children, the family lives in Almaty, st. Furmanova, house 94, apt. 22.

Bauyrzhan Momyshuly heroically and selflessly fought the enemy during the Great Patriotic War. The battle of Moscow occupies a special place in his biography. Momyshuly also distinguished himself in the battles for our city. From the award list of Baurzhan Momyshuly:

...So, being the commander of the battalion of the 1073rd regiment, he fought 27 battles in conditions of maneuver defense near Moscow in 1941. Breaking away from the division in order to carry out tasks behind enemy lines, he successfully completed assigned tasks 5 times under conditions of encirclement and skillfully led his battalion and the unit assigned to it to join the main units, preserving people and equipment.

On October 26, 1941, Comrade Momysh-uly B. led 690 people, 18 artillery harnesses and 30 carts from encirclement to the city of Volokolamsk, after stubborn fighting on the first line. At the same time, he conducted an organized battle to remove the battalion from encirclement at intermediate lines over a distance of 35 km.

In these battles, the battles given to the division in the area of Safatovo, Milovany (Milovanye), Ryukhovskoye and Spas-Ryukhovskoye were of particular importance for the division, when the battalion crashed into the tail of the German columns advancing on Volokolamsk, which contributed to gaining time and separating the main force of the division from pursuit enemy and a two-day delay of the main enemy forces in the Volokolamsk direction. In the battles for the city of Volokolamsk from October 27, 1941 to November 15, 1941, the Momysh-uly battalion was repeatedly distinguished by its actions in defeating the German invaders.

For these exploits, the division commander on November 7, 1941 nominated him for the Order of Lenin. But the fate of the award list is unknown, and well-deserved feats remained unmarked.

From 11/16/1941 to 11/20/1941, the battalion under his command fought under conditions of encirclement in the area of the village of Goryuny on the Volokolamsk highway, Matrenino station, cutting off the main routes of movement of the main enemy forces advancing on Moscow. At this time, the main units of the division were retreating to an intermediate line and the actions of the battalion ensured the separation of the division's forces from the advancing enemy. In these battles, the battalion destroyed up to 600 Nazis, 6 tanks and captured trophies: 6 heavy machine guns, 12 light machine guns, 2 guns, 8 radio stations, 2 staff vehicles with documents, including many secret documents deciphering the main forces of the Volokolamsk group.

On November 20, 1941, having broken through the encirclement ring, waging constant battles behind enemy lines for 3 days, on November 23, 1941 he joined his regiment. He brought with him 350 people, 2 guns, 16 carts, 4 heavy machine guns.

In the area of the village of Lopastino-Desyatidvorka, Momysh-uly B., with one anti-tank gun, two mortars, two heavy machine guns and half a platoon of soldiers, made a night raid on the enemy’s location, where up to 200 enemy soldiers were destroyed. This feat was not recognized with a state award.

From November 26 to 30, 1941, while commanding the regiment, he fought stubborn battles in the area of the village of Sokolovo, repulsing enemy attacks for four days, despite intense air bombing.

In the battles for the station and the village of Kryukovo, the regiment was in the center of the division's battle formation and fought stubborn defensive battles from November 30 to December 7, 1941.

On December 5, in these battles, Momysh-uly B. was wounded, but did not leave the battlefield and continued to lead his subordinates until December 7, 1941.

In the battles in the Kryukovo area, up to a regiment of enemy infantry, 18 tanks and a lot of other equipment were destroyed.

During the winter offensive near Moscow, Momysh-uly B. with one and a half battalions of riflemen, in a bold night raid, defeated the reserves of the SS division “Totenkopf” and captured the junction of six roads with the settlements of Borodino, Barklavitsa, Trashkovo, Trokhovo, Konyusheno, Vashkovo and thus on February 6 1942 ensured the fulfillment of the division's mission, depriving the enemy of ways and opportunities to transfer reserves to the Sokolov group, which stubbornly defended the village of Sokolovo for three days.

February 9, 1942 in the Bol area. Zheludkovo with a platoon of regiment scouts came across retreating enemy units in the amount of up to 600 people and 8 tanks. A sudden fire raid scattered the enemy, killing up to 200 enemy soldiers and capturing important operational documents.

From February 27 to May 13, 1942, the regiment, taking up defensive positions in unfavorable conditions in a wooded and swampy area on a wide front in the area of the villages of Dubrovka-Koblaki, being in the “fire bag” of three enemy air regiments, repelled up to a hundred attacks without losing a single meter land and inflicting heavy losses on the enemy.

For the courage and heroism shown in the battle of Moscow, the commander of the 8th Guards Rifle Division of the Guard, Colonel Ivan Ivanovich Serebryakov

in August 1942, Captain Momyshuly was nominated by the Guard for the title of Hero of the Soviet Union. In July 1944, Serebryakov addressed the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR with a statement: “I consider it my duty to inform you and ask... to note Comrade Momyshuly... because justice requires this of me.” This idea remained unanswered for a long time. Justice triumphed only in 1990. Baurdzhan Momyshuly was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union posthumously.

DECREE

PRESIDENT OF THE UNION OF SOVIET SOCIALIST REPUBLICS

on conferring the title of Hero of the Soviet Union
active participants in the Great Patriotic War of 1941 - 1945

For the courage and heroism shown in the fight against the Nazi invaders in the Great Patriotic War of 1941 - 1945, award the title of HERO OF THE SOVIET UNION

(posthumously):

MOMYSHULY Baurdzhan - Colonel
KHABEKOV Umar Khamidovich - captain

The president
Union of Soviet Socialist Republics

M. GORBACHEV

After the end of the war, among the distinguished commanders, Momyshuly was accepted to study at the Academy of the General Staff. Upon graduation from the Academy, he is awarded the title of professor.

Bauyrzhan Momyshuly forever entered the history of military science as the author of tactical maneuvers and strategies. He lectured on combat training at the Higher Academy of the General Staff, as well as during a visit to Cuba in 1963. Momyshuly is considered the founder of Russian military philosophy. His “Psychology of War” remains to this day the most profound analysis of the psychology of a soldier. They say that Momyshuly’s military experience is studied separately in military educational institutions in the USA, Cuba, Israel, and Nicaragua.

In 1956, despite a solid military career, military merits and recognized innovative ideas in the field of tactics and combat, Momyshuly was dismissed. “Inconvenient” - this is how Bakhytzhan Momyshuly succinctly and accurately characterizes the attitude of the authorities towards his father.

After finishing his military service, Bauyrzhan Momyshuly burst into the literary world as a master of novels and short stories. But Momyshuly began to engage in literary work long before the war. As his son Bakhytzhan wrote, the family archive contains notebooks with notes made in the 40s, 30s and even 20s. Many of these recordings formed the basis for the books “Volokolamsk Highway”, “Moscow is Behind Us”, “The Story of One Night”. They say that Momyshuly made notes in notebooks, on scraps of paper and even empty cigarette packs at every step. He wrote in a trench, in a dugout, in a hospital bed. Writing was his greatest need in life.

A man of difficult fate, Baurzhan Momyshuly was a man of strong, uncompromising character, who always spoke the truth to his face. Apparently this deprived him of his well-deserved title and rank.

“In 1960, Baurzhan Momyshuly went to Cuba at the invitation of the Cuban government.

As you know, Momyshuly was an idol for Ernest Che Guevara and Fidel Castro, and “Volokolamsk Highway” was one of the favorite books of Comandante Che and Castro. At this time, Fidel Castro was in Moscow, Che Guevara had already left to make revolutions in other countries, and Baurzhan was met by Raul Castro. Momyshuly decided to invite young Cuban rebels to his home in Alma-Ata to stay with the colonel. No one expected that they would accept the invitation, and when they arrived in Alma-Ata, it was a surprise.”

In 1975, on the 30th anniversary of the Victory, the authorities did not consider it necessary to invite the hero of this war to the opening of a memorial dedicated to 28 Panfilov heroes (Almaty, Medeu district). The old colonel appeared himself. Everyone knew his face; none of the guards raised their hand to stop the honored warrior. Momyshuly walked unhindered to the memorial, saluted his fallen comrades, and stood on the podium where the first secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Kazakhstan, Dinmukhamed Akhmedovich Kunaev, stood.

Baurzhan Momyshuly with his stepdaughter Shapiga Musina.
Photo from a family album

From the memoirs of Momyshuly’s stepdaughter Shapiga Musina:

“Baurzhan Momyshuly died on June 10, 1982, when there was a celebration of the 250th anniversary of the annexation of Kazakhstan to Russia. If the very annexation of Kazakhstan to Russia was a political agreement, then under the communist regime this holiday became ideological.

The republic was preparing for the celebration, and the authorities hid the fact of Momyshuly’s death, fearing that this might interfere with the celebration and cause confusion. But it was difficult to hide the death of such a famous person, and rumors about his death began to quickly spread throughout Kazakhstan.

...The civil funeral service was scheduled for 10 a.m. in the building of the Theater for Young Spectators, which was located on Kommunistichesky Avenue (Abylay Khan). The flow of people was enormous, and the funeral procession, with orders, awards, soldiers with rifles - this whole procession was practically crushed, as a crowd of people poured in crying, screaming, sobbing, singing funeral songs, and the funeral turned into a national farewell.”

Like a legend the name lasts - Baurdzhan Momysh-uly,
a cavalry saber, like a memory from the darkness,
Baurdzhan Momysh-Uly...
The name is short, like a bullet, the name is terrible, like a tornado...
Front-line crossroads: life is nearby, and death is nearby.
As if a memory from the darkness - Baurdzhan Momysh-Uly...
Just like that bright Volokolamsk night, a hellish night.
You are among us - a living story about Panfilov's guardsmen,
and your gray feather feathers rustle lightly and boldly.
Chronicler and warrior - you bent over your notebook,
and line by line - inch by inch - you save the world again

Syrbai Maulenov

Momyshuly’s military biography formed the basis for a number of works of art, films, and plays. She is in the books of B. Momyshuly himself: “Moscow is behind us”, “Our general”, “Our family”, “The story of one night”, “Front-line meetings”, “Psychology of war”, “Back”, “Platoon commander Nikolai Redin”, “Cuban Meetings” and others, in the books of his son Bakhytzhan Momyshuly “Ascent to the Father”, “In the Name of the Father”, as well as writers Alexander Bek “Volokolamsk Highway”, Malik Gabdullin “My Friends at the Front”, Dmitry Snegin “On the Distant Approaches” " and "On the offensive", Alexander Krivitsky "I will never forget." Writer Pyotr Vershigora, author of the novel “People with a Clear Conscience,” said: “We know the military exploits of Baurzhan Momysh-uly. Having become a writer, he accomplished a second feat. Both feats, in my opinion, are equivalent.”

In 2005, on Oktyabrskaya Square in the city of Volokolamsk, a bust of Hero of the Soviet Union Baurdzhan Momyshuly was unveiled at the monument to Volokolamsk soldiers who died on the fronts of the Great Patriotic War.

In the Museum of Panfilov Heroes in the village of Nelidovo there is a stand on which the personal belongings of the commander of the 1073rd Infantry Regiment Bauyrzhan Momyshuly are presented.

In 2010, celebrating the centenary of the birth of Momyshuly, in Almaty at the entrance to the park named after. The townspeople erected a monument to the 28 Panfilov guardsmen in honor of the national hero.

On March 19, 2010, with the assistance of the Embassy of Kazakhstan in Moscow, secondary school No. 229 in Zelenograd was named after Bauyrzhan Momyshuly. This choice is due to the fact that the school is located near the Kryukovo station, where B. Momyshuly fought and was wounded. On September 1, 2010, a bust monument to the Hero of the Soviet Union was inaugurated on the school grounds.

List of literature about Bauyrzhan Momyshuly

Volokolamsk border, October 1941 - January 1942 [Text] / [author: Shumova L.A., Shirokov V.V.]. - [Podolsk] [Podolsk offset factory. print] : [b. i.], 2015. - 326 p. : ill. - From the contents. : Biography - B. Momyshuly. - P. 121: photo.

They didn’t stand behind the price: [diary entries of B. Momyshuly for the period from 10/18/1941 to 11/02/1941] / prepared. V. Shirokov // Volokolam. edge. - 2014. - No. 4. - P. 20 - 21 6 photos.

Kazakh sage of the Volokolamsk battles / prep. Elena Danilova // Volokolam. edge. - 2010. - No. 18. - P. 6: ill.

Who was who in the Great Patriotic War. 1941 - 1945. People. Events. Data. [Text]: reference book. - M: Republic, 2000. - 431 p. : ill. - From the contents. : Momyshuly Bauyrzhan. - With. 175.

Legendary Batyr. To the centenary of the birth of Hero of the Soviet Union Bauyrzhan Momyshuly [Text]: documents, archival materials, memories. - M.: Lenom, 2009. - 416 p. : ill.

Roshchupkin, Vladimir. Behind us was Moscow... / Vladimir Roshchupkin // Moscow region. A week. - 2010. - No. 14. - P. 5: photo.

Roshchupkin, V. T. Behind them was Moscow...: [presentation of the book “The Legendary Batyr”] / V. T. Roshchupkin // Moscow Region Chronicler. - 2010. - No. 2. - P. 84 - 85: ill.

Materials used from sites:
http://ztgzt.kz/in-the-stream-of-stories/kto-est-bauyrzhan-momyshuly.html
http://www.uniquekazakhstan.info/ru/faces/unikalnaya-lichnost-hh-veka
http://history.voxpopuli.kz/history/1110-podvig-panfilovtsev.html
http://rgakfd.altsoft.spb.ru/showObject.do?object=1500012011
http://rus.azattyq.org/content/baurzhan_momyshuly_and_his_step_daughter_shapiga_musina/
24464177.html

Prepared by: G. Kulakova
employee of the local history information sector

, Kazakh SSR, USSR

In 1940 he returned to Kazakhstan and worked as a senior instructor at the Kazvoenkomat.

In the battles of the Great Patriotic War from September 1941, as part of the 316th Infantry Division under the command of Major General I.V. Panfilov.

The heroic combat path of the battalion under the command of Bauyrzhan Momysh-uly is described in the art-historical book by Alexander Bek “Volokolamsk Highway”.

Momysh-uly’s commanding abilities were noticed, and after a month of heavy fighting he was appointed regiment commander - personally by the commander of the 16th Army K.K. Rokossovsky.

Momyshuly on a commemorative postage stamp of Kazpost, 2000