Drugs are very bad! But looking at these prints of young creatives, it becomes unclear what is going on in their bright heads... Or perhaps they are really familiar with the drug problem firsthand...
" I am watching you "
Glukhikh Irina
Head: Charandaeva L.V.
"Drug is a slow death!"
Glukhikh Irina
Izhevsk, school No. 54, 9th grade, 15 years old,
Head: Charandaeva L.V.
"Drugs share everything!"
Nizambieva Regina
"Think about the future!"
Evsenina Olesya
Izhevsk, school No. 54, 5th grade, 10 years old,
Head: Starovoitova E.L.
"Drug is crap"
Konovalov Maxim
Izhevsk, school No. 54, 5th grade, 10 years old,
Head: Starovoitova E.L.
"Result of Addiction"
Dudyreva Olya
Izhevsk, school No. 54, 5th grade, 10 years old,
Head: Starovoitova E.L.
"Say no to drugs!"
Muzafarova Zukhra
Izhevsk, school No. 54, 5th grade, 10 years old,
Head: Starovoitova E.L.
"Let's say no to drugs. The danger threatens humanity."
Potapov Sasha
Izhevsk, school No. 54, 9th grade, 15 years old,
Head: Charandaeva L.V.
"Results of Addiction"
Lebedev Egor
Izhevsk, school No. 54, 9th grade, 15 years old,
Head: Charandaeva L.V.
"Let's say no to drugs!"
Yulia Korepanova
Izhevsk, school No. 54, 9th grade, 15 years old,
Head: Charandaeva L.V.
"The Lifeless Mask of Addiction"
Sukhanova Alla
Izhevsk, school No. 54, 9th grade, 15 years old,
Head: Charandaeva L.V.
"Drug is Death in a Trap"
Sukhanova Alla
Izhevsk, school No. 54, 9th grade, 15 years old,
Head: Charandaeva L.V.
"Stop"
Lebedev Egor
Izhevsk, school No. 54, 9th grade, 15 years old,
Head: Charandaeva L.V.
"Don't Ruin Yourself"
Vlasova Olya
Izhevsk, school No. 54, 9th grade, 15 years old,
Head: Charandaeva L.V.
"Drug is degradation, dementia"
Makarova Tanya
Izhevsk, school No. 54, 9th grade, 15 years old,
Head: Charandaeva L.V.
"Substance Abuse Is Madness"
Merzlyakov Stas
Izhevsk, school No. 54, 9th grade, 15 years old,
Head: Charandaeva L.V.
"Another victim. Don't fall into the web of drug addiction."
Serebryakova Olya
Izhevsk, school No. 54, 9th grade, 15 years old,
Head: Charandaeva L.V.
"Reckoning"
Chirkov Ivan
Izhevsk, school No. 54, 9th grade, 15 years old,
Head: Charandaeva L.V.
Tell yourself no! "
Kharina Natasha
Izhevsk, school No. 68, 7th grade, 12 years old,
"Black Snow of Drugs"
Baskakov Zhenya
Izhevsk, d/s 105, 7 years old,
"He'll Never Be Big"
Novoselova Katya
Izhevsk, d/s 105, 7 years old,
"Mom, dad, help!"
Bushmeleva Kristina
Izhevsk, d/s 105, 7 years old,
" Make your choice! "
Shchekoturov Igor
Izhevsk, d/s 105, 7 years old,
"Look at the sun, and with the power of the sun, kill the monster within you"
Ziganshina Alsou
Izhevsk, d/s 105, 7 years old,
"Lullaby of Addict's Dreams"
Schwindt Katya
Izhevsk, d/s 105, 7 years old,
"Kids Against Drugs"
Russian Julia
"Evil Lurks Next to Good"
Derendyaeva Masha
Izhevsk, IPEC, 9th grade, 15 years old,
"I don't use it, it's the drug that uses me"
Derendyaeva Masha
Izhevsk, IPEC, 9th grade, 15 years old,
"I Executed Myself"
Derendyaeva Masha
Izhevsk, IPEC, 9th grade, 15 years old,
Kharin Dmitry
Izhevsk, TsEV, 5th grade, 10 years old,
Head: Ulyanova E.L.
Kuznetsov Egor
Lukin Kostya
Head: Ulyanova
Sharafutdinova Ksenia
Izhevsk, TsEV, 5th grade, 11 years old,
Head: Ulyanova E.L.
Ardashev Lenya
Izhevsk, TsEV, 5th grade, 11 years old,
Head: Ulyanova E.L.
Zamyatina Nastya
Izhevsk, school No. 19, 6th grade, 12 years old,
Ivanova Nastya
Izhevsk, TsEV, 8th grade, 14 years old,
Head: Ulyanova E.L.
" Drug free "
Yuferov Andrey
Izhevsk, school No. 52, 2nd grade, 9 years old,
" Once and forever "
Efremova Irina
Izhevsk, school No. 67, 9th grade, 15 years old,
" No Drugs! "
Beznosova Anya
Khokhryaki village, school No. 19, 7th grade, 12 years old,
"Help!"
Zakirova Nailya
Izhevsk, school No. 52, 5th grade, 10 years old,
"Help!"
Kuzmina Olga
Izhevsk, school No. 19, 5th grade, 10 years old,
"A last farewell for drugs..."
Lekomtsev Lesha
Izhevsk, school No. 19, 5th grade, 11 years old,
"Think about your health."
Valimina Zhanna
Izhevsk, school No. 69, 5th grade, 11 years old,
Kataev Lesha
Izhevsk, Center for Aesthetic Education, 6th grade, 11 years old,
Alekseeva Katya
Izhevsk, 3rd grade, 9 years old,
Head: Ulyanova E.L.
Katelnikov Sasha
"Kids Against Drugs"
Katelnikov Sasha
Uralsky village, Sarapulsky district.
"Kids Against Drugs"
Ivanov Philip
Sarapul,
"Say no to drugs. Drugs are death."
Zorin Sasha
Izhevsk, 6th grade, 11 years old,
"Kids Against Drugs"
Grigorieva Valya
With. Karakulino,
" No Drugs! "
Bogochev A.
village Izh Bobya, 3rd grade, 9 years old,
"Kids Against Drugs"
Zelenin Sasha
Izhevsk,
Gabdrakhmanov Marat
Izhevsk,
"Dope"
Chekareva Ekaterina
With. Selty, Selty secondary school, 3rd grade, 9 years old,
"Drugs are the enemy of man. Children are against drugs!"
Zhukova Nastya
With. Yukamenskoe, Yukamenskaya secondary school, 6th grade, 12 years old,
Andrey
15 years,
"This is what drugs lead to!"
Datsko Andrey
Glazov, 6th grade, 12 years old,
"Kids Against Drugs"
Shirobokova Albina
Alman village, Yak-Bodinsky district.
" No Drugs! "
Datsko Andrey
6th grade, 11 years old,
"Children, don't take drugs. You'll be infected for life."
Mikryukov V.
Glazov, 6th grade, 11 years old,
Datsko A.
6th grade, 12 years old, Seltinsky district.
"Drug is Death"
Chetkarev S.
village, 6th grade, 11 years old, Seltinsky district.
" No Drugs "
Kosykh Misha
Izhevsk, school No. 63, 3rd grade, 9 years old,
"Kids Against Drugs"
Perevoshchikov Sasha
Kondratyeva Olga
Uralsky village, school-college, Sarapul district.
"Drug - prohibited"
Mymrin Sasha
Uralsky village, school-college, 5th grade, 10 years old, Sarapul district.
Kondratyeva Olga
Sarapul. district of Uralsky settlement,
" Drug free "
Tuev Sergey
"WHY DID I DO THIS?"
Rusanov Andrey
Votkinsk, school No. 12, 5th grade, 10 years old,
"Drugs are dangerous!"
Melnikov Yura
Votkinsk, school No. 12, 5th grade, 10 years old,
"Kids Against Drugs"
Orekhov Ilya
Votkinsk, school No. 12, 5th grade, 10 years old,
"Kids Against Drugs"
Kustov Kirill
Votkinsk, school No. 12, 5th grade, 10 years old,
"Kids Against Drugs"
Abdalov Dima
Votkinsk, school No. 12, 5th grade, 10 years old,
"This Is the Heart of a Junkie"
Shirobokov Zhenya
Votkinsk, school No. 12, 5th grade, 10 years old,
Grigorieva Masha
Votkinsk, school No. 12, 5th grade, 10 years old,
Maltseva Zhenya
Votkinsk, school No. 12, 5th grade, 10 years old,
Kolbina Alla
Votkinsk, school No. 12, 5th grade, 10 years old,
Drug addiction - one of the manifestations of drug addiction, when in order to achieve a narcotic, i.e., stupefying, effect (it is not without reason that the word “dope” in jargon means a drug) drugs are used.
Drug use can be viewed from three aspects:
- medical - these drugs act on the central nervous system as hallucinogens, sedatives, and stimulants;
- social - the use of these means has broad social significance;
- legal - the drug is recognized as a narcotic and is included in the list of drugs by the relevant legal act (it should be remembered that some medications also belong to drugs: morphine, promedol, etc.).
Since ancient times, different peoples have had a tradition of using various narcotic substances during religious ceremonies and ritual ceremonies. Superstitions associated with the mysterious properties of narcotic plants left their mark on the mythology of almost all peoples of the Ancient World. The medical use of narcotic substances in ancient times was most often based on religious beliefs. Ancient doctors widely used narcotic substances as sleeping pills and painkillers for diseases of the digestive tract, central nervous system, etc. Currently, narcotic drugs are most often used as painkillers for cancer and diseases of the cardiovascular system.
The circulation of narcotic and psychotropic drugs on the territory of the Russian Federation is regulated by Federal Law. According to this Law, narcotic and psychotropic substances mean substances of synthetic or natural origin, drugs, plants included in a special list. The list is approved by the Government of the Russian Federation and includes four lists:
- narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, the circulation of which is prohibited in the Russian Federation (list 1);
- narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, the circulation of which in the Russian Federation is limited and controlled (list 2);
- psychotropic substances for which certain control measures may be excluded (list 3);
- precursors - substances from which those substances included in the first three lists (list 4) can be made.
Features of drug intoxication
The most common narcotic substances are heroin (refers to opiates, i.e. drugs made from poppy seeds), hemp preparations, LSD (a synthetic drug), etc. Drugs include morphine, omnopon, promedol.
Features of drug addiction compared to alcoholism and smoking are as follows:
- young people are more often affected, and therefore the medical and social consequences are more pronounced, especially the average life expectancy is reduced;
- drug addiction develops much faster;
- the risk of diseases such as HIV infection, viral hepatitis B and C increases sharply;
- personality degradation develops in a shorter period of time;
- health consequences are more severe and irreversible;
- withdrawal symptoms (“withdrawal”) are more severe.
The use of narcotic substances is attractive because a state similar to intoxication arises: a feeling of joy of being, a surge of strength, laughter, motor disinhibition. Euphoria is accompanied by a feeling of physical well-being and peace. Along with euphoria, unsteady gait, impaired speech, pale skin, shiny eyes, narrowing or dilation of the pupils may be observed. Drug intoxication usually lasts from 1 to 6 hours. As a rule, drug addicts are complacent and friendly to each other. But they can also be angry, aggressive, irritable, and sometimes drowsy, lethargic, and inactive. Gradually, outside of drug intoxication, the state of drug addicts becomes depressed, they are tormented by headaches, nausea, vomiting, chills, i.e., withdrawal syndrome develops. In 80% of cases, the cause of death of drug addicts is an overdose of narcotic drugs, which causes acute cardiovascular failure.
No less dangerous than drug addiction substance abuse - use for the purpose of narcotic effect or non-drug medications or household chemicals. The main danger of substance abuse is that children and adolescents are more susceptible to it, since the drugs used by substance abusers are more accessible. Any toxic substance can be recognized as a narcotic after the appropriate legal act, and then a patient from the group of substance abusers is automatically included in the group of drug addicts.
Causes of drug addiction and substance abuse
There are several reasons: psychological, social, economic (it is very difficult to distinguish between them).
Psychological ones include reducing tension and feelings of anxiety, escaping problems associated with reality, and curiosity. Social reasons include family dysfunction, the impact of the social environment, and neglect. Economic reasons - unemployment, inability to get an education, active activity of criminal structures in drug distribution. The spread of drug addiction is also facilitated by the myth that drug addiction is easily curable.
Consequences of drug addiction: reduction in average life expectancy by 20-25 years; liver diseases, central nervous system, early personality degradation; Parents who are drug addicts often give birth to children with congenital pathologies, non-viable children, etc.; drug addicts are a risk group for HIV infection (the infection is transmitted through repeatedly used syringes); increase in crime (antisocial behavior while under the influence of drugs or for the purpose of obtaining drugs); The most able-bodied and active part of the population—young people—is excluded from life.
Measures to combat drug addiction and substance abuse. The fight against drug addiction and substance abuse is very difficult due to the widespread use of drugs, which bring huge profits to criminal structures. Measures taken against drug addiction and substance abuse are not successful. Most often, efforts aimed at helping drug addicts are unsuccessful. It is easier to never try a drug than to get rid of your addiction to it. A particular danger in this regard threatens young people and the younger generation, since one of the conditions for the development of drug addiction is a lack of knowledge and lack of understanding of the enormous danger that drug use poses. Therefore, one of the most effective measures to combat drug addiction and prevent it is health education.
Another important area in the fight against drug addiction and its prevention is improving socio-economic conditions and raising living standards.
Particular attention should be paid to measures that help eliminate the myth that drug addiction can be quickly cured. The work of a teenage narcologist, a social work specialist, and teachers in the family is of great importance in the fight against drug addiction.
Youth and drugs
The spread of drug addiction among young people is an issue of particular importance for many reasons:
- even a single drug trial by a teenager under 15 years of age greatly increases the risk of drug abuse in the future;
- drug abuse in adolescence often becomes the cause of chemical dependence and, accordingly, the beginning of a lifelong struggle with it;
- drug abuse interferes with a young person’s personality development, emotional and social development, study and career;
- drug abuse alienates a young person from the rest of society;
- drug addiction can lead young people to theft, prostitution and other types of illegal and criminal activities;
- drugs in pre-adult bodies are metabolized differently than in adults and cause significantly more harm.
Quite often, the first drug use occurs at a young age. Teenagers want to feel like adults and want others to perceive them that way. Nowadays, drugs have “seeped” into the lower grades; Moreover, cases of drug addiction have been reported among schoolchildren aged 8-9 years. Children of this age have very little idea of the dangers posed by psychoactive drugs, and know little about how vulnerable their bodies are. Many remain disabled for life due to drug use. Among the factors that increase the likelihood of drug abuse, we note the following: family discord; presence of alcoholics or drug addicts in the family; indifferent or even favorable attitude of parents and relatives towards taking drugs; experience of physical, emotional or sexual abuse; the presence of drug addicts in a company that includes a teenager or young man; availability of drugs; feelings of fear, disappointment, loneliness; early manifested antisocial behavior at school, in college, especially aggressiveness.
Signs of drug addiction in schoolchildren and students. There are many signs by which attentive parents can guess that their children have started taking drugs. Unfortunately, adults either do not notice them at all, or, noticing negative changes in the behavior of their son or daughter, do not allow thoughts about drugs. But one, or even more so, several of the following symptoms should alert parents: decreased academic performance; frequent absenteeism from school; conflicts in an educational institution; reluctance to adhere to generally accepted rules of behavior in an educational institution and at home; alienation; emergence of a new company; narrowing the range of interests; constant need for money; secrecy; frequent absence from home.
What threatens the body of a drug addict? First of all, it should be noted that in recent years the symptoms of clinical manifestations of drug addiction and substance abuse have changed. This is primarily due to the expansion of the arsenal of toxicomaniacal intoxicants. Drug addiction is a business for dealers who do not care about the health of their clients. Hundreds of clandestine laboratories, where scientists work, striving for easy but criminal enrichment, discover and introduce new potent drugs that do not “let go” of the curious after two or three times of ingestion of these substances. Therefore, primary brain damage and complications are difficult to diagnose and initiate targeted treatment. There is no doubt that addiction to intoxicants does not develop suddenly and not out of the blue. For a very long time, a young person develops personal changes that manifest themselves in behavioral deviations and disorders.
As noted above, drug addiction has genetic causes, and is also caused by defects in upbringing, exposure to the microenvironment, and protest against the demands imposed on a young person in the family and school. In addition, one should mention personal defects, the desire to be “involved with one’s own”, choosing special jargon, lifestyle and behavior.
When first taken under the influence of “experienced leaders,” intoxicants are usually unpleasant and painful to the body. But later, substance abuse syndrome occurs - pathological attraction syndrome (drug dependence). At this stage, mental changes occur: the young man experiences euphoria or withdrawal, vegetative shifts, low mood, irritability. Parents should notice these changes earlier than teachers or the police and doctors, and seek help. When organic brain damage begins (dementia, epileptiform disorders, personality changes), drug addicts lose control over the dosage and, in a stupefied state, can lead themselves to fatal poisoning.
Changes in the nervous system occur early - in the first months of taking drugs. At this stage, headaches, sleep disturbances, and lability of pulse and blood pressure are observed. When using homemade or synthetic drugs, parkinsonism syndrome (trembling, muscle stiffness) is more common. Scientific reports published in the United States and other countries have described cases of parkinsonism in young heroin addicts.
The difficult period, especially with withdrawal syndrome, lasts 8-10 days and is characterized by a variety of symptoms - vomiting, diarrhea, aching pain, “withdrawal” - pain of a twisting nature in the joints and muscles, a feeling of fear, anxiety.
Somatic pathology in drug addiction also has its own characteristics. A drug addict is characterized by the whole “bouquet of diseases” - damage to the heart, blood vessels, lungs, gastrointestinal tract, blood systems, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). In 80% of cases, the cause of death of drug addicts is an overdose of drugs. The comatose state of a weakened body leads to shock and instant death of the drug addict.
It is well known that preventing a disease is easier than treating it. Therefore, programs aimed at preventing drug addiction among youth are a vital necessity.
Keeping young people safe from drug and drug abuse is no easy task. Many programs specifically designed for this purpose turned out to be ineffective, and some of them even led to the opposite result. In order to resist the pressure of “friends” who are drug addicts pushing a young man towards drugs, he must be internally convinced of the unacceptability of using drugs, even “just once.” Attempts to simply provide young people with information about psychoactive drugs and the risks associated with their use have had little success in addressing this difficult task, which requires the participation of society as a whole.
Drugs and society
Drug addiction is a problem that concerns not only the health of individual members of society suffering from this disease. Drug addiction is a problem for society as a whole. One way or another, it affects all its elements, first of all, requiring expenses for the treatment of drug addicts, for eliminating the consequences of all kinds of crimes committed by them while intoxicated, for the maintenance of judicial bodies, prisons and other institutions designed to combat drug trafficking. Therefore, society has the right to introduce strict control over the use of drugs.
One of the most important tasks of today is to reduce the level of drug addiction. Here they resort to extremely diverse measures: from the use of military force (when destroying plantations, for example, hemp and opium poppy) to the complete legalization of narcotic drugs (“soft” drugs, as in the Netherlands). Some experts believe it is necessary to limit the availability of drugs, others believe that it is important to reduce demand.
But limiting access to drugs has proven difficult, almost impossible. They are easy to obtain in any country, although it is quite common to hear reports of large quantities of drugs being confiscated. Since the drug business is transnational, control over the transport and distribution of narcotic drugs is very difficult, especially since drugs are an important element of the economy of many developing countries. The enormous income generated by the production and sale of drugs encourages many people to take risks associated with illegal activities.
Unfortunately, attempts to reduce the demand for drugs have also failed. Despite all the efforts of specially trained teachers and educators, people
continue to abuse drugs and alcohol. It should be recognized that effective ways to combat drug addiction and prevent it have not yet been developed.
Strategy and principles of preventing and ridding students of drug addiction
Drug Prevention Strategy provides for the creation of spiritual, moral, emotional, cognitive and physical well-being for each student. In this case, the decisive role is played by the factor of self-education, the effectiveness of which can increase by focusing on the following fundamental principles:
- awareness of the meaning of one's life;
- formulation of immediate and distant goals and attitudes that encourage active activity;
- active life position in achieving goals and vigorous activity;
- choosing a profession in accordance with your abilities;
- nurturing self-esteem, awareness of our own significance inherent in us by nature;
- healthy lifestyle.
Basic principles of recovery from drug addiction. There are many programs aimed at freeing people from drug addiction. Experts believe that the most effective of them are those that take into account the following factors:
- There are no hopeless cases in the treatment of chemical dependence;
- chemical dependence is a complex disease caused by unknown and not entirely known causes;
- Chemical addiction can be interrupted and controlled, but it cannot be cured. The goal of searching for treatment methods is not to reduce drug use, but to completely abstain from it;
- problems associated with or caused by chemical dependence should be considered secondary in the treatment of the patient;
- Denial of the problem is normal for a patient suffering from chemical dependency. Almost all of these people either avoid talking about their illness or become aggressive;
- successful rehabilitation requires fundamental lifestyle changes. Refusal to take drugs entails the disappearance of everything that was associated with it: the need to obtain drugs disappears, the circle of friends changes, etc. There is a void, free time that needs to be filled, otherwise the bad habit may return;
- chemical dependence is a disease of the entire family, so the treatment program must cover all its members;
- people suffering from chemical dependency need the help of qualified psychologists, since almost all of them are characterized by a lack of self-confidence, dependence, negative self-esteem, fear of rejection, a feeling of rejection, and social immaturity;
- It is advisable to combine the course of treatment with participation in the Twelve Steps program;
- After treatment, it is possible to resume taking drugs: a person who has never relapsed and returned to drugs is a rarity.
As for recovery programs, they are not fundamentally different from those used in the treatment of alcoholism.
Instructional and methodological letter
Drug addiction is talked about all over the world today. This problem worries politicians, doctors, sociologists, lawyers, and teachers. It is estimated that there are more than one billion drug addicts in the world. This is a social tragedy.
According to the WHO European Bureau, there are 16 million drug addicts in the region. Ukraine ranks 6th in terms of the rate of drug addiction among the population among 50 European countries. A person becomes addicted to drugs, starting with smoking regular cigarettes (12 million smoke in Ukraine, 800 thousand people in Kyiv), then “weed” is added to tobacco (anasha, plan, marijuana), after which medical drugs are used, and In the future, injectable drugs are also used. It is necessary to urgently and actively get involved in the fight against drug addiction, using the entire arsenal of available means and shouting: “Anxiety - drug addiction!”
For the purpose of anti-drug propaganda, we advise libraries, together with regional and district health centers, to organize leisure time for youth and youth in interest clubs, literary associations, show clubs called “Contemporary”, “Good Hope”, “Youth”, “We”, “Dialogue” "," Compass "," Source "," Zhivitsa ", aimed at educational and educational work. Forms of work - lectures, debates, exhibitions-reflections, exhibitions-discussions, question-and-answer evenings, round-table meetings, evenings of exchange of opinions, brain-rings, benefit performances for readers, conversations, literature reviews, moral lessons, health lessons, lessons ethics with the direct participation of psychologists, narcologists, and law enforcement agencies.
The fight against this evil requires energetic, comprehensive measures - medical, legal, educational. It is necessary to show more widely the vile essence of the drug den, to reveal the shameful face of the potion's distributors, the ugliness of its consumer, the terrible consequences of passion - moral and physical self-destruction.
Conversations with boys and girls related to the problem of drug addiction should be structured in such a way as to focus attention on the danger of psychological degradation of a person who takes drugs. It is necessary to prove to young people that, in parallel with the drug habit, there is a sharp narrowing of the interests of the individual, his needs, and motives of behavior. It is necessary to convince the boy or girl that the success of drug addiction treatment depends primarily on the stage of development of the disease and the desire to be cured. All information in organized mass events for youth and young people is necessary in order to prevent in time any intentions to try a drug, and the idea that a single dose of a drug is safe is erroneous, because this is where a basically irreversible disease begins.
Therefore, for high school students, students, students of lyceums, technical schools, and colleges, we recommend holding a set of mass events “Drug addiction, prostitution, AIDS - a real threat to humanity,” which can include:
Book exhibition-discussion “Drug addiction is not just an addiction” in sections:
Drugs: myths and reality.
What is drug addiction?
Drug addiction and crime.
Legal measures to combat drug addiction.
We recommend holding an evening of questions and answers “In order not to fall into trouble” together with a psychologist, lawyer, doctor, having considered the question:
Drugs, the history of their origin.
Social roots of the harmful phenomenon.
Why do drug addicts try to attract others to drugs?
How to prevent your first encounter with a terrible, human-destroying potion?
Specific government measures aimed at combating drug addiction.
The abuse of narcotic substances and psychotropic drugs and their illegal sale is a social problem on a global scale that requires a solution. In Ukraine, it has become threatening and has all the features of an epidemic process. Only 1-5 percent of drug addicts are cured of their illness. Considering the insufficient effectiveness of drug addiction treatment, the main attention should be paid, in our opinion, to preventive measures and early identification of drug users for the purpose of their comprehensive treatment. Teenagers and young people will find answers to these questions in an hour of interesting messages “White Death: Evil must be destroyed from the roots,” which we advise a librarian to prepare with the participation of leading experts.
Sample questions for information:
What are the reasons for the spread of drug addiction?
What harm do drugs do to the body?
Addiction. Substance abuse. Alcoholism. Is there a difference between them?
Do you know how harmful drug use is to your offspring?
Narcotic drugs: liability for illegal use and theft. Do you know these laws?
Preventive measures can be divided into two groups. This is, firstly, the formation of a healthy lifestyle, and, secondly, anti-drug propaganda. This propaganda should be comprehensive, addressed to different age groups and informal youth groups, taking into account their value orientations and psychological characteristics. Young people should be widely informed about all the negative consequences of using substances that cause psychological and physical dependence. The goal of these activities should be a negative attitude towards drug addiction on the part of society and the formation of a negative intoxication attitude among adolescents and young people.
Drugs in ancient times - presentation by a medical worker.
Drug addiction and the law - presentation by a lawyer.
Promoting a healthy lifestyle - a review of books and articles in the press.
In order to find out whether there is knowledge about drugs and their role in a person’s life, a “Questionnaire” can be conducted.
QUESTIONNAIRE
1. Is the drug useful?
c) find it difficult to answer;
d) I don’t know.
2. What is a drug?
a) a substance that gives satisfaction;
b) a pleasant pastime;
c) a substance that is a condition of an incurable disease;
d) medicines that, in small doses, alleviate the suffering of patients.
3. Why do people start using drugs?
a) for the sake of interest;
b) at the request of comrades;
c) to ease your grief - solve the problem;
d) to ease the course of the disease.
4. What happens to a drug addict?
a) continues to enjoy life;
b) constantly looking for where to get drugs;
c) depressed;
d) life is torture.
5. Are there drug addicts among your friends?
c) I don’t know
6. If you were offered to try a drug, would you do it?
c) you can try it once;
d) I don’t know;
d) depending on others.
Thank you for your frankness. Whatever your answers, your actions will always tell who you are!
"Health is fashionable!"
Youth dance event (for students of 10th - 11th grades)
Goal: promoting a healthy lifestyle; correction of individual signs of maladjusted behavior of young people.
Before the start of the dance event, participants are invited to take part in a “live questionnaire” by choosing one of three answer options (show the corresponding letters). Interactive questionnaire for action participants:
Live survey question
1. A person who leads a healthy lifestyle:
a) idiot;
b) a person who does not find anything more interesting to do;
c) “advanced” type with normal views on life;
2. If you have a desire to learn about a healthy lifestyle, you:
a) read in the magazine "Health";
b) consult a doctor;
c) become participants in our promotion.
3. If you came to our event, then you:
a) you will stand aside modestly;
b) you will “laugh” with or without reason;
c) take part in all competitions.
4. Are you ready to break bad habits and make your lifestyle healthier?
a) no, I don’t need it;
b) if my friends agree, then I will also join them;
c) this is exactly what I do.
Tips for the teacher (leader). The youth dance event takes place as a sequential change of episodes (stages) of the game program. Between all episodes, as well as at the end of the program, there is a disco.
Episode 1. "Smoking Prevention."
Students are divided into groups:
a) those who smoke;
b) those who do not smoke.
Games:
1) dance on cigarettes and cigarette packs;
2) inflating a balloon at speed (determining the performance of the lungs of the person who smokes and those who do not smoke).
Episode 2. "Prevention of alcohol use."
Students are divided into groups:
a) those who drink alcohol;
b) those who do not drink alcohol.
Games:
1) auction of soft drinks;
2) a game to test the knowledge of organs that are affected by alcohol.
Episode 3. “Drug Addiction Prevention.”
Students are divided into groups:
a) those who have a negative attitude towards drug use;
b) those who have a positive attitude towards drug use.
Episode 4. "Propaganda for Safe Sex."
Students are divided into groups:
a) those who are in favor of using condoms;
b) those who are against the use of condoms.
Games:
1) role-playing game, a mother convinces her son (grandmother - granddaughter, friend - friend) that condoms should be used;
2) game-warning "The spread of HIV/AIDS".
Episode 5. "Propaganda of sports."
Students are divided into groups:
a) those who engage in physical education and sports;
b) those who do not engage in physical education and sports at all.
Games:
1) develop a set of exercises for both groups;
2) game "game-simulator".
Episode 6. "Propaganda of healthy eating."
Students are divided into groups:
a) those who believe that they eat healthy;
b) those who believe that they are eating incorrectly
Games:
1) create a healthy food menu;
2) game "Feed me".
Episode 7. "Promotion of Preventive Medical Examination"
Students are divided into groups:
a) those who regularly visit a doctor for preventive purposes;
b) those who go to the doctor only in case of emergency.
Games: 1) game “I like that you are not sick with me...”
Summarizing:
1. Counting tokens (for active participation in competitions, correct answers, winning games): determining those who received the most tokens.
2. Rewarding the winners with prizes and valuable gifts.
We are against drug addiction! ...Among the many problems facing Russian society today, the problem of drug addiction, as a global threat to the health of the country's population and national security, occupies one of the first places. The spread of drug addiction in the territory of the former Soviet Union and, first of all, in Russia in the last decade has occurred at an alarming rate...
“It’s not that hard to see. The main difficulty is to break through the wall that holds us back and does not allow us to move. This wall exists in the mind of each of us. And to destroy it, all we need is to get out of the fortress of self-satisfaction and a false sense of security.” Carlos Castaneda
What is a "drug"? The concept of drug is medical, social, and legal. First of all, a drug is a psychoactive substance included in the official state list of narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances found in illegal possession or trafficking (according to the conclusion of the Standing Committee on Drug Control). The drug has a specific effect on the psyche (inhibits mental processes, activates or has a hallucinogenic effect); causes negative social consequences due to widespread distribution.
Types of drugs 1. Opiates (opioids) - drugs of the opiate group Morphine (opium, heroin, codeine) External changes - severe constriction of the pupils; the eyes are slightly reddish and very shiny; bruises under the eyes; shallow intermittent slow breathing; itchy skin (especially nose); lethargic and sleepy appearance; slurred speech; passivity and general relaxation; apathy towards everything except oneself; euphoria and carefree; excessive courage and determination; nervousness; and so on. Physiological changes - dry skin and mucous membranes (lips, tongue); shallow sleep; decreased urine output; frequent constipation; There is no cough when you have a cold; slight decrease in body temperature. Methadone (met) External changes - valid from 1-3 days; constriction of the pupils; slow and confused speech; slow movements; irritability over trifles; appetite disorders; shallow sleep; shallow breathing; good nature, etc. Physiological changes - mild skin itching.
Types of drugs 2. Cannabiols (cannabinoids) - substances from hemp Marijuana or hemp (anasha, hashish, plan, ganja, charas, ma, kief, dachcha, synthetic cannabinol, Mary-Jane, hemp) External changes when consuming hemp and its derivatives - the pupil is slightly dilated; sparkle in the eyes; redness of the whites of the eyes; slightly swollen eyelids; constant licking of lips; bad breath; specific burning smell from clothes; excessive gaiety and laughter for no reason; weakened attention; confusion of thoughts; memory impairment; a sharply emerging state of incomprehensible sadness and thoughtfulness; increased need for verbal communication over time, giving way to a desire to be alone with music (for hours); incomprehensible statements; incoherent speech, in statements there is a noticeable lack of logic between phrases; jumping from topic to topic; in conversation, paying attention to minor details; stupid tone of conversation; slight lack of coordination of movements; sometimes hallucinations; with a sharp change in the situation, fear and paranoid phenomena; increased appetite (gluttony); general euphoria, complacency, etc. Physiological changes - increased heart rate; dry mouth and lips.
Types of drugs 3. Psychostimulants (speed, speed, accelerators) Cocaine (coke, crack, coca) Excessively excited state; lack of fatigue; feeling of strength and superiority; lack of appetite; exhaustion; insomnia; sometimes trembling of limbs, hallucinations. Methamphetamine (dexamphetamine, methylphenidan, phenmetrazine, methedrine, ephedron (Jeff, Mulka, met), pervitin (vint)) Amphetamine or phenamine (hairdryer, Preludin, Ritalin, Romilar, deoxyn, speed, speed) External changes - the pupil is dilated; the eyes are rounded like an owl's; increased activity and endurance of the body; all movements and actions are performed at an accelerated pace; the need to constantly move and do something; feeling of emotional uplift; euphoria; excessively good mood; reassessment of one's capabilities; lack of hunger; increased sexual activity; strong desire to talk; rapid pulse.
Types of drugs 4. Sedative-hypnotic drugs Barbiturates (chloral hydrate, meprobamate, methaqualone, barbamyl, phenobarbital, reladorm, cyclobarbital) External changes - the pupils are normal, but the eyes are sleepy; difficulty speaking and stuttering; drowsiness; confusion; hallucinations; uncontrolled and uncoordinated movements, imbalance (as if drunk); slow mental reactions; difficult thought process and speed of making logical decisions; indecision; vague statements; depressed mood, etc. Physiological changes - weak breathing and pulse. Benzodiazepines BZP (phenazepam, radedorom, relanium (diazepam), elenium, imovan, donormil) External changes - drowsiness; lethargy; confusion; slow reaction; impaired ability to concentrate; sluggish, confused speech; feeling dizzy; muscle weakness; articulation disorder; unsure gait; hallucinations; suicidal tendencies. Physiological changes - dry mouth.
Types of drugs 5. Hallucinogens and types of psychedelic drugs Phencyclidine PCP (pee-pee-pee, angel dust) External changes when using hallucinogens - impaired vision and consciousness; impaired coordination of movements; hallucinations; fear and panic; frequent memory loss; inability to perform purposeful actions; increased energy, cheerfulness; attention is focused on internal experiences; split personality, etc. Physiological changes - the period of intoxication lasts from 4 to 6 hours; increased blood pressure; sweating; vomit; dizziness.
General signs of drug use and addiction External signs: - pale skin; - dilated or constricted pupils; - red or cloudy eyes; - slow speech; - poor coordination of movements. Behavioral signs: - increasing indifference to what is happening nearby; - leaving home and absenteeism from school; - difficulty concentrating, memory impairment; - inadequate response to criticism; - frequent and unexpected mood changes; - unusual requests for money; - loss of valuables, clothing and other things from the house; - Frequent unexplained phone calls. Drug addiction (drug addiction, narcotism, or drug addiction) is also expressed in sleep disturbances, muscle and joint pain, unstable blood pressure, dry mouth, decreased sexual potency, menstrual irregularities, weight loss, impaired protective properties of the body, etc.
Dependence Mental and/or physical dependence develops on drugs. Mental dependence is characterized by the constant or periodic occurrence of craving (passionate desire to take a drug), without which emotional and behavioral disorders develop. Physical dependence is characterized by sudden disturbances in biochemical processes in the body, the inclusion of a narcotic substance as a component necessary for the body in its biological, mental and social functioning. Signs of physical dependence are a compulsive attraction to a drug (an irresistible, biochemically and pathophysiologically determined desire to use a drug at any cost, to get it and introduce it into the body at any cost) and withdrawal symptoms. Withdrawal syndrome is expressed in a severe state of physical and mental discomfort, which is often almost impossible for a person to cope with without medical help due to severe disturbances in the functioning of the cardiovascular, central and peripheral nervous systems, gastrointestinal tract, etc.
Primary prevention Primary prevention is nonspecific and the most widespread. Its contingent includes the general population of children, adolescents and young people, and the goal is to form an active, adaptive, highly functional lifestyle aimed at promoting health, reducing the number of people with biological, psychological and social risk factors for the formation of addiction, developing immunity to dysfunctional patterns addictive behavior. Primary prevention has the following objectives: Improving and increasing the effectiveness of active, constructive behavioral strategies used by a child or adolescent; Increasing the potential of personal-environmental resources (formation of a positive, stable self-concept, increasing the efficiency of functioning of social support networks, developing empathy, affiliation, internal control of one’s own behavior, etc.) The main ways to implement the tasks of primary prevention is teaching healthy behavior: awareness , development and training of certain skills to cope with the demands of the social environment, manage one’s behavior, as well as providing children and adolescents with psychological and social support with adequate support systems and structures. The tasks of primary prevention should be carried out by psychologists, medical and social psychologists and teachers specially trained in the field of prevention.
Secondary prevention Secondary prevention in children, adolescents and young people includes both socio-psychological and medical measures of a non-specific nature. Its population includes children and adolescents with risk behavior (addictive behavior, leaving school and home, street children, children and adolescents exhibiting other forms of deviant and antisocial behavior, or who are in a social situation that provokes drug addiction.) Secondary prevention has the following tasks: Development of active strategies for problem-coping behavior; Increasing the potential of personal-environmental resources; The preventive impact of social networks, which includes the creation of a variety of preventive programs aimed at improving natural networks (family) and creating artificial ones (social and psychological support groups, shelters, medical and psychological centers and support programs, anonymous communities). The implementation of secondary prevention programs should be carried out by specially trained professionals - psychotherapists, psychologists, teachers and a network of lay people - members of self- and mutual help groups, consultants. The effect of secondary prevention programs is faster, but less universal and effective than that of primary prevention.
Tertiary prevention Tertiary prevention of drug addiction among children, adolescents and young people is predominantly medical and social, individual and aimed at preventing the transition of an established disease to its more severe form, the consequences in the form of persistent maladjustment. The goal of tertiary prevention is to maximize the duration of remissions. When carrying out tertiary prevention, the role of professionals - psychotherapists, therapists and psychologists, as well as non-professionals - consultants, members of social support groups and communities, sharply increases.
Books devoted to this problem Sirota N.A., Yaltonsky V.M. Drugs: problems and their solutions: a textbook for higher education students.” The manual touches on modern problems of drug use, the development of drug addiction, ways to prevent and prevent the formation of the disease, and also examines the possibilities of recovery for those who already know what addiction is from their own experience.
Books devoted to this problem “Drug addiction in Russia: status, trends, ways to overcome: a manual for teachers and parents.” The book is dedicated to the fight against drug addiction among young people. It is addressed to teachers, heads of educational institutions, all youth mentors working in the field of education, and parents. The book is written on the basis of a large amount of concrete sociological material, as well as observations of teachers and drug addiction doctors who have devoted many years to working with drug addicts.
Books devoted to this problem Sirota N.A., Yaltonsky V.M., Khazhilina I.I., Vederman N.s. “Prevention of drug addiction in adolescents: from theory to practice.” The book is addressed to a wide range of specialists involved in the prevention of drug addiction and substance abuse. It provides detailed information about what and how to do so that the preventive effect is effective. Two training programs for teaching a healthy lifestyle are presented: a program for preventing the use of drugs and other psychoactive substances for adolescents and a program for psychological training of secondary school teachers in the field of drug addiction prevention and the formation of a healthy lifestyle among schoolchildren.
Books devoted to this problem Lisetsky K.S., Lityagina E.V. “Psychology and prevention of drug addiction” This work represents a collection of the latest ideas in the field of prevention of drug addiction and other types of negative addiction. Can be used as a teaching aid for students of psychology and social pedagogues.
Books devoted to this problem Kuhn S., Schwartzwelder S., Wilson W. “How to protect children from drugs and alcohol.” The authors, professors of pharmacology and psychology, offer parents a way to talk with children about drugs and alcohol so as not to cause resistance and a spirit of contradiction in them. This is a practical and essential guide for every parent who wants their child to know enough to say no to drugs and alcohol.
Books devoted to this problem Kolesov D.V. "Anti-drug education: a textbook." The reader will find in this book answers to questions about the essence of drug addiction and substance abuse, about the characteristics of their formation and development, about the nature of factors predisposing to the disease, about measures to combat the drug infection, including public prevention and prevention in the family. The presentation used literature provided by the Scientific Library named after. R.A. Panova MarSU: The presentation used literature provided by the scientific library named after. R.A. Panova MarSU: GENERAL READING HALL 2 (Address: Kremlevskaya str., 44, building of the pedagogical institute, room 227.) Completed by: 1st year students, o/o, FPP, PS-11 Valeria Egoshina, Elena Chuchalova
