It is advisable to periodically use the listed drugs for all people after 40 years of age for prophylaxis 1-2 times a year, after 50 years of age - 2-3 times a year. Other medications are as needed.
How to take peptides
Since the restoration of the functional ability of cells occurs gradually and depends on the level of their existing damage, the effect can occur either 1-2 weeks after the start of taking peptides, or after 1-2 months. It is recommended to carry out the course for 1-3 months. It is important to consider that a three-month intake of natural peptide bioregulators has a prolonged effect, i.e. It works in the body for about 2-3 months. The resulting effect lasts for six months, and each subsequent course of administration has a potentiation effect, i.e. the effect of enhancing what has already been received.Since each peptide bioregulator targets a specific organ and does not affect other organs and tissues, the simultaneous use of drugs with different effects is not only not contraindicated, but is often recommended (up to 6-7 drugs at a time).
Peptides are compatible with any medications and biological additives. While taking peptides, it is advisable to gradually reduce the dose of concomitantly taken medications, which will have a positive effect on the patient’s body.
Short regulatory peptides do not undergo transformation in the gastrointestinal tract, so they can be safely, easily and simply used in encapsulated form by almost everyone.
Peptides in the gastrointestinal tract break down into di- and tri-peptides. Further breakdown to amino acids occurs in the intestines. This means that the peptides can be taken even without a capsule. This is very important when a person for some reason cannot swallow capsules. The same applies to severely weakened people or children, when the dosage needs to be reduced.
Peptide bioregulators can be taken for both preventive and therapeutic purposes.
Efficiency natural(PC) is 2-2.5 times lower than encapsulated. Therefore, their use for medicinal purposes should be longer (up to six months). Liquid peptide complexes are applied to the inner surface of the forearm in the projection of the veins or on the wrist and rub until completely absorbed. After 7-15 minutes, the peptides bind to dendritic cells, which carry out their further transport to the lymph nodes, where the peptides undergo a “transplant” and are sent through the bloodstream to the desired organs and tissues. Although peptides are proteins, their molecular weight is much smaller than that of proteins, so they easily penetrate the skin. The penetration of peptide drugs is further improved by their lipophilization, that is, their connection with a fatty base, which is why almost all peptide complexes for external use contain fatty acids.
Not long ago, the world's first series of peptide drugs appeared for sublingual use—
A fundamentally new method of application and the presence of a number of peptides in each of the drugs provide them with the fastest and most effective action. This drug, entering the sublingual space with a dense network of capillaries, is able to penetrate directly into the bloodstream, bypassing absorption through the mucous membrane of the digestive tract and primary metabolic decontamination of the liver. Taking into account direct entry into the systemic bloodstream, the rate of onset of the effect is several times higher than the rate when taking the drug orally.
Revilab SL line- these are complex synthesized drugs containing 3-4 components of very short chains (2-3 amino acids each). The concentration of peptides is the average between encapsulated peptides and PC in solution. In terms of speed of action, it occupies a leading position, because is absorbed and hits the target very quickly.
It makes sense to introduce this line of peptides at the initial stage, and then switch to natural peptides.
Another innovative series is a line of multicomponent peptide drugs. The line includes 9 drugs, each of which contains a number of short peptides, as well as antioxidants and building material for cells. An ideal option for those who do not like to take many medications, but prefer to get everything in one capsule.
The action of these new generation bioregulators is aimed at slowing down the aging process, maintaining a normal level of metabolic processes, preventing and correcting various conditions; rehabilitation after serious illnesses, injuries and operations.
Peptides in cosmetology
Peptides can be included not only in medicines, but also in other products. For example, Russian scientists have developed excellent cellular cosmetics with natural and synthesized peptides, which have an effect on the deep layers of the skin.External skin aging depends on many factors: lifestyle, stress, sunlight, mechanical irritants, climatic fluctuations, fad diets, etc. With age, the skin becomes dehydrated, loses elasticity, becomes rough, and a network of wrinkles and deep furrows appears on it. We all know that the process of natural aging is natural and irreversible. It is impossible to resist it, but it can be slowed down thanks to revolutionary cosmetology ingredients - low molecular weight peptides.
The uniqueness of peptides is that they freely pass through the stratum corneum into the dermis to the level of living cells and capillaries. Skin restoration occurs deep from the inside and, as a result, the skin retains its freshness for a long time. There is no addiction to peptide cosmetics - even if you stop using it, the skin will simply age physiologically.
Cosmetic giants are creating more and more “miracle” products. We trustingly buy and use, but no miracle happens. We blindly believe the labels on the cans, not realizing that this is often just a marketing technique.
For example, most cosmetic companies are busy producing and advertising anti-wrinkle creams with collagen as the main ingredient. Meanwhile, scientists have concluded that collagen molecules are so large that they simply cannot penetrate the skin. They settle on the surface of the epidermis and are then washed off with water. That is, when buying creams with collagen, we are literally throwing money down the drain.
Another popular active ingredient in anti-aging cosmetics is resveratrol. It really is a powerful antioxidant and immunostimulant, but only in the form of microinjections. If you rub it into the skin, a miracle will not happen. It has been experimentally proven that creams with resveratrol have virtually no effect on collagen production.
NPCRIZ, in collaboration with scientists from the St. Petersburg Institute of Bioregulation and Gerontology, has developed a unique peptide series of cellular cosmetics (based on natural peptides) and a series (based on synthesized peptides).
They are based on a group of peptide complexes with different application points that have a powerful and visible rejuvenating effect on the skin. As a result of application, skin cell regeneration, blood circulation and microcirculation are stimulated, as well as the synthesis of the collagen-elastin framework of the skin. All this manifests itself in lifting, as well as improving the texture, color and moisture of the skin.
Currently, 16 types of creams have been developed, incl. anti-aging and for problematic skin (with thymus peptides), for the face against wrinkles and for the body against stretch marks and scars (with peptides of bone-cartilaginous tissue), against spider veins (with vascular peptides), anti-cellulite (with liver peptides), for eyelids from swelling and dark circles (with peptides of the pancreas, blood vessels, osteochondral tissue and thymus), against varicose veins (with peptides of blood vessels and osteochondral tissue), etc. All creams, in addition to peptide complexes, contain other powerful active ingredients. It is important that the creams do not contain chemical components (preservatives, etc.).
The effectiveness of peptides has been proven in numerous experimental and clinical studies. Of course, to look great, creams alone are not enough. You need to rejuvenate your body from the inside, using from time to time various complexes of peptide bioregulators and micronutrients.
The line of cosmetics with peptides, in addition to creams, also includes shampoo, mask and hair conditioner, decorative cosmetics, tonics, serums for the skin of the face, neck and décolleté, etc.
It should also be taken into account that the sugar consumed significantly affects the appearance.
Due to a process called glycation, sugar has a damaging effect on the skin. Excess sugar increases the rate of collagen degradation, which leads to wrinkles.
Glycation - the interaction of sugars with proteins, primarily collagen, with the formation of cross-links - is a natural for our body, a constant irreversible process in our body and skin, leading to hardening of the connective tissue.
Glycation products – A.G.E particles. (Advanced Glycation Endproducts) - settle in cells, accumulate in our body and lead to many negative effects.
As a result of glycation, the skin loses its tone and becomes dull, it sags and looks old. This is directly related to lifestyle: reduce your consumption of sugar and flour (which is also good for normal weight) and take care of your skin every day!
To combat glycation, inhibit protein degradation and age-related skin changes, the company has developed an anti-aging drug with a powerful deglycating and antioxidant effect. The action of this product is based on stimulating the deglycation process, which affects the deep processes of skin aging and helps smooth out wrinkles and increase its elasticity. The drug includes a powerful anti-glycation complex - rosemary extract, carnosine, taurine, astaxanthin and alpha-lipoic acid.
Are peptides a panacea for old age?
According to the creator of peptide drugs, V. Khavinson, aging largely depends on lifestyle: “No drugs can save you if a person does not have the knowledge and correct behavior - this means observing biorhythms, proper nutrition, exercise and taking certain bioregulators.” As for the genetic predisposition to aging, according to him, we depend on genes for only 25 percent.The scientist claims that peptide complexes have enormous restorative potential. But elevating them to the rank of a panacea and attributing non-existent properties to peptides (most likely for commercial reasons) is categorically wrong!
Taking care of your health today means giving yourself a chance to live tomorrow. We ourselves must improve our lifestyle - exercise, give up bad habits, eat better. And of course, whenever possible, use peptide bioregulators that help maintain health and increase life expectancy.
Peptide bioregulators, developed by Russian scientists several decades ago, became available to the general consumer only in 2010. Gradually more and more people around the world are learning about them. The secret of maintaining the health and youthfulness of many famous politicians, artists, and scientists lies in the use of peptides. Here are just a few of them:
UAE Minister of Energy Sheikh Saeed,
President of Belarus Lukashenko,
President of Kazakhstan Nazarbayev,
King of Thailand
Academician Zh.I. Alferov, pilot-cosmonaut G.M. Grechko and his wife L.K. Grechko,
artists: V. Leontyev, E. Stepanenko and E. Petrosyan, L. Izmailov, T. Povaliy, I. Kornelyuk, I. Wiener (rhythmic gymnastics coach) and many, many others...
Peptide bioregulators are used by athletes of 2 Russian Olympic teams - in rhythmic gymnastics and rowing. The use of drugs allows us to increase the stress resistance of our gymnasts and contributes to the success of the team at international championships.
If in our youth we can afford to do health prevention periodically, whenever we want, then with age, unfortunately, we do not have such luxury. And if you don’t want to be in such a state tomorrow that your loved ones will be exhausted with you and will wait impatiently for your death, if you don’t want to die among strangers, because you don’t remember anything and everyone around you seems strangers to you in reality, you We must take action from today and take care not only of ourselves, but of our loved ones.
The Bible says, “Seek and you will find.” Perhaps you have found your own way of healing and rejuvenation.
Everything is in our hands, and only we can take care of ourselves. No one will do this for us!
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Water, one of the most amazing compounds on Earth, has long amazed researchers with the unusualness of many of its physical properties:
1) Inexhaustibility of both a substance and a natural resource; if all other resources of the earth are destroyed or dispersed, then water seems to escape from this, taking on various forms or states: in addition to liquid, solid and gaseous. It is the only substance and resource of its kind. This property ensures the omnipresence of water; it permeates the entire geographical envelope of the Earth and performs a variety of work in it.
2) Its inherent expansion during solidification (freezing) and reduction in volume during melting (transition to a liquid state).
3) Maximum density at a temperature of +4 ° C and the associated very important properties for natural and biological processes, for example, the exclusion of deep freezing of water bodies. As a rule, the maximum density of physical bodies is observed at the solidification temperature. The maximum density of distilled water is observed under abnormal conditions - at a temperature of 3.98-4 °C (or rounded +4 °C), i.e. at a temperature above the solidification (freezing) point. When the water temperature deviates from 4 °C in both directions, the density of water decreases.
4) When melting (melting), ice floats on the surface of water (unlike other liquids).
5) An abnormal change in the density of water entails the same abnormal change in the volume of water when heated: with an increase in temperature from 0 to 4 ° C, the volume of heated water decreases and only with a further increase begins to increase. If, with a decrease in temperature and during the transition from a liquid to a solid state, the density and volume of water changed in the same way as happens with the vast majority of substances, then when winter approaches, the surface layers of natural waters would cool to 0 ° C and sink to the bottom, freeing up space warmer layers, and this would continue until the entire mass of the reservoir acquired a temperature of 0 ° C. Then the water would begin to freeze, the resulting ice floes would sink to the bottom, and the reservoir would freeze to its entire depth. However, many forms of life in water would be impossible. But since water reaches its greatest density at 4 °C, the movement of its layers caused by cooling ends when this temperature is reached. With a further decrease in temperature, the cooled layer, which has a lower density, remains on the surface, freezes, and thereby protects the underlying layers from further cooling and freezing.
6) The transition of water from one state to another is accompanied by expenditure (evaporation, melting) or release (condensation, freezing) of a corresponding amount of heat. It takes 677 cal to melt 1 g of ice, and 80 cal less to evaporate 1 g of water. The high latent heat of fusion of ice ensures that snow and ice melt slowly.
7) The ability to relatively easily pass into a gaseous state (evaporate) not only at positive, but also at negative temperatures. In the latter case, evaporation occurs bypassing the liquid phase - from the solid (ice, snow) directly into the vapor phase. This phenomenon is called sublimation.
8) If we compare the boiling and freezing temperatures of hydrides formed by elements of the sixth group of the periodic table (selenium H 2 Se, tellurium H 2 Te) and water (H 2 O), then by analogy with them the boiling point of water should be about 60 ° C, and the freezing point is below 100° C. But even here the anomalous properties of water appear - at a normal pressure of 1 atm. water boils at +100 °C and freezes at 0 °C.
9) Of enormous importance in the life of nature is the fact that water has an abnormally high heat capacity, 3000 times greater than air. This means that when 1 m 3 of water is cooled by 1 0 C, 3000 m 3 of air is heated by the same amount. Therefore, by accumulating heat, the Ocean has a moderating effect on the climate of coastal areas.
10) Water absorbs heat when it evaporates and melts, releasing it when it condenses from steam and freezes.
11) The ability of water in dispersed media, for example in finely porous soils or biological structures, to pass into a bound or dispersed state. In these cases, the properties of water change greatly (its mobility, density, freezing point, surface tension and other parameters), which are extremely important for the occurrence of processes in natural and biological systems.
12) Water is a universal solvent, therefore, not only in nature, but also in laboratory conditions, there is no ideally pure water for the reason that it is capable of dissolving any vessel in which it is enclosed. It has been suggested that the surface tension of ideally pure water would be such that one could skate on it. The ability of water to dissolve ensures the transfer of substances in the geographic envelope, underlies the exchange of substances between organisms and the environment, and is the basis of nutrition.
13) Of all liquids (except mercury), water has the highest surface pressure and surface tension: = 75 10 -7 J/cm 2 (glycerol - 65, ammonia - 42, and all others below 30 10 -7 J/ cm 2). Because of this, a drop of water tends to take the shape of a ball, and when it comes into contact with solid bodies, it wets the surface of most of them. That is why it can rise up through the capillaries of rocks and plants, providing soil formation and plant nutrition.
14) Water has high thermal stability. Water vapor begins to decompose into hydrogen and oxygen only at temperatures above 1000 °C.
15) Chemically pure water is a very poor conductor of electricity. Due to low compressibility, sound and ultrasonic waves propagate well in water.
16) The properties of water change greatly under the influence of pressure and temperature. Thus, as pressure increases, the boiling point of water increases, and the freezing point, on the contrary, decreases. With increasing temperature, the surface tension, density and viscosity of water decrease and the electrical conductivity and speed of sound in water increase.
The anomalous properties of water taken together, indicating its extremely high resistance to external factors, are caused by the presence of additional forces between molecules, called hydrogen bonds. The essence of a hydrogen bond is that a hydrogen ion bonded to an ion of another element is capable of electrostatically attracting an ion of the same element from another molecule. The water molecule has an angular structure: the nuclei included in its composition form an isosceles triangle, at the base of which there are two protons, and at the apex - the nucleus of an oxygen atom (Figure 2.2).
Figure 2.2 – Structure of a water molecule
Of the 10 electrons (5 pairs) present in the molecule, one pair (internal electrons) is located near the oxygen nucleus, and of the remaining 4 pairs of electrons (external), one pair is shared between each of the protons and the oxygen nucleus, while 2 pairs remain undefined and directed to the vertices of the tetrahedron opposite from the protons. Thus, in a water molecule there are 4 charge poles located at the vertices of the tetrahedron: 2 negative, created by an excess of electron density at the locations of lone pairs of electrons, and 2 positive, created by its deficiency at the locations of protons.
As a result, the water molecule turns out to be an electric dipole. In this case, the positive pole of one water molecule attracts the negative pole of another water molecule. The result is aggregates (or associations of molecules) of two, three or more molecules (Figure 2.3).
Figure 2.3 – Formation of associated molecules by water dipoles:
1 – monohydrol H 2 O; 2 – dihydrol (H 2 O) 2; 3 – trihydrol (H 2 O) 3
Consequently, single, double and triple molecules are simultaneously present in water. Their content varies depending on temperature. Ice contains mainly trihydrols, the volume of which is larger than monohydrols and dihydrols. As the temperature rises, the speed of movement of molecules increases, the forces of attraction between molecules weaken, and in the liquid state, water is a mixture of tri-, di- and monohydrols. With a further increase in temperature, trihydrol and dihydrol molecules disintegrate; at a temperature of 100 °C, water consists of monohydrols (steam).
The existence of lone electron pairs determines the possibility of forming two hydrogen bonds. Two more bonds arise due to two hydrogen atoms. As a result, each water molecule is able to form four hydrogen bonds (Figure 2.4).
Figure 2.4 - Hydrogen bonds in water molecules:
– designation of hydrogen bond
Due to the presence of hydrogen bonds in water, a high degree of order is noted in the arrangement of its molecules, which brings it closer to a solid body, and numerous voids appear in the structure, making it very loose. The least dense structures include the ice structure. There are voids in it, the dimensions of which are slightly larger than the dimensions of the H 2 O molecule. When ice melts, its structure is destroyed. But even in liquid water, hydrogen bonds between molecules are preserved: associates arise - nuclei of crystalline formations. In this sense, water is in an intermediate position between the crystalline and liquid states and is more similar to a solid than to an ideal liquid. However, unlike ice, each associate exists for a very short time: the destruction of some aggregates and the formation of other aggregates constantly occurs. The voids of such “ice” aggregates can accommodate single water molecules, and the packing of water molecules becomes more dense. That is why, when ice melts, the volume occupied by water decreases and its density increases. At + 4 °C, water has the densest packing.
When water is heated, part of the heat is spent breaking hydrogen bonds. This explains the high heat capacity of water. Hydrogen bonds between water molecules are completely destroyed when water turns into steam.
The complexity of the structure of water is due not only to the properties of its molecule, but also to the fact that, due to the existence of oxygen and hydrogen isotopes, water contains molecules with different molecular weights (from 18 to 22). The most common is the "regular" molecule with a molecular weight of 18. The content of molecules with high molecular weight is small. Thus, “heavy water” (molecular weight 20) makes up less than 0.02% of all water reserves. It is not found in the atmosphere; in a ton of river water there is no more than 150 g, in sea water – 160-170 g. However, its presence gives “ordinary” water greater density and affects its other properties.
The amazing properties of water allowed life to arise and develop on Earth. Thanks to them, water can play an irreplaceable role in all processes occurring in the geographical environment.
October 02, 2012
Water- not only the most common, but also the most amazing substance in nature. This statement is based on its inherent physical, chemical and unique properties, which ensure the exceptional position it occupies in the biosphere.
Scientists, as a result of numerous scientific experiments, have proven that water plays a leading role in the evolution of geological processes and the origin of life on the planet. A huge amount of water in a bound state is present in the bowels of the Earth, in particular in some minerals and rocks. Its main reserves are concentrated in the mantle of the earth's crust - about 15 billion km3.
Water found in a free state in the liquid media of our body - blood, lymph, digestive juices and intercellular space. In tissues it is present in a bound form, therefore, if the organ is damaged or dissected, it is not excreted. Water is the main medium of the human body in which all types of metabolism take place and enzymatic biochemical reactions take place.
Water(hydrogen oxide, H2O) is a compound of hydrogen and oxygen that is stable under normal conditions. This liquid has no color, no smell, no taste. It has a bluish color only in thick layers, for example in oceans and seas. The molecular weight of water (18.016 amu) is distributed as follows: hydrogen - 11.9%, oxygen - 88.81%.
Properties of water determined by the features of its structure. Water molecule has 3 cores making up an isosceles triangle. At its base are hydrogen protons, and at the top is an oxygen atom.
The electrons in a water molecule are arranged in such a way that they form 2 paired poles of opposite charges: hydrogen atoms create 2 positive poles, and oxygen atoms create 2 negative poles.
The high polarity of the water molecule allows oxygen atoms to attract hydrogen atoms of neighboring molecules and form 4 hydrogen bonds, which is clearly visible in ice crystals. The structure of the latter has a hexagonal lattice, in which there are many voids. When ice melts, neighboring H2O molecules fill the voids, resulting in an increase in density. Further heating increases the movement of molecules. The voids expand and the density decreases.
Water In nature, it exists in liquid, solid (ice) and gaseous (steam) states. When transitioning from solid to liquid, the density of the water molecule, contrary to the expected effect, increases rather than decreases. Maximum density of water reaches at 4℃, when the weight of a unit volume of water exceeds the same value at 0℃. With further heating, the density of water decreases. If the temperature drops, the water slowly sinks to the bottom, and ice forms on its surface. Since its density is lower, it rises, but there is always water below its bottom line.
Another unique property of water is its high heat capacity. It has the highest heat capacity of all liquids. This explains the slow cooling of water during autumn and prolonged heating in spring. This property of water is associated with another of its functions - temperature regulation on the planet.
Scientists have found that heat capacity of water decreases when heated from 0 to 37℃, and then this parameter, on the contrary, increases. Therefore, the most optimal temperature at which water quickly heats up and cools down is 37℃, which is almost the normal human body temperature. There is no explanation for this fact yet, but the connection with the thermoregulation of the human body is obvious. It is assumed that this is the protective function of water, which is aimed at eliminating the effects of high temperature.
Depending on the origin, molecular composition or application characteristics, basic and special types of water are distinguished. The first includes underground and waste water, melt water, fresh water, sea water, mineral water, heavy water, light water, distilled water, rain water, etc. And special types of water are surrounded by an aura of mystery and are determined by the presence of any unique properties. We are talking about holy and structured, living and dead water.
Four elements of nature, four elements gave birth to life on Earth - fire, air, earth and water. Moreover, water appeared on our planet several million years earlier than the same soil or air.
It would seem that water has already been studied by man, but scientists are still finding the most amazing facts about this natural element.
Water stands apart in the history of our planet.
There is no natural body that could
compare with it in terms of influence on the course of the main
the most ambitious geological processes.
IN AND. Vernadsky
Water is the most abundant inorganic compound on earth. And the first exceptional property of water is that it consists of compounds of hydrogen and oxygen atoms. It would seem that such a compound, according to chemical laws, should be gaseous. And water is liquid!
For example, everyone knows that water exists in nature in three states: solid, liquid and vapor. But now there are more than 20 states of water, of which only 14 are water in a frozen state.
Surprisingly, water is the only substance on Earth whose density in the solid state is less than in the liquid state. This is why ice does not sink and water bodies do not freeze to the very bottom. Except at extremely cold temperatures.
Another fact: water is a universal solvent. Based on the quantity and quality of elements and minerals dissolved in water, scientists distinguish approximately 1,330 types of water: mineral and melt water, rain and dew, glacial and artesian...
Water in nature
In nature, water plays a vital role. At the same time, it turns out to be involved in a variety of mechanisms and life cycles on earth. Here are just a few facts that clearly demonstrate its importance for our planet:
- The importance of the water cycle in nature is simply enormous. It is this process that allows animals and plants to receive the moisture so necessary for their life and existence.
- Seas and oceans, rivers and lakes - all bodies of water play a vital role in creating the climate of a particular area. And the high heat capacity of water ensures a comfortable temperature regime on our planet.
- Water plays a key role in the process of photosynthesis. Without water, plants would not be able to convert carbon dioxide into oxygen, which means the air would be unsuitable for breathing.
Water in human life
The main consumer of water on Earth is man. It is no coincidence that all world civilizations were formed and developed exclusively near bodies of water. The importance of water in human life is simply enormous.
- The human body also consists of water. In the body of a newborn - up to 75% water, in the body of an elderly person - more than 50%. It is known that without water a person cannot survive. So, when at least 2% of water disappears from our body, painful thirst begins. If more than 12% of water is lost, a person will no longer recover without the help of doctors. And having lost 20% of water from the body, a person dies.
- Water is an extremely important source of nutrition for humans. According to statistics, a person normally consumes 60 liters of water per month (2 liters per day).
- It is water that delivers oxygen and nutrients to every cell of our body.
- Thanks to the presence of water, our body can regulate body temperature.
- Water also allows you to convert food into energy and helps cells absorb nutrients. Water also removes toxins and waste from our body.
- People everywhere use water for their needs: for food, in agriculture, for various production, for generating electricity. It is not surprising that the struggle for water resources is serious. Here are just a few facts:
More than 70% of our planet is covered with water. But at the same time, only 3% of all water can be classified as drinking water. And access to this resource becomes more and more difficult every year. Thus, according to RIA Novosti, over the past 50 years, more than 500 conflicts related to the struggle for water resources have occurred on our planet. Of these, more than 20 conflicts escalated into armed clashes. This is just one of the numbers that clearly demonstrates how important the role of water is in human life.
Water pollution
Water pollution is the process of saturating water bodies with harmful substances, industrial waste and household waste, as a result of which water loses most of its functions and becomes unsuitable for further consumption.
Main sources of pollution:
- Oil refineries
- Heavy metals
- Radioactive elements
- Pesticide
- Effluent from city sewers and livestock farms.
Scientists have long been sounding the alarm that the world's oceans annually receive over 13 million tons of waste oil products. At the same time, the Pacific Ocean receives up to 9 million tons, and the Atlantic - more than 30 million tons.
According to the World Health Organization, there are no longer any sources on our planet that contain pure natural water. There are only bodies of water that are less polluted than others. And this threatens the catastrophe of our civilization, since humanity simply cannot survive without water. And there is nothing to replace it with.
The most familiar and most incredible substance on Earth is water. The importance of water cannot be overestimated in the life of all living things on the planet; it is present in every moment of our existence. Being the predominant element in the composition of any organism, water also controls its life activity.
Water in nature
Throughout its existence, humanity has been trying to unravel the mystery of this amazing and contradictory element. How did it arise, how did it get to our planet? Probably no one will be able to answer this question, but everyone knows that the importance of water in nature and human life is unimaginably great. One thing is absolutely true - today there are as many water reserves on Earth as there were at the birth of the universe.
The unique properties of water to contract when heated and expand when frozen is another reason to be surprised. No other substance has similar properties. And its ability to move from one state to another, so familiar and at the same time amazing, playing an exceptional role, makes it possible for all living organisms to exist on Earth. The Higher Mind has assigned water the main role in maintaining life and participating in constantly occurring natural processes.
The water cycle
This process is called the hydrological cycle, which is a continuous circulation of water from the hydrosphere and the surface of the earth into the atmosphere, and then back. There are four processes involved in the cycle:
- evaporation;
- condensation;
- precipitation;
- water flow
Once on the ground, part of the precipitation evaporates and condenses, another part, thanks to runoff, fills reservoirs, and the third turns into going underground. So, constantly moving, feeding waterways, plants and animals and preserving its own reserves, water wanders, protecting the Earth. The importance of water is obvious and indisputable.
The mechanism of the cycle and its types
In nature there is a large cycle (the so-called global cycle), as well as two small ones - continental and oceanic. Precipitation collected over the oceans is carried by winds and falls on the continents, and then returns to the ocean with runoff. The process where ocean water continuously evaporates, condenses and falls back into the ocean is called the small ocean gyre. And all similar processes occurring over land are combined into a small continental cycle, in which water is the main character. Its importance in the natural processes of continuous circulation that maintains the Earth’s water balance and ensures the existence of living organisms is indisputable.
Water and man
Having no nutritional value in the usual sense, water is the main component of any living organism, including humans. No one can exist without water. Two-thirds of any organism is water. The importance of water is extremely important for the proper functioning of all systems and organs.
Throughout life, a person comes into contact with water every day, using it for drinking and food, hygiene procedures, recreation and heating. Not found on Earth
a more valuable natural material, as vital and irreplaceable as water. Going without food for quite long periods of time, a person will not live without water for even 8 days, since within 8% of body weight a person begins to faint, 10% causes hallucinations, and 20% inevitably causes death.
Why is water so important for humans? It turns out that water regulates all basic life processes:
- normalizes oxygen humidity, increasing its absorption;
- carries out thermoregulation of the body;
- dissolves nutrients, helping the body absorb them;
- moisturizes and creates protection for vital organs;
- forms a protective lubricant for joints;
- improves metabolic processes in the functioning of body systems;
- promotes the evacuation of waste from the body.
How to stay hydrated
On average, a person loses 2-3 liters of water per day. In more extreme conditions, such as heat, high humidity and physical activity, water loss increases. To maintain the normal physiological water balance of the body, it is necessary to balance the intake of water with its removal through proper
Let's do some calculations. Considering that a person’s daily need for water is 30-40 grams per 1 kg of body weight and about 40% of the total need comes from food, the rest should be taken in the form of drinks. In summer, daily water consumption corresponds to 2-2.5 liters. The hot regions of the planet dictate their requirements - 3.5-5.0 liters, and in extremely hot conditions up to 6.0-6.5 liters of water. The body must not be dehydrated. Alarming symptoms of this problem are dry skin accompanied by itching, fatigue, a sharp decrease in concentration, blood pressure, headaches and general malaise.
Beneficial effect
It is interesting that, by being directly involved in metabolic processes, water promotes weight loss. There is a common misconception that people who want to lose weight need to drink less water, since the body retains water, causes significant harm. You cannot drive your body into even greater stress by knocking it out of its usual water exchange. In addition, moisture, being a natural diuretic, tones the kidneys, causing weight loss.
By receiving the optimal amount of water, a person gains strength, energy and endurance. It is easier for him to control his weight, since even the psychological inconvenience of forced changes when reducing his usual diet is easier to bear. Scientific research has proven that daily consumption of sufficient amounts of clean water helps fight serious illnesses - helps relieve back pain, migraines, reduce blood sugar and cholesterol levels and blood pressure. In addition, by toning the kidneys, water inhibits the formation of stones. It has been proven that people with a creative streak tend to drink a lot, and great artists were pushed to create masterpieces. The importance of water, it turns out, is also important in art.
Plant water exchange
Just like humans, any plant needs water. In different plants it makes up from 70 to 95% of the mass, controlling all ongoing processes. Metabolism in a plant is possible only with a large amount of moisture, so the importance of water for plants is undoubtedly great. By dissolving minerals in the soil, water delivers them to the plant, ensuring their continuous flow. Without water, seeds will not germinate, and the process of photosynthesis will not occur in green leaves. Filling water ensures its viability and preservation of a certain shape.
The most important condition for the life support of a plant organism is the ability to absorb water from the outside. The plant, receiving water mainly from the soil with the help of its roots, delivers it to the above-ground parts of the plant, where the leaves evaporate it. Such water exchange exists in every organic system - water, entering it, evaporates or is released, and then again, enriched with useful substances, enters the body.
Another amazing way water penetrates living cells is its osmotic absorption, i.e. the ability of water to accumulate from outside into cellular solutions, increasing the volume of fluid in the cell.
The art of water consumption
Constant consumption of clean water significantly improves the mental activity of the brain and coordination of movement, and therefore, the importance of water for the life of brain cells is especially valuable. Therefore, a healthy person should not limit himself to drinking, but some rules should be followed:
- drink little but often;
- You should not drink a lot of water at once, as an excess of fluid in the blood will put unnecessary stress on the heart and kidneys.
So, the importance of water for living organisms is enormous. Therefore, creating conditions for maintaining one’s own water balance is necessary for every person.