The main vocabulary fund.

Main vocabulary fund

The lexical base of a language, the most stable layer of its vocabulary, which includes primarily the primitive, most important and necessary, firmly established in the life of the people and commonly used names of objects, phenomena, processes associated with reality. These are the names of objects and natural phenomena characterized by their stability: water, earth, sun, moon, field, forest, mountain, wind, rain, snow, thunder, lightning, thunderstorm, etc.; names associated with the animal world: man, horse, cow, bull, sheep, pig, wolf, fox, hare, bear; rooster, chicken, goose, eurona, cuckoo, sparrow; bream, pike, pike perch; bee, wasp, beetle, etc.; names of body parts: head, arm, leg, shoulder, eyes, ears, etc.; names of plant objects: oak, pine, spruce, birch; flower, grass, rye, oats, barley, flax, hemp, etc.; names of tools: harrow, plow, plow, axe, knife, etc.; names of labor processes: plowing, reaping, mowing, threshing, etc.; names associated with everyday life: house, roof, window, door, floor, etc.; names of food items: bread, meat, butter, salt, honey, beer, etc.; popular terms of kinship; father, mother, brother, sister, son, daughter, etc.; terms related to craft: blacksmith, shepherd, plowman, weaver, etc.;

names associated with the settlement; city, village, village, etc.; names of actions and states; walk, lie, sit, sleep, talk, think, build, etc.; names of qualities, properties, signs: white, big, tall, wide, smart, cheerful, etc.;

The main vocabulary fund is characterized by significant stability, but over time, along with the development of society, it undergoes some changes: some words fall out of it, and even more words are replenished. The most stable names are the names of objects and natural phenomena, representatives of the animal and plant world. More changeable in the main vocabulary is that which is associated with production, everyday life, family relationships ( Wed the fate of such words as plow, all (village), brother-in-law, sister-in-law, etc.).

The enrichment of the main vocabulary occurs due to the appearance of words - names of new realities, new forms of production, new social relations, etc. Word production based on words of a given language, as well as foreign language borrowings, play a significant role in this.

The main vocabulary of the Russian language, formed in the distant past, consists of native Russian words, to which words of other origins subsequently began to be mixed, which was a natural consequence of the economic, political, and cultural relations of the Russian people with other peoples.

Dictionary-reference book of linguistic terms. Ed. 2nd. - M.: Enlightenment. Rosenthal D. E., Telenkova M. A.. 1976 .

See what the “core vocabulary fund” is in other dictionaries:

MAIN VOCABULARY- (from the French fonds - stock of something). The lexical base of a language, the most stable layer of its vocabulary; includes the primitive, most important and necessary, firmly established in the life of the people and commonly used names of objects, phenomena, processes,... ...

MAIN VOCABULARY- BASIC VOCABULARY. See the main vocabulary... New dictionary of methodological terms and concepts (theory and practice of language teaching)

The same as the main vocabulary fund...

The entire set of words that make up a language, including its main vocabulary... Dictionary of linguistic terms

LANGUAGE VOCABULARY, VOCABULARY- the entire set of words that make up a language, including its main vocabulary... Professional education. Dictionary

LINGUISTIC FUNDAMENTALS OF THE METHODOLOGY- abbreviation, paragraph, automatic text processing, automatic translation, autonomous speech, speech adaptation, text adaptation, addresser, addressee, alphabet, speech act, active grammar, active vocabulary, active speech, active possession... ... New dictionary of methodological terms and concepts (theory and practice of language teaching)

Training content- active grammar, active vocabulary, active grammatical minimum, active vocabulary, active vocabulary, articulation, aspect of learning, aspects of language, listening, authentic material, database, types of speech activity... ... New dictionary of methodological terms and concepts (theory and practice of language teaching)

Cage, cage. Along with the process of enriching the main vocabulary fund, by the way, and at the expense of folk regional vocabulary, along with the process of formation of new vocabulary groups coming from it, processes of a different nature also take place, consisting in ... ... History of words

Voice, vote. There is no doubt that the word voice entered the main vocabulary of the Russian language back in ancient times. It is found in “The Tale of Igor’s Campaign”: “Voices curl across the sea to Kyiv.” It is characteristic of all three... ... History of words

Vocabulary- (from the Greek λεξικός relating to the word) a set of words of a language, its vocabulary. This term is used both in relation to individual layers of vocabulary (everyday vocabulary, business, poetic, etc.), and to designate all words... ... Linguistic encyclopedic dictionary

Books

Russian etymological dictionary. Issue 5 (buba I - vakshtaf), Anikin Alexander Evgenievich. The dictionary is a collection of etymologists, covering the main vocabulary of the Russian language. Based on the achievements of modern philological science, it examines the origin and…

The same as the main vocabulary fund.

Civil protection. Conceptual and terminological dictionary
- financial resources generated in the process of insurance of natural and man-made risks...
Glossary of emergency terms
- a collection of documents, including the bulk of documents related to the profile of a library or information center and intended for use and storage. In English: Basic collectionSee. also: ...
Financial Dictionary
- assets of the company, both tangible and intangible, that are in constant use. This differentiation was introduced because there are assets that are not in constant use...
Financial Dictionary
- an obsolete word that has a corresponding synonym in modern language...
Explanatory translation dictionary
- An obsolete word that has a corresponding synonym in the modern language. In vain, from ancient times, this actor, that is to say...
- The lexical base of a language, the most stable layer of its vocabulary, which includes primarily the primitive, most important and necessary, firmly established in the life of the people and commonly used names of objects...
Dictionary of linguistic terms
- See lessicale...
Five-language dictionary of linguistic terms
- ...
Spelling dictionary of the Russian language
- VOCABULARY, -i, f. The vocabulary of a language or something. his style, sphere, as well as someone else's. works, individual work. Russian L. Popular l. L. Pushkin...
Ozhegov's Explanatory Dictionary
- LEXICAL, lexical, lexical. adj. to vocabulary; vocabulary. Lexical richness of the language. Lexical features...
Ushakov's Explanatory Dictionary
- lexical adj. 1. ratio with noun vocabulary associated with it 2. Characteristic of vocabulary, characteristic of it. 3. Belonging to the vocabulary...
Explanatory Dictionary by Efremova
- Lex "...
Russian spelling dictionary
- LEXICAL oh, oh. lexique m. Verbal, relating to words. Chudinov 1902. Lexical richness of language. BAS-1. - Lex. Dal-3: lexical...
Historical Dictionary of Gallicisms of the Russian Language
- Verbal, relating to words...
Dictionary of foreign words of the Russian language
- ...
Word forms

"basic lexical fund" in books

Fund

From the book Autobiography by Russell Bertrand

Fund<…>I once thought that opening people’s eyes to danger was not a difficult task. I shared the general prejudice that the instinct of self-preservation can override any other argument. It turned out that I was wrong. It turns out that people care not so much about their own

A chick's lexical minimum, allowing her to survive in any circumstances

From the book Chicks in New York by Demay Laila

The lexical minimum of a chick, allowing her to survive in any circumstances Awesome (adj., letters, means “scary”, “terrible”) From the field of emotions. It is pronounced very loudly and with trembling knees. Used as a characteristic of any object, phenomenon, and in general,

"The main friend is the main enemy"

From the book Saboteurs. Legend of Lubyanka – Pavel Sudoplatov author Linder Joseph Borisovich

“The main friend is the main enemy” In this chapter we will not focus on why and how the National Socialists came to power in Germany in 1933. These events are widely and comprehensively described in many scientific, journalistic and artistic publications.

Fund No. 789

From the book Gogol in Moscow author Moleva Nina Mikhailovna

Fund No. 789 Of all the storages related to the history of Russian art, the 789th fund of the Central State Historical Archive in St. Petersburg is distinguished by the greatest completeness, “population” and complexity. The middle of the 18th century - the years of the October Revolution: on this

Lexical analysis

by Crenshaw Jack

Lexical Analysis Introduction In the last chapter, I left you with a compiler that should almost work, except that we're still limited to single-character tokens. The goal of this tutorial is to get rid of this limitation once and for all. This

Lexical analysis

From the book Let's Build a Compiler! by Crenshaw Jack

Lexical Analysis Lexical analysis is the process of scanning a stream of input characters and dividing it into strings called tokens. Most books on compilers start here and devote several chapters to discussing various construction methods

Lexical analysis

From the book Let's Build a Compiler! by Crenshaw Jack

Lexical and syntactic analysis

From the book Let's Build a Compiler! by Crenshaw Jack

3.5. Lexical analysis of a string containing a number in exponential form

From the C++ book. Collection of recipes author Diggins Christopher

3.5. Lexical analysis of a string containing a number in exponential form Problem: You have a string containing a number in exponential form, and you want to store the value of the number in a variable of type double. Solution: The simplest way to parse a number in exponential form

Question 4 Reserve Fund and National Welfare Fund

From the book Budget System of the Russian Federation author Fedosov Vitaly Anatolievich

Question 4 Reserve Fund and National Welfare Fund In 2007, the financial policy of the Government of the Russian Federation regarding the use of oil and gas revenues began to be adjusted. Firstly, on April 26, 2007, Federal Law No. 63-F3 was amended

From the book Code of the Russian Federation on Administrative Offenses author Laws of the Russian Federation

Article 5. 50. Violation of the rules for transferring funds contributed to the election fund, referendum fund (introduced by Federal Law No. 94-FZ of July 4, 2003) Failure to return donations (parts thereof) to the donor within the period established by the legislation on elections and referendums,

From the book Code of the Russian Federation on Administrative Offences. Text with changes and additions as of November 1, 2009. author author unknown

Article 5.50. Violation of the rules for transferring funds contributed to the election fund, referendum fund Failure to return to the donor within the period established by the legislation on elections and referendums donations (parts thereof) transferred to the election fund, referendum fund with

2. LEXICAL SYNCRETISM

From the book Poetry of Marina Tsvetaeva. Linguistic aspect author Zubova Lyudmila Vladimirovna

Stop fund Stop fund The secret of the Russian Financial Agency Oleg Shchukin 01/30/2013

From the book Newspaper Tomorrow 948 (5 2013) author Zavtra Newspaper

3.6.1. Lexical analysis

From the book Introduction to Biblical Exegesis author Desnitsky Andrey Sergeevich

3.6.1. Lexical Analysis A fairly typical exegetical problem is that we do not understand the meaning of a word in the Bible, or that word may have several meanings (or shades of meaning), so that we find it difficult to make a choice for a given one.

All words used in a given language form it vocabulary. Among this large circle of lexical units there is a small but clearly distinguished circle of words - main vocabulary fund, uniting all root words, the core of the language. The main vocabulary fund is less extensive than the vocabulary of the language; It differs from the vocabulary of a language in that it lives for a very long time, for centuries, and provides the language with a basis for the formation of new words.

The main vocabulary fund covers the most necessary words of the language. To denote the same thing in a language there may be a number of synonyms, which are regarded differently in the vocabulary of the language and not all are included in the main vocabulary. The words of the main vocabulary fund are facts of neutral vocabulary: they can be used with the same meaning in any genre of speech (oral and written speech, prose and poetry, drama and feuilleton, etc.) and in any context. It should be noted that with the polysemy of a word, not all meanings of a given word are a fact of the main vocabulary.

Through vocabulary, language is directly related to reality and its awareness in society. The vocabulary reflects social, professional, and age differences within the language community. Because vocabulary is addressed to reality, it is very mobile, greatly changing its composition under the influence of external factors. The emergence of new realities and the disappearance of old ones leads to the appearance or disappearance of corresponding words and a change in their meanings. That is why the exact number of all words in a language is fundamentally impossible to calculate.

In the native speaker dictionary, a distinction is made between active and passive dictionaries. Active Dictionary- these are the words that a speaker of a given language not only understands, but also uses. The words of the main vocabulary certainly form the basis of the active dictionary, but do not exhaust it, because Each group of people speaking a given language also has specific words and expressions that for this group enter into their active vocabulary and are used daily by them, but are not required as facts in the active vocabulary for other groups of people who, in turn, have other words and expressions. Thus, the words of the main vocabulary fund are common to the active vocabulary of any population group, while specific words will be different for the active vocabulary of different groups of people.

Passive dictionary- these are the words that a speaker of a given language understands, but does not use himself. These are, for example, many special technical or diplomatic terms, as well as various expressive expressions.

The concepts of active and passive vocabulary are very important when learning a foreign language. However, we must not forget that the words in the passive can, if necessary, easily turn into an asset, and the cash in the asset can go into the passive.