Specification
control measuring materials
for holding the unified state exam in 2016
in chemistry
1. Purpose of KIM Unified State Exam
The Unified State Exam (hereinafter referred to as the Unified State Exam) is a form of objective assessment of the quality of training of persons who have mastered educational programs of secondary general education, using tasks of a standardized form (control measurement materials).
The Unified State Examination is conducted in accordance with the Federal Law of December 29, 2012 No. 273-FZ “On Education in the Russian Federation.”
Control measuring materials make it possible to establish the level of mastery by graduates of the Federal component of the state standard of secondary (complete) general education in chemistry, basic and specialized levels.
The results of the unified state exam in chemistry are recognized by educational organizations of secondary vocational education and educational organizations of higher professional education as the results of entrance tests in chemistry.
2. Documents defining the content of the Unified State Exam KIM
3. Approaches to selecting content and developing the structure of the Unified State Exam KIM
The basis for the approaches to the development of the 2016 Unified State Exam KIM in chemistry were those general methodological guidelines that were determined during the formation of examination models of previous years. The essence of these settings is as follows.
- KIMs are focused on testing the assimilation of a knowledge system, which is considered as an invariant core of the content of existing chemistry programs for general education organizations. In the standard, this knowledge system is presented in the form of requirements for the training of graduates. These requirements correspond to the level of presentation of the tested content elements in the CMM.
- In order to ensure the possibility of differentiated assessment of the educational achievements of KIM Unified State Examination graduates, the mastery of basic educational programs in chemistry is checked at three levels of complexity: basic, advanced and high. The educational material on which the assignments are based is selected on the basis of its significance for the general education training of high school graduates.
- Completing the tasks of the examination work involves the implementation of a certain set of actions. Among them, the most indicative are, for example, such as: identifying classification characteristics of substances and reactions; determine the degree of oxidation of chemical elements using the formulas of their compounds; explain the essence of a particular process, the relationship between the composition, structure and properties of substances. The ability of the examinee to carry out various actions when performing work is considered as an indicator of assimilation of the studied material with the necessary depth of understanding.
- The equivalence of all versions of the examination work is ensured by maintaining the same ratio of the number of tasks that test the mastery of the basic elements of the content of key sections of the chemistry course.
4. Structure of KIM Unified State Exam
Each version of the examination paper is built according to a single plan: the paper consists of two parts, including 40 tasks. Part 1 contains 35 tasks with a short answer, including 26 tasks of a basic level of complexity (the serial numbers of these tasks: 1, 2, 3, 4, ... 26) and 9 tasks of an increased level of complexity (the serial numbers of these tasks: 27, 28, 29, …35).
Part 2 contains 5 tasks of a high level of complexity, with a detailed answer (the serial numbers of these tasks: 36, 37, 38, 39, 40).
To solve problems of this type, you need to know the general formulas for classes of organic substances and general formulas for calculating the molar mass of substances of these classes:
Majority decision algorithm molecular formula problems includes the following actions:
— writing reaction equations in general form;
— finding the amount of substance n for which the mass or volume is given, or the mass or volume of which can be calculated according to the conditions of the problem;
— finding the molar mass of a substance M = m/n, the formula of which needs to be established;
— finding the number of carbon atoms in a molecule and drawing up the molecular formula of a substance.
Examples of solving problem 35 of the Unified State Exam in chemistry to find the molecular formula of an organic substance from combustion products with an explanation
The combustion of 11.6 g of organic matter produces 13.44 liters of carbon dioxide and 10.8 g of water. The vapor density of this substance in air is 2. It has been established that this substance interacts with an ammonia solution of silver oxide, is catalytically reduced by hydrogen to form a primary alcohol, and can be oxidized with an acidified solution of potassium permanganate to carboxylic acid. Based on this data:
1) establish the simplest formula of the starting substance,
2) make up its structural formula,
3) give the reaction equation for its interaction with hydrogen.
Solution: general formula of organic matter is CxHyOz.
Let's convert the volume of carbon dioxide and the mass of water into moles using the formulas:
n = m/M And n = V/ Vm,
Molar volume Vm = 22.4 l/mol
n(CO 2) = 13.44/22.4 = 0.6 mol, => the original substance contained n(C) = 0.6 mol,
n(H 2 O) = 10.8/18 = 0.6 mol, => the original substance contained twice as much n(H) = 1.2 mol,
This means that the required compound contains oxygen in the amount of:
n(O)= 3.2/16 = 0.2 mol
Let's look at the ratio of the C, H and O atoms that make up the original organic substance:
n(C) : n(H) : n(O) = x: y: z = 0.6: 1.2: 0.2 = 3: 6: 1
We found the simplest formula: C 3 H 6 O
To find out the true formula, we find the molar mass of an organic compound using the formula:
М(СxHyOz) = Dair(СxHyOz) *M(air)
M source (СxHyOz) = 29*2 = 58 g/mol
Let's check whether the true molar mass corresponds to the molar mass of the simplest formula:
M (C 3 H 6 O) = 12*3 + 6 + 16 = 58 g/mol - corresponds, => the true formula coincides with the simplest one.
Molecular formula: C 3 H 6 O
From the problem data: “this substance interacts with an ammonia solution of silver oxide, is catalytically reduced by hydrogen to form a primary alcohol and can be oxidized with an acidified solution of potassium permanganate to a carboxylic acid,” we conclude that it is an aldehyde.
2) When 18.5 g of saturated monobasic carboxylic acid reacted with an excess of sodium bicarbonate solution, 5.6 l (n.s.) of gas was released. Determine the molecular formula of the acid.
3) A certain saturated carboxylic monobasic acid weighing 6 g requires the same mass of alcohol for complete esterification. This yields 10.2 g of ester. Determine the molecular formula of the acid.
4) Determine the molecular formula of acetylene hydrocarbon if the molar mass of the product of its reaction with excess hydrogen bromide is 4 times greater than the molar mass of the original hydrocarbon
5) When an organic substance weighing 3.9 g was burned, carbon monoxide (IV) weighing 13.2 g and water weighing 2.7 g were formed. Derive the formula of the substance, knowing that the vapor density of this substance with respect to hydrogen is 39.
6) When an organic substance weighing 15 g was burned, carbon monoxide (IV) with a volume of 16.8 liters and water weighing 18 g were formed. Derive the formula of the substance, knowing that the vapor density of this substance for hydrogen fluoride is 3.
7) When 0.45 g of gaseous organic matter was burned, 0.448 l (n.s.) of carbon dioxide, 0.63 g of water and 0.112 l (n.s.) of nitrogen were released. The density of the initial gaseous substance by nitrogen is 1.607. Determine the molecular formula of this substance.
8) The combustion of oxygen-free organic matter produced 4.48 liters (n.s.) of carbon dioxide, 3.6 g of water and 3.65 g of hydrogen chloride. Determine the molecular formula of the burnt compound.
9) When an organic substance weighing 9.2 g was burned, carbon monoxide (IV) with a volume of 6.72 l (n.s.) and water weighing 7.2 g were formed. Establish the molecular formula of the substance.
10) During the combustion of an organic substance weighing 3 g, carbon monoxide (IV) with a volume of 2.24 l (n.s.) and water weighing 1.8 g were formed. It is known that this substance reacts with zinc.
Based on the data of the task conditions:
1) make the calculations necessary to establish the molecular formula of an organic substance;
2) write down the molecular formula of the original organic substance;
3) draw up a structural formula of this substance, which unambiguously reflects the order of bonds of atoms in its molecule;
4) write the equation for the reaction of this substance with zinc.
However, it is often chosen by students who want to enroll in universities in the relevant field. This testing is necessary for those who want to further study chemistry, chemical technology and medicine, or will specialize in biotechnology. The inconvenient thing is that the exam date coincides with the exam in history and literature.
However, these subjects are rarely taken together - they are too different in focus for universities to require the Unified State Exam results to be provided in such a set. This exam is quite difficult - the percentage of those who cannot cope with it ranges from 6 to 11%, and the average test score is about 57. All this does not contribute to the popularity of this subject - chemistry ranks only seventh in the popularity rating among past graduates.
The Unified State Exam in Chemistry is important for future doctors, chemists and biotechnologists
Demo version of the Unified State Exam-2016
Unified State Examination dates in chemistry
Early period
- April 2, 2016 (Sat) - Main exam
- April 21, 2016 (Thu) - Reserve
Main stage
- June 20, 2016 (Mon) - Main exam
- June 22, 2016 (Wed) - Reserve
Changes in the Unified State Exam 2016
Unlike last year, some general innovations have appeared in the examination in this discipline. In particular, the number of tests that will have to be solved at the basic level has been reduced (from 28 to 26), and the maximum number of primary points in chemistry is now 64. As for the specific features of the 2016 exam, some of the tasks have undergone changes in the answer format, which should give to the student.
- In task No. 6 you need to demonstrate whether you know the classification of inorganic compounds and choose 3 answers from 6 options proposed in the test;
- Tests numbered 11 and 18 are designed to determine whether the student knows the genetic relationships between organic and inorganic compounds. The correct answer requires choosing 2 options out of 5 specified formulations;
- Tests No. 24, 25 and 26 assume the answer is in the form of a number that must be determined independently, while a year ago schoolchildren had the opportunity to choose an answer from the proposed options;
- In numbers 34 and 35, students must not just choose answers, but establish correspondence. These tasks relate to the topic “Chemical properties of hydrocarbons”.
In 2016, the chemistry exam includes 40 tasks. General information
The exam in chemistry will last 210 minutes (3.5 hours). The examination ticket includes 40 tasks, which are divided into three categories:
- A1–A26– refer to tasks that allow assessing the basic training of graduates. The correct answer to these tests gives you the opportunity to score 1 primary point. You should spend 1-4 minutes completing each task;
- B1–B9- these are tests with an increased level of complexity; they will require students to briefly formulate the correct answer and in total will give the opportunity to score 18 primary points. Each task takes 5-7 minutes to complete;
- C1–C5– belong to the category of tasks of increased complexity. In this case, the student is required to formulate a detailed answer. In total, you can get another 20 primary points. Each task can take up to 10 minutes.
The minimum score in this subject must be at least 14 primary points (36 test points).
How to prepare for the exam?
To pass the national exam in chemistry, you can download and practice demo versions of the exam papers in advance. The proposed materials give an idea of what you will have to face at the Unified State Exam in 2016. Systematic work with tests will allow you to analyze gaps in knowledge. Practicing on a demo version allows students to quickly navigate the real exam - you do not waste time trying to calm down, concentrate and understand the wording of the questions.
Demonstration versions of the Unified State Exam in chemistry for grade 11 consist of two parts. The first part includes tasks for which you need to give a short answer. For the tasks from the second part, you must give a detailed answer.
All demo versions of the Unified State Exam in chemistry contain correct answers to all tasks and assessment criteria for tasks with a detailed answer.
There are no changes compared to.
Demo versions of the Unified State Examination in Chemistry
Note that demonstration options in chemistry are presented in pdf format, and to view them you must have, for example, the free Adobe Reader software package installed on your computer.
| Demonstration version of the Unified State Examination in Chemistry for 2002 |
| Demonstration version of the Unified State Examination in Chemistry for 2004 |
| Demonstration version of the Unified State Examination in Chemistry for 2005 |
| Demonstration version of the Unified State Examination in Chemistry for 2006 |
| Demonstration version of the Unified State Examination in Chemistry for 2008 |
| Demonstration version of the Unified State Examination in Chemistry for 2009 |
| Demonstration version of the Unified State Examination in Chemistry for 2010 |
| Demo version of the Unified State Examination in Chemistry for 2011 |
| Demo version of the Unified State Examination in Chemistry for 2012 |
| Demonstration version of the Unified State Examination in Chemistry for 2013 |
| Demonstration version of the Unified State Examination in Chemistry for 2014 |
| Demo version of the Unified State Examination in Chemistry for 2015 |
| Demo version of the Unified State Examination in Chemistry for 2016 |
| Demo version of the Unified State Exam in Chemistry for 2017 |
| Demo version of the Unified State Examination in Chemistry for 2018 |
| Demo version of the Unified State Exam in Chemistry for 2019 |
Changes in demo versions of the Unified State Examination in Chemistry
Demonstration versions of the Unified State Exam in chemistry for grade 11 for 2002 - 2014 consisted of three parts. The first part included tasks in which you need to choose one of the proposed answers. The tasks from the second part required a short answer. For the tasks from the third part it was necessary to give a detailed answer.
In 2014 in demo version of the Unified State Exam in chemistry the following were introduced changes:
- all calculation tasks, the implementation of which was estimated at 1 point, were placed in part 1 of the work (A26–A28),
- subject "Redox reactions" tested using assignments AT 2 And C1;
- subject "Hydrolysis of salts" was checked only with the help of the task AT 4;
- a new task has been included(at position AT 6) to check the topics “qualitative reactions to inorganic substances and ions”, “qualitative reactions of organic compounds”
- total number of tasks in each version it became 42 (instead of 43 in the 2013 work).
In 2015 there were fundamental changes have been made:
- The assessment system has been changed tasks to find the molecular formula of a substance. The maximum score for completing it is 4 (instead of 3 points in 2014).
The option became consist of two parts(part 1 - short answer assignments, part 2 - long-answer assignments).
Numbering tasks became through throughout the entire version without letter designations A, B, C.
Was The form of recording the answer in tasks with a choice of answers has been changed: The answer now needs to be written down in a number with the number of the correct answer (rather than marked with a cross).
Was the number of tasks at the basic difficulty level has been reduced from 28 to 26 tasks.
Maximum score for completing all tasks of the 2015 examination paper became 64 (instead of 65 points in 2014).
IN 2016 year in demonstration version in chemistrysignificant changes have been made compared to the previous year 2015 :
In part 1 changed the format of tasks 6, 11, 18, 24, 25 and 26 basic level of difficulty with a short answer.
Changed the format of tasks 34 and 35 increased level of difficulty : these tasks now require matching instead of selecting multiple correct answers from a given list.
The distribution of tasks by difficulty level and types of skills tested has been changed.
In 2017 compared to demo version 2016 in chemistrysignificant changes have occurred. The structure of the examination paper has been optimized:
Was the structure of the first part has been changed demo version: tasks with a choice of one answer were excluded from it; the tasks were grouped into separate thematic blocks, each of which began to contain tasks of both basic and advanced levels of complexity.
Was the total number of tasks has been reduced up to 34.
Was grading scale changed(from 1 to 2 points) completing tasks of a basic level of complexity that test the assimilation of knowledge about the genetic connection of inorganic and organic substances (9 and 17).
Maximum score for completing all tasks of the examination work was reduced to 60 points.
In 2018 in demo version of the Unified State Exam in chemistry compared with demo version 2017 in chemistry the following occurred changes:
Was added task 30 high level of complexity with a detailed answer,
Maximum score for completing all tasks of the examination work remained without change by changing the grading scale for tasks in Part 1.
IN demo version of the 2019 Unified State Exam in chemistry compared with demo version 2018 in chemistry there were no changes.
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