All poems by Yulia Zhadovskaya. He didn’t tell me flattering speeches

(1824-07-11 ) Place of Birth: Date of death: Citizenship:

Russian empire

Occupation: Language of works: Works on the website Lib.ru in Wikisource.

Biography

She was born with a physical disability - without a left hand and only three fingers on her right. Having lost her mother early, she was raised by her grandmother, then by her aunt, A.I. Kornilova, an educated woman who passionately loved literature and published articles and poems in publications in the twenties of the 19th century. Having entered Pribytkova’s boarding school (in Kostroma), Zhadovskaya’s successes in Russian literature attracted the special attention of P. M. Perevlessky, who taught this subject (later a professor at the Alexander Lyceum). He began to supervise her studies and develop her aesthetic taste. The young teacher and his student fell in love with each other, but Zhadovskaya’s father did not want to hear about his daughter’s marriage to a former seminarian. The meek girl unquestioningly submitted to her father’s will and, having parted with her loved one, remained faithful to his memory until the end of her life. She moved to her father in Yaroslavl, and years of severe domestic bondage began for her. I had to study, read, and write in secret. Having learned, however, about his daughter’s poetic experiments, the father took her to Moscow and St. Petersburg to give her talent a boost.

In Moscow, Zhadovskaya met M. P. Pogodin, who published several of her poems in Moskvityanin. In St. Petersburg she met Prince P. A. Vyazemsky, E. I. Guber, A. V. Druzhinin, I. S. Turgenev, M. P. Rozengeim and other writers. In 1846, Zhadovskaya published her poems, which gave her fame. Later, during a second stay in Moscow, she met A. S. Khomyakov, M. N. Zagoskin, I. S. Aksakov and other Slavophiles, but she did not become a Slavophile herself.

Sources

A. Skabichevsky. “Songs about female bondage in the poetry of Yu. V. Zhadovskaya” (“Works”, vol. I).
Encyclopedic Dictionary of Brockhaus and Efron: In 86 volumes (82 volumes and 4 additional ones). - St. Petersburg. : 1890-1907.

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Zhadovskaya, Elizaveta
Kulov, Felix Sharshenbaevich

See what “Zhadovskaya, Yulia Valerianovna” is in other dictionaries:

Zhadovskaya, Yulia Valerianovna- writer (after her husband Seven). She was born on June 29, 1824 in the village of Subbotin, Lyubimsky district, Yaroslavl province, the family estate of her father, Valerian Nikandrovich Zh., who belonged to an ancient noble family. V.H. served first in the navy, and... ...

Zhadovskaya Yulia Valerianovna- writer (1824 1883). Having lost her mother early, she was raised by her aunt, A.I. Kornilova, who passionately loved literature and published articles and poems in publications of the twenties. Having entered Pribytkova’s boarding school (in Kostroma), Zhadovskaya turned to... ... Biographical Dictionary

ZHADOVSKAYA Yulia Valerianovna- (1824 83), Russian writer, poetess. Autobiographical motifs in lyrics (collections “Poems”, 1846 and 1858), marked by the sincerity of emotional experiences, and prose (novels “Away from the Great World”, 1857, “Women’s History”, 1861; ... ... encyclopedic Dictionary

ZHADOVSKAYA Yulia Valerianovna- (1824 83) Russian writer, poetess. Autobiographical motifs in lyrics (collections of Poems, 1846 and 1858), marked by the sincerity of emotional experiences, and prose (novels Away from the Great World, 1857, Women's History, 1861; story ... Big Encyclopedic Dictionary

Zhadovskaya Yulia Valerianovna-, Russian writer. Born into a noble family. The best of J.'s heritage is love and landscape lyrics. At the end of the 40-50s. in her work... Great Soviet Encyclopedia

Zhadovskaya Yulia Valerianovna- Yulia Valerianovna Zhadovskaya (June 29 (July 11) 1824 (18240711), the village of Subbotino, Lyubimsky district, Yaroslavl province, July 28 (August 9), 1883, the village of Tolstikovo, Kostroma province) Russian writer. Sister of the writer Pavel Zhadovsky. Early... ... Wikipedia

ZHADOVSKAYA Yulia Valerianovna- (18241883), Russian writer. Lyrics (collection “Poems”, 1846, 1858). Pov. (“Backward”, 1861), etc. Rum. “Away from the Great World” (1857), “Women’s History” (1861).■ Complete. collection op., vol. 14, St. Petersburg, 1894; Favorite verse., Yaroslavl... Literary encyclopedic dictionary

Zhadovskaya Yulia Valerianovna

Zhadovskaya, Yulia Valerianovna- writer (1824 1883). Having lost her mother early, she was raised by her grandmother, then by her aunt, A.I. Kornilova, an educated woman who passionately loved literature and published articles and poems in publications of the twenties. Having entered the boarding school... ... Encyclopedic Dictionary F.A. Brockhaus and I.A. Ephron

Zhadovskaya, Yulia Valerianovna- writer; genus. 1826, † 1883 Sept. Addition: Zhadovskaya, Yulia Valerianovna, b. 1824 June 29; † July 1883 (Polovtsov) ... Large biographical encyclopedia

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It is believed that women's poetry is almost entirely a phenomenon of the emancipated twentieth century. Anna Akhmatova, Marina Tsvetaeva, Zinaida Gippius... their big names have obscured “many and many things” from us - and not always deservedly so.

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Meanwhile, the patriarchal nineteenth century had its own poetesses - Anna Bunina (a relative of “that same” Nobel laureate and author of “Dark Alleys”), Evdokia Rostopchina... or the now almost forgotten Yulia Zhadovskaya.

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She was born on July 11, 1824; Her father, a retired captain-lieutenant of the fleet, was a man, to put it mildly, with quirks, and he arranged his Yaroslavl estate according to his own taste. Ordinary stairs to him, accustomed to the sea, seemed too flat - and as a result of his alterations, his wife, who was already carrying a child, one day fell and hurt herself. And the child - a girl - was born disabled, without one hand.

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A year later, Yulia lost her mother, who died of consumption, and her father, rightly deciding that he could not give the girl a decent education, allowed her to be taken to her grandmother in the village of Panfilovo. And from there she ended up with an aunt who loved literature and published poems and articles in reputable magazines - such as “Son of the Fatherland” and “Moscow Telegraph”.

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Having received a “fair”, as they said then, home education, Yulia studied for some time in Kostroma and Yaroslavl boarding schools, but it all ended with a home tutor - and her first love.

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Pyotr Mironovich Perevlessky, who graduated from Moscow University, taught Russian literature and encouraged his student’s experiments. He sent two of Yulia’s poems to the magazine “Moskvityanin” - and they were published, and critics praised the poems.

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Finally, the young people decided to explain themselves to their father, but he, boasting of his noble origins, did not want to listen to anything. Pyotr Mironovich had to leave the Zhadovsky house, and Julia kept this love in her soul forever.

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I will put love to sleep while there is still time with a cold hand

The feeling did not tear out from the trembling chest,

I'll put love to sleep while I'm mad with my slander

People did not humiliate her shrine...

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Poems continued to be written, and Julia's name little by little became known. The father, who learned about his daughter’s talent, unexpectedly began to promote her poetic studies, write out everything that was then significant in literature, and then, despite limited funds, took her to Moscow and St. Petersburg, where she met Turgenev, Vyazemsky, Aksakov, Pogodin and other famous writers.

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Her poems began to be published in “Moskvityanin”, “Russian Bulletin”, “Library for Reading”. In 1846, the first collection of her poems was published in St. Petersburg, which was favorably received by readers and critics. Many of Zhadovskaya’s poems were set to music and became popular romances (“You’ll soon forget me” by Glinka, “I still love him, crazy” by Dargomyzhsky, “I’m crying,” “The power of sounds” and others), and the poem “I love "look into the clear night" has become a folk song.

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At that time, she began to get sick, and the old Yaroslavl doctor, Karl Bogdanovich Seven, who was treating her, once offered her his hand and heart. It was more a marriage out of pity than out of love - the father’s supervision became torment for the poetess, and she could no longer endure it.

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Karl Bogdanovich, brought up in a romantic spirit, and Yulia Valerianovna lived together for twenty years - and although the “newlywed” sincerely loved his wife, true happiness was left behind for her.

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She died in 1883, having outlived her husband by two years, and when a few years later one of the heirs decided to publish her poems, the newspaper editors called them old-fashioned - but they published them anyway. But Dobrolyubov once praised them, appreciating in Zhadovskaya’s poems “the sincerity, complete sincerity of feeling and the calm simplicity of its expression.”

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Apparently, these qualities were fully appreciated by the writer Ivan Kondratyev, who put Zhadovskaya’s lines as an epigraph to his book “The Hoary Antiquity of Moscow”:

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The soul involuntarily worships the gray-haired old man... Oh, dear Moscow, it hurts You are sweet and good.

And the author of the preface to “Hoary Antiquity,” republished for the 850th anniversary of Moscow, notes: “Today, rarely does anyone write about Moscow like that. I don’t mean poetic form, but sincerity. They will write either everyday or more grandiose. But from the heart - that “I haven’t met.”

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Now Zhadovskaya’s poems may indeed seem naive... but, probably, in the more than hundred years that have passed since then, something else has left us along with naivety, which cannot be replaced by any knowledge of life...

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At his name my soul trembles;
Melancholy still squeezes my chest,
And the gaze involuntarily sparkles with a hot tear.
I still madly love him!
Quiet joy penetrates my soul,
And clear joy descends on the heart,
When I pray to the creator for him.

Writer (after her husband Seven). She was born on June 29, 1824 in the village of Subbotin, Lyubimsky district, Yaroslavl province, the family estate of her father, Valerian Nikandrovich Zh., who belonged to an ancient noble family. V.N. served first in the navy, and then, having retired with the rank of captain-lieutenant, transferred to the civilian service and was until the early 1850s. Chairman of the Yaroslavl Chamber of the Civil Court; the writer’s mother was Alexandra Ivanovna Gotovtseva, who graduated from the Smolny Institute course in 1821;

Yu.V. was the first child from this marriage. She was born with a physical disability: she had no left hand, and her right had only three fingers.

After the death of her mother in 1825, Yu. V. Zhadovskaya grew up in the house of her grandmother, Gotovtseva, in the village of Panfilovo (Buisky district). She described the love and care of her grandmother in the 1st part of her novel: “Away from the big world.” Zhadovskaya’s remarkable abilities manifested themselves early: in her sixth year she was already reading fluently, and soon, without outside help, she learned to write.

The village library of her grandfather Gotovtsev was placed at her complete disposal, and she, not guided by anyone in choosing books, read everything she found: for example, the works of Voltaire, Rousseau, and at the same time Eckartshausen and other mystics.

Until the age of 12, J. lived with her grandmother without a break, “taking advantage of the complete freedom of the village, in the lap of nature; most of all, she loved, albeit unconsciously, to surrender to the contemplation of the beauties of nature, under the beneficial influence of which the girl’s character took shape - dreamy, thoughtful, patient ". J.'s aunt, Anna Ivanovna Kornilova, née Gotovtseva, who came to Panfilovo (Pushkin, Prince Vyazemsky and Yazykov wrote messages to her and she herself published poems in magazines in 1820-1830), took her niece to Kostroma to study French there. Having lived in Kostroma for about a year, J. returned to her grandmother, and then, at the age of 15, her father sent her to the Kostroma boarding school of Madame Prévost de Lumien, where from the very first days she became everyone’s favorite and best student.

Soon, however, her father took her to Yaroslavl and invited the young, talented teacher of the Yaroslavl gymnasium P. M. Perevlesssky, who was destined to play a prominent role in J.’s life, to teach her Russian. Noticing remarkable abilities and poetic talent in his student, Perevlessky tried in every possible way to promote her development and education and encouraged her first experiments in poetry.

Under the influence of these relationships, a feeling of love, deep and sincere, for her mentor crept into the girl’s soul.

The feeling was mutual.

For two or three years, however, they hid their feelings;

J. discovered them only in her poems (the first of them were published in 1843 in Moskvityanin). But when, in 1843, Perevlessky was transferred to Moscow against his will, the young people explained themselves and asked the old man Zhadovsky for permission to get married.

Not wanting to see his daughter as the wife of a poor, ignorant teacher, Zhadovsky responded with a decisive refusal.

This refusal, accepted resignedly and with outward calm, cost Zhadovskaya many years of severe mental suffering that broke her health.

Attributing to the feeling she experienced a decisive influence on her character, Zh. wrote in a letter to Yu. N. Bartenev: “God grant to every woman to get out from under the yoke of heartache, misfortune, failure and grief, without losing strength and good spirits. Love for women - especially the first (and I also call the last one first, that is, the one who is stronger than everyone else) - is a test of her strength and heart.

Only after such love is a woman’s character formed, her will becomes stronger, experience and the ability to think appear..." And indeed, the works of J., written by her during this period, are the best of her lyrical plays: they bear the imprint of an immediate, sincere and deep spiritual movement .

The feeling for Perevlessky lived in her for a long time, and for many years she harbored the hope of uniting her fate with the fate of her loved one.

In order to drown out the emptiness of her heart that weighed her down in the house of her father, who loved her in his own way, but had a difficult character, 19-year-old Zh. took in her orphan cousin N.P. Gotovtseva, to whose care she devoted her entire life, selflessly and having lovingly devoted himself to her upbringing, Zhadovsky, for his part, tried to entertain his daughter and repeatedly took her to Moscow and St. Petersburg, where she met many representatives of the literary and artistic world; in Moscow she visited her sincerely beloved Yu. N. Bartenev, who knew her as a girl in Kostroma; he brought her acquaintance with Pogodin; she also met with Khomyakov, Zagoskin, I. Aksakov, F. Glinka; in St. Petersburg she visited the house of F. I. Pryanishnikov, where, by the way, she met K. Bryullov, and M. P. Vronchenko, who knew J. back in Yaroslavl, introduced her to I. S. Turgenev, A. V. Druzhinin , Prince P. A. Vyazemsky, M. P. Rosenheim, E. I. Guber.

Everyone paid attention to the talented girl, whose fame as a writer had already become established by this time.

In 1846, she published a collection of “Poems” in Moscow, which was met with sympathetic reviews from critics of that time, who, however, noted in her works not so much poetic merits as “civic motives,” material for judging and understanding the position of a thinking woman, humiliated and overwhelmed by the environment.

So, for example, V.N. Maikov wrote that Zh.’s poems “fully express the general character and social position of a woman,” since the theme of all of them “is the internal struggle of a woman, whose soul is developed by nature and education, with all that what opposes this development and what cannot get along with it.

This is a complete, albeit brief, history of a female soul, filled with a desire for normal living conditions, but encountering contradictions and obstacles to its desire at every step, not only in external circumstances, but also in its own misunderstandings, hesitations and self-delusions." In conclusion of his analysis, Mike , saying that J. is gifted with “both talent and the ability for further development,” wanted to see in her works “more love for life and as little love for ghosts as possible.” Belinsky also expressed regret that the source of inspiration for her talent “is not life , but a dream." Finally, in the "Library for Reading" it was said that in J.'s poems "a strong talent is visible; a deep feeling or a wonderful thought appears everywhere; she writes not by order, not out of nothing to do, but by an irresistible attraction of the soul, by a deep poetic calling." P. A. Pletnev in his analysis also found that Zh. expressed her inner world in poetry, the world of a woman who feels, dreams, loving, hopeful and believing,” but he also wanted to see in her works “fullness of life, richness of characters, a more decisive direction of poetry.” These reviews perfectly characterize J.'s talent in the early days of its development, when, after the mental storm she suffered, she tried to surrender to abstract dreams, contemplation of nature and internal spiritual movements.

Finding solace in literary pursuits, J. wrote a lot and her works often appeared in print; Thus, numerous poems were placed in the “Moscow Literary and Scientific Collection”, “Moscow City List”, “Library for Reading” (1847), “Moskvityanin” (1848, 1851, 1852, 1853 and 1855), “Yaroslavl Literary Collection” ( 1850), "Rauthe" (1851 and 1854). In 1857, Zh. published the novel: “Away from the Great World” (Russian Bulletin, 1857, No. 5-8 and a separate edition, M. 1857, 2nd edition M. 1887) , in which, as in other stories (a separate edition of them was published in St. Petersburg in 1858; this included: “A Simple Case”, “Unintentional Evil”, “Excerpts from the Diary of a Young Woman”, “Correspondence”, “Nor darkness, no light", "Unaccepted Sacrifice", "The Power of the Past"), contains a lot of autobiographical data and contains a living gallery of village pre-reform types, drawn ingenuously and truthfully; This novel, called “wonderful” by Dobrolyubov, attracted the attention of the public of that time.

In 1858, the second collection of Zhadovskaya’s “Poems” appeared, supplemented, compared to the 1846 edition, with many new plays.

It was met with general praise, and Dobrolyubov, in a detailed analysis of it, “without hesitation,” ranked it “among the best phenomena of our poetic literature of recent times.” “Sincerity, complete sincerity of feeling, and the calm simplicity of its expression” - these, in his opinion, are the main advantages of Zhadovskaya’s poems.

The mood of her feelings is sad; its main motives are thoughtful contemplation of nature; the consciousness of loneliness in the world, the memory of what happened, once bright, happy, but irrevocably past.... She managed to find poetry in her soul, in her feelings, and conveys her impressions, thoughts and feelings quite simply and calmly, like things very ordinary, but dear to her personally. It is precisely this respect for one’s feelings, without any pretension to elevate them to a universal ideal, that is the charm of Zhadovskaya’s poems.

With approximately the same words, the collection of “Poems” by Zh. and Pisarev was greeted.

Occasionally, “civic motives” are heard in J.’s works, as for example in the poems: “To I. S. Aksakov”, “Among the soulless and insignificant”, “N. F. Shcherbina”, “They say the time will come”, “To modern man” , "N.A. Nekrasov"; in the spirit of the poetry of Koltsov and Nikitin, such charming plays as “Niva, my Niva” and “Sad Picture” were written; In addition, J. translated from Heine, Freiligrath, Uhland, and Seydlitz.

Her literary activity culminated in the novel "Women's History" and the story "Backward", the first published in the magazine "Time" 1861, No. 2-4 (and a separate publication, St. Petersburg, 1861), and the second in No. 12 of the same magazine for the same year; but they were not successful with the public.

Since the early 1860s. J. almost never appeared in print.

Returning from St. Petersburg to Yaroslavl, she married the old doctor Karl Bogdanovich Seven, a longtime friend of the Zhadovsky family.

After the death of her sick father (1870), whom she selflessly cared for for 5 years, Zh. soon sold her house in Yaroslavl and bought herself a small estate 7 miles from the city of Buy, Kostroma province. (the village of Tolstikovo, not far from her grandmother’s estate, where she spent her childhood) and here she lived out her sad life. Having lost her husband in 1881, Zh. slowly faded away and died on July 23, 1888 on her estate, the village of Tolstikovo, Buysky district. In addition to the above publications, Zh.’s works are found in: “Illustrations” of the 1850s, “Son of the Fatherland”, “Russian Bulletin” of 1857, “Collection in memory of A.F. Smirdin” (1858), “Russian Word” ", "Kostroma Provincial Gazette" (1856), "Yaroslavl Provincial Gazette" (1856 and 1889), "Russian Antiquity" (1890 and 1891). In 1885, in St. Petersburg, the writer’s brother, P. V. Zhadovsky, published “The Complete Works of Yu. V. Zhadovskaya,” in 3 volumes; in 1886, an additional volume containing her correspondence and poems was published there, and in 1894, her “Complete Works” was republished in St. Petersburg, in 4 volumes. Some of Zh.'s poems were set to music by A. S. Dargomyzhsky ("I pray to You, my Creator", "Enchant me, enchant") and other composers.

Biography of J. in the Complete Collected Works, editions 1885 and 1894; N. P. Fedorova, Memoirs of Yu. V. Zh. ("Historical Bulletin" 1887, vol. 30, pp. 394-407); N.V. Gerbel, Russian poets in biographies and samples, St. Petersburg, 1888, ed. 3rd, pp. 489-492; A. N. Salnikov, Russian poets for a hundred years, St. Petersburg. 1901, pp. 209-212; Gallery of Russian Writers, ed. S. Skirmunta, M., 1901, p. 423; Bryullov Archive, ed. I. A. Kubasova, St. Petersburg. 1900, pp. 158-159; N. Barsukov, Life and works of Pogodin, vol. X, XI and XII; Works of Belinsky, ed. 1861, part XI, pp. 46-47; Works of V. N. Maykov, vol. II, Kyiv, 1901, pp. 96-102; Works and correspondence of P. A. Pletnev, vol. II, St. Petersburg. 1885, pp. 542-546; Works of N. A. Dobrolyubov, vol. II, St. Petersburg. 1862, pp. 193-208, vol. IV, p. 456; Works of D. I. Pisarev, vol. I, ed. 1894, pp. 4-6; Works of A. V. Druzhinin, vol. VI, pp. 122-124, 163 and 198-200 and 717; "Northern Bulletin" 1885, No. 1; "Weekly Review" 1885, No. 64; "Russian Thought" 1885, No. 6; Works of A. Grigoriev, pp. 80, 107; Works of A. M. Skabichevsky, vol. I (same - "Bulletin of Europe" 1886, No. 1), pp. 5-28; "Poetry and personality of Zhadovskaya", article by I. I. Ivanov in the collection. "Initiation" 1896, pp. 270-283; "Ancient and New Russia" 1877, No. 9, pp. 71-74, article by P. V. Bykov; "Week" 1876, in an article by M. Tsebrikova about Russian women writers; "New Russian Bazaar" 1875, No. 2, article by P. V. Bykov;

Poems by M. P. Rozenheim, ed. 1858, p. 140; I. S. Aksakov in his letters, part I, M. 1888, appendix. p. 89; "Historical Bulletin" 1883, vol. XIV, p. 463; "Moscow.

Leaflet" 1883, No. 258; "Moscow Gazette" 1883, No. 260; "Notes of the Teacher" 1883, book 6, pp. 356-357; "Worldly Talk" 1883, No. 35; "Picturesque Review" 1884, No. 12; Prince N. N. Golitsyn, Biographical Dictionary of Russian Writers, St. Petersburg, 1889, pp. 112-113; S. I. Ponomarev, Our Writers, St. Petersburg, 1891, p. 35; D. D. Yazykov, Review of the lives and works of deceased Russian writers, issue III et seq.; "Report of the Imperial Public Library for 1886", p. 14; "Russian Antiquity" 1891, v. 69, p. 484; "Shchukin Collection", issue IV, M. 1905, p. 311-859 (letters from J. to Yu. N. Bartenev 1845-1852); Reference Encyclopedic Dictionary of Starchevsky, vol. IV, St. Petersburg 1855, pp. 284-285; Fiedler, "Der Russische Parnass"; "Women's Education" 1883, No. 9, pp. 618-621; "Odessa Bulletin" 1883, No. 215; "Russian Courier" 1883, No. 186; "Southern Region" 1883, No. 949; "Nov" 1885, vol. II, No. 7, mosaic, pp. 425 and 1886, vol. IX, no. 9, mosaic, p. 476 and no. 10, p. 201; "North. Vestn." 1885, No. 1, pp. 199-200. B. Modzalevsky. (Polovtsov) Zhadovskaya, Yulia Valerianovna - writer (1824-1883). Having lost her mother early, she was raised by her grandmother, then by her aunt, A. I. Kornilova , an educated woman who passionately loved literature and published articles and poems in publications of the twenties. Having entered Pribytkova's boarding school (in Kostroma), J.'s successes in Russian literature attracted the special attention of P. M. Perevlessky, who taught this subject (later a professor at the Alexander Lyceum He began to supervise her classes and develop her aesthetic taste. The young teacher and his student fell in love with each other, but Zh.’s father did not want to hear about his daughter’s marriage to a former seminarian.

The meek girl unquestioningly submitted to her father’s will and, having parted with her loved one, remained faithful to his memory until the end of her life.

She moved to her father in Yaroslavl, and years of severe domestic bondage began for her.

Having learned, however, about his daughter’s poetic experiments, the father took her to Moscow and St. Petersburg to give her talent a boost.

In Moscow, J. met M. P. Pogodin, who published several of her poems in Moskvityanin.

In St. Petersburg she met Prince Vyazemsky, Guber, Druzhinin, Turgenev, Rosenheim and other writers.

In 1846, J. published her poems, which brought her fame.

Later, during her second stay in Moscow, she met Khomyakov, Zagoskin, I.S. Aksakov and other Slavophiles, but did not become a Slavophile.

Living exclusively by the heart, maintaining until the end of her life the simple-minded faith that is found among the masses, J. stood on the same level as the majority of educated women of her time, differing from them only in greater erudition and literary talent.

Sharing the fate of these women, she experienced heavy oppression that shattered the lives of many of them. Despite the extreme subjectivity of her talent, she portrayed the same heroine in her works - herself. The motives of her poems are mourning for love strangled in its prime, memories of a loved one, humble admiration for fate, contemplation of an all-reconciling nature, hope for heavenly happiness and a bitter awareness of the emptiness of life. J.'s prose works are significantly inferior to her poems.

Her first story, “A Simple Case” (1847), depicts the unhappy love of a young noblewoman and a poor tutor serving in her father’s house. The novel "Away from the Big World" ("Russian Messenger", 1857) is based on the same collision: a young girl from a landowner family falls in love with a poor seminarian teacher - and again the young people separate, not daring to even think about marriage. In 1858, a new edition of J.’s poems was published, and in 1861, her novel and story appeared in the magazine “Time,” which reflected the spirit of the times.

In the first, entitled "A Woman's Story", the heroine is a girl seeking independent work and helping her cousin, a rich bride, marry a poor man, despite the resistance of her relatives.

The story "Backward" is even more imbued with the spirit of the 60s, but neither it nor "Women's History" were successful; This upset J. and she stopped writing completely.

In 1862, she decided to marry the old man, Dr. K. B. Seven, in order to get rid of her father’s unbearable guardianship. Belinsky's review ("Works", XI, 46) of Zh.'s first collection of poems is unfavorable, which can be explained in part by the fact that most of them appeared in the Slavophile "Moskvityanin". A much more favorable review of the second collection was given by Dobrolyubov ("Works", II, 210), who appreciated in them "sincereness, complete sincerity of feeling and the calm simplicity of its expression." The complete collection of Zh.'s works was published by P. V. Zhadovsky (St. Petersburg, 1885). Wed. A. Skabichevsky, "Songs about female bondage in the poetry of Yu. V. Zh." ("Works", vol. I). V.K. (Brockhaus)

Yulia Valerianovna Zhadovskaya. Biography

Born June 29, 1824 in the village. Subbotin, Lyubimsky district, Yaroslavl province, the estate of his father, a major provincial official who belonged to an old noble family. Having lost her mother early, she was taken in by her grandmother and spent her childhood on her estate, s. Panfilov, Buisky district, Kostroma province. The grandmother did little to educate the girl, who was sickly and born crippled - without a left hand and with three fingers on her right; but she became addicted to reading and learned to write on her own. At the age of thirteen, she spent about a year in Kostroma, with her aunt A.I. Kornilova, who in the 20-30s appeared in magazines with poetry under her maiden name Gotovtsova.

At the fifteenth year of her life, Zhadovskaya entered a private boarding school in Kostroma. The young teacher P. M. Perevlessky, later a prominent philologist, discovered her extraordinary literary abilities and approved of her first poetic experiments. But soon the boarding house closed, and Zhadovskaya settled in her father’s house in Yaroslavl from 1840. Perevlessky, who transferred to the Yaroslavl gymnasium, was invited to be her home teacher. The young people fell in love with each other. For several years their feelings were kept secret, but when they, intending to get married, opened up to Zhadovskaya’s father, he resolutely opposed his daughter’s marriage to a poor commoner, the son of a deacon, and achieved his transfer to Moscow. Zhadovskaya, submitting to her father’s will, remained in his house, where she lived for another twenty years. Literary studies became the only outlet in her joyless existence. The main motive for the poems, and then for many prose works, was the love drama she experienced.

Having become interested in his daughter’s poems, Zhadovsky in 1843 took her to Moscow and St. Petersburg, where she met many writers. M.P. Pogodin appreciated the talent of the young poetess and in the same year published in “Moskvityanin” her ethnographic essay “Seeing off Maslenitsa in Buisky and Soligalitsky districts” and two poems - “The best pearl is hidden...” and “Many drops of light...” ". From then on, Zhadovskaya's poems often appeared in the magazine.

In 1846, Zhadovskaya published her “Poems” in St. Petersburg. The book received sympathetic reviews in a number of magazines. Belinsky's review was stricter than others. Then Zhadovskaya’s poems were published in various magazines and almanacs.

In 1847, Zhadovskaya's story "A Simple Case" was published. It was followed by a number of short stories, novellas and novels; The most significant among them was the novel “Away from the Great World” (Russian Messenger, 1857).

In 1858, the second collection of "Poems" appeared. In addition to many reprinted from the first book, a large number of new works are included here, along with deeply personal ones - and poems of a civil nature. The book was warmly received by critics (reviews by Dobrolyubov, V. Maykov, Pisarev; Chernyshevsky’s positive assessment is also known). Dobrolyubov, in particular, considered the collection “among the best phenomena of our poetic literature of recent times.” (N. A. Dobrolyubov, Collected works, vol. 3, M.-L., 1962, p. 134.)

In the same year, "Tales of Yulia Zhadovskaya" was published.

Subsequently, Zhadovskaya almost never published her poems. Her prose works also appear less and less often. Having published the novel "Women's History" and the story "Backward" ("Time", 1861), she completely stopped literary activity.

In 1862, Zhadovskaya married a longtime family friend, doctor K.B. Seven, and only then was freed from her father’s financial and moral guardianship. She spent the last years of her life on the estate she bought after her father’s death, s. Tolstikov, Kostroma province, where she died on July 23, 1883.

The poetess's brother, P.V. Zhadovsky, after her death, published "The Complete Works of Yu. Zhadovskaya" in four volumes (St. Petersburg, 1885-1886), which included her poems, prose and part of her letters. In this edition, in several cases, stanzas that were probably excluded from lifetime editions were restored by censorship. However, Zhadovskaya’s poems are collected here very incompletely; The publisher does not include here “too weak, unfinished plays,” a number of works from handwritten notebooks and those of the poems included in the 1846 collection that Zhadovskaya did not reprint in the 1858 collection. The discrepancies in the text of some poems, in comparison with Zhadovskaya’s lifetime publications, are not motivated in any way and therefore cannot be considered a manifestation of her last authorial will.

Poems by the poet

Yulia Valerianovna Zhadovskaya is a Russian writer. Sister of the writer Pavel Zhadovsky.

In 1862, she decided to marry the old man, Dr. K. B. Seven, in order to get rid of her father’s unbearable guardianship.