Quotes from Russian classics about Russian language and literature.
Russian language! For millennia, the people created this flexible, lush, inexhaustibly rich, intelligent poetic... instrument of their social life, their thoughts, their feelings, their hopes, their anger, their great future... With a wondrous ligature the people wove the invisible network of the Russian language: bright as a rainbow after the spring rain , sharp as arrows, sincere as a song over a cradle, melodious... The dense world, over which he threw the magic net of words, submitted to him like a bridled horse.
A.N. Tolstoy
There are no sounds, colors, images and thoughts - complex and simple - for which there would not be an exact expression in our language.
... You can do wonders with the Russian language!
K.G.Paustovsky
The Russian language is inexhaustibly rich, and everything is enriched with amazing speed.
Maksim Gorky
The Russian language is a language created for poetry; it is extremely rich and remarkable mainly for the subtlety of its shades.
P. Merimee
Take care of our language, our beautiful Russian language is a treasure, this is an asset passed on to us by our predecessors! Handle this powerful tool with respect; in skillful hands it is capable of performing miracles.
I.S. Turgenev
It's not bitter to be left homeless, -
Great Russian word.
And we’ll give you grandchildren, and we’ll save you from captivity,
Forever.
A.A.Akhmatova
May there be honor and glory to our language, which in its very native richness, almost without any foreign admixture, flows like a proud majestic river - rustles and thunders - and suddenly, if necessary, softens, gurgles like a gentle brook and sweetly flows into the soul, forming everything measures that consist only
in the fall and rise of the human voice!
Nikolai Mikhailovich Karamzin True love for one's country is unthinkable without love for one's language.
Our beautiful language, from the pen of unlearned and unskilled writers,
is rapidly heading towards a fall. Words are distorted. Grammar fluctuates.
Spelling, this heraldry of the language, changes at the will of one and all.
Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin You marvel at the preciousness of our language: every sound is a gift: everything is grainy, large, like the pearl itself, and, truly, another name is even more precious than the thing itself.
Nikolai Vasilyevich Gogol In days of doubt, in days of painful thoughts about the fate of my homeland, you alone are my support and support, oh great, mighty, truthful and free Russian language! Without you, how can one not fall into despair at the sight of everything that is happening at home?
But one cannot believe that such a language was not given to a great people!
Ivan Sergeevich Turgenev Pushkin also spoke about punctuation marks. They exist to highlight a thought, bring words into the correct relationship, and give a phrase ease and proper sound. Punctuation marks are like musical notations.
They hold the text firmly and do not allow it to crumble.
Konstantin Georgievich Paustovsky Language is the history of the people. Language is the path of civilization and culture. That is why learning and preserving the Russian language is not an idle hobby
out of nothing to do, but an urgent need.
Alexander Ivanovich Kuprin Use a foreign word when there is an equivalent Russian word,
- means to insult both common sense and common taste.
The Russian language in skillful hands and experienced lips is beautiful, melodious, expressive, flexible, obedient, dexterous and capacious.
Alexander Ivanovich Kuprin Language is a ford across the river of time, it leads us to the home of the departed;
but no one who is afraid of deep water will be able to come there.
Vladislav Markovich Illich-Svitych Only having mastered the original material, that is, our native language, to the possible perfection, will we be able to
learn a foreign language, but not before.
Fedor Mikhailovich Dostoevsky Ugly, dissonant words should be avoided. I don’t like words with a lot of hissing and whistling sounds, so I avoid them.
Anton Pavlovich Chekhov
The word of a Briton will echo with heartfelt knowledge and wise knowledge of life; The short-lived word of the Frenchman will flash and scatter like a light dandy; the German will intricately come up with his own clever and thin word, which is not accessible to everyone; but there is no word that would be so sweeping, lively, so bursting out from under the very heart, so seething and vibrantly trembling, like a well-spoken Russian word.
Nikolai Vasilyevich Gogol
The language that the Russian state commands over a great part of the world, due to its power, has natural abundance, beauty and strength, which is not inferior to any European language. And there is no doubt that the Russian word could not be brought to such perfection as we are surprised at in others.
Mikhail Vasilievich Lomonosov
Our Russian language, more than all the new ones, is perhaps capable of approaching the classical languages in its richness, strength, freedom of arrangement, and abundance of forms.
Nikolai Alexandrovich Dobrolyubov
That the Russian language is one of the richest languages in the world,
there is no doubt about it.
Vissarion Grigorievich Belinsky
The beauty, greatness, strength and richness of the Russian language is abundantly clear from books written in past centuries, when our ancestors not only did not know any rules for writing, but they hardly even thought that they existed or could exist.
Mikhail Vasilievich Lomonosov
The main character of our language lies in the extreme ease with which everything is expressed in it - abstract thoughts, internal lyrical feelings, “the scurrying of life,” a cry of indignation, sparkling prank and amazing passion.
Alexander Ivanovich Herzen
Nothing is so ordinary for us, nothing seems so simple as our speech, but in our very being there is nothing as surprising, as wonderful as our speech.
Alexander Nikolaevich Radishchev
Among the magnificent qualities of our language there is one that is absolutely amazing and hardly noticeable. It lies in the fact that its sound is so diverse that it contains the sound of almost all the languages of the world.
Konstantin Georgievich Paustovsky
The Russian language is revealed to the end in its truly magical properties and wealth only to those who deeply love and know their people “to the bone.”
and feels the hidden beauty of our land.
Konstantin Georgievich Paustovsky
There is one significant fact: we are still on our
in an unsettled and young language we can convey
the deepest forms of spirit and thought of European languages.
Fedor Mikhailovich Dostoevsky
The natural richness of the Russian language and speech is so great that without further ado, listening to the times with your heart, in close communication with the common man and with a volume of Pushkin in your pocket, you can become an excellent writer.
Mikhail Mikhailovich Prishvin
The Russian language, as far as I can judge of it, is the richest of all European dialects and seems deliberately created to express the subtlest shades. Gifted with wonderful conciseness, combined with clarity, he is content with one word to convey thoughts when another language would require whole phrases for this.
Prosper Merimee
Our speech is predominantly aphoristic,
It is distinguished by its compactness and strength.
Maksim Gorky
The Russian language is inexhaustibly rich and everything is being enriched with amazing speed.
Maksim Gorky
Perception of other people's words, and especially without necessity,
there is not enrichment, but corruption of the language.
Alexander Petrovich Sumarokov
I do not consider foreign words good and suitable unless they can be replaced by purely Russian or more Russified ones.
We must protect our rich and beautiful language from damage.
Nikolai Semenovich Leskov
There is no doubt that the desire to replete Russian speech with foreign words unnecessarily, without sufficient reason, is contrary to common sense and common taste; but it does not harm the Russian language or Russian literature, but only those who are obsessed with it.
Vissarion Grigorievich Belinsky
Our native language should be the main basis of our general education
and education of each of us.
Petr Andreevich Vyazemsky
We must love and preserve those examples of the Russian language,
which we inherited from first-class masters.
Dmitry Andreevich Furmanov
Language is important for a patriot.
Nikolai Mikhailovich Karamzin
By the attitude of each person to his language, one can accurately judge not only his cultural level, but also his civic value.
Konstantin Georgievich Paustovsky
Language is the history of a people. Language is the path of civilization and culture...
That is why studying and preserving the Russian language is not an idle activity because there is nothing to do, but an urgent necessity.
Alexander Ivanovich Kuprin
Knowledge of the Russian language, a language that deserves to be studied in every possible way, both in itself, because it is one of the strongest and richest living languages, and for the sake of the literature it reveals, is no longer such a rarity.
Friedrich Engels
The heavenly beauty of our language will never be trampled upon by cattle.
Mikhail Vasilievich Lomonosov
As a material for literature, the Slavic-Russian language has an undeniable superiority over all European ones.
Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin
To handle the language somehow means to think somehow:
approximately, inaccurately, incorrectly.
Alexey Nikolaevich Tolstoy
Language is an image of everything that existed, exists and will exist - everything that the human mental eye can embrace and comprehend.
Alexey Fedorovich Merzlyakov
Language is the confession of the people, His soul and way of life are native.
Petr Andreevich Vyazemsky
The Slavic-Russian language, according to the testimony of foreign aesthetes themselves, is not inferior to Latin either in courage, Greek or fluency, and surpasses all European languages: Italian, Spanish and French, not to mention German.
Gabriel Romanovich Derzhavin
What is language? First of all, it is not only a way to express your thoughts, but also to create your thoughts. Language has the opposite effect.
A person who turns his thoughts, his ideas, his feelings into language...
it also seems to be permeated by this way of expression.
Alexey Nikolaevich Tolstoy
It's not scary to lie dead under bullets,
It's not bitter to be homeless,
And we will save you, Russian speech,
The Great Russian Word.
We will carry you free and clean,
We will give it to our grandchildren and save us from captivity
Forever.
Anna Andreevna Akhmatova
But what disgusting bureaucratic language! Based on that situation... on the one hand... on the other hand - and all this without any need. “Nevertheless” and “to the extent that” the officials composed. I read and spit.
Anton Pavlovich Chekhov
Follow the rule persistently: so that words are cramped and thoughts are spacious.
Nikolai Alekseevich Nekrasov
There is nothing sedimentary or crystalline in the Russian language;
everything excites, breathes, lives.
Alexey Stepanovich Khomyakov
The greatest wealth of a people is its language! For thousands of years, countless treasures of human thought and experience accumulate and live forever in the word.
Mikhail Alexandrovich Sholokhov
The Russian language is inexhaustibly rich, and everything is being enriched with amazing speed.
Maksim Gorky
The richer the language is in expressions and turns of phrase, the better for a skilled writer.
Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin
Beware of refined language. The language should be simple and elegant.
Anton Pavlovich Chekhov
Tongue and gold are our dagger and poison.
Mikhail Yurjevich Lermontov
The language of the people is the best, never fading and forever
the newly blossoming flower of his entire spiritual life.
Konstantin Dmitrievich Ushinsky
The Russian language is quite rich, however, it has its drawbacks, and one of them is hissing sound combinations: -vsha, -vshi, -vshu, -shcha, -shchi. On the first page of your story, “lice” crawls in large numbers: those who worked, those who spoke, those who arrived.
It is quite possible to do without insects.
Maksim Gorky
Charles V, the Roman Emperor, used to say that it is proper to speak in Spanish with God, in French with friends, in German with the enemy, and in Italian with the female sex. But if he knew Russian, then of course he would have added that it is decent for them to speak to everyone, because... I would find in it the splendor of Spanish, and the liveliness of French, and the strength of German, and the tenderness of Italian, and the richness and strong figurativeness of Latin and Greek.
Mikhail Vasilievich Lomonosov
No matter what you say, your native language will always remain native. When you want to speak to your heart’s content, not a single French word comes to mind, but if you want to shine, then it’s a different matter.
Lev Nikolaevich Tolstoy
Quotes on topics on the Unified State Exam in Russian
Distribution of quotes by topic for the exam in the Unified State Exam format in the Russian language
1. The connection between grammar and vocabulary in the Russian language
Test 1
"Language has: words. Language has: grammar. These are the ways that language uses to construct sentences."
Lev Vasilievich Uspensky
Test 2
“Vocabulary alone without grammar does not constitute a language. Only when it comes to the disposal of grammar does it acquire the greatest meaning.”
Lev Vasilievich Uspensky
Test 5
“A thought forms itself without concealment, in its entirety; that is why it easily finds a clear expression for itself. And syntax, grammar, and punctuation willingly obey it.”
Mikhail Evgrafovich Saltykov-Shchedrin
Test 9
“Grammar allows us to connect any words with each other to express any thought about any subject.”
Lev Vasilievich Uspensky
Test 13
“Having both lexical and grammatical meaning, a word is capable of combining with other words and being included in a sentence.”
Iraida Ivanovna Postnikova
Test 23
“A literary text forces you to pay attention not only and not so much to what is said, but also to how it is said.”
E. V. Dzhandzhakova
Test 25
“The rules of syntax determine the logical relationships between words, and the composition of the lexicon corresponds to the knowledge of the people and indicates their way of life.”
Nikolai Gavrilovich Chernyshevsky
Test 26
“The most amazing thing is that a master writer can, taking ordinary, well-known words, show how many shades of meaning are hidden and revealed in his thoughts and feelings.”
Ilya Naumovich Gorelov
Test 27
“I realized that a person can know a great variety of words, can write them completely correctly and also correctly combine them in a sentence. Grammar teaches us all this.”
Mikhail Vasilievich Isakovsky
Test 28
“Language is like a multi-story building. Its floors are units: sound, morpheme, word, phrase, sentence: And each of them takes its place in the system, each does its job.”
Mikhail Viktorovich Panov
Test 29
"The Russian language: rich in verbs and nouns, diverse in forms expressing shades of feelings and thoughts."
Lev Nikolaevich Tolstoy
Test 30
“The vocabulary of a language shows what people think, but the grammar shows how they think.”
Georgy Vladimirovich Stepanov
Test 31
“Language is something through which we express ourselves and things.”
Paul Ricoeur
Test 35
"The Russian language: has all the means to express the most subtle sensations and shades of thought."
Vladimir Galaktionovich Korolenko
2. Vocabulary
Test 7
“There are no sounds, colors, images and thoughts for which there would not be an exact expression in our language.”
Konstantin Georgievich Paustovsky
Test 11
“Giving imagery to words is constantly being improved in modern speech through epithets.”
A. A. Zelenetsky
Test 32
“Phraseological units are constant companions of our speech. We often use them in everyday speech, sometimes without even noticing, because many of them are familiar and familiar from childhood.”
From a Russian language textbook
3.Syntax
Test 15
"What is it about language that allows it to fulfill its main role - the function of communication? This is syntax."
Test 16
“Punctuation marks have their own specific purpose in written speech. Like every note, a punctuation mark has its own specific place in the writing system and has its own unique “character”.”
Svetlana Ivanovna Lvova
Test 19
“An oral phrase transferred to paper always undergoes some processing, at least in terms of syntax.”
Boris Viktorovich Shergin
Test 20
“The ability of a word to connect with other words is manifested in the phrase.”
Iraida Ivanovna Postnikova
4. The richness of Russian speech, precision of words, etc.
Test 3
“Precision of the word is not only a requirement of style, a requirement of taste, but, above all, a requirement of meaning.”
Konstantin Aleksandrovich Fedin
Test 8
“We must approach the assessment of the merits of speech with the question: how successfully are various linguistic units selected from the language and used to express thoughts and feelings?”
Boris Nikolaevich Golovin
Test 10
“Language is not only talk, speech: language is the image of the entire inner man, all forces, mental and moral.”
Ivan Aleksandrovich Goncharov
Test 12
“The reader penetrates into the world of images of a work of art through its speech tissue.”
Margarita Nikolaevna Kozhina
Test 18
“Expressiveness is the ability of what is said or written to attract special attention of the reader through its semantic form and make a strong impression on him.”
Alexander Ivanovich Gorshkov
Test 21
“With language, a person not only expresses something, he also expresses himself with it.”
Georg von Gabelenz
Test 22
"The surest way to know a person - his mental development, his moral character, his character - is to listen to the way he speaks."
Dmitry Sergeevich Likhachev
Test 24
“The artist thinks in images, he draws, shows, depicts. This is the specificity of the language of fiction.”
Georgy Yakovlevich Solganik
Test 33
"Language is what a person knows. Speech is what a person can do."
5. Topics that stand apart
Test 4
“The similarity between the conditional and imperative moods is that both of them: do not express an actual event, but an ideal one, that is, imagined to exist only in the thoughts of the speaker.”
Alexander Afanasyevich Potebnya
Test 6
“By making the characters talk to each other, instead of conveying their conversation from himself, the author can add appropriate shades to such dialogue. He characterizes his heroes by theme and manner of speech.”
Literary encyclopedia
Test 14
“Pronominal words are secondary words, substitute words. The golden fund for pronouns are significant words, without which the existence of pronouns is “devalued.”
Alexander Alexandrovich Reformatsky
Test 34
“Some scientists even propose to distinguish two languages - oral and written, so great are the differences between oral and written speech.”
Andrey Alexandrovich Miroshnichenko
Test 36
“The functions of a paragraph are closely related to the functional and stylistic affiliation of the text; at the same time, they also reflect the individual author’s peculiarities of text design.”
Nina Sergeevna Valgina
...Whoever has conquered his feelings, his consciousness is steadfast.
"Bhagavad Gita"
At twenty, feeling reigns, at thirty, talent, at forty, reason.
Baltasar Gracian y Morales
It is in the nature of rational beings to feel their imperfections; That’s why nature gave us modesty, that is, a feeling of shame in front of these imperfections.
Charles Louis Montesquieu
Seeing and feeling is being, thinking, living.
William Shakespeare
Every thought born from a moral idea is a feeling.
Pierre Simon Ballanche
All knowledge originates from the mind and comes from the senses.
Francesco Patrizi
If the feelings are not true, then our whole mind will turn out to be false.
Titus Lucretius Carus
What are the hallmarks of what is truly human in a person? Mind, will and heart. A perfect person has the power of thinking, the power of will and the power of feeling. The power of thinking is the light of knowledge, the power of will is the energy of character, the power of feeling is love.
Ludwig Andreas Feuerbach
When the heart sings from love, the mind should not sing along, but conduct.
Vadim Panov
If your heart and mind start an argument, don’t expect any good for yourself.
Lyudmila Tatyanicheva
You can be the master of your actions, but we are not free in our feelings.
Gustave Flaubert
Wisdom is a combination of knowledge and feelings.
Ivan Efremov
Our reason sometimes brings us no less grief than our passions.
Chamfort
Nothing stimulates mental activity to such an extent, forces one to discover new aspects of objects and phenomena, as conscious sympathies or antipathies.
Mikhail Evgrafovich Saltykov-Shchedrin
Morality is the mind of the heart.
Heinrich Heine
You need to let your feelings out. It's worse if you stop doing it. Otherwise, they will accumulate and harden inside. And then - die.
H. Murakami
The main reason for the mistakes a person makes lies in the constant struggle between feelings and reason.
Blaise Pascal
To understand what is fair, to feel what is beautiful, to desire what is good - this is the chain of rational life.
August Platen
Enlightened reason ennobles moral feelings; The head must educate the heart.
Friedrich Schiller
Let everyone try to think and speak intelligently, but give up trying to convince others of the infallibility of their tastes and feelings: this is too difficult an undertaking.
Jean de La Bruyère
Let your mind guide your affairs. He will not allow your soul to be harmed.
Ferdowsi
Reason and passion are the rudder and sails...of a soul sailing on the sea.
Jubran Hamil (Lebanese writer)
Reason gains value only when it serves love.
A. de Saint-Exupéry
A reasonable person does not pursue what is pleasant, but what saves him from trouble.
Aristotle
The mind is a burning glass, which, while ignited, itself remains cold.
Descartes
The stupidest person in the world experiences the same feelings as the smartest.
Philip Dormer Stanhope Chesterfield
Sentimental people are the most senseless of mortals...
Thomas Carlyle
The heart and mind are only strong when they are at one.
Lyudmila Tatyanicheva
The heart, imagination and mind are the environment where what we call culture is born.
K.G. Paustovsky
The triumph of reason lies in getting along with people who do not have it.
Voltaire
Everyone’s eyes will darken if, standing at the edge of the abyss, they look into its depths. This is not fear, but a natural feeling, beyond the control of reason.
Lucius Annaeus Seneca
Man is a receptive, feeling, intelligent and judicious being, striving for self-preservation and happiness.
Paul Henri-Holbach
A person who is prone to exalted feelings usually deceives himself and others.
Remarque EM.
O.Balzac
A person needs to experience strong feelings in order for him to develop noble qualities that would expand the circle of his life.
Honore de Balzac
The fewer words, the greater the feeling.
William Shakespeare
Feeling is fire, thought is oil.
Feeling is a moral force that instinctively, without the help of reason, makes a judgment about everything that lives...
Pierre Simon Ballanche
Feeling awakens thought in us - everyone agrees with this; but not everyone will agree that thought awakens feeling, but this is no less correct!
Nicola Sebastian Chamfort
Feeling is life, not thought, and when this life finds expression, not yet curbed by thought, then poetry is obtained.
Benedetto Croce
Feeling in itself does not constitute poetry; the feeling must be born of an idea and express the idea. Meaningless feelings are the lot of animals; they humiliate a person.
Vissarion Grigorievich Belinsky
A feeling held captive by crude practical needs has only a limited meaning.
Karl Marx
Quotes from prose.
Zhukovsky "Svetlana"
Beginning of the ballad
« Once on Epiphany evening
The girls wondered:
A shoe behind the gate
They took it off their feet and threw it..."
“Our best friend in this life
Faith in Providence»
Fonvizin "Nedorosl"
Starodum " In the great world there are small souls."
“It is unlawful to humiliate one’s own kind through slavery»
Prostakov
« Guilty without guilt"
“without science people live and have lived”, “learning is nonsense”, the main thing is “to be able to acquire and maintain enough" - the philosophy of the ignorant nobility
« I've been studying for four years now" - about Mitrofanushka (the pointlessness of his training)
Eremeevna receives " five rubles a year, and five slaps a day»
Prostakova " Doesn't a nobleman have the right to beat a servant whenever he wants?»
Griboyedov "Woe from Wit"
Contemporaries about comedy:
Pushkin " There is a lot of intelligence and humor in the poems,” “a striking picture of morals»
Katenin " The darkness of mind and salt»
Sophia " Happy hours don't watch»
« He has a screw loose"(about Chatsky) - the first to spread the rumor.
Famusov " My custom is this:
Signed, off your shoulders"
“There is no need for another model,
When your father's example is in your eyes"(Sofya)
« He who is poor is not a match for you"(Sofya)
« What will Princess Marya Aleksevna say?"(the phrase ends the comedy, Famusov’s dependence on other people’s opinions)
Molchalin: “ At my age you shouldn't dare
Have your own judgment"(spinelessness and servility)
Father's testament to Molchalin - “ please all people without exception»
« Evil tongues are worse than a gun»
Chatsky " Ranks are given by people,
And people can be deceived»
« The houses are new, but the prejudices are old."
“And the smoke of the Fatherland is sweet and pleasant to us...”
“I’d be glad to serve, but it’s sickening to be served”
“Silent people are blissful in the world!”
“But in fact, he will reach the famous levels
After all, nowadays they love the dumb.”(about Molchalin)
Pushkin "The Captain's Daughter"
« Take care of the dress again, and honor from a young age" - epigraph, father's testament to Grinev
« I came to ask for mercy, not justice." - Masha Mironova to Catherine II
Shvabrin describes Masha Grineva “ a complete fool»
« Just don’t demand what is contrary to my honor and Christian conscience" - Grinev to Pugachev.
"Eugene Onegin"
« Are you really in love with the smaller one?
-And what? - “I would choose another,
If only I were like you, a poet"
“Always modest, always obedient,
Always cheerful like the morning,
How a poet's life is simple-minded,
How sweet is love's kiss"(Olga )
“He traveled the world with a lyre:
Under the sky of Schiller and Goethe
Their poetic fire
The soul ignited in him"(Lensky)
« Not your sister's beauty,
nor her rosy beauty,
She wouldn't attract anyone's attention" (Tatiana )
« Dick, sad, silent,
Like a forest deer is timid,
She is in her own family
Seemed like a stranger to the girl"(Tatiana )
“I love you (why lie?),
But I was given to another;
I will be faithful to him forever"(last thing Tatiana's explanation with Onegin)
« They kept life peaceful
Habits of a dear old man"(traditions in the Larin family, which partly explain Tatyana’s passion for mysticism, fortune telling, and her love of nature)
« What do you want more?
The light has decided
That he is smart and very nice"(about Onegin, secular society is narrow in views, petty, low)
« Isn't he a parody?"(Tatiana about Onegin)
« With your mind to be a petty slave of feelings?(Tatyana to Onegin, question about Tatiana’s doubts about Evgeniy’s love for her)
The compositional feature of the novel is an open ending, the author leaves Onegin after the explanation with Tatyana
« And here, my hero,
In a moment that is evil for him,
Reader, we will now leave,
For a long time, forever»
|
Subject of comparison |
Onegin |
|
|
Theater |
For Onegin, the theater is a place where one can show oneself and admire unknown ladies through a lorgnette with impunity. |
|
|
Nature |
Nature puts Onegin to sleep. |
|
|
Love |
For Onegin, love is “the science of tender passion,” a prerequisite for which is the ability to “be a hypocrite, conceal hope, be jealous, dissuade, make believe, seem gloomy, languish” |
|
|
Creation |
Onegin is deprived of the ability and opportunity to express himself in creativity “hard work, he was sick; nothing / came out of his pen" |
Poem "The Bronze Horseman"
« On the shore of desert waves
He stood there, full of great thoughts
And he looked into the distance."(about Peter 1)
Gogol "The Overcoat"
« Why are you insulting me?" - the phrase that influenced the young man sounded biblically: "I am your brother".
A significant person who frightened Bashmachkin to death with his commanding shout upon learning of his death “ I was even amazed, I heard remorse and was in a bad mood all day»
"Inspector"
« I invited you, gentlemen, in order to convey the most unpleasant news: an auditor is coming to us" - this phrase opens the play Anton Antonovich Skvoznik-Dmukhanovsky.
Trustee of charitable institutions Strawberry " A simple man: if he dies, then he will die anyway, and if he recovers, then he will recover anyway.»
« The only positive hero of my comedy is laughter»- Gogol admitted
Doctor with the ominous surname Gibner " doesn't know a word of Russian»
Mayor “Why are you laughing? “You’re laughing at yourself!”
"Dead Souls"
The principle of depicting landowners:
- Exterior of the estate
- State of the farm
- Lord's house
- Interior decoration
- Characteristics of the landowner
- His relationship with Chichikov
ABOUT Manilov " stupid and useless cooking in the kitchen”, “empty in the pantry”, and meanwhile, erected " a gazebo with a flat green dome, wooden columns and the inscription "Temple of Solitude"(spiritual emptiness)
Box " strong-minded" And "club-headed"»
« Nozdryov at thirty-five years old was exactly the same as at eighteen and twenty: a lover of a walk»
Plyushkin " a hole in humanity»
Common features of landowners: inhumanity, idleness, vulgarity, spiritual emptiness.
« You will do everything and you will ruin everything in the world with a penny!"- father said to Chichikov (father's testament)
Gogol about Chichikov: « it’s fairest to call it the owner - the acquirer»
Lermontov "Mtsyri"
Mtsyri lives in an alien environment, deprived of all loved ones:
« I couldn't tell anyone
The sacred words "father" and "mother".
...I saw it in others
Fatherland, home, friends, relatives,
But I didn’t find it at home,
Not like sweet souls - graves!»
"Hero of our time"
Chronology of chapters: " Taman", "Princess Mary"", the beginning of the story " Bela", "Fatalist"", end of the story " Bela", "Maksim Maksimych", preface to "Pechorin's magazine"
Before the duel with Grushnitsky, Pechorin reflects: “ Why did I live? For what purpose was I born?»
« Is it really possible, I thought, that my only purpose on earth is to destroy the hopes of others?"(Pechorin)
« After all this, how can one not become a fatalist?"(Pechorin)
« And if there really is predestination, then why are we given will and reason?"(Pechorin)
« A hero of our time is a portrait made up of the vices of our entire generation in their full development»
Ostrovsky "Thunderstorm"
Katerina " You know, sometimes I feel like I'm a bird. When you stand on a mountain, you feel the urge to fly"(liberty, desire for freedom)
Laws " dark kingdom»:
Money rules in it
“Do whatever you want, as long as it’s safe and covered” (Varvara Katerina)
Any living word, living thought, living feeling is persecuted in the city.
Turgenev "Fathers and Sons"
Pisarev " To die the way Bazarov died is the same as accomplishing a feat»
Bazarov is a nihilist, i.e. " a person who does not bow to any authority, who does not accept a single principle on faith, no matter how respected this principle may be."(this is how Arkady explains)
Bazarov " A decent chemist is 20 times more useful than any poet»
« Raphael is not worth a dime»
« Nature is not a temple, but a workshop, and man is a worker in it.”
“Such a rich body! At least now to the anatomical theater!» - Bazarov about Odintsova(cynicism)
Before the duel with Pavel Petrovich, Bazarov thinks: “ No, I will loom in the world for a long time»
Katya says to Arkady “ He is predatory, and you and I are tame»
Before death Bazarov Odintsova: « Blow on the dying lamp and let it go out»
Nekrasov “Who Lives Well in Rus'”
« Who lives happily and freely in Rus'?”
“Roman said: To the landowner,
Demyan said: to the official,
Luke said: ass.
To the fat-bellied merchant!-
The Gubin brothers said,
Ivan and Mitodor.
Old man Pakhom pushed
And he said to the ground, looking at him:
To the noble boyar,
To the sovereign minister,
And Prov said: To the King.
Korchagina Matryona Timofeevna « It’s not the job of women to look for a happy woman.”
« The keys to female happiness, to our free will, are abandoned, lost to God himself»
Grisha Dobrosklonov « In moments of despondency, O Motherland, I fly forward with my thoughts. You are still destined to suffer a lot, but you will not die, I know.”
Savely the hero « branded, but not a slave»
Saltykov-Shchedrin “The Wise Minnow”
They say " Have you heard about the dunce who doesn’t eat, doesn’t drink, doesn’t see anyone, doesn’t share bread and salt with anyone, and only saves his hateful life?»
« Lived and trembled, and died - trembled»
Dostoevsky "Crime and Punishment"
Raskolnikov tells Sonya: « I just killed; I killed it for myself, for myself alone... I needed to find out then, and find out quickly, whether I was a louse, like everyone else, or a man? Will I be able to cross or not? Do I dare to bend down and take it or not? Am I a trembling creature or do I have the right?»
Luzhin embodies selfish prudence, hiding behind a rational idea " common good"(akin to Raskolnikov's "arithmetic")
Svidrigailov - lack of moral boundaries, non-distinction between good and evil.
Chekhov "Ionych"
Doctor Dmitry Ionych Startsev turns into Ionych.
Turkin family
"The Cherry Orchard"
Lopakhin: " Come and see how Ermolai Lopakhin takes an ax to the cherry orchard and how the trees fly to the ground!»
Double emphasis in the title.
Gorky "At the Bottom"
Luke " What you believe in is what you are.”
“In my opinion, not a single flea is bad: all are black, all jump»
About a human " no matter what it is, it’s always worth its price.”
“A person can do anything...If only he wants to”
“It’s never harmful to caress a person”
Satin " Man - that sounds proud!»
« We must respect the person! Don’t feel sorry, don’t humiliate him with pity.”
“Truth is the god of a free man, lies are the religion of slaves and masters»
Mayakovsky "Cloud in Pants"
Four parts - each implements a specific idea
1.Down with your love
2.Down with your art
3.Down with your system
4.Down with your religion
Akhmatova's poem "Requiem"
Dedicated to the victims of Stalin's repressions.
In the first lines of the “Introduction” an image of a “terrible world” appears:
« It was when I smiled
Only dead, glad for peace,
And swayed with an unnecessary pendant
Near their prisons Leningrad»
The drama of all innocent Rus' is depicted:
« I will be like the Streltsy wives,
Howl under the prison towers»
The epigraph is the lines of their article. " It was not in vain that we talked together»:
« No! And not under an alien sky,
And not under the protection of alien wings -
I was with my people then
Where my people, unfortunately, were»
Bulgakov "The Master and Margarita"
Yeshua " It's easy and pleasant to tell the truth»
Woland " Well... ordinary people... In general, they are similar to the previous ones... the housing issue only spoiled them»
« Manuscripts don't burn"
“Never ask for anything. Never and nothing, and especially among those who are stronger than you. They will offer and give everything themselves"(Margarita)
Pontius Pilate« Cowardice is undoubtedly one of the most terrible vices... No, philosopher, I object to you: this is the most terrible vice»
Tvardovsky "Vasily Terkin"
« Let's be honest:
Just a guy himself
he is ordinary.
However, the guy is no matter where
A guy like that
Every company always has
And in every platoon"
“Why is this without a beginning?
Because time is short.
Why is it like this without end?
I just feel sorry for the guy"
“So that from my invention
Living people at war
It may have become lighter"
“I was killed near Rzhev”
« And among the dead, the voiceless,
There is one consolation:
We fell for our homeland,
But she's saved»
Solzhenitsyn "One day in the life of Ivan Denisovich"
Original title - “Shch-854” (One day of one prisoner)
About dinner " This scoop is now more valuable to him than his will, more valuable than the life of his entire past and entire future life.»
« This is the short moment for which the prisoner lives" (dinner)
« Matrenin Dvor»
Original title: “A village is not worth it without a righteous man”
Little people
Bashmachkin “Overcoat” Gogol
Samson Vyrin “Station Warden” Pushkin
Evgeniy “The Bronze Horseman” Pushkin
Lisa "Poor Lisa" Karamzin
Marmeladov, Sonya, Katerina Ivanovna “Crime and Punishment” Dostoevsky
Makar Devushkin “Poor People” Dostoevsky.
Epic novels
"War and Peace" Tolstoy
"Quiet Don" Sholokhov
“The Life of Klim Samgin” Gorky
Epic poem “Who Lives Well in Rus'”
A list of quotes to start your essay with.
Specifically in the directions.
Questions posed to humanity by war
1. “War is one of the greatest sacrileges against man and nature” (A.S. Pushkin).
2. “Feat is not born immediately. For this... you need to have a generous soul” (G.A. Medynsky).
3. “War with extreme speed forms new characters of people and accelerates the process of life...” (A.P. Platonov).
4. “In important epochs of life, sometimes a spark of heroism flares up in the most ordinary person...” (M.Yu. Lermontov).
5. “True courage is laconic: it costs so little to show itself that it considers heroism itself to be a duty, not a feat” (A. A. Bestuzhev-Marlinsky).
6. “Patriotism, no matter who it is, is proven not by word, but by deed...” (V. G. Belinsky).
7. “Defense of the Motherland is also defense of one’s dignity” (N.K. Roerich).
8. “Courage is a great quality of the soul; the people marked by it should be proud of themselves” (N.M. Karamzin).
Man and nature in domestic and world literature
1. “Nature does not have organs of speech, but creates tongues and hearts, through which it speaks and feels” (Johann Wolfgang Goethe).
2. “Man will destroy the world sooner than learn to live in it” (Wilhelm Schwebel)
3. “Nature is the creator of all creators” (Johann Wolfgang Goethe)
4. “In an immoral society, all inventions that increase man’s power over nature are not only not good, but undoubted and obvious evil” (L.N. Tolstoy)
5. “You are forever responsible for those you have tamed” (Antoine de Saint-Exupéry)
6. “From communication with nature you will get as much light as you want, and as much courage and strength as you need” (Johann Gottfried Seime)
7. “And what nature does to man!” (F.G. Ranevskaya)
8. “Forests teach a person to understand beauty” (A.P. Chekhov)
Dispute between generations: together and apart
1. “Love and respect for parents, without any doubt, is a sacred feeling” (V.G. Belinsky).
2. “Love for parents is the basis of all virtues” (Cicero).
3. “Man has three disasters: death, old age and bad children. No one can close the doors of their house from old age and death, but the children themselves can protect the house from bad children” (V.A. Sukhomlinsky).
4. “An ungrateful son is worse than a stranger: he is a criminal, since a son has no right to be indifferent to his mother” (G. Maupassant).
5. “Disrespect for ancestors is the first sign of immorality” (A.S. Pushkin).
6. “Pain stings more sharply when it is caused by someone close to you” (Babriy).
7. “Nothing is as rare in the world as complete frankness between parents and children” (R. Rolland).
How do people live?
1. “...If there is meaning and purpose in life, then this meaning and purpose is not at all in our happiness, but in something more reasonable and greater. Do good!” (A.P. Chekhov).
2. “It is not difficult to despise the court of people, but to despise your own court is impossible...” (A.S. Pushkin).
3. “True love purifies and elevates every person, completely transforming him” (N.G. Chernyshevsky).
4. “Poetry is a form of love” (M.M. Prishvin).
5. “To live means to feel, think, suffer...” (V.G. Belinsky).
6. “Humanity has always been one of the most important phenomena of literature - large and small” (D.S. Likhachev).
7. “Evil in a person is always associated with a misunderstanding of another person...” (D.S. Likhachev).
8. “Love has thousands of aspects, and each of them has its own light, its own sadness, its own happiness and its own fragrance” (K.G. Paustovsky).
9. “The human must always and inevitably triumph...” (M.E. Saltykov-Shchedrin).
10. “The violator of love for one’s neighbor is the first among people to betray himself...” (B.L. Pasternak).
11. “Man is... a living mystery” (S.N. Bulgakov).
12. “Justice requires standing up for people suffering” (N.G. Chernyshevsky).
13. “Man is the whole world...” (F.M. Dostoevsky).
14. “Happiness is achieved by those who strive to make others happy and are able to forget about their interests and themselves, at least for a while” (D.S. Likhachev).
15. “Blessed be the love that is stronger than death!” (D.S. Merezhkovsky).
16. “The power of moral influence is beyond all powers...” (N.V. Gogol).
17. “The most important thing in friendship is the ability to understand and forgive” (V.P. Nekrasov).
18. “Man has always been and will be the most curious phenomenon for man” (V.G. Belinsky).
19. “To find your way, to know your place - this is everything for a person, this means for him to become himself...” (V.G. Belinsky).
20. “Without passions and contradictions there is no life...” (V.G. Belinsky).
21. “Love is so omnipotent that it regenerates ourselves...” (F.M. Dostoevsky).
22. “Life is boring without a moral goal...” (F.M. Dostoevsky.
23. “There is no happiness in inaction...” (F.M. Dostoevsky).
24. “The purpose in life is the core of human dignity and human happiness” (K.D. Ushinsky).
25. “A person cannot live without a homeland, just as one cannot live without a heart” (K.G. Paustovsky).
26. “Russia can do without each of us, but none of us can do without it” (I.S. Turgenev).
27. “Every noble person is deeply aware of his blood ties with the fatherland” (V.G. Belinsky).