Izhevsk is a city in the Russian Federation; it is the capital of the Udmurt Republic and received city status in 1918. The city of Izhevsk was renamed Ustinov in 1984 and bore this name until 1987. It is one of the twenty largest cities in Russia and ranks 19th. From the national language - Udmurt it sounds like Izh, Izhkar.
The city of Izhevsk is a large transport, economic, cultural and trade center of Russia, it is famous in the Russian Federation, as well as throughout the world, for its industries, such as the engineering industry, the defense industry and the metallurgical industry. Izhevsk is considered the largest industrial center in the Urals and the entire Volga region. The city was awarded the title of labor glory.
The population, according to data from January 1, 2013, is more than 632 thousand inhabitants, this number is approximately half of all people living in the Republic of Udmurtia. the city ranked nineteenth in terms of population among all cities in the Russian Federation.
The location of the city of Izhevsk lay on the Izh River, which is where the name of this city came from.
There is an alternative name - the Arms Capital of Russia.
Before Izhevsk began to be called a city and received this title, it was a village near a plant and bore the same name - Izhevsk Plant.
National composition
Today the city is home to more than one hundred nationalities. If we take the 2002 census data, then the indigenous inhabitants - Udmurts make up only 30%, the majority are Russians - this is 58.9%, nationality number three is the Tatars, their number is 9.6%, the remaining 1.5% is distributed between Belarusians, Ukrainians, Mari, Chuvash and Bashkirs.z>
Population of Izhevsk for 2018 and 2019. Number of residents of Izhevsk
Data on the number of city residents are taken from the Federal State Statistics Service. The official website of the Rosstat service is www.gks.ru. The data was also taken from the unified interdepartmental information and statistical system, the official website of EMISS www.fedstat.ru. The website publishes data on the number of residents of Izhevsk. The table shows the distribution of the number of residents of Izhevsk by year; the graph below shows the demographic trend in different years.
Graph of population changes in Izhevsk:
Izhevsk city photo. Photo of Izhevsk
On our website you will find photographs of Izhevsk from different years. Izhevsk photo of the city in different years from Soviet times to the present day.
Information about the city of Izhevsk on Wikipedia.
In the Urals there is a unique region with a unique culture and history - Udmurtia. The population of the region today is declining, which means there is a threat of losing such an unusual anthropological phenomenon as the Udmurts. We will tell you about the conditions in which the population of the region lives, what its features are and what the demographic indicators of the republic are.
Geographical position
The region borders Bashkiria, Tatarstan, Kirov region and Perm region. The area of the republic is 42 thousand square meters. km, this is the 57th largest region in Russia. Udmurtia is located on the East European Plain, and this determines its topography, which is mostly flat with slight hilliness. The region is very rich in water resources; about 30 thousand kilometers of rivers of the Kama and Vyatka basins flow here. The prevailing species in the republic, due to the leaching of the fertile layer, require fertilizers for productive agricultural use. For centuries, the population of Udmurtia has adapted to its geographical location and learned to extract maximum benefits from it. Being located almost in the center of Russia allowed the republic to find its place in the trade and transport relations of the regions.
Climate
It is located in the center of the continent, at a great distance from the seas and oceans, and this determined its climate - temperate continental. The average annual temperature in the region is 1.5 degrees Celsius. Here we observe a classic seasonality for central Russia. With a cold winter, which lasts about 5 months, and a cool three-month summer. The warmest month is July, when the thermometer rises to an average of 19 degrees Celsius. Winter begins in mid-November, when snow cover sets in. In winter, the temperature is constantly below freezing; the thermometer at night can show minus 25. Summer begins at the end of May and ends at the beginning of September. In July the air can warm up to 23 degrees. There will be a lot of precipitation in the republic - about 600 mm per year. The wettest periods are summer and autumn. The population of Udmurtia believes that the climate here is excellent - there are no severe frosts or sweltering heat, and the length of the summer allows for the cultivation of agricultural crops necessary for food.
Administrative division
The population of Udmurtia lives in 25 administrative districts and 5 cities of republican subordination. The capital of the republic is Izhevsk. In the regions of the republic there are 310 rural settlements and one city - Kambarka. Each subject of the region has its own manager, who reports to the head of the republic.
Population of Udmurtia and its dynamics
Since 1926, constant monitoring of the population has been carried out. At that time, 756 thousand people lived in Udmurtia. In Soviet times, the republic developed steadily, which led to positive dynamics in the number of residents. In 1941, 1.1 million people already lived here. Years of war reduced the population to one million. But in subsequent years, Udmurtia is actively growing with new residents. In 1993, the region had 1.624 million inhabitants. Years of change and perestroika have brought many difficulties, and Udmurtia is beginning to lose population. To date, the republic has not been able to reverse the downward trend in population. Currently, Udmurtia has a population of 1.5 million people.
Features of the population
Udmurtia is a rare region for Russia, where the percentage of residents who consider themselves Russian is lower than in other regions. The number of Russians here is 62%, Udmurts - 28%, Tatars - about 7% (as of 2010). Other nationalities are represented by groups of less than 1%.
The population of Udmurtia differs from many regions in its religion. The indigenous people of the region were pagans. In the 13th and 14th centuries they were strongly influenced by Islam. In the 16th century, the first attempts to spread Christianity in these lands began. In the 18th and 19th centuries, Orthodoxy was literally enforced by police measures. The population did not show any visible resistance, but still continued to practice paganism. With the advent of Soviet power, the persecution of all forms of religion began, which led to the movement of religion to the periphery of the inhabitants of the region. With the beginning of perestroika, a wave of national self-awareness rises, and with it a complex era of religious search begins. Today, 33% of the republic’s population describe themselves as Orthodox, 29% consider themselves believers, but cannot decide on a religion, 19% do not believe in God at all.
The numbers speak well about the stability of the region’s development prospects. First of all, this is birth and mortality. In Udmurtia, the birth rate is slowly but growing, and the mortality rate remains almost unchanged. Life expectancy is increasing slightly and averages 70 years. The region is experiencing negative migration, that is, it is gradually losing its inhabitants.
Native people
The ancient people of Udmurts - the indigenous population of Udmurtia - were first mentioned in chronicles of the 5th century BC. The tribes living in the territory between the Volga and Kama spoke the language of the Finno-Ugric language family and combined the genes of many peoples. But the Ars became the basis for the formation of the ethnic group; other nationalities supplemented the genotype and culture of the Udmurts. Today, a lot of work is being done in the republic to maintain and preserve traditional national culture. The people had to endure many hardships of attacks, this helped to form a national character, the main features of which are hard work, modesty, patience, and hospitality. The Udmurts have preserved their language, unique traditions and folklore. The Udmurts are a singing nation. The range of folk songs is enormous; they reflect the history and worldview of this ethnic group.
Population density and distribution
The region has an area of 42 thousand square meters. km, and the population density of Udmurtia is 36 people per square meter. km. Most Udmurts live in cities - 68%. The largest city is the capital Izhevsk; more than 700 thousand people live in its agglomeration, which is more than 40% of the total population of the region. There is a tendency in the republic to reduce the number of rural residents, which is an alarming signal for the economy.
The population of Udmurtia is approximately 1.6 million people. Among the Russian republics in terms of population, it ranks 4th after Bashkortostan, Tatarstan, and Dagestan. The population has been growing in recent years mainly due to the arrival of residents from other regions of Russia.Population density
On the territory of 42,100 vk. km live more than 1.5 people. At the same time, the population density is 36.06 people per 1 sq. km.
The population in Udmurtia is unevenly distributed. The central and southern parts of the republic are densely populated; there are 4 cities here: Izhevsk, Votkinsk, Sarapul, Mozhga and the regional city of Kambarka. In the northern part of the republic there is only one city - Glazov.
Share of urban and rural population
In Udmurtia, the urban population is 70%, rural - 30%.
National composition: peoples
About 70 nationalities live on the territory of Udmurtia. For a long time, the territory of the republic was developed and settled by the indigenous inhabitants of the western Urals - the Udmurts, and Russians, Tatars, Mari, Chuvash and others lived with them.
Now 60% live in Udmurtia, they occupy first place in number, in second place - 29%, in third - 7%, and the remaining 3.5% are Ukrainians, Mari, Chuvash, Germans, Moldovans, Armenians, Jews, Bashkirs and other. Udmurt settlements are found in the neighboring Kirov region, Perm region, Tataria and Bashkiria. Most Udmurts live in the northern, central and southern regions of the republic. Tatars live mainly in the cities of Izhevsk and Mozhga; Yukamensky, Karakulinsky districts. In the Grakhovsky district live the Kryashens - baptized Tatars who consider themselves to be a separate nation. Mari villages are found in the south of the republic. A large proportion of Udmurts live in rural areas. Russians settled in all regions of modern Udmurtia, but their share was especially large in the cities of Izhevsk, Votkinsk, Sarapul and Kambarka, which were founded by Russians, as well as in the central and southeastern regions of the republic.
The indigenous people of the republic are the Udmurts. The Udmurt language belongs to the Perm group of Finno-Ugric languages. Among the Finno-Ugric peoples of Russia, the Udmurts occupy the second largest number after the Mordovians. The self-name of the people is associated with the name of the Vyatka River. Vatmurt – Udmurt – means “man from the Vyatka River”.
Many researchers consider modesty, taciturnity, and restraint in expressing feelings to be typical features of the Udmurt character.
The Udmurts, like other peoples, have a reverent attitude towards bread. One of the strongest oaths is the oath of bread. When starting to build a house, the Udmurts collected “veme” - to help. All the village residents took part in this and put the roof on the house within a day.
The Udmurt women mastered patterned weaving. Later, weaving was also adopted from the Russians. They had ancient ways of dyeing yarn. The Udmurt costume is one of the most colorful and complex in the Volga region. The characteristic combination of colors among the Udmurts was considered to be the classic tricolor: white, red, black; then green, yellow, and purple were added.
The main commandment of the Udmurt people: man comes to earth to work. Live and work so that the sun wakes up, so that it rejoices when looking at your work. The food of the Udmurts combined ancient agricultural and pastoral traditions. In the past, as now, they cooked a variety of soups and porridges. They made koloboks from boiled crushed peas. Flour jelly - zavarichi - was made from flour. They baked a variety of bread products: sour dough flatbreads (taban), potato shangi, perepechi - unleavened cheesecakes with various fillings, dumplings ("pelnyan" from the Udmurt language - bread ear) and so on. Among sweets, honey came first.
In Soviet times, the Udmurt National Theater appeared, a national opera, ballet, and the Museum of Fine Arts were created. The State Song and Dance Ensemble of the Udmurt Republic “Italmas” and the folk song theater “Aikai” are very popular in the republic.
The work of Udmurt poets is known in Udmurtia and beyond,