The time for final exams has already begun. Every summer, after the final bell rings and before graduation is celebrated, students in grades 9 and 11 take exams.
OGE - what it is, and how students prepare for such a responsible period of life - this is what our article is about.
What is OGE - transcript
What is OGE? This abbreviation stands for Main State Exam. Absolutely all ninth grade graduates are required to take it, regardless of whether the graduate will continue their studies or not.
How to pass the OGE
Graduates are required to take four subjects. Russian language and mathematics are compulsory, and the student chooses two more subjects himself.
March 1 is the deadline for selecting items to submit. Students with disabilities have the right not to take additional subjects.
To pass the OGE, the graduate is given the opportunity to choose an additional course. items. The school administration enters the student’s choice into the general register, in which the results are compiled. Based on them, a certain number of packages with tasks will be sent.
Schoolchildren write exams in their schools, with their teachers as examiners. Having written the exam, students can only wait for the results, which are announced within a week.
What do they take in 9th grade?
Required subjects for 9th grade are mathematics and Russian language. If a student does not plan to enter 10th grade, then these two subjects will be enough for him.
If, after all, a graduate wants to continue his studies in grades 10 and 11, he needs to pass not only mathematics and Russian, but also two additional subjects of his choice.
The easiest subjects to pass the OGE
The easiest subject to pass in the humanities is social studies. More than half of graduates take it.
This subject is the easiest to understand and remember. The science of social science is aimed at studying life, therefore the student can take part of the information from life experience.
In the technical direction, the easiest, according to graduates, is computer science and ICT. This, like social studies, is passed by the majority of students.
Computer science is simple due to the monotony of its tasks. But no one cancels the fact that you need to know the school base. On the contrary, you need to understand and learn it, and together with it, be able to solve many options.
How many points do you need to score to pass the OGE?
Each subject has its own passing scores. In the Russian language, the passing minimum is 15 points, and for mathematics it is enough to score 8.
Is it difficult to get that amount? It’s better to ask the graduates themselves about this.
OGE grading system - scoring by subjects
Behind Russian language if you receive from 0 to 14 points, a score of “2” is given. From 15 to 24 – score “3”. From 25 to 33 – score “4”. From 34 to 39 the mark “5” is put.
Behind mathematics when receiving from 0 to 7 points, the mark “2” is given. From 8 to 14 points – score “3”. From 15 to 21 – mark “4”. From 22 to 32 - the graduate receives a grade of “5”.
By physics The following scale is adopted: if there are from 0 to 9 points, a score of “2” is given. From 10 to 19 points – score “3”. From 20 to 30 – score “4”. If there are more than 30 points, the graduate receives a “5” mark.
By typing biology less than 13 points, the graduate receives a “2”. From 13 to 25 - the score is “3”. If there are 26 – 36 points, the graduate will receive a “4” mark. If a graduate scores over 36, he will receive a “5”.
By geography To pass the threshold, you must score more than 11 points. To get a “4” you need to get from 20 to 26. To get the highest mark, you need to score more than 26 points.
Passing minimum computer science and ICT- 5 points. To get a “4” you need to score from 12 to 17. To get a “5” you need above 17 points.
To be enrolled in grade 10, you need to score 31 points in Russian, 19 in mathematics, 24 in geography, 15 points in computer science and ICT, 30 in physics, and 33 points in biology.
What is the difference between the OGE and the Unified State Exam?
These two methods of testing knowledge are very similar. The significant difference lies in two aspects:
- The first is how the knowledge test is administered. Students take the OGE at their schools. And the examination committee is the teachers of the given school. To write the Unified State Exam, students are invited to other schools in the city, where other teachers will be the supervisors. The work of graduates is checked by an independent commission, organized by the district education committee.
- The second difference is admission to the exam. In 9th grade, anyone who does not have a failure in the subjects taken is allowed to take the exam. In the 11th grade, admission to the exam is not only positive grades, but also, more recently, the final essay. His students write in early December. It is assessed according to five criteria, for each of which you can score a maximum of five points. The evaluation criterion is the correspondence of the written essay to the given topic. The criteria also include the presence of argumentation, and one of the arguments must be taken from literary sources.
The third evaluation criterion is the composition of the essay and the presence of logic in the text.
The fourth is the quality of writing. The student must clearly and clearly express his thoughts using different grammatical structures.
The fifth criterion is literacy. If five or more errors are made, 0 points are given for this item. If points 1 and 2 are given 0 points, then the essay is not checked further and the graduate receives a “failure”.
What happens if you don’t pass the OGE
If a student fails the exam and receives an unsatisfactory grade in the core subjects, he is given the opportunity to retake these exams on reserve days.
But if the graduate does not score the required points the second time, then instead of a certificate he will receive a certificate of completion of training. Retaking these subjects is possible only next year.
How to pass the OGE well in 9th grade
To successfully prepare for the OGE, you can turn to tutors for help. For a very expensive fee, the student will be purposefully prepared to pass a certain subject.
If, after all, the student decides to prepare for the upcoming exams on his own, he should follow some tips:
- It is necessary to determine what form of memorization the graduate has. Perhaps visual, then you should take more notes on the material, highlight information with all kinds of markers, and divide it into blocks. If the student has a more developed auditory form of memorization, then he should read more and speak out loud the information he has read.
- It is better to spend one or two hours preparing every day than to spend the whole day studying textbooks.
- To prepare, you need to organize self-discipline. It is very important to start preparing at least six months in advance. If a student cannot independently organize his work, parents need to help and try to control the preparation.
Conclusion
Once again about what OGE is. This abbreviation is translated as the main state exam and means a form of testing the knowledge of 9th grade students.
In turn, the Unified State Exam, called the Unified State Exam. exam, tests the knowledge of 11th grade graduates and opens the way for them to obtain higher education.
There are myths circulating online and among schoolchildren that USE tasks are written by certain people who can be found and asked for answers to the tasks. It is not true.
Since its introduction in 2001, the Unified State Exam of the Russian Federation has caused rejection and a lot of controversy. Nevertheless, the exam has been held for 17 years. At the same time, entire government structures have appeared that have been working all year to create the USE KIM. CMMs are control measuring materials. The most important thing in creating the Unified State Exam KIM is the assignments on the subject.
KIM Unified State Examinations are created at FIPI. FIPI is the Federal Institute of Pedagogical Measurements. At this institute, two teams work for each subject.
The first team is the team of compilers. FKR is the Federal Development Commission. This group of people compiles KIMs, as well as all accompanying methodological documentation. The composition of the FKR is very large; it includes specialists and methodologists from leading educational institutions of the Russian Federation.
FKR carries out activities on:
- CMM development;
- hotline counseling during the exam period;
- preparation of a summary analytical report on the results of the Unified State Examination;
- developing a methodology for checking tasks with detailed answers;
- checking USE work outside the Russian Federation;
- advising subject and conflict commissions;
- replenishment of the bank of open Unified State Exam tasks.
The second team is a team of experts. NMS - scientific and methodological council. This is a group of people who examines the completed assignments and approves them. The NMS consists of 11-20 members from among leading experts in the subject profile.
NMS carries out:
- discussion and consultation on the general methodology for compiling the Unified State Exam KIM and conducting the examination campaign;
- examination of methodological documentation and CMMs;
- preparation and discussion in the professional community of possible changes and innovations in the Unified State Exam methodology.
Let's talk about the creation of the Unified State Exam KIM in more detail.
Of course, it is very difficult to describe the entire procedure for creating an USE CMM, but we will try.
First stage.
A group of school teachers, university teachers and methodologists create a bank of tasks. There are quite a lot of these tasks. All tasks are recorded and collected in one place.
Second phase.
A group of editors begins proofreading all assignments. Invalid tasks are deleted from the bank.
Third stage
A group of methodologists begins checking all assignments for compliance with the Federal State Educational Standard and school curricula in the subject.
Fourth stage
This is testing on control groups of schoolchildren. A task is considered suitable for the exam if, according to certain methods of calculating results, the coefficient of correct answers corresponds to accepted standards.
Fifth stage
A group of developers creates a certain number of options for the Unified State Exam KIM, which undergo examination. The expert council gives an opinion and a decision is made on their approval.
Since 2016, the FIPI journal “Pedagogical Dimensions” began to be published. In this magazine you can learn about the people who head subject commissions.
In this magazine you can find out:
- Last name, first name and patronymic, as well as the qualifications of those who create CIMs and analyze the results of the past examination campaign.
- After reading the magazine, you can get as close as possible to the logic and methodological framework used by the compilers of the Unified State Exam KIM.
- The magazine also publishes preparations for future changes in the structure and content of CIMs.
As can be seen from all of the above, the Unified State Exam KIMs are some of the best specialists in the country and, nevertheless, as critics of the Unified State Exam note, the tasks are in some cases compiled with errors. We have never encountered any errors.
Main State Exam (OGE) - This is the main type of exam for 9th grade graduates in Russian secondary schools. Passing the OGE is required to enter 10th grade. The results of the OGE influence the grades on the certificate. Graduates of 9 classes of general education institutions take 2 required exams(Russian language and mathematics) and 2 exams in elective subjects. According to the new Procedure for conducting state final certification for educational programs of basic general education, students take exams in other academic subjects on a voluntary basis of their choice.
New form of OGE (GIA-9)
Since 2004, the GIA has been tested in a new form in Russia. People call it the Unified State Exam for ninth-graders, since graduates solve tasks in a standardized form. According to the new law “On Education in the Russian Federation,” state final certification for grade 9 is mandatory. Since 2014, the GIA has become main state exam (OGE). This means that ninth grade graduates will no longer be able to take final exams in the traditional form (using tickets).
Since 2015, the OGE KIMs are no longer divided into parts A, B and C: the exam paper is divided into 2 parts, and the tasks are continuously numbered. However, this does not mean that tests have completely disappeared from exams. The tasks to choose one correct option from several offered remained. It’s just that now you will need to write down the correct answer on the answer form with the corresponding number, and not with a cross.
The GIA can be taken in 14 general education subjects.
Required items:
- Russian language
- mathematics
Optional subjects:
- social science
- story
- physics
- biology
- chemistry
- literature
- computer science and ICT
- geography
- English language
- French
- German
- Spanish
Students studying the languages and literature of the peoples of the Russian Federation (native language and literature) have the right to choose these subjects to take the OGE (State Examination) form.
Features of conducting the OGE in some subjects
- OGE in physics includes an experimental part
- The OGE in chemistry can be taken in one of 2 options: with or without a real experiment
- OGE in foreign languages has an oral part
- Personal computers are used in the computer science exam
Who participates in the OGE?
The following are allowed to take the OGE:
- graduates of the 9th grade of general education institutions of the Russian Federation with annual grades in all subjects not lower than “3”;
- graduates with one “2”, with the condition that they will take an exam in this subject;
- foreign citizens, stateless persons, refugees and internally displaced persons studying in a general educational institution;
- graduates of previous years who did not receive a certificate.
OGE results
Final grades in compulsory OGE subjects are included in the certificate as follows:
- if the annual mark and the mark received at the OGE differ by 1 point, a higher mark is entered into the certificate;
- if the difference between the annual mark and the mark received on the OGE is more than one point, then the arithmetic average of these marks is entered into the certificate.
Since 2017, the results of the General Examination (including unsatisfactory ones) in two elective subjects affect the grades in the certificate of basic education.
The region may introduce, in addition to the certificate, a document confirming the results of the OGE.
The results of the OGE can be taken into account by the school when forming specialized 10th grades.
If you received a “D” on the OGE
If a graduate receives an unsatisfactory grade in one or two subjects at the OGE, he is allowed to retake these exams at additional times.
If the graduate fails to pass the test even within the additional time frame, instead of a certificate he will be given a certificate of completion of training. The certificate indicates the subjects in which “D” grades were received. It will be possible to retake these subjects only next year. At the discretion of the parents (legal representatives, guardians), the graduate may be retained for repeated studies.
9th grade is the first important stage in the life of a schoolchild, which for many teenagers is already decisive. After all, after the 9th grade, not all students remain within the walls of their native school, but, on the contrary, are eager to quickly master their future profession by entering colleges and technical schools. We can say that the document with which teenagers graduate from the 9th grade is a kind of professional diploma of maturity.
But to get it, you still need to try a lot in 2019. We will tell you right now what changes await schoolchildren upon completion of 9th grade in 2019.
Changes in the OGE in 2019
The OGE was implemented over several years, and during these several years officials observed the nuances of the process, monitored the subtleties and identified a number of important shortcomings in the conduct of the OGE. Therefore, in 2019 the procedure was slightly improved. Back in 2014 and 2015, the following rules for passing the OGE by schoolchildren were in effect:
- Students were given the opportunity to receive a paper indicating that they had passed the examination tests if they received a positive assessment for passing at least 2 school subjects.
- Schoolchildren could themselves determine the format in which they would take the exam. Previously, there were 2 types of obtaining a diploma at the end of the 9th grade - taking the GVE or OGE to choose from. The difference between these varieties is that the GVE tests school knowledge more, and the OGE monitors educational methods and the process.
If you look even earlier, the state certification for 9th grade students was simplified as much as possible and brought closer to the usual assessment of knowledge, which was known back in the days of the Soviet Deputies. Therefore, teenagers easily and simply passed final exams and calmly continued to enter their chosen educational institutions. The Ministry of Education, in turn, considered that the quality of the tests left much to be desired, so it significantly complicated the procedure. In their opinion, now she has become more objective.
So, 9th grade graduates in 2019 will be faced with the following innovations:
- If earlier the mandatory subjects for passing were two main ones and two optional ones, today their number has increased to four. In 2019, teenagers in large numbers ignored the opportunity to attend additional exams.
- It is expected that a foreign language will be one of the compulsory subjects.
Reaction of experts and parents to changes in the OGE in 2019
Experts expressed their point of view regarding changes in the OGE for students in the 9th grade. The Ministry of Education is too zealous in taking care of children who will now have to sit down at textbooks for a long time to pass exams. Parents of teenagers share the same opinion, believing that at this rate it will soon be easier to get a job than to finish school.
However, officials insist on their own, explaining their decision by the desire to improve the knowledge of students in the 9th grade; the course of increasing disciplines is planned to be maintained at least until 2020. If in 2018 children take tests in the following subjects: mathematics, Russian language, social studies, foreign language, then in 2019 knowledge of computer science will most likely be added, and in 2020 testing will take 6 subjects at once.
We turned to psychologists for advice so that they could give their own, independent assessment of the burden placed on the shoulders of children in the 9th grade. Psychologists confirmed parents’ fears that worries and worries, huge responsibility for the outcome of exams can lead not only to nervous breakdowns in the child’s psyche, but also to other concomitant diseases, for example, gastritis, sleep disorders, and neuritis. Not only teenagers who show mediocre academic results can suffer, but also suspicious people who are not ready at their age for thorough tests.
How is the OGE passed?
In 2019, in order to be able to say that “I passed the OGE,” but first you need to obtain admission to the final tests. To do this, schoolchildren write an essay on the Russian language. If the child passes the essay and receives a positive mark, he can proceed to the subsequent knowledge test. If the grade is unsatisfactory, the essay must be rewritten.
Preliminary assessment of knowledge is carried out in February and April 2019. In winter, schoolchildren have already taken Russian and one more elective subject, the rest is taken in the spring.
Positive aspects of passing the OGE in 2019
Among other changes in the OGE for ninth-graders, you can find a number of positive aspects that help teenagers pass exams in any case:
- students will receive several options to retake a subject in which they received negative results;
- the test results are not included in the general certificate of completion of the course of secondary education (the general certificate has only an average annual mark);
- In 2018, the decision of officials on the formation of a unified assessment system did not come into effect; this project remains postponed until 2019.
That is, each region of the country still sets its own passing scores. However, teachers in the regions are already taking into account recommendations regarding minimum scores, below which it is impossible to lower the plan.
What to do if a student does not pass the OGE
Let's imagine the most difficult situation - the results for passing the discipline are received in hand and, to put it mildly, they shock not only the child, but also the parents. The grade is “unsatisfactory”, I didn’t pass – that’s the teachers’ verdict. What does it mean? Are you no longer eligible to go to college, are you expelled from school, or are you losing a year back in 9th grade?
In fact, neither parents nor students should panic - the situation can still be corrected. The fact is that in 2019, you can retake the same discipline up to 3 times, and the graduate retains the right to decide in what form to take the exam - in test mode or using tickets. Moreover, you can do this even if you received a “satisfactory” grade and were still dissatisfied.
What should you concentrate on at this moment? No hysterics, calculate which topics and sections of the failed subject are best to improve. If you are not confident in your own abilities, seek help from a tutor who will improve the teenager’s knowledge to an acceptable level, using a certain procedure for studying the material.
Talk to your child, there is no need to spread rot and scold him. Discuss the problem, why this happened and how best to get out of this situation, explain that this is really important for him, so he needs to work a little. Moral support in this case is important; when a child is believed in, he gains confidence in his own abilities.
If a child was not very conscientious about his classes, missed a lot without a good reason and preferred hanging out on the street to study, did not pass the OGE - a completely understandable outcome of events, as they say, the student and parents have no one to blame but themselves. The situation is completely different when a teenager showed excellent and good results during his studies, but ultimately received poor results. Indeed, there are cases when, due to excitement, nervousness, inattention and absent-mindedness, students receive low grades, which clearly underestimate their actual level of knowledge.
In this case, you can apply for an appeal, the teaching staff will meet again and review the written work more carefully. If the mark is confirmed and it turns out that the teenager did not pass the discipline, then the student has no choice but to start preparing for the exam again.
There is no need to count on the possibility of cheating or using cheat sheets; this method will not work during the OGE. Of course, they will not use metal detectors, but the mobile phone should be put aside. Negligent attitude to this rule may lead to the expulsion of the disobedient student from the class, which means that another chance to pass the exam is irrevocably lost.
If a student fails to pass two subjects and receives “unsatisfactory” marks in both subjects, he must be prepared to be sent for re-education to the 9th grade for the second year. This happens rarely, but it also happens. That is why the Unified State Exam is called the mini Unified State Exam; today these tests are very similar in terms of the level of requirements.
What to do if you need to take the Unified State Exam early? There must be a good reason for this, and this factor will have to be communicated to the teaching staff. A valid reason may include leaving with adults, parents, or guardians outside the borders of the Russian Federation for a temporary or permanent place of residence.
Those who also passed the OGE ahead of schedule in 2019 include athletes who need to go to scheduled competitions, talented children participating in Olympiads and competitions of international importance, who have extraordinary knowledge.
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GIA is the general name for the state final certification for grades 9 and 11. It is easy for schoolchildren and their parents to get confused in alphabetic abbreviations, because there is also the OGE, GVE and Unified State Exam.
What is GIA and how to understand these concepts?
GIA - state final certification, denotes compulsory examinations in the ninth and eleventh grades. Each type of exam has its own name:
- 9th grade - OGE (main state exam). It is called basic for a reason - absolutely all schoolchildren in the country take it.
- 11th grade - Unified State Exam (Unified State Exam). This exam is taken only by those who complete 11th grade and enter universities.
1 OGE exam
Let's take a closer look at the exam in the 9th grade: all Russian schoolchildren pass this form of final certification, unlike the Unified State Exam. Based on the results of the Unified State Exam, the student will be able to continue his studies and pass the Unified State Exam in two years or enter a college or technical school.
It is often compared to the Unified State Exam - indeed, the format of its conduct is similar to the Unified State Exam. A ninth-grader must pass two exams in the main compulsory subjects, which include the Russian language and mathematics. Also, the student must choose two disciplines of his choice - any from the school curriculum.
Mathematics is taken in two modules - algebra and geometry. The Russian language is also tested in several versions - essay, presentation, multiple-choice test and tasks with full answers. These two exams are compulsory for all schoolchildren in the country.
By 2020, they plan to introduce another mandatory exam into the school curriculum - in a foreign language. At the moment, the student can take exams in two more subjects that he chooses independently. If a ninth-grader plans to continue to a specialized class or enroll in an educational institution, it is advised to approach the choice of subjects consciously. Often, colleges and technical schools require results in a core subject.
Based on the exam results, the student is issued a certificate of basic general education. Exam results are determined on a scoring scale from 20 to 70.
The procedure for conducting the OGE is the same as that of the Unified State Exam - exams are taken at another school, under careful supervision and with strict rules. At the moment, all students are allowed to take the GIA in the 9th grade, but it is planned to introduce a final interview, the successful completion of which will be admission to the exam.
2 Unified State Examination
Unlike the OGE, the Unified State Exam is no longer a new thing for Russians - it has been actively conducted in many regions of the country since 2003. Since 2009, this form of state certification is the only one in 11th grade. The Unified State Exam simultaneously serves as a final exam from schools, lyceums and gymnasiums, as well as an entrance exam to a university.
The exam system in the 11th grade is similar to the OGE. There are also two compulsory subjects - mathematics and Russian language. It is also possible to choose two subjects at will, any from the school curriculum.
Innovation for 2015 - mathematics is divided into two areas, basic and specialized. A student can choose a profile exam option only if it is required for admission to a university.
Graduates should prepare in advance and select those subjects that are required upon admission to a higher education institution. Also conducted in foreign languages, including Spanish, French and German. In 2016, a trial exam in Chinese was held for the first time in the Amur region.
Based on the exam results, the graduate receives points in each subject. It is important to obtain the minimum number of points allowed by Rosobrnadzor. The higher the score, the greater the applicant’s chances of entering a university in the desired specialty. Each higher education institution has its own passing score for admission.
It is carried out in the building of another school, with other teachers in order to avoid incorrect results. Every year, the examination procedure becomes more and more stringent, video surveillance is installed in the classrooms, and schoolchildren are even escorted to the toilet.
The introduction of the Unified State Exam still causes serious controversy among both children and parents, and representatives of the educational system. It is recommended to start preparing for the unified state exam as early as possible.
3 GVE Exam
There is another form of state final certification - GVE (the abbreviation stands for state final exam). It is rather an exception to the general rule and applies to certain categories of graduates. These include children with disabilities, disabled children, students of closed educational institutions, and so on.
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The main final certification awaits all schoolchildren in Russia. The OGE is a great way to test your knowledge in 9th grade and prepare for the Unified State Exam. And the Unified State Exam gives a graduate a good opportunity to score high scores for admission to a university and pass the competition.