Message about the astronaut Kaleri. © State Corporation for Space Activities "Roscosmos"

Test cosmonaut of the cosmonaut corps of the State Design Bureau RSC Energia, 73rd cosmonaut of the USSR/Russia. The 265th cosmonaut in the world.

Alexander Kaleri born on May 13, 1956 in Jurmala, Latvian SSR, USSR. Russian.

There in Jurmala, in 1973, he graduated from the fifth city secondary school and in the same year became a student at the Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (Dolgoprudny, Moscow region) - June 30, 1979. Alexander He graduated with a degree in Flight Dynamics and Aircraft Control and was assigned to the Head Design Bureau of NPO Energia (now Rocket and Space Corporation Energia) as an engineer. At the same time, he entered the correspondence graduate school at Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, which he graduated in 1983.

As a highly qualified programmer, he participated in the study of loads in the Astra-2 experiment on the Salyut-7 OS, as well as one of the modifications of the Soyuz T spacecraft and the Mir OS module, created on the basis of the same ship. Then he worked on the Energia launch vehicle, for which he studied the behavior of the first stages (block “A”) during the period from separation to parachute.

Having not worked at the enterprise for even three years, Alexander submitted an application to join the cosmonaut corps. He was allowed to undergo a medical examination. In June 1982, he received a positive conclusion from the Medical Expert Commission of the IBMP, and in December of the same year, by decision of the Main Medical Commission, he was admitted to special training. Together with him, MMC Sergei Emelyanov, Alexander Poleshchuk and Alexander Khaustov.

But going through medical care was not enough. Another year and a half passed before Kaleri were enrolled in the cosmonaut corps of the State Design Bureau NPO Energia for the position of candidate test cosmonaut. This only happened on April 13, 1984.

From November 1985 to October 1986 Kaleri He underwent general space training at the Center for Training and Training and, by decision of the Interdepartmental Commission, was awarded the qualification “test cosmonaut”. On February 11, 1987, he was appointed to the corresponding position in the cosmonaut corps.

In April 1987 Alexander Kaleri began preparations for a flight to the Mir space station under the EO-Z program, although for now as a flight engineer of the third (reserve) crew, together with Vladimir Lyakhov. In May, the flight engineer of the second EO-Z crew, Sergei Emelyanov, was suspended for health reasons, and Kaleri transferred to crew from Alexander Volkov and Alexander Shchukin on December 21, 1987, he was a backup to the flight engineer of the Soyuz TM-4 spacecraft M.Kh. Manarov

From January to March 22, 1988 Kaleri underwent training as a flight engineer of the first crew under the program of the 4th main expedition to the Mir space station and the Soviet-French program together with A.A. Volkov but was temporarily removed from training for health reasons. His place in the crew was taken by S.K. Krikalev.

It took more than a year to restore health and rehabilitation. At that time Kaleri worked at KB.

In October 1989, by decision of the MMC, he was again allowed to train.

On April 30, 1990, the Interdepartmental Commission included him in the reserve crew and from May to November he prepared for a flight to the Mir space station under the program of the eighth main expedition and again together with A. Volkov.

From January to April 1991 Alexander Kaleri was already trained as a flight engineer of the second crew under the Soviet-British program and the program of the 9th main expedition to the Mir space station together with A.A. Volkov and T. Mace (Great Britain).

From May to July 1991 Kaleri underwent training already in the main crew under the Soviet-Austrian program and under the EO-10 program together with A.A. Volkov and F. Fiebeck (Austria). But Alexandru no luck again.

On July 10, 1991, due to a change in the flight program and the merger of the Austrian and Kazakh programs, he was replaced in the crew by Kazakh T. Aubakirov.

This was the fifth preparation Alexandra Kaleri With Alexander Volkov, but they never flew into space together. But the work of an astronaut consists mainly not of space flights, but of preparations for them. That's why Kaleri There was nothing left to do but start preparing again.

In October 1991, he began training as a member of the first crew under the Russian-German program and under the program of the 11th main expedition to the Mir space station together with A.S. Viktorenko and K.-D. Flade (Germany). Union with Alexander Viktorenko turned out to be more successful. They still launched into space.

1st space flight Alexander Kaleri performed from March 17 to August 10, 1992 on the Soyuz TM-14 spacecraft and the Mir spacecraft as a flight engineer of the 11th main expedition together with A.S. Viktorenko. He also worked on the Russian-German program together with K-D. Flade and on the Russian-French program together with A.Ya. Solovyov, S.V. Avdeev and M. Tonini (France). Performed a spacewalk lasting 2 hours 03 minutes. Flight duration: 145 days 14 hours 10 minutes 32 seconds. Call sign: "Vityaz-2"

After the required vacation Alexander Kaleri returned to work at the design bureau, awaiting a new assignment for training. But in 1993, during an annual medical examination, doctors again had complaints about his health, and he was not included in the training program.

1994 was the year for Kaleri happy. This year the doctors were defeated again; in March he became deputy head of the department (cosmonaut corps) of the RSC Energia State Design Bureau, and in April he was again placed in the flight program as a flight engineer for the second crew under the EO-22 program (then planned for May 1996) and the first crew of EO-24.

During the period between flights, squad comrades provided Alexandru special trust. He was the confidant of the cosmonauts of several crews when concluding contracts for pope and defended their interests before the administration.

In October 1995 A. Kaleri began training in the second crew for the flight under the E0-22/NASA-3/"Kaccuopeya" program together with Valery Korzun, Jerry Linenger (NASA USA) and Leopold Eyartz (CNES France).

Fate compensated Alexandru two suspensions from training and he went on his second space flight a year ahead of schedule.

Alexander Kaleri has the honorary title "Hero of the Russian Federation". He was awarded the Gold Star medal of the Hero of Russia. Alexander Kaleri became the first person to be awarded the honorary title “Pilot-Cosmonaut of the Russian Federation.” However, based on the fact that Russia is recognized as the legal successor of the USSR, we cannot, as is done in some publications, consider him the first cosmonaut of Russia. The first cosmonaut of the USSR and Russia was and remains Yuri Alekseevich Gagarin. A. Kaleri has the qualification "Test Cosmonaut 3rd class". In November 1991, he was awarded the qualification "Best Specialist".

During preparation for flights A. Kaleri mastered piloting the L-39 aircraft and flew more than 22 hours.

He has the military rank of "senior lieutenant reserve."

Kaleri enjoys trampoline jumping (and has a 2nd category in this sport), as well as running, reading, and growing flowers.

Alexander Kaleri married to Svetlana Leonidovna, nee Nosova. In 1996, his son Oleg was born.

Father Alexandra. Yuri Borisovich, was a street lighting electrician in Jurmala, died in 1993. Mother Antonina Petrovna, a former epidemiologist at the Jurmala SES, is now retired and lives in Sevastopol. U Alexandra there is also a brother Evgeniy and a sister Natalia.

In 1973 he graduated from 10 classes of Russian secondary school No. 5 in Jaundubulti (Jurmala region). In 1979 he graduated from the Faculty of Aerophysics and Space Research of the Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology with a degree in Flight Dynamics and Aircraft Control. In 1983, he completed his postgraduate studies in absentia at the Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology with a degree in Mechanics of Liquids, Gases and Plasmas.

Professional activity

Since September 19, 1979, he worked as an engineer of the 016th department of the State Design Bureau of NPO Energia. Participated in the development of design and technical documentation, full-scale tests of the Mir OK. He was involved in the study of loads in the Astra-2 experiment on the Salyut-7 OS, as well as one of the modifications of the Soyuz T spacecraft and a module for the Mir spacecraft, created on the basis of the same spacecraft.

Highly qualified programmer.
Military rank: Senior reserve lieutenant (since 06/27/1983).

Space training

In mid-April 1982, he began to undergo an inpatient medical examination at the Institute of Medical and Biological Problems (IMBP) as part of the next intake (7th intake) into the cosmonaut corps of NPO Energia, and in June 1982 received a positive conclusion from the Medical Expert Commission ( VEC). On December 3, 1982, he received access to special training. At the beginning of 1984, he was selected for the cosmonaut corps based on the results of internal exams at NPO Energia and by the decision of the State Interdepartmental Commission (SMIC) dated February 15, 1984, he was recommended for enrollment as a candidate for the cosmonaut corps at NPO Energia. On April 13, 1984, by order No. 858, he was appointed to the position of candidate test cosmonaut of the 291st department of NPO Energia. From November 1985 to October 1986, he underwent general space training (GST) at the Cosmonaut Training Center named after. Yu. A. Gagarin. On November 28, 1986, by decision of the Interdepartmental Qualification Commission (IQC), he was awarded the qualification of a test cosmonaut. On February 11, 1987, he was appointed to the position of test cosmonaut of the 291st department of NPO Energia.

In 1987-1992 he trained in a group for the Mir flight program.

In April - May 1987, he was trained as a flight engineer of the third (reserve) crew of the Soyuz TM-4 spacecraft under the program of the third main expedition (EO-3) to the Mir space station, together with V. Lyakhov. In May 1987, he replaced S. Emelyanov in the backup crew of the Soyuz TM-4 spacecraft and from May to December 1987 was trained as a flight engineer of the backup crew together with A. Volkov and A. Shchukin. During the launch of the Soyuz TM-4 spacecraft on December 21, 1987, he was the ship's backup flight engineer.

Since January 1988, he was trained as a flight engineer for the main crew of the Soyuz TM-7 spacecraft under the program of the fourth main expedition (EO-4) to the Mir space station and the Soviet-French Aragats program, together with A. Volkov and Jean- Lou Chretien (France). On March 22, 1988, he was removed from training for health reasons and replaced by S. Krikalev. Re-admitted to preparation by decision of the MMC of October 6, 1989.

In May - November 1990, he was trained as a flight engineer of the reserve (third) crew of the Soyuz TM-11 spacecraft under the EO-8 program at the Mir space station, together with A. Volkov.

In January - April 1991, he was trained as a flight engineer for the backup crew of the Soyuz TM-12 spacecraft under the EO-9 program at the Mir space station and the Soviet-English Juno program, together with A. Volkov and Timothy Mace (Great Britain). During the launch of the Soyuz TM-12 spacecraft on May 18, 1991, he was the ship's backup flight engineer.

Since May 1991, he was trained as a flight engineer for the main crew of the Soyuz TM-13 spacecraft under the EO-10 program at the Mir space station and the Soviet-Austrian Austromir program, together with A. Volkov and F. Viebeck (Austria). On July 10, 1991, in connection with the decision of the State Commission to combine flights under the Austrian and Kazakh programs, he was removed from the crew and replaced by T. Aubakirov.

From October 1991 to February 1992, he was trained as a flight engineer for the main crew of the Soyuz TM-14 spacecraft under the EO-11 program of the Mir OK and the Russian-German Mir-92 program, together with A. Viktorenko and K.-D. Flade (Germany).

Alexander Yurievich Kaleri
Alexander Kaleri
Occupation:	Russian cosmonaut.
Date of Birth:
Place of Birth:	Jurmala
Citizenship:	USSR, Russian Federation

Alexander Yurievich Kaleri- Russian cosmonaut.

Biography

Born on May 13, 1956 in Jurmala. In 1973 he graduated from school, and in 1979 from the Faculty of Aerophysics and Space Research of the Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology with a degree in Flight Dynamics and Aircraft Control. In 1983, he received a postgraduate diploma in absentia in the specialty “Mechanics of Gas and Plasma Liquids” at the same MIPT.

Cosmonautics

Since September 19, 1979, he has been working as an engineer of the 16th department of the State Design Bureau of NPO Energia, and within the framework of this department he participates in the development of design and technical documentation for the Mir station. He also conducted research on the external atmosphere at the Salyut-7 orbital station and modifications of the Soyuz T spacecraft. He has the military rank of senior lieutenant in the reserve and is a programmer.

In 1982, he began undergoing examinations for recruitment into cosmonauts. And in 1984, he was selected into the detachment and recommended for enrollment as a candidate for the cosmonaut corps, and was subsequently approved.

From 1985 to 1986, he underwent training at the cosmonaut training center, and on November 28, 1986, he qualified as a test cosmonaut. On February 11, 1987, he was appointed to the position of test cosmonaut.

From 1987 to 1992 he underwent flight training. First he trained as a flight engineer on the third expedition, then replaced the backup crew. On December 21, 1987, during the launch of the Soyuz, he was a backup flight engineer.

Since 1988, he has been training again as a flight engineer, this time for the fourth expedition, but in March he was removed for health reasons. After receiving treatment, he returned to training in October 1989.

In 1991, he again underwent training as a flight engineer and at the launch of the ship in May he doubled as a flight engineer on the main team. After this, he again underwent another training, but in May 1991 he was removed from his post and replaced. But in October 1991 he returned to preparations. In March 1994, he replaced the head of department 291 of NPO Energia. And starting next year, he will again undergo training as a flight engineer.

In 1997-1998, he again prepared for flights, and during the launch he doubled as the ship’s flight engineer.

In 1999-2000 he was also a backup flight engineer, and already in 2001 he was appointed commander of the ship.

In 2002, he again planned to train as a flight engineer, but after the Columbia shuttle crash in the United States, he was appointed to the main team.

In 2005, he was included in the mixed group of astronauts as a flight engineer.

In 2006 he was the commander of the backup crew, and in 2010 the commander of the main crew.

On October 30, 2006, he was appointed head of the Lena service of NPO Energia. He retained the position of test cosmonaut instructor, but was removed from the post of deputy commander.

Flying

Made 5 flights with a total duration of 769 days. Performed 5 spacewalks with a total duration of 25 hours and 46 minutes.

The first flight took place from March 17 to August 10, 1992. During it, he went into outer space once for 2 hours and 3 minutes.

The second flight took place on August 17, 1996-March 2, 1997. Worked as an engineer, performed 2 spacewalks with a total duration of 12 hours 36 minutes.

The third flight was made from April 4 to June 16, 200 as a flight engineer, this was the last flight to the Mir station, during which he made one spacewalk lasting 5 hours 3 minutes.

He made his fourth flight from October 18, 2003 to April 30, 2004 as commander, during which he made one spacewalk lasting 3 hours and 55 minutes.

Family and interesting facts

Alexander's father worked as an electrician, his mother as an epidemiologist. Alexander's wife Svetlana is a landscaping engineer and has a son, Oleg. He has 22 hours of flight time on a training aircraft and has made 14 parachute jumps. He has a 2nd category in trampolining. He is co-author of the book “Observing the Earth from Space.”

Achievements

Hero of the Russian Federation
has the Order of Merit for the Fatherland
Order of Friendship
NASA Space Flight and Public Service Medals
Legion of Honor
Russian pilot-cosmonaut
Cosmonaut 1st, 2nd and 3rd classes

KALERI Alexander Yurievich

Hero of the Russian Federation, Pilot-Cosmonaut of the Russian Federation

ORDER NUMBER: 73/265
NUMBER OF FLIGHTS: 5

FLIGHT TIME: 769 days. 06 o'clock 35 min. 18 sec.

SPACE WAYS: 5

TOTAL DURATION: 23 hours. 38 min.

DATE AND PLACE OF BIRTH:

EDUCATION:

in 1973 - graduated from secondary school No. 5 in Jurmala,

from 1973 to 1979 - studied at the Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (MIPT), majoring in Flight Dynamics and Control,

in 1983 - graduated from the MIPT graduate school in absentia with a degree in Mechanics of Liquids, Gases and Plasmas.

ACTIVITIES BEFORE ENROLLMENT IN THE COSMONAUT CROSS:

from September 1979 to April 1984 - worked at NPO Energia named after S.P. The Queen as an engineer. He was engaged in the study of aerodynamic loads. Participant of the Astra experiment at the long-term orbital station Salyut-7. He studied the behavior of the first stages of the Energia launch vehicle during the separation period before the parachute stage. Participated in the development of design and technical documentation for the Mir orbital station.

DATE OF ARRIVAL IN THE UNIT (RECIRCUIT NO., DATE):

in February 1984 - by decision of the State Interdepartmental Commission he was selected into the cosmonaut corps of NPO Energia,

April 13, 1984 - appointed to the position of candidate test cosmonaut of the cosmonaut corps of NPO Energia,

in the period from November 1985 to October 1986 - completed a general space training course at the Yu.A. Gagarin and was awarded the qualification “test cosmonaut”.

GREATNESS:

1st class test cosmonaut instructor. Has 22 hours of flight time on the L-39 training aircraft. Performed 14 parachute jumps.

PREPARATION FOR SPACE FLIGHTS:

from April 1987 to May 1991 - trained for space flight as a flight engineer and backed up the crews of the Soyuz TM spacecraft under the EO-3, EO-8, EO-9 programs at the Mir Orbital Center.

from May to July 1991 - trained as a flight engineer for the main crew of the Soyuz TM-13 spacecraft under the EO-10/Austromir program at the Mir space station.

from October 1991 to March 1992 - trained for a space flight as a flight engineer of the main crew of the Soyuz TM-14 spacecraft under the EO-11/Mir-92 program at the Mir space station.

from September 1995 to August 1996 - trained as a flight engineer for the backup crew of the Soyuz TM-24 TPK under the EO-22/NASA-3 program at the Mir space station. A few days before the launch, by decision of the State Commission, A. Kaleri was appointed to the main crew of the Soyuz TM-24 TPK.

from December 1997 to July 1998 - trained under the EO-26 program at Mir as a backup crew flight engineer.

from March 1999 to March 2000 - Alexander Kaleri was trained as a flight engineer for the main crew of EO-28 at Mir.

from January 2001 to May 2002 - trained for space flight as commander of the ISS-5 backup crew.

in the period from September 2002 to February 2003 - prepared for a space flight as a flight engineer of the ISS-7 prime crew for launch on the Shuttle.

in the period from February to April 2003 - prepared for a space flight as part of the backup crew of the ISS-7 as the commander of the Soyuz TMA TPK and the ISS flight engineer.

from June to October 2003 - trained for space flight in the main crew of ISS-8 as commander of the Soyuz TMA-3 spacecraft and ISS flight engineer.

since June 1, 2009 - undergoing training for a space flight as part of the main crew of ISS-25/26 as the commander of the Soyuz TMA-M spacecraft and the ISS flight engineer.

PERFECT SPACE FLIGHTS:

1 flight - from March 17 to August 10, 1992 as a flight engineer of the Soyuz TM-14 spacecraft and a flight engineer of the Mir orbital complex under the 11th main expedition program, the Russian-German Mir-92 program and the Russian-French Antares program " Performed one spacewalk lasting 2 hours 03 minutes.

Flight duration: 145 days. 2 p.m. 10 min.

2nd flight - from August 17, 1996 to March 2, 1997 on the Soyuz TM-24 and Mir spacecraft as a flight engineer under the 22nd main expedition program, the Russian-American program Mir 22/NASA-3 and Russian-French program "Cassiopeia". Performed two spacewalks with a total duration of 12 hours and 36 minutes. Flight duration: 196 days. 17 hours 26 minutes

3rd flight - from April 3 to June 16, 2000 on the Soyuz TM-30 spacecraft and Mir as a flight engineer under the program of the 28th main expedition. During the “Plasma Crystal-2” experiments, the crew for the first time in the world obtained stable ordered spatial structures under zero-gravity conditions. Flight EO-28 was the final flight to the Mir orbital station. During the flight, he performed one spacewalk lasting 5 hours 03 minutes. Flight duration: 72 days. 7 p.m. 42 min.

4th flight - from October 18, 2003 to April 30, 2004 as part of the crew of the 8th long-term expedition to the ISS as the commander of the Soyuz TMA-3 TPK and the ISS flight engineer. Performed one spacewalk lasting 3 hours 56 minutes.

Flight duration: 194 days. 6 p.m. 33 min.

5th flight - from October 8, 2010 to March 16, 2011 as commander of the Soyuz TMA-M spacecraft and flight engineer of the 25th and 26th main expeditions to the ISS together with O. Skripochka and S. Kelly. Flight duration: 159 days. 08 o'clock 43 min. Call sign: "Ingul".

medal "Golden Star" of the Hero of the Russian Federation (1992),

Order "For Merit to the Fatherland" II, III and IV degrees,

order of friendship,

Order of the Legion of Honor (France),

medal of the Cosmonautics Federation of the Russian Federation,

NASA medals “For Space Flight”, “For Public Merit”.

CURRENT STATUS:

from October 30, 2006 - Head of the Flight Service of RSC Energia, retaining the position of 1st class test cosmonaut instructor.

Alexander Yurievich Kaleri(born May 13, 1956, Jurmala, Latvian SSR, USSR) - Russian cosmonaut, made 5 flights with a total duration of 769 days. On October 8, 2010 at 03 hours 10 minutes 55 seconds Moscow time (October 7 at 23.10.55 GMT) he set off on his fifth flight on the ship of the new Soyuz TMA-M series.

Education and scientific titles

Professional activity

Since September 19, 1979, he worked as an engineer of the 016th department of the State Design Bureau of NPO Energia. Participated in the development of design and technical documentation, full-scale tests of the Mir OK. He was involved in the study of his own external atmosphere in the Astra experiment on the Salyut-7 OS, as well as one of the modifications of the Soyuz T spacecraft and a module for the Mir spacecraft, created on the basis of the same ship.

Highly qualified programmer.
Military rank: Senior reserve lieutenant (since 06/27/1983).

Space training

In mid-April 1982, he began to undergo an inpatient medical examination at the Institute of Medical and Biological Problems (IMBP) as part of the next intake (7th intake) into the cosmonaut corps of NPO Energia and in June 1982 received a positive conclusion from the Medical Expert Commission (MEC). ). On December 3, 1982, he received access to special training. At the beginning of 1984, he was selected for the cosmonaut corps based on the results of internal exams at NPO Energia and by the decision of the State Interdepartmental Commission (SMIC) dated February 15, 1984, he was recommended for enrollment as a candidate for the cosmonaut corps at NPO Energia. On April 13, 1984, by order No. 858, he was appointed to the position of candidate test cosmonaut of the 291st department of NPO Energia. From November 1985 to October 1986, he underwent general space training (GST) at the Cosmonaut Training Center named after. Yu. A. Gagarin. On November 28, 1986, by decision of the Interdepartmental Qualification Commission (IQC), he was awarded the qualification of a test cosmonaut. On February 11, 1987, he was appointed to the position of test cosmonaut of the 291st department of NPO Energia.

In 1987-1992 he trained in a group for the Mir flight program.

In April - May 1987, he was trained as a flight engineer of the third (reserve) crew of the Soyuz TM-4 spacecraft under the program of the third main expedition (EO-3) to the Mir space station, together with V. Lyakhov. In May 1987, he replaced Sergei Emelyanov in the backup crew of the Soyuz TM-4 spacecraft and from May to December 1987 was trained as a flight engineer of the backup crew together with A. Volkov and A. Shchukin. During the launch of the Soyuz TM-4 spacecraft on December 21, 1987, he was the ship's backup flight engineer.

In May - November 1990, he was trained as a flight engineer of the reserve (third) crew of the Soyuz TM-11 spacecraft under the EO-8 program at the Mir space station, together with A. Volkov.