Late fall. The rooks have flown away
The forest is bare, the fields are empty,
Only one strip is not compressed...
She makes me sad.
The ears seem to whisper to each other:
“It’s boring for us to listen to the autumn blizzard,
It's boring to bow down to the ground,
Fat grains bathing in dust!
Every night we are ruined by the villages1
Every passing voracious bird,
The hare tramples us, and the storm beats us...
Where is our plowman? what else is waiting?
Or are we worse born than others?
Or did they bloom and spike unharmoniously?
No! we are no worse than others - and for a long time
The grain has filled and ripened within us.
It was not for this reason that he plowed and sowed
So that the autumn wind will scatter us?..”
The wind brings them a sad answer:
- Your plowman has no urine.
He knew why he plowed and sowed,
Yes, I didn’t have the strength to start the work.
The poor fellow is feeling bad - he doesn’t eat or drink,
The worm is sucking his aching heart,
The hands that made these furrows,
They dried up into slivers and hung like whips.
As if laying your hand on a plow,
The plowman walked thoughtfully along the strip.
Analysis of the poem “Uncompressed Strip” by Nekrasov
Nekrasov spent his childhood on his father’s family estate, so from an early age he was familiar with peasant life and way of life. Many of the poet's poems are based on childhood experiences. Nekrasov's father was a vivid example of an inveterate serf owner who treated his peasants as slaves. The boy saw how hard a servile life was. The peasants were directly dependent not only on their master, but also on backbreaking physical labor. The poem “The Uncompressed Strip” (1854) is dedicated to the picture of the ruin of the peasant economy.
At the beginning of the work, the author depicts late autumn, which is associated with the end of the agricultural cycle. The sad landscape is broken by a lonely strip of unharvested grain. This indicates some kind of emergency event. The life of a peasant directly depended on his plot of land. The harvest became a means of payment to the owner and the basis for food. Leaving bread on the field meant inevitable death by starvation.
The author personifies lonely ears of corn that are destroyed by animals and bad weather. The wheat is burdened by the long-ripened grain and makes a plea to its owner, who for some reason has forgotten about his field. The answer to the ears of corn is given by the “autumn wind.” He says that the plowman could not forget about his work. He was struck down by a serious illness. The peasant understands that time for harvesting is running out, but he cannot do anything. Nekrasov does not describe the feelings that a sick person experiences. And it is so clear that the peasant says goodbye not only to the grain, but also to his own life. Having not paid the due quitrent and not having worked the corvee, he can hardly hope for the lord’s help.
The peasant is not at all to blame for what happened. He sowed his field in a timely manner, rejoiced at the first shoots, and protected the wheat from birds and animals. Everything pointed to a rich harvest, which was supposed to be a worthy reward for all the work. The tragedy is that an ordinary person could only rely on his own strength. As long as he is physically healthy, he is not in danger of death. But any illness, even a temporary one, can dash all hopes forever.
Nekrasov shows the strong connection between ordinary people and nature. But this connection becomes fatal due to serfdom. The peasant, shackled by debt and hunger, cannot even try to change his situation. The destruction of the crop will inevitably lead to the death of its owner and his family.
| Late fall. The rooks have flown away, the forest has become bare, the fields are empty, only one strip has not been compressed... It brings a sad thought. It seems that the ears of corn are whispering to each other: “It’s boring for us to listen to the autumn blizzard, It’s boring for us to bend down to the very ground, bathing fat grains in dust! Every night we are ravaged by the villages of every passing voracious bird, the hare tramples us, and the storm beats us... Where is our plowman? What else is he waiting for? Or were we born worse than others? Or did we not bloom and bloom together? No, and it was not for this that the wind poured and ripened in us. dispelled the autumn?..” The wind brings them a sad answer: “Your plowman has no urine. He knew why he plowed and sowed, But the poor fellow did not have the strength to do the work - he does not eat or drink, The worm is sucking his sick heart, The hands that made these furrows dried up into splinters, hung like whips, The eyes dimmed, and the voice disappeared, That he sang a mournful song, As, leaning his hand on the plow, the Plowman walked thoughtfully in a stripe. November 22 - 25, 1854 |
Notes
Published according to Article 1873, vol. I, part 1, p. 137-138.
Included in the collected works for the first time: St. 1856. Reprinted in the 1st part of all subsequent lifetime editions of Poems.
In the R. book it is dated: “1855”, but, obviously, it was written earlier (see the date of the censorship of the first publication in C). In Art. 1879 it is dated (probably at the author’s direction) to 1854. A more precise date is reported in the authorized copy of the GBL: “November 22-25.”
The image of an uncompressed strip may have been suggested to Nekrasov by the well-known beginning of a folk song: “Is it my stripe, but a little stripe, Is it my stripe, but not a plowed one...”, etc. (Sobolevsky A.I. Great Russian folk songs, vol. 3. St. Petersburg, 1897, p. 51).
The poem was perceived by some readers as allegorical: in the image of a plowman who “started a job beyond his strength,” they probably saw an allusion to Nicholas I, who led the country to a military disaster and died during the Crimean War (see: Garkavi A. M. N. A. Nekrasov in the fight against tsarist censorship. Kaliningrad, 1966, p. 135). This interpretation is arbitrary, especially since the poem was written before the death of Nicholas I (cf. commentary on the poem “In the Village”). K.I. Chukovsky believed that “The Uncompressed Strip” has an autobiographical basis and was written “under the influence of a serious illness that Nekrasov fell ill with in 1853.” (PSS, vol. I, p. 550). Indirect confirmation of this: in St. 1856, the “Uncompressed Strip” is included in the 4th department, composed of lyrical works; in one of his last poems, “Dream” (1877), Nekrasov wrote about himself as a sower who collects “ears of grain from his unharvested strip.”
The influence of the “Uncompressed Strip” is felt in V. V. Krestovsky’s poem “The Strip” (1861).
Set to music many times (N. Ya. Afanasyev, 1877; V. I. Rebikov, 1900; I. S. Khodorovsky, 1902; A. T. Grechaninov, 1903; A. A. Spendiarov, 1903; P. G. Chesnokov , 1904; V. P. Adamov, 1910; A. E. Lozovoy, 1913; A. P. Maksimov, 1913; R. S. Bunin, 1961;
Stanitsa - The director of the Kyiv Military Gymnasium, P. N. Yushenov, turned to Nekrasov with a request to clarify the meaning of this word. In a letter dated March 31, 1874, Nekrasov replied: “I<...>I used the word “stanitsa” because since childhood I heard it among the people, by the way, in this sense: birds fly villages; sparrows village flew over, etc.<...>The words: group, party, even flock, which could replace it in “The Uncompressed Strip,” in addition to their prosaic nature, would be less accurate, depriving the expression of the shade that characterizes the migratory bird (which is discussed in the poem), located in time from time camp on convenient places for resting and feeding."
Nikolai Alekseevich Nekrasov grew up in a family estate, surrounded by nature. The poet loved nature and admired its beauty. There, on the estate, the future poet daily observed the harsh life of the serfs.
The poem “The Uncompressed Strip,” which was written in 1854, intertwines themes of the plight of peasants and nature.
The idea of the poem is that agriculture is the basis of life for peasants and the main source of food. A plowman can die of starvation if he gets sick and does not harvest his crops on time.
The theme of the work is the tragic fate of a plowman who cannot harvest his crops due to illness.
The genre of the work is elegy.
The poem consists of fifteen stanzas. Each stanza is a couplet. The meter of the poem is dactyl tetrameter. Rhyming is used in pairs.
The poem can be divided into three semantic parts.
In the first part, the poet paints a picture of deep autumn, using the epithet “late autumn”. The birds have already flown away, the fields have been harvested, the leaves have fallen from the trees. But the author notices a piece of land where crops remain unharvested.
In the second part, the poet personifies nature, endowing it with the ability to feel, experience, and talk. The reader hears how the ears of corn “whisper” anxiously. They cannot understand why the plowman does not come to the harvest. The author uses the epithet “fat grains,” emphasizing that the harvest was rich. The ears worry that the beautiful grain will be spoiled by birds, animals or the elements. The poet conveys the concern of the ears of grain with the help of metaphors: “the birds are ruining the villages,” “the hare is trampling,” “the storm is striking.”
In the third part, the author again uses personification, reviving the wind, which brings a “sad answer” to the crops about the plowman’s illness. The poet describes the helpless state of the peasant using metaphors: “there is no urine”, “the worm is sucking the aching heart”, “the hands have dried up to a sliver, hanging like whips”, “the eyes have dimmed”, “the voice has disappeared”.
Throughout the entire poem, one can feel the poet’s concern for the difficult fate of his hero. He sympathizes with the peasant and his hopeless situation.
The author reveals the idea of the work, showing that a plowman can die of hunger if he gets sick and does not harvest the crops on time. And this proves that agriculture is the basis of the life of peasants and the main source of their food.
Picture for the poem Uncompressed strip
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"Uncompressed strip"
Late fall. The rooks have flown away
The forest is bare, the fields are empty,
Only one strip is not compressed...
She makes me sad.
The ears seem to whisper to each other:
"It's boring for us to listen to the autumn blizzard,
It's boring to bow down to the ground,
Fat grains bathing in dust!
Every night we are ruined by the villages1
Every passing voracious bird,
The hare tramples us, and the storm beats us...
Where is our plowman? what else is waiting?
Or are we worse born than others?
Or did they bloom and spike unharmoniously?
No! we are no worse than others - and for a long time
The grain has filled and ripened within us.
It was not for this reason that he plowed and sowed
So that the autumn wind will scatter us?..”
The wind brings them a sad answer:
- Your plowman has no urine.
He knew why he plowed and sowed,
Yes, I didn’t have the strength to start the work.
The poor fellow is feeling bad - he doesn’t eat or drink,
The worm is sucking his aching heart,
The hands that made these furrows,
They dried up into slivers and hung like whips.
As if laying your hand on a plow,
The plowman walked thoughtfully along the strip.
Poem by Nekrasov N.A. - Uncompressed strip
See also Nikolai Nekrasov - poetry (Nekrasov N. A.):
No shame, no compassion...
No shame, no compassion, Curls in small curls, An agitated figure...
“The Uncompressed Strip” is one of the most famous works dedicated to the life and work of peasants. Schoolchildren study it in 10th grade. We invite you to familiarize yourself with a brief analysis of the “Uncompressed Band” according to the plan.
Brief Analysis
History of creation– the work dates back to 1854, it appeared in print in 1856 in the magazine Contemporary.
Theme of the poem- the hard work of a grain grower.
Composition– According to the meaning, the work is divided into two parts: a story about unmown ears of corn, a story about a plowman. Formally, it consists of couplets (distichs).
Genre- civil lyrics.
Poetic size– dactyl trimeter, rhyme parallel to AABB
Metaphors – “the ears whisper to each other”, “the wind brings them a sad answer”, the hands... have dried up to a sliver”, “the eyes have dimmed”, “the worm is sucking his aching heart.”
Epithets – “late autumn”, “autumn blizzard”, “fat grains”, “mournful song”.
Comparisons- hands, "like a whip."
History of creation
The history of the creation of the work is closely connected with the poet’s childhood. He grew up among peasants. His landowner father was cruel to his serfs. Nikolai Alekseevich watched with horror and pity the suffering of people and, at the same time, admired their hard work and strength. The poet left the threshold of his father's house early, but the pictures he saw were forever imprinted in his memory and poems.
The poet wrote the work under analysis in 1854. At that time, he became seriously ill and was planning to go abroad for treatment. Perhaps this was the reason that the main character of the poem is sick. Researchers believe that the poet could have borrowed the image of an uncompressed stripe from the folk song “It’s my stripe, but it’s my stripe.”
Subject
The issue of serfdom was acute in the first half of the 19th century, and therefore was repeatedly raised in the literature. N. Nekrasov could not stay away. In the analyzed work, one can highlight a broad theme of peasant labor during the times of serfdom and a particular one - the disease of the grain grower. To reveal them, the author created an unusual system of images: unmown ears of corn, a plowman and the wind. The main characters are the first two, the wind is the connecting link between them.
The poem begins with an autumn landscape, which helps create a sad, uncomfortable atmosphere. Both the forest and the fields - everything was empty, they threw off their clothes. Even the rooks managed to fly away. In the middle of the field there is a lonely, uncompressed strip. The author admits that it “makes me sad.”
The author's attention switches to the ears of corn, which are talking to each other. They get bored listening to the autumn winds. Sadly bowing their heads, the spikelets bathe the grains in dust. The poet characterizes the grains with the epithet “fat”. This detail suggests that a good harvest could be harvested from the strip. For now, only voracious birds collect it.
The ears of corn wonder why they are not in a hurry to be taken from the field. They compare themselves with other brothers in the field, find that they are no worse than them: “no! We are no worse than others - and long ago the grain filled and ripened in us.” Every day the spikelets are more and more surprised that the plowman does not come for them. The wind brings the answer to their question. The story about the plowman is told on his behalf. N. Nekrasov immediately warns that the news is sad.
It turned out that the plowman was seriously ill. He worked without sparing himself, but the work was beyond his strength. The portrait of a peasant evokes sincere pity in the reader. Before us is an exhausted man who is very thin and can neither eat nor drink. His dim eyes suggest that death is approaching the peasant. In the last verses, N. Nekrasov briefly describes a still healthy plowman who sang a “mournful song.”
Apparently, the hero felt what the end awaited him. The images of the plowman and the fields are symbolic. They can be interpreted from the point of view of the problem of poetic art. Under the image of a peasant hides a dying poet, who is sad that he will not have time to reap the entire harvest in the poetic field.
Composition
According to the meaning, the work is divided into two parts: a story about unmown ears of corn, a story about a plowman. Formally, it consists of couplets (distichs).
Genre
The genre of the work is civil poetry, as in it the author raises issues of social inequality. Also in the poem there are signs of plot lyrics. The poetic meter is dactyl trimeter. The lines are united by the cross rhyme ABAB.
Means of expression
To reveal the theme and realize the idea of the work, the author used means of expression. Prevail in the text metaphors: “the ears whisper to each other”, “the wind brings them a sad answer”, hands... have dried up to a sliver”, “the eyes have dimmed”, “the worm is sucking his aching heart”. The paintings are being completed epithets- late autumn”, “autumn blizzard”, “fat grains”, “mournful song” and by comparison - hands “like whips”.